You can use the word“check”in many ways.When you check into something,you find out more about it.When you check something out,you look at that thing carefully.To check out a place,you may actually go there.When you ...You can use the word“check”in many ways.When you check into something,you find out more about it.When you check something out,you look at that thing carefully.To check out a place,you may actually go there.When you check in on someone,you go to their place.You may ask,“How are you doing?”展开更多
Check dams are widely constructed on China's Loess Plateau,which had a total number of 58,776 by the end of 2019.Great achievements in check dam construction have been gained regarding the economic and environment...Check dams are widely constructed on China's Loess Plateau,which had a total number of 58,776 by the end of 2019.Great achievements in check dam construction have been gained regarding the economic and environmental impacts.This study reviews the remarkable benefits of check dams on the land reclamation and environmental improvement on the Loess Plateau,and sediment reduction entering the Yellow River.However,the flood incidents on check dams have been frequently reported for the past decades,which has attracted more attention in the context of climate change and extreme rainfall events recently.Advances in the flood migration techniques achieved by the research group led by the first author have been highlighted to migrate the breach risk of check dams due to floods.The“family tree method”has been proposed to determine the survival status and critical rainfall threshold of each check dam in the complicated dam system.An updated dam breach flood evaluation framework and the corresponding numerical algorithm(i.e.,DB-IWHR)have been developed.Moreover,innovative types of water-release facilities for check dams,including geobag stepped spillway and prestressed concrete cylinder pipe in the underlying conduit,have been proposed and developed.Finally,the perspectives concerning the check dam construction on the Loess Plateau have been put forward.展开更多
在地方经济蓬勃发展与医药行业深刻变革的宏观背景下,培育高素质的临床试验协调员(Clinical Research Coordinator,简称CRC),已成为顺应社会需求、推进健康中国建设的关键举措。本文以四川护理职业学院针对药学专业开展的临床试验项目...在地方经济蓬勃发展与医药行业深刻变革的宏观背景下,培育高素质的临床试验协调员(Clinical Research Coordinator,简称CRC),已成为顺应社会需求、推进健康中国建设的关键举措。本文以四川护理职业学院针对药学专业开展的临床试验项目化教学试点为切入点,深入剖析其构建的创新医教协同培养模式,从人才培养实践、培养的关键问题与应对策略及培养成效等方面进行介绍。此培养模式在实践中取得了积极的成效,显著提升了学生的就业竞争力,为其他地区在CRC人才培养方面提供了极具价值的参考范例,助力行业整体人才培养水平的提升。展开更多
The implementation of the cascade check dam system, which integrates beam and closed-type dams, has been extensively adopted as a pivotal engineering measure for mitigating debris flow in Southwest China. In the post-...The implementation of the cascade check dam system, which integrates beam and closed-type dams, has been extensively adopted as a pivotal engineering measure for mitigating debris flow in Southwest China. In the post-debris flow events, it is imperative to quantitatively assess the volume of sediment volume captured by the cascade check dams and to monitor their impact on sediment dynamics. This study investigates the cascade check dams in Guanmenzi Gully, Beichuan County, Sichuan Province in Southwest China, surveying the reservoir topography of the dams on two occasions over a fiveyear period. The #3 closed-type dam, located in the upper upstream, the #2 closed-type dam, located in the middle stream(which was manually cleaned), and the beam dam, located in the downstream were all surveyed. A simplified yet accurate method was developed to estimate sediment volume within check dam reservoirs under complex topographic conditions. A combination of terrestrial surveys and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) based surveys was employed, resulting in the acquisition of two high-resolution Digital Elevation Models(DEMs) at different temporal intervals. The utilization of DEMs of Difference(DoD) facilitated the quantification of terrain variations and the sediment transport. The following conclusions were obtained: firstly, it was found that the volume of sediment trapped in the reservoirs of #2 closed-type dam and #1 beam dam were almost the same, with #3 closed-type dam being the smallest. The validation of the results in conjunction with the geometric method demonstrated that the percentage error was less than 7%, proving the reliability of the results. In addition, an analysis of changes in the detailed topography of the reservoirs revealed that the sediment deposit occurred in areas