Head smut of maize （Zea mays L.）, which was caused by Sporisorium reiliana, occurred in most of the maize growing areas of the world. The purpose of this study was to develop SCAR markers for map-based cloning of re...Head smut of maize （Zea mays L.）, which was caused by Sporisorium reiliana, occurred in most of the maize growing areas of the world. The purpose of this study was to develop SCAR markers for map-based cloning of resistance genes and MAS. Two sets of BC3 progenies, one （BC3Q） derived from the cross Qi319 （resistance）×Huangzao 4 （susceptible）, the other （BC3M） from Mol7 （resistance）× Huangzao 4 （susceptible）, were generated. Huangzao 4 was the recurrent parent in both progenies. A combination of BSA （bulked segregant analysis） with AFLP （amplified fragment length polymorphism） method was applied to map the genes involving the resistance to S. reiliana, and corresponding resistant and susceptible bulks and their parental lines were used for screening polymorphic AFLP primer pairs. One fragment of PI3M61-152 was converted into SCAR （sequence charactered amplified fragment） marker S130. The marker was mapped at chromosome bin 2.09, the interval of a major QTL region previously reported to contribute to S. reiliana resistance. Furthermore, S130 was highly and facilitate map-based cloni associated with resistance to S. reiliana, and could be useful for marker-assisted selection ng of resistance genes.展开更多
Self-biting disease occurred in most farmed fur animals in the world. The mechanism and rapid detection method of this disease has not been reported. We applied bulked sergeant analysis （BSA） in combination with RAP...Self-biting disease occurred in most farmed fur animals in the world. The mechanism and rapid detection method of this disease has not been reported. We applied bulked sergeant analysis （BSA） in combination with RAPD method to analyze a molecular genetic marker linked with self-biting trait in mink group. The molecular marker was converted into sequence-characterized amplified regions （SCAR） marker for rapid detection of this disease. A single RAPD marker A8 amplified a specific band of 263bp in self-biting minks, which was designated as SRA8-250, and non-specific band of 315bp in both self-biting and healthy minks. The sequences of the bands exhibited 75% and 88% similarity to Canis familiarizes major histocompatibility complex （MHC） class II region and Macaca mulatta MHC class I region, respectively. A SCAR marker SCAR-A8 was designed for the specific fragment SRA8-250 and validated in 30 self-biting minks and 30 healthy minks. Positive amplification of SCAR-A8 was detected in 24 self-biting minks and 12 healthy minks. χ2 test showed significant difference （p〈0.01） in the detection rate between the two groups. This indicated that SRA8-250 can be used as a positive marker to detect self-biting disease in minks. Furthermore, the finding that self-biting disease links with MHC genes has significant implications for the mechanism of the disease.展开更多
To screen genetic polymorphisms of Panax ginseng, as well as those of Panax quinquefolium and Panax notoginseng, analysis of random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） was performed using 120 random primers. Of the suc...To screen genetic polymorphisms of Panax ginseng, as well as those of Panax quinquefolium and Panax notoginseng, analysis of random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） was performed using 120 random primers. Of the successful amplicons obtained, the Panax ginseng-specific RAPD marker C-12 was cloned into a TA vector and sequenced （Genl3ank access number KU553472）. Based on the sequence analysis results, a pair of primers specific to C-12 was designed. Finally, a SCAR marker-based identification system for Panax ginseng was developed after optimization of the reaction conditions. Using this method, two positive bands were stably observed at 300 bp and 130 bp in 33 batches of Panax ginseng samples tested, while negative results were obtained for another 101 batches of samples, including Panax quinquefolium, Panax notoginseng, adulterants, and other medicinal herbs. Thus, we successfully developed a PCR-based method for rapid and effective identification of Panax ginseng, which can be effectively used for the protection and utilization of germplasm resources and identification of the origins of Panax ginseng samples.展开更多
In a double-well system, we investigate theoretically the population distribution of a particle perturbed by a weak sinusoidal signal with a Gaussian white noise accompanied. Our numerical simulation shows that the pr...In a double-well system, we investigate theoretically the population distribution of a particle perturbed by a weak sinusoidal signal with a Gaussian white noise accompanied. Our numerical simulation shows that the probability of the particle staying in the right potential well, Pn, exhibits an extreme value at specific noise intensity D depending on the frequency of the sinusoidal signal, which is a key feature of stochastic resonance. This is confirmed by calculating the power spectrum of the output signal, in which the extreme value of the amplitude locates at the same noise intensity. These results provide us with a new way to quantify the stochastic resonance by measuring the population distribution of the particle.展开更多
Low-Z materials, such as carbon-based materials and Be, are major plasma-facing material (PFM) for current, even in future fusion devices. In this paper, a new type of multielement-doped carbon-based materials develop...Low-Z materials, such as carbon-based materials and Be, are major plasma-facing material (PFM) for current, even in future fusion devices. In this paper, a new type of multielement-doped carbon-based materials developed are presented along with experimental re-sults of their properties. The results indicate a decrease in chemical sputtering yield by one order of magnitude, a decrease in both thermal shock resistance and radiation-enhanced sublimation, an evidently lower temperature desorption spectrum, and combined properties of exposing to plasma.展开更多
Dear Editor,The brain experiences ongoing changes across different ages to support brain development and functional reorganization.During the span of adulthood,although the brain has matured from a neurobiological per...Dear Editor,The brain experiences ongoing changes across different ages to support brain development and functional reorganization.During the span of adulthood,although the brain has matured from a neurobiological perspective,it is still continuously shaped by external factors such as habits,the family setting,socioeconomic status,and the work environment [1].In contrast to chronological age (CA),brain(or biological) age (BA) is conceptualized as an important index for characterizing the aging process and neuropsychological state,as well as individual cognitiveperformance.Growing evidence indicates that BA can be assessed by neuroimaging techniques,including MRI [2].展开更多
