The basic chemistry laboratories of three colleges and universities in Guizhou Province were investigated completely,especially the pollution situations of the basic chemistry projects were counted,and the discharge a...The basic chemistry laboratories of three colleges and universities in Guizhou Province were investigated completely,especially the pollution situations of the basic chemistry projects were counted,and the discharge amounts of the poisonous and harmful pollutants in the waste liquid from laboratories were monitored and analyzed.On the basis of the summing-up and analysis of the current research findings,a simple and feasible treatment scheme through flocculating,precipitating and constructed wetlands was designed to control the three kinds of excessive pollutants.展开更多
A new State Key Laboratory named Environmental Aquatic Chemistry is establishing in the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. It asso-ciates with other three Iaboratories in univ...A new State Key Laboratory named Environmental Aquatic Chemistry is establishing in the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. It asso-ciates with other three Iaboratories in universities to make up an Joint State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control. They are supported by Chinese Government with the loan from World Bank for about 2.5 million US dollars and the same amount of RMB.展开更多
The Laboratory of Rare Earth Chemistry and Physics,Changchun Institute of Ap-plied Chemistry,Academia Sinica,has been opened to foreign scientists since October,1987.The first plenary session of the Academic Committee...The Laboratory of Rare Earth Chemistry and Physics,Changchun Institute of Ap-plied Chemistry,Academia Sinica,has been opened to foreign scientists since October,1987.The first plenary session of the Academic Committee was held in March,1988,andthe first batch of research projects granted by the Scientific Funds of the Laboratory wereapproved at this meeting.展开更多
Professor Fanao Kong(孔繁敖)was born on June 9th,1936,in Wuhan,Hubei Province.He later relocated with his family to Shanghai,where he completed his senior high school education at Shanghai High School.He then was educ...Professor Fanao Kong(孔繁敖)was born on June 9th,1936,in Wuhan,Hubei Province.He later relocated with his family to Shanghai,where he completed his senior high school education at Shanghai High School.He then was educated in the Department of Chemistry at Peking University.After graduation in 1958,he joined the faculty of the University of Science and Technology of China(USTC)which was newly founded in that year.In addition to his dedicated teaching and scientific research at the USTC,he participated in the establishment of the Laser Chemistry Laboratory in the Department of Chemical Physics.展开更多
The formation of glycohemoglobin,especially the hemoglobin A1c(Hb_(A1c))fraction,occurs when glucose becomes coupled with the amino acid valine in theβ-chain of Hb;this reaction is dependent on the plasma concentrati...The formation of glycohemoglobin,especially the hemoglobin A1c(Hb_(A1c))fraction,occurs when glucose becomes coupled with the amino acid valine in theβ-chain of Hb;this reaction is dependent on the plasma concentration of glucose.Since the early 1970 s it has been known that diabetics display higher values of Hb_(A1c)because they have elevated blood glucose concentrations.Thus Hb_(A1c)has acquired a very important role in the treatment and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.After the introduction of the first quantitative measurement of Hb_(A1c),numerous methods for glycohemoglobin have been introduced with different assay principles:From a simple minicolumn technique to the very accurate automated highpressure chromatography and lastly to many automated immunochemical or enzymatic assays.In early days,the results of the quality control reports for Hb_(A1c)varied extensively between laboratories,therefore in United States and Canada working groups(WG)of the Diabetes Controls and Complications Trial(DCCT)were set up to standardize the Hb_(A1c)assays against the DCCT/National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program reference method based on liquid chromatography.In the 1990 s,the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine(IFCC)appointed a new WG to plan a reference preparation and method for the Hb_(A1c)measurement.When the reference procedureswere established,in 2004 IFCC recommended that all manufacturers for equipment used in Hb_(A1c)assays should calibrate their methods to their proposals.This led to an improvement in the coefficient of variation(CV%)associated with the assay.In this review,we describe the glycation of Hb,methods,standardization of the Hb_(A1c)assays,analytical problems,problems with the units in which Hb_(A1c)values are expressed,reference values,quality control aspects,target requirements for Hb_(A1c),and the relationship of the plasma glucose values to Hb_(A1c)concentrations.We also note that the acceptance of the mmol/mol system for Hb_(A1c)as recommended by IFCC,i.e.,the new unit and reference ranges,are becoming only slowly accepted outside of Europe where it seems that expressing Hb_(A1c)values either only in per cent units or with parallel reporting of percent and mmol/mol will continue.We believe that these issues should be resolved in the future and that it would avoid confusion if mmol/mol unit for Hb_(A1c)were to gain worldwide acceptance.展开更多
The phonon relaxation and heat conduction in one-dimensional Fermi Pasta-Ulam （FPU） β lattices are studied by using molecular dynamics simulations. The phonon relaxation rate, which dominates the length dependence ...The phonon relaxation and heat conduction in one-dimensional Fermi Pasta-Ulam （FPU） β lattices are studied by using molecular dynamics simulations. The phonon relaxation rate, which dominates the length dependence of the FPU β lattice, is first calculated from the energy autoeorrelation function for different modes at various temperatures through equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the relaxation rate as a function of wave number k is proportional to k^1.688, which leads to a N^0.41 divergence of the thermal conductivity in the framework of Green-Kubo relation. This is also in good agreement with the data obtained by non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations which estimate the length dependence exponent of the thermal conductivity as 0.415. Our results confirm the N^2/5 divergence in one-dimensional FPU β lattices. The effects of the heat flux on the thermal conductivity are also studied by imposing different temperature differences on the two ends of the lattices. We find that the thermal conductivity is insensitive to the heat flux under our simulation conditions. It implies that the linear response theory is applicable towards the heat conduction in one-dimensional FPU β lattices.展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation Projects of Education Department of Guizhou Province (2006319)
文摘The basic chemistry laboratories of three colleges and universities in Guizhou Province were investigated completely,especially the pollution situations of the basic chemistry projects were counted,and the discharge amounts of the poisonous and harmful pollutants in the waste liquid from laboratories were monitored and analyzed.On the basis of the summing-up and analysis of the current research findings,a simple and feasible treatment scheme through flocculating,precipitating and constructed wetlands was designed to control the three kinds of excessive pollutants.