distant from the structures, while erosion exhibited concentration in specific areas close to the dams. The percentage volume of sediment deposit was found to be significantly higher than that of erosion(all higher than 85%). Furthermore, the excessive sediment deposition reduces the storage capacity of closed-type check dams, whereas in the case of beam dams, the maximum erosion amount in the reservoir is 35.8 m^(3) and the percentage of the maximum erosion amount is 14.00%. This suggests that the self-cleaning of beam dam can effectively slow down the sediment deposition process. Finally, the current study proposes an expression for storage capacity composition and suggests that, in engineering practice, emphasis should be placed on maintenance programs that synergize manual cleaning and self-cleaning of open-type check dams. The conclusions may facilitate the refinement of maintenance strategies of cascade check dams, thereby effectively preventing and mitigating debris flows.展开更多
Linear programming(LP)decoding is a classic decoding method for linear block codes,and has attracted recent researches because its potential in joint channel processing.However,for polar codes,LP decoders has long bee...Linear programming(LP)decoding is a classic decoding method for linear block codes,and has attracted recent researches because its potential in joint channel processing.However,for polar codes,LP decoders has long been outperformed by CRCaided successive cancellation list(CA-SCL)decoders.To increase the competitiveness of 5G NR LP polar decoding,it is possible to gain performance improvements by exploiting the cyclic redundancy check(CRC)setup.In this paper,we propose a combined scheme of reduced sparsified factor graph-sparsified CRC(RSFG-SCRC)and augmented generator matrix-CRC(AGM-CRC),for polytope generation in adaptive linear programming(ALP)decoder for 5G polar codes.Augmented generator matrix(AGM)polytope and improved maximum cycle strategy-auxiliary node pairs 4(MCS-ANP-4)algorithm are proposed,to make efficient use of CRC constraints and minimize the constraint size for the decoder.Numerical simulations show that adaptive linear programming decoders with our proposed RSFG-SCRC and AGM-CRC polytopes can achieve significantly better block error rate(BLER)performance than a benchmark CA-SCL-8 decoder especially in harsh low-to-medium SNR regions.展开更多
BACKGROUND Bacterial contamination during colonoscopy is a significant concern,yet few studies have evaluated bacterial aerosols.This study aimed to determine whether covering the biopsy hole check valve with enzymoly...BACKGROUND Bacterial contamination during colonoscopy is a significant concern,yet few studies have evaluated bacterial aerosols.This study aimed to determine whether covering the biopsy hole check valve with enzymolysis gauze(refers to sterile gauze soaked in a multi-enzyme cleaning solution)reduces bacterial air pollution in endoscopy rooms.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of an enzymolysis gauze cover in reducing bacterial aerosols from the biopsy valve.METHODS This prospective,single-blind trial included 80 patients undergoing elective diagnostic colonoscopy.During the procedure,the biopsy hole check valve was either covered or left uncovered with enzymolysis gauze.Air samples(100 L)were collected at a distance of 30 cm from the biopsy hole check valve and approximately 140 cm above the floor using a percussive air sampling instrument.Gram-positive bacteria were cultured on standard 90 mm colimycin nalidixic agar blood plates.The primary outcome measures were bacterial load and species identification.RESULTS Covering the biopsy hole check valve with enzymolysis gauze reduced bacterial load near the check valve from 50 colony-forming unit(CFU)/m^(3)[interquartile range(IQR):30-80]to 20 CFU/m^(3)(IQR:10-20).At the end of the procedure each day,covering the valve also decreased bacterial load in the endoscopy room from 35 CFU/m^(3)(IQR:33-85)to 10 CFU/m^(3)(IQR:5-10).The predominant bacteria identified were Gram-positive cocci.CONCLUSION Applying enzymolysis gauze to cover the biopsy hole check valve significantly reduces bacterial aerosol contamination in endoscopy rooms during colonoscopy.展开更多
文摘You can use the word“check”in many ways.When you check into something,you find out more about it.When you check something out,you look at that thing carefully.To check out a place,you may actually go there.When you check in on someone,you go to their place.You may ask,“How are you doing?”