The growth performance of a selected F1 rainbow trout genetically characterized as polymorphic with locus Omy207UoG (NA = 13, PIC = 0.891, HE = 0.9003) was evaluated in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). A set ...The growth performance of a selected F1 rainbow trout genetically characterized as polymorphic with locus Omy207UoG (NA = 13, PIC = 0.891, HE = 0.9003) was evaluated in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). A set of 157 rainbow trout of 37.8 g of mean body weight and 14.6 cm mean total length per tank, were introduced in each of six fish tank of 5 m3 connected to a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). The trout was rearing during 317 days. Growth performance indicators and water quality were evaluated during the experiment. The genetically selected F1 rainbow trout showed a tendency towards homogeneity in growth performance along the culture period, reaching a mean total weight of 552.2 g. The length-weight relationship indicated an isometric growth (>3.0). This study presents the basis to establish a long-term marker-assisted selection program for rainbow trout culture in a subtropical region.展开更多
The present study aimed to assess the molecular profiles of subepithelial connective tissue grafts(CTGs)obtained at different locations and depths in the human palate.Sixty-four CTGs belonging to anterior deep(AD),ant...The present study aimed to assess the molecular profiles of subepithelial connective tissue grafts(CTGs)obtained at different locations and depths in the human palate.Sixty-four CTGs belonging to anterior deep(AD),anterior superficial(AS),posterior deep(PD),and posterior superficial(PS)groups were subjected to RNA-Sequencing and their transcriptomes were analyzed computationally.Functional correlations characterizing the CTG groups were validated by cell biological experiments using primary human palatal fibroblasts(HPFs)extracted from the CTGs.A clearly more pronounced location-dependent than depth-dependent difference between the grafts,with a minimal number of genes(4)showing no dependence on the location,was revealed.Epithelial,endothelial,and monocytic cell migration was strongly(P<0.001)potentiated by AD-and PS-HPFs.Moreover,significantly increased expression of genes encoding C-C and C-X-C motif chemokine ligands as well as significantly(P<0.01)activated p38 signaling suggested immunomodulatory phenotype for AD-and PS-HPFs.Increased growth factor gene expression and significantly activated(P<0.001)Erk and Akt signaling in HPFs originating from A-CTGs implied their involvement in cell survival,proliferation,and motility.Prominent collagen-rich expression profile contributing to high mechanical stability,increased osteogenesis-related gene expression,and strongly activated(P<0.001)Smad1/5/8 signaling characterized HPFs originating from P-CTGs.The present data indicate that in humans,differences between palatal CTGs harvested from different locations and depths appear to be location-rather than depth-dependent.Our findings provide the basis for future personalization of the therapeutic strategy by selecting an optimal graft type depending on the clinical indications.展开更多
The authors have retracted this article.After publication we found an error in the implementation code that resulted in data leakage in the age-prediction model training process.We have redesigned the prediction model...The authors have retracted this article.After publication we found an error in the implementation code that resulted in data leakage in the age-prediction model training process.We have redesigned the prediction model and tested the mode with an extended dataset(around 2000 subjects,in contrast to the 600 subjects in this article).展开更多
The selection of circuit model（i.e., parallel or series model） is critical when using a capacitance–frequency and capacitance–voltage technique to probe properties of organic materials and physical processes of or...The selection of circuit model（i.e., parallel or series model） is critical when using a capacitance–frequency and capacitance–voltage technique to probe properties of organic materials and physical processes of organic optoelectronic devices. In the present work, capacitances of ITO/Alq3/Al and ITO/CuPc/Al are characterized by series and parallel model,respectively. It is found that the large series resistance comes from the ITO electrode and results in the inapplicability of the parallel model to measuring the capacitances of organic devices at high frequencies. An equivalent circuit model with consideration of the parasitical inductance of cables is constructed to derive the capacitance, and actual capacitance–frequency spectra of Alq3 and CuPc devices are obtained. Further investigation of temperature-dependent capacitance–frequency and capacitance–voltage characteristics indicates that CuPc and Al form the Schottky contact, the density and ionization energy of impurities in CuPc are obtained. Moreover, more practical guidelines for accurate capacitance measurement are introduced instead of the impedance magnitude, which will be very helpful for the organic community to investigate capacitance-related characteristics when dealing with various organic optoelectronic devices.展开更多