文摘A new State Key Laboratory named Environmental Aquatic Chemistry is establishing in the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. It asso-ciates with other three Iaboratories in universities to make up an Joint State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control. They are supported by Chinese Government with the loan from World Bank for about 2.5 million US dollars and the same amount of RMB.
文摘The Laboratory of Rare Earth Chemistry and Physics,Changchun Institute of Ap-plied Chemistry,Academia Sinica,has been opened to foreign scientists since October,1987.The first plenary session of the Academic Committee was held in March,1988,andthe first batch of research projects granted by the Scientific Funds of the Laboratory wereapproved at this meeting.
文摘Professor Fanao Kong(孔繁敖)was born on June 9th,1936,in Wuhan,Hubei Province.He later relocated with his family to Shanghai,where he completed his senior high school education at Shanghai High School.He then was educated in the Department of Chemistry at Peking University.After graduation in 1958,he joined the faculty of the University of Science and Technology of China(USTC)which was newly founded in that year.In addition to his dedicated teaching and scientific research at the USTC,he participated in the establishment of the Laser Chemistry Laboratory in the Department of Chemical Physics.
文摘The formation of glycohemoglobin,especially the hemoglobin A1c(Hb_(A1c))fraction,occurs when glucose becomes coupled with the amino acid valine in theβ-chain of Hb;this reaction is dependent on the plasma concentration of glucose.Since the early 1970 s it has been known that diabetics display higher values of Hb_(A1c)because they have elevated blood glucose concentrations.Thus Hb_(A1c)has acquired a very important role in the treatment and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.After the introduction of the first quantitative measurement of Hb_(A1c),numerous methods for glycohemoglobin have been introduced with different assay principles:From a simple minicolumn technique to the very accurate automated highpressure chromatography and lastly to many automated immunochemical or enzymatic assays.In early days,the results of the quality control reports for Hb_(A1c)varied extensively between laboratories,therefore in United States and Canada working groups(WG)of the Diabetes Controls and Complications Trial(DCCT)were set up to standardize the Hb_(A1c)assays against the DCCT/National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program reference method based on liquid chromatography.In the 1990 s,the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine(IFCC)appointed a new WG to plan a reference preparation and method for the Hb_(A1c)measurement.When the reference procedureswere established,in 2004 IFCC recommended that all manufacturers for equipment used in Hb_(A1c)assays should calibrate their methods to their proposals.This led to an improvement in the coefficient of variation(CV%)associated with the assay.In this review,we describe the glycation of Hb,methods,standardization of the Hb_(A1c)assays,analytical problems,problems with the units in which Hb_(A1c)values are expressed,reference values,quality control aspects,target requirements for Hb_(A1c),and the relationship of the plasma glucose values to Hb_(A1c)concentrations.We also note that the acceptance of the mmol/mol system for Hb_(A1c)as recommended by IFCC,i.e.,the new unit and reference ranges,are becoming only slowly accepted outside of Europe where it seems that expressing Hb_(A1c)values either only in per cent units or with parallel reporting of percent and mmol/mol will continue.We believe that these issues should be resolved in the future and that it would avoid confusion if mmol/mol unit for Hb_(A1c)were to gain worldwide acceptance.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.50976052,51136001,and 50730006)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University,China+1 种基金the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program,Chinathe Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology TNList Cross-discipline Foundation,China
文摘The phonon relaxation and heat conduction in one-dimensional Fermi Pasta-Ulam （FPU） β lattices are studied by using molecular dynamics simulations. The phonon relaxation rate, which dominates the length dependence of the FPU β lattice, is first calculated from the energy autoeorrelation function for different modes at various temperatures through equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the relaxation rate as a function of wave number k is proportional to k^1.688, which leads to a N^0.41 divergence of the thermal conductivity in the framework of Green-Kubo relation. This is also in good agreement with the data obtained by non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations which estimate the length dependence exponent of the thermal conductivity as 0.415. Our results confirm the N^2/5 divergence in one-dimensional FPU β lattices. The effects of the heat flux on the thermal conductivity are also studied by imposing different temperature differences on the two ends of the lattices. We find that the thermal conductivity is insensitive to the heat flux under our simulation conditions. It implies that the linear response theory is applicable towards the heat conduction in one-dimensional FPU β lattices.