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:42330719National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:U2443228+1 种基金Power Construction Corporation of China,Grant/Award Number:DJ-ZDXM-2021-51China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Grant/Award Number:GE121003A0042022。
文摘Check dams are widely constructed on China's Loess Plateau,which had a total number of 58,776 by the end of 2019.Great achievements in check dam construction have been gained regarding the economic and environmental impacts.This study reviews the remarkable benefits of check dams on the land reclamation and environmental improvement on the Loess Plateau,and sediment reduction entering the Yellow River.However,the flood incidents on check dams have been frequently reported for the past decades,which has attracted more attention in the context of climate change and extreme rainfall events recently.Advances in the flood migration techniques achieved by the research group led by the first author have been highlighted to migrate the breach risk of check dams due to floods.The“family tree method”has been proposed to determine the survival status and critical rainfall threshold of each check dam in the complicated dam system.An updated dam breach flood evaluation framework and the corresponding numerical algorithm(i.e.,DB-IWHR)have been developed.Moreover,innovative types of water-release facilities for check dams,including geobag stepped spillway and prestressed concrete cylinder pipe in the underlying conduit,have been proposed and developed.Finally,the perspectives concerning the check dam construction on the Loess Plateau have been put forward.
文摘在地方经济蓬勃发展与医药行业深刻变革的宏观背景下,培育高素质的临床试验协调员(Clinical Research Coordinator,简称CRC),已成为顺应社会需求、推进健康中国建设的关键举措。本文以四川护理职业学院针对药学专业开展的临床试验项目化教学试点为切入点,深入剖析其构建的创新医教协同培养模式,从人才培养实践、培养的关键问题与应对策略及培养成效等方面进行介绍。此培养模式在实践中取得了积极的成效,显著提升了学生的就业竞争力,为其他地区在CRC人才培养方面提供了极具价值的参考范例,助力行业整体人才培养水平的提升。
基金jointly funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (2024YFC3012705)the CAS Light of West China Program (Grant Recipient:Wanyu Zhao)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.42201095)the Postdoctoral Research Project Special Funding of Sichuan (Grant No.TB2023028)。
文摘The implementation of the cascade check dam system, which integrates beam and closed-type dams, has been extensively adopted as a pivotal engineering measure for mitigating debris flow in Southwest China. In the post-debris flow events, it is imperative to quantitatively assess the volume of sediment volume captured by the cascade check dams and to monitor their impact on sediment dynamics. This study investigates the cascade check dams in Guanmenzi Gully, Beichuan County, Sichuan Province in Southwest China, surveying the reservoir topography of the dams on two occasions over a fiveyear period. The #3 closed-type dam, located in the upper upstream, the #2 closed-type dam, located in the middle stream(which was manually cleaned), and the beam dam, located in the downstream were all surveyed. A simplified yet accurate method was developed to estimate sediment volume within check dam reservoirs under complex topographic conditions. A combination of terrestrial surveys and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) based surveys was employed, resulting in the acquisition of two high-resolution Digital Elevation Models(DEMs) at different temporal intervals. The utilization of DEMs of Difference(DoD) facilitated the quantification of terrain variations and the sediment transport. The following conclusions were obtained: firstly, it was found that the volume of sediment trapped in the reservoirs of #2 closed-type dam and #1 beam dam were almost the same, with #3 closed-type dam being the smallest. The validation of the results in conjunction with the geometric method demonstrated that the percentage error was less than 7%, proving the reliability of the results. In addition, an analysis of changes in the detailed topography of the reservoirs revealed that the sediment deposit occurred in areas distant from the structures, while erosion exhibited concentration in specific areas close to the dams. The percentage volume of sediment deposit was found to be significantly higher than that of erosion(all higher than 85%). Furthermore, the excessive sediment deposition reduces the storage capacity of closed-type check dams, whereas in the case of beam dams, the maximum erosion amount in the reservoir is 35.8 m^(3) and the percentage of the maximum erosion amount is 14.00%. This suggests that the self-cleaning of beam dam can effectively slow down the sediment deposition process. Finally, the current study proposes an expression for storage capacity composition and suggests that, in engineering practice, emphasis should be placed on maintenance programs that synergize manual cleaning and self-cleaning of open-type check dams. The conclusions may facilitate the refinement of maintenance strategies of cascade check dams, thereby effectively preventing and mitigating debris flows.