Historical mining activities often lead to continuing wide spread contaminants in both groundwater and surface water in previously operational mine site areas. The contamination may continue for many years after closi...Historical mining activities often lead to continuing wide spread contaminants in both groundwater and surface water in previously operational mine site areas. The contamination may continue for many years after closing down the mining activities. The essential first step for sustainable management of groundwater and development of remediation strategies is the unknown contaminant source characterization. In a mining site, there are multiple species of contaminants involving complex geochemical processes. It is difficult to identify the potential sources and pathways incorporating the chemically reactive multiple species of contaminants making the source characterization process more challenging. To address this issue, a reactive transport simulation model PHT3D is linked to a Simulated Annealing based the optimum decision model. The numerical simulation model PHT3D is utilized for numerically simulating the reactive transport process involving multiple species in the former mine site area. The simulation results from the calibrated PHT3D model are illustrated, with and without incorporating the chemical reactions. These comparisons show the utility of using a reactive, geochemical transport process’ simulation model. Performance evaluation of the linked simulation optimization methodology is evaluated for a contamination scenario in a former mine site in Queensland, Australia. These performance evaluation results illustrate the applicability of linked simulation optimization model to identify the source characteristics while using PHT3D as a numerical reactive chemical species’ transport simulation model for the hydro-geochemically complex aquifer study area.展开更多
One of the big problems of the urban centres of the cities in Brazil is the growth of the generation of the Civil Construction Waste （CCW）. A disturbing concern for the public and private sectors is to find proper d...One of the big problems of the urban centres of the cities in Brazil is the growth of the generation of the Civil Construction Waste （CCW）. A disturbing concern for the public and private sectors is to find proper disposal of Urban Solid Waste （USW） in large cities, since suitable dumping sites for this waste are increasingly scarce due to the spread and development of large urban centres. In general, recycling is currently one of the procedures most studied by researchers for disposal of such waste. In this context and aiming a new application for recycled CCW aggregates, the research characterized the physical properties of the material to use in fill compaction piles in soil improvement. The analysis shows results from laboratorial tests executed in CCW recycled samples, which came from works in different construction stages from Recife-PE, and natural aggregate, adopted as a reference. Characterization tests were performed with samples CCW recycled CLue aggregates and samples of natural fine aggregate （stone powder）. The results of characterization tests showed similarities between the CCW samples tested and the reference samples, indicating that the civil construction wastes has potcntial use as material for consolidation piles in foundation works.展开更多
Diaphragm structures with micron scale play a significant role in microtransducers and micro-nano devices, and the performance of these devices depends mainly on the dynamic behaviour of diaphragms. Micro-diaphragms a...Diaphragm structures with micron scale play a significant role in microtransducers and micro-nano devices, and the performance of these devices depends mainly on the dynamic behaviour of diaphragms. Micro-diaphragms are treated commonly as membranes and in some cases as plates or plates in tension (called TD plates for short), but they also show in many cases the behaviour of plates in tension and supported by air spring (called TDK plates for short). Therefore, it is necessary to perform systematic research on the dynamic behaviour of micro-diaphragms, and establish a characterized mathematical description. This paper focuses on the TDK plates since they possess universality, gives the corresponding basic equations, and then derives analytical solutions of TDK circular plates under clamped and simply supported boundary conditions. This paper also gives a 3D plot representation of characteristic curved surfaces, revealing the transition from the TDK and TD plate to the pure plate or pure membrane behaviour; and further uses the value φ to determine the property of diaphragms. Its two extreme cases, i.e. φ = 0 and φ = ∞ , correspond to pure plate or pure membrane, respectively. Thus, membrane, plate and TD plate can be treated as special cases of TDK plate. In addition, this paper reveals that the presence of air-spring not only enhances the restoring force of diaphragm such that increases its natural frequencies, but also results in the resonance of a dynamic system consisting of diaphragm and air-spring. These analytical and computational results are significant for the understanding of the operation mechanism of capacitive microtransducers and their optimized design.展开更多
The effects of development states on the artemisinin content of clone S1 of Artemisia anuua L. grown in a greenhouse were investigated in the present study. The artemisinin content increased gradually during the phase...The effects of development states on the artemisinin content of clone S1 of Artemisia anuua L. grown in a greenhouse were investigated in the present study. The artemisinin content increased gradually during the phase of vegetative growth and reached its highest level at 8-9 mg/g dry weight （DW） when the S1 was 6 months old on a long day （LD） photoperiod. Treatment with 9-18 d of short day （SD） photoperiod resulted in the artemisinin content reaching and being maintained at a higher level （2.059-2.289 mg/g DW）, twofold that of control plants and plants of S1 presented at the pro-flower budding and flower-budding stages. The artemisinin content varied in different parts of the plant. The artemisinin content of leaves was higher than that of florets and branches. The artemisinin content in middle leaves was higher than that of bottom leaves, and then top leaves. Different densities of capitate glands （the storage organ of artemisinin） located on the surface of leaves, florets, and branches explained the variations in artemisinin content in these parts of the plant. The correlation coefficient between artemisinin content and density of capitate glands on the surface of different organs was 0.987. The genetic marker for artemisinin content was screened using random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） and sequence characterized amplified region （SCAR） techniques. The random primer OPAl5 （5＇-TTCCGAACCC-3＇） could amplify a specific band of approximately 1 000 bp that was present in all high-artemisinin yielding strains, but absent in all low-yielding strains in three independent replications. This specific band was cloned and its sequence was analyzed. This RAPD marker was converted into a SCAR marker to obtain a more stable marker.展开更多
in recent years, such characteristic families as the family of Beijing opera, the family of calligraphy and the family of paper-cutting have emerged in the Beixinqiao Neighborhood of Dongcheng District, in Beijing.
The lateral geometry and material property of plasmonic nanostructures are critical parameters for tailoring their optical resonance for sensing applications.While lateral geometry can be easily observed by a scanning...The lateral geometry and material property of plasmonic nanostructures are critical parameters for tailoring their optical resonance for sensing applications.While lateral geometry can be easily observed by a scanning electron microscope or an atomic force microscope,characterizing materials properties of plasmonic devices is not straightforward and requires delicate examination of material composition,cross-sectional thickness,and refractive index.In this study,a deep neural network is adopted to characterize these parameters of unknown plasmonic nanostructures through simple transmission spectra.The network architecture is established based on simulated data to achieve accurate identification of both geometric and material parameters.We then demonstrate that the network training by a mixture of simulated and experimental data can result in correct material property recognition.Our work may indicate a simple and intelligent characterization approach to plasmonic nanostructures by spectroscopic techniques.展开更多
In this paper,using the atomic decomposition of the Herz-Morrey-Hardy spaces with variable exponent,the wavelet characterization by means of a local version of the discrete tent spaces with variable exponent is establ...In this paper,using the atomic decomposition of the Herz-Morrey-Hardy spaces with variable exponent,the wavelet characterization by means of a local version of the discrete tent spaces with variable exponent is established.As an application,the boundedness of the fractional integral operators from variable exponent Herz-Morrey-Hardy spaces into variable exponent Herz-Morrey spaces is obtained.展开更多
The exploration of material failure behavior not only involves defining its limits and underlying mechanisms but also entails devising strategies for improvement and protection in extreme conditions.We've pioneere...The exploration of material failure behavior not only involves defining its limits and underlying mechanisms but also entails devising strategies for improvement and protection in extreme conditions.We've pioneered an advanced multi-scale,high-speed ascending thermal shock testing platform capable of inducing unprecedented heat shocks at rates surpassing 105℃/s.Through meticulous examination of the thermal shock responses of carbon nanotube(CNT)films,we've achieved remarkable breakthroughs.By employing an innovative macro-scale synchronous tightening and relaxing approach,we've attained a critical temperature differential in CNT films that exceeds an exceptional 2500℃—surpassing any previously reported metric for highperformance,thermal-shock-resistant materials.Notably,these samples have demonstrated exceptional resilience,retaining virtually unchanged strength even after enduring 10,000 thermal shock cycles at temperatures exceeding 1000℃.Furthermore,our research has revealed a novel thermal shock/fatigue failure mechanism that fundamentally diverges from conventional theories centered on thermal stress.展开更多
As a vectorial property,polarization encodes high-dimensional information of light.Polarization-based imaging can characterize detailed structural features of biomedical samples label-freely.However,compared with othe...As a vectorial property,polarization encodes high-dimensional information of light.Polarization-based imaging can characterize detailed structural features of biomedical samples label-freely.However,compared with other fundamental properties of light,such as intensity,wavelength and phase,polarization has a shorter application history in biomedicine,because of the requirement for both advanced polarization optical components and computational approaches,which can be achieved nowadays with the fast theoretical and hardware development.展开更多
Using a quantum computer to simulate fermionic systems requires fermion-to-qubit transformations.Usually,lower Pauli weight of transformations means shallower quantum circuits.Therefore,most existing transformations a...Using a quantum computer to simulate fermionic systems requires fermion-to-qubit transformations.Usually,lower Pauli weight of transformations means shallower quantum circuits.Therefore,most existing transformations aim for lower Pauli weight.However,in some cases,the circuit depth depends not only on the Pauli weight but also on the coefficients of the Hamiltonian terms.In order to characterize the circuit depth of these algorithms,we propose a new metric called weighted Pauli weight,which depends on Pauli weight and coefficients of Hamiltonian terms.To achieve smaller weighted Pauli weight,we introduce a novel transformation,Huffman-code-based ternary tree(HTT)transformation,which is built upon the classical Huffman code and tailored to different Hamiltonians.We tested various molecular Hamiltonians and the results show that the weighted Pauli weight of the HTT transformation is smaller than that of commonly used mappings.At the same time,the HTT transformation also maintains a relatively small Pauli weight.The mapping we designed reduces the circuit depth of certain Hamiltonian simulation algorithms,facilitating faster simulation of fermionic systems.展开更多
基金funded by the National Hi-Tech R&D Program,China(863Program,2006AA100103,2007AA10Z172)the International Cooperation Project for Science and Technology(2007DFA31010)