基金supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M670469)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFB1803303,No.2020YFB1806702).
文摘Linear programming(LP)decoding is a classic decoding method for linear block codes,and has attracted recent researches because its potential in joint channel processing.However,for polar codes,LP decoders has long been outperformed by CRCaided successive cancellation list(CA-SCL)decoders.To increase the competitiveness of 5G NR LP polar decoding,it is possible to gain performance improvements by exploiting the cyclic redundancy check(CRC)setup.In this paper,we propose a combined scheme of reduced sparsified factor graph-sparsified CRC(RSFG-SCRC)and augmented generator matrix-CRC(AGM-CRC),for polytope generation in adaptive linear programming(ALP)decoder for 5G polar codes.Augmented generator matrix(AGM)polytope and improved maximum cycle strategy-auxiliary node pairs 4(MCS-ANP-4)algorithm are proposed,to make efficient use of CRC constraints and minimize the constraint size for the decoder.Numerical simulations show that adaptive linear programming decoders with our proposed RSFG-SCRC and AGM-CRC polytopes can achieve significantly better block error rate(BLER)performance than a benchmark CA-SCL-8 decoder especially in harsh low-to-medium SNR regions.
基金Supported by the Construction Fund of Key Medical Disciplines of Hangzhou,No.2025HZGF05the Key R and D Program of Zhejiang Province,No.2023C03054 and No.2024C03048+1 种基金the Key Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine(Digestive Diseases)in Zhejiang Province,No.2024-XK-61the Zhejiang Province Medical and Health Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2021KY848.
文摘BACKGROUND Bacterial contamination during colonoscopy is a significant concern,yet few studies have evaluated bacterial aerosols.This study aimed to determine whether covering the biopsy hole check valve with enzymolysis gauze(refers to sterile gauze soaked in a multi-enzyme cleaning solution)reduces bacterial air pollution in endoscopy rooms.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of an enzymolysis gauze cover in reducing bacterial aerosols from the biopsy valve.METHODS This prospective,single-blind trial included 80 patients undergoing elective diagnostic colonoscopy.During the procedure,the biopsy hole check valve was either covered or left uncovered with enzymolysis gauze.Air samples(100 L)were collected at a distance of 30 cm from the biopsy hole check valve and approximately 140 cm above the floor using a percussive air sampling instrument.Gram-positive bacteria were cultured on standard 90 mm colimycin nalidixic agar blood plates.The primary outcome measures were bacterial load and species identification.RESULTS Covering the biopsy hole check valve with enzymolysis gauze reduced bacterial load near the check valve from 50 colony-forming unit(CFU)/m^(3)[interquartile range(IQR):30-80]to 20 CFU/m^(3)(IQR:10-20).At the end of the procedure each day,covering the valve also decreased bacterial load in the endoscopy room from 35 CFU/m^(3)(IQR:33-85)to 10 CFU/m^(3)(IQR:5-10).The predominant bacteria identified were Gram-positive cocci.CONCLUSION Applying enzymolysis gauze to cover the biopsy hole check valve significantly reduces bacterial aerosol contamination in endoscopy rooms during colonoscopy.