文摘Head smut of maize （Zea mays L.）, which was caused by Sporisorium reiliana, occurred in most of the maize growing areas of the world. The purpose of this study was to develop SCAR markers for map-based cloning of resistance genes and MAS. Two sets of BC3 progenies, one （BC3Q） derived from the cross Qi319 （resistance）×Huangzao 4 （susceptible）, the other （BC3M） from Mol7 （resistance）× Huangzao 4 （susceptible）, were generated. Huangzao 4 was the recurrent parent in both progenies. A combination of BSA （bulked segregant analysis） with AFLP （amplified fragment length polymorphism） method was applied to map the genes involving the resistance to S. reiliana, and corresponding resistant and susceptible bulks and their parental lines were used for screening polymorphic AFLP primer pairs. One fragment of PI3M61-152 was converted into SCAR （sequence charactered amplified fragment） marker S130. The marker was mapped at chromosome bin 2.09, the interval of a major QTL region previously reported to contribute to S. reiliana resistance. Furthermore, S130 was highly and facilitate map-based cloni associated with resistance to S. reiliana, and could be useful for marker-assisted selection ng of resistance genes.
文摘Self-biting disease occurred in most farmed fur animals in the world. The mechanism and rapid detection method of this disease has not been reported. We applied bulked sergeant analysis （BSA） in combination with RAPD method to analyze a molecular genetic marker linked with self-biting trait in mink group. The molecular marker was converted into sequence-characterized amplified regions （SCAR） marker for rapid detection of this disease. A single RAPD marker A8 amplified a specific band of 263bp in self-biting minks, which was designated as SRA8-250, and non-specific band of 315bp in both self-biting and healthy minks. The sequences of the bands exhibited 75% and 88% similarity to Canis familiarizes major histocompatibility complex （MHC） class II region and Macaca mulatta MHC class I region, respectively. A SCAR marker SCAR-A8 was designed for the specific fragment SRA8-250 and validated in 30 self-biting minks and 30 healthy minks. Positive amplification of SCAR-A8 was detected in 24 self-biting minks and 12 healthy minks. χ2 test showed significant difference （p〈0.01） in the detection rate between the two groups. This indicated that SRA8-250 can be used as a positive marker to detect self-biting disease in minks. Furthermore, the finding that self-biting disease links with MHC genes has significant implications for the mechanism of the disease.
基金Project(2014ZX09304307-002)supported by the Major Program of Science and Technology Foundation of ChinaProject supported by Technology Platform for Quality/Safety Inspection and Risk Management of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China+1 种基金Project(2014SK2001)supported by the Key Program Foundation of Hunan Provincial Science&Technology Department,ChinaProject(XSYK-R201502)supported by the Hunan Provincial Food and Drug Administration under Key Project of Science and Technology for Food and Drug Safety,China
文摘To screen genetic polymorphisms of Panax ginseng, as well as those of Panax quinquefolium and Panax notoginseng, analysis of random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） was performed using 120 random primers. Of the successful amplicons obtained, the Panax ginseng-specific RAPD marker C-12 was cloned into a TA vector and sequenced （Genl3ank access number KU553472）. Based on the sequence analysis results, a pair of primers specific to C-12 was designed. Finally, a SCAR marker-based identification system for Panax ginseng was developed after optimization of the reaction conditions. Using this method, two positive bands were stably observed at 300 bp and 130 bp in 33 batches of Panax ginseng samples tested, while negative results were obtained for another 101 batches of samples, including Panax quinquefolium, Panax notoginseng, adulterants, and other medicinal herbs. Thus, we successfully developed a PCR-based method for rapid and effective identification of Panax ginseng, which can be effectively used for the protection and utilization of germplasm resources and identification of the origins of Panax ginseng samples.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant Nos 2011CB922104 and 2011CBA00202the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11474154+4 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under Grant No BK2012013the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China under Grant No 20120091110030the Dengfeng Project B of Nanjing UniversityJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Manipulating Techniques of Electromagnetic Wavesthe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘In a double-well system, we investigate theoretically the population distribution of a particle perturbed by a weak sinusoidal signal with a Gaussian white noise accompanied. Our numerical simulation shows that the probability of the particle staying in the right potential well, Pn, exhibits an extreme value at specific noise intensity D depending on the frequency of the sinusoidal signal, which is a key feature of stochastic resonance. This is confirmed by calculating the power spectrum of the output signal, in which the extreme value of the amplitude locates at the same noise intensity. These results provide us with a new way to quantify the stochastic resonance by measuring the population distribution of the particle.
基金The work was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China No.19789503.
文摘Low-Z materials, such as carbon-based materials and Be, are major plasma-facing material (PFM) for current, even in future fusion devices. In this paper, a new type of multielement-doped carbon-based materials developed are presented along with experimental re-sults of their properties. The results indicate a decrease in chemical sputtering yield by one order of magnitude, a decrease in both thermal shock resistance and radiation-enhanced sublimation, an evidently lower temperature desorption spectrum, and combined properties of exposing to plasma.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61971420)the Beijing Brain Initiative of the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Z181100001518003)+1 种基金Special Projects of Brain Science of the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Z161100000216139 and Z171100000117002)the International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31620103905)。
文摘Dear Editor,The brain experiences ongoing changes across different ages to support brain development and functional reorganization.During the span of adulthood,although the brain has matured from a neurobiological perspective,it is still continuously shaped by external factors such as habits,the family setting,socioeconomic status,and the work environment [1].In contrast to chronological age (CA),brain(or biological) age (BA) is conceptualized as an important index for characterizing the aging process and neuropsychological state,as well as individual cognitiveperformance.Growing evidence indicates that BA can be assessed by neuroimaging techniques,including MRI [2].
基金funded by SAGARPA-CONACYT-2006-01-12147 to IDLABSCBS-UAMI-2007-2010-147.07.03 to IDLABS and JLAF
文摘The growth performance of a selected F1 rainbow trout genetically characterized as polymorphic with locus Omy207UoG (NA = 13, PIC = 0.891, HE = 0.9003) was evaluated in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). A set of 157 rainbow trout of 37.8 g of mean body weight and 14.6 cm mean total length per tank, were introduced in each of six fish tank of 5 m3 connected to a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). The trout was rearing during 317 days. Growth performance indicators and water quality were evaluated during the experiment. The genetically selected F1 rainbow trout showed a tendency towards homogeneity in growth performance along the culture period, reaching a mean total weight of 552.2 g. The length-weight relationship indicated an isometric growth (>3.0). This study presents the basis to establish a long-term marker-assisted selection program for rainbow trout culture in a subtropical region.
文摘The present study aimed to assess the molecular profiles of subepithelial connective tissue grafts(CTGs)obtained at different locations and depths in the human palate.Sixty-four CTGs belonging to anterior deep(AD),anterior superficial(AS),posterior deep(PD),and posterior superficial(PS)groups were subjected to RNA-Sequencing and their transcriptomes were analyzed computationally.Functional correlations characterizing the CTG groups were validated by cell biological experiments using primary human palatal fibroblasts(HPFs)extracted from the CTGs.A clearly more pronounced location-dependent than depth-dependent difference between the grafts,with a minimal number of genes(4)showing no dependence on the location,was revealed.Epithelial,endothelial,and monocytic cell migration was strongly(P<0.001)potentiated by AD-and PS-HPFs.Moreover,significantly increased expression of genes encoding C-C and C-X-C motif chemokine ligands as well as significantly(P<0.01)activated p38 signaling suggested immunomodulatory phenotype for AD-and PS-HPFs.Increased growth factor gene expression and significantly activated(P<0.001)Erk and Akt signaling in HPFs originating from A-CTGs implied their involvement in cell survival,proliferation,and motility.Prominent collagen-rich expression profile contributing to high mechanical stability,increased osteogenesis-related gene expression,and strongly activated(P<0.001)Smad1/5/8 signaling characterized HPFs originating from P-CTGs.The present data indicate that in humans,differences between palatal CTGs harvested from different locations and depths appear to be location-rather than depth-dependent.Our findings provide the basis for future personalization of the therapeutic strategy by selecting an optimal graft type depending on the clinical indications.
文摘The authors have retracted this article.After publication we found an error in the implementation code that resulted in data leakage in the age-prediction model training process.We have redesigned the prediction model and tested the mode with an extended dataset(around 2000 subjects,in contrast to the 600 subjects in this article).
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘The selection of circuit model（i.e., parallel or series model） is critical when using a capacitance–frequency and capacitance–voltage technique to probe properties of organic materials and physical processes of organic optoelectronic devices. In the present work, capacitances of ITO/Alq3/Al and ITO/CuPc/Al are characterized by series and parallel model,respectively. It is found that the large series resistance comes from the ITO electrode and results in the inapplicability of the parallel model to measuring the capacitances of organic devices at high frequencies. An equivalent circuit model with consideration of the parasitical inductance of cables is constructed to derive the capacitance, and actual capacitance–frequency spectra of Alq3 and CuPc devices are obtained. Further investigation of temperature-dependent capacitance–frequency and capacitance–voltage characteristics indicates that CuPc and Al form the Schottky contact, the density and ionization energy of impurities in CuPc are obtained. Moreover, more practical guidelines for accurate capacitance measurement are introduced instead of the impedance magnitude, which will be very helpful for the organic community to investigate capacitance-related characteristics when dealing with various organic optoelectronic devices.
文摘Historical mining activities often lead to continuing wide spread contaminants in both groundwater and surface water in previously operational mine site areas. The contamination may continue for many years after closing down the mining activities. The essential first step for sustainable management of groundwater and development of remediation strategies is the unknown contaminant source characterization. In a mining site, there are multiple species of contaminants involving complex geochemical processes. It is difficult to identify the potential sources and pathways incorporating the chemically reactive multiple species of contaminants making the source characterization process more challenging. To address this issue, a reactive transport simulation model PHT3D is linked to a Simulated Annealing based the optimum decision model. The numerical simulation model PHT3D is utilized for numerically simulating the reactive transport process involving multiple species in the former mine site area. The simulation results from the calibrated PHT3D model are illustrated, with and without incorporating the chemical reactions. These comparisons show the utility of using a reactive, geochemical transport process’ simulation model. Performance evaluation of the linked simulation optimization methodology is evaluated for a contamination scenario in a former mine site in Queensland, Australia. These performance evaluation results illustrate the applicability of linked simulation optimization model to identify the source characteristics while using PHT3D as a numerical reactive chemical species’ transport simulation model for the hydro-geochemically complex aquifer study area.
文摘One of the big problems of the urban centres of the cities in Brazil is the growth of the generation of the Civil Construction Waste （CCW）. A disturbing concern for the public and private sectors is to find proper disposal of Urban Solid Waste （USW） in large cities, since suitable dumping sites for this waste are increasingly scarce due to the spread and development of large urban centres. In general, recycling is currently one of the procedures most studied by researchers for disposal of such waste. In this context and aiming a new application for recycled CCW aggregates, the research characterized the physical properties of the material to use in fill compaction piles in soil improvement. The analysis shows results from laboratorial tests executed in CCW recycled samples, which came from works in different construction stages from Recife-PE, and natural aggregate, adopted as a reference. Characterization tests were performed with samples CCW recycled CLue aggregates and samples of natural fine aggregate （stone powder）. The results of characterization tests showed similarities between the CCW samples tested and the reference samples, indicating that the civil construction wastes has potcntial use as material for consolidation piles in foundation works.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60774053 and 60374044)
文摘Diaphragm structures with micron scale play a significant role in microtransducers and micro-nano devices, and the performance of these devices depends mainly on the dynamic behaviour of diaphragms. Micro-diaphragms are treated commonly as membranes and in some cases as plates or plates in tension (called TD plates for short), but they also show in many cases the behaviour of plates in tension and supported by air spring (called TDK plates for short). Therefore, it is necessary to perform systematic research on the dynamic behaviour of micro-diaphragms, and establish a characterized mathematical description. This paper focuses on the TDK plates since they possess universality, gives the corresponding basic equations, and then derives analytical solutions of TDK circular plates under clamped and simply supported boundary conditions. This paper also gives a 3D plot representation of characteristic curved surfaces, revealing the transition from the TDK and TD plate to the pure plate or pure membrane behaviour; and further uses the value φ to determine the property of diaphragms. Its two extreme cases, i.e. φ = 0 and φ = ∞ , correspond to pure plate or pure membrane, respectively. Thus, membrane, plate and TD plate can be treated as special cases of TDK plate. In addition, this paper reveals that the presence of air-spring not only enhances the restoring force of diaphragm such that increases its natural frequencies, but also results in the resonance of a dynamic system consisting of diaphragm and air-spring. These analytical and computational results are significant for the understanding of the operation mechanism of capacitive microtransducers and their optimized design.
文摘The effects of development states on the artemisinin content of clone S1 of Artemisia anuua L. grown in a greenhouse were investigated in the present study. The artemisinin content increased gradually during the phase of vegetative growth and reached its highest level at 8-9 mg/g dry weight （DW） when the S1 was 6 months old on a long day （LD） photoperiod. Treatment with 9-18 d of short day （SD） photoperiod resulted in the artemisinin content reaching and being maintained at a higher level （2.059-2.289 mg/g DW）, twofold that of control plants and plants of S1 presented at the pro-flower budding and flower-budding stages. The artemisinin content varied in different parts of the plant. The artemisinin content of leaves was higher than that of florets and branches. The artemisinin content in middle leaves was higher than that of bottom leaves, and then top leaves. Different densities of capitate glands （the storage organ of artemisinin） located on the surface of leaves, florets, and branches explained the variations in artemisinin content in these parts of the plant. The correlation coefficient between artemisinin content and density of capitate glands on the surface of different organs was 0.987. The genetic marker for artemisinin content was screened using random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） and sequence characterized amplified region （SCAR） techniques. The random primer OPAl5 （5＇-TTCCGAACCC-3＇） could amplify a specific band of approximately 1 000 bp that was present in all high-artemisinin yielding strains, but absent in all low-yielding strains in three independent replications. This specific band was cloned and its sequence was analyzed. This RAPD marker was converted into a SCAR marker to obtain a more stable marker.
文摘in recent years, such characteristic families as the family of Beijing opera, the family of calligraphy and the family of paper-cutting have emerged in the Beixinqiao Neighborhood of Dongcheng District, in Beijing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61974069,62022043,and 62235008)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA1202904)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province Major Project(No.BK20212012)State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays(No.GDX2022010007)Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Nos.NUPTSF NY219008 and NJUPT 1311 Talent Program).
文摘The lateral geometry and material property of plasmonic nanostructures are critical parameters for tailoring their optical resonance for sensing applications.While lateral geometry can be easily observed by a scanning electron microscope or an atomic force microscope,characterizing materials properties of plasmonic devices is not straightforward and requires delicate examination of material composition,cross-sectional thickness,and refractive index.In this study,a deep neural network is adopted to characterize these parameters of unknown plasmonic nanostructures through simple transmission spectra.The network architecture is established based on simulated data to achieve accurate identification of both geometric and material parameters.We then demonstrate that the network training by a mixture of simulated and experimental data can result in correct material property recognition.Our work may indicate a simple and intelligent characterization approach to plasmonic nanostructures by spectroscopic techniques.
基金supported by NNSF-China Grant(No.11471176)NSF of Shandong Province China(No.ZR2020MA004).
文摘In this paper,using the atomic decomposition of the Herz-Morrey-Hardy spaces with variable exponent,the wavelet characterization by means of a local version of the discrete tent spaces with variable exponent is established.As an application,the boundedness of the fractional integral operators from variable exponent Herz-Morrey-Hardy spaces into variable exponent Herz-Morrey spaces is obtained.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China(No.2022YFA1205400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11832010,11890682,and 21721002)+3 种基金the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.E1I41IR1 and E2911IR1)Special Research Assistant Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.E37551R1)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB36010200)the Austrian-Chinese Cooperative Research and Development Projects(No.GJHZ2043).
文摘The exploration of material failure behavior not only involves defining its limits and underlying mechanisms but also entails devising strategies for improvement and protection in extreme conditions.We've pioneered an advanced multi-scale,high-speed ascending thermal shock testing platform capable of inducing unprecedented heat shocks at rates surpassing 105℃/s.Through meticulous examination of the thermal shock responses of carbon nanotube(CNT)films,we've achieved remarkable breakthroughs.By employing an innovative macro-scale synchronous tightening and relaxing approach,we've attained a critical temperature differential in CNT films that exceeds an exceptional 2500℃—surpassing any previously reported metric for highperformance,thermal-shock-resistant materials.Notably,these samples have demonstrated exceptional resilience,retaining virtually unchanged strength even after enduring 10,000 thermal shock cycles at temperatures exceeding 1000℃.Furthermore,our research has revealed a novel thermal shock/fatigue failure mechanism that fundamentally diverges from conventional theories centered on thermal stress.
文摘As a vectorial property,polarization encodes high-dimensional information of light.Polarization-based imaging can characterize detailed structural features of biomedical samples label-freely.However,compared with other fundamental properties of light,such as intensity,wavelength and phase,polarization has a shorter application history in biomedicine,because of the requirement for both advanced polarization optical components and computational approaches,which can be achieved nowadays with the fast theoretical and hardware development.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2024YFB4504101)the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22303022)the Anhui Province Innovation Plan for Science and Technology(Grant No.202423r06050002).
文摘Using a quantum computer to simulate fermionic systems requires fermion-to-qubit transformations.Usually,lower Pauli weight of transformations means shallower quantum circuits.Therefore,most existing transformations aim for lower Pauli weight.However,in some cases,the circuit depth depends not only on the Pauli weight but also on the coefficients of the Hamiltonian terms.In order to characterize the circuit depth of these algorithms,we propose a new metric called weighted Pauli weight,which depends on Pauli weight and coefficients of Hamiltonian terms.To achieve smaller weighted Pauli weight,we introduce a novel transformation,Huffman-code-based ternary tree(HTT)transformation,which is built upon the classical Huffman code and tailored to different Hamiltonians.We tested various molecular Hamiltonians and the results show that the weighted Pauli weight of the HTT transformation is smaller than that of commonly used mappings.At the same time,the HTT transformation also maintains a relatively small Pauli weight.The mapping we designed reduces the circuit depth of certain Hamiltonian simulation algorithms,facilitating faster simulation of fermionic systems.
