The inability to access brain tissue has greatly hindered our ability to study and care for individuals suffering from psychiatric and neurological conditions.Critics have questioned efforts to develop peripheral bloo...The inability to access brain tissue has greatly hindered our ability to study and care for individuals suffering from psychiatric and neurological conditions.Critics have questioned efforts to develop peripheral blood biomarkers in neurological and psychiatric disorders based on the assertion that disease pathology is limited to the brain.The discovery that all tissues,including the brain,release extracellular vesicles(Raposo and Stoorvogel,2013)and cell free DNAs(Chan et al.,2013)into various body fluids has provided a potential way to measure activity from inaccessible tissues like the central nervous system(CNS)and has given rise to the term“liquid biopsy.”The development of liquid biopsies that can diagnose and predict the course of psychiatric and neurological disorders would be transformative.The ability to predict episodic events such as mania,depression,and risk for suicide would be particularly useful for psychiatric care as it would enable the development of interventions that prevent mortality and improve outcomes.Additionally,biomarkers that are informative about drug response and aid in treatment decisions would be a significant advance in psychiatric care as it would prevent patients from having to endure multiple courses of ineffective treatments and side effects.展开更多
Rivers and groundwater are the main water sources for cities.The mutual transformation between river water and groundwater makes it difficult to accurately evaluate and rationally utilize water resources.Scientificall...Rivers and groundwater are the main water sources for cities.The mutual transformation between river water and groundwater makes it difficult to accurately evaluate and rationally utilize water resources.Scientifically quantifying the interaction of surface water and groundwater remains challenging.Taking Chan River Basin as an example,this study aimed to determine the interconversion processes of groundwater and surface water by hydrogeochemical genesis mechanism analysis,isotope tracing,and end-member mixing analysis(EMMA).28 surface water samples and 23 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed during December 2023 and January 2024.Results showed thewater bodies in the study area were dominated by the HCO_(3)-Ca,HCO_(3)-Ca·Mg·Na,and HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca·Na types,with hydrogeochemical processes controlled by the weathering and dissolution of both carbonate and silicate rock minerals.The river water in the upper reaches of the study area is mainly recharged by groundwater,with the average recharge ratio of 54.10%.Similarly,river water is still recharged by groundwater in the middle reaches,the average recharge ratio changes to 28.61%.In the downstream area,where Xi’an City located,due to the heavy exploitation of groundwater,the river water recharges to groundwater with an average recharge ratio of 85.23%,although in the immediate middle reaches,groundwater still replenishes surface waterwith a recharge rate of 75.00%.The results laid the bases for the reasonable utilization of water resources in the Chan River Basin and also served as a reference in other regions of the world.展开更多
本文设计了一种基于无线信号时域特征值抽取的无源TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival,到达时间差)实时定位系统,采用多台无线信号接收装备(数量≥3),在可靠通讯链路和高精度时钟同步机制的保障下,可按需设定时间间隔及采样率对无线信号...本文设计了一种基于无线信号时域特征值抽取的无源TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival,到达时间差)实时定位系统,采用多台无线信号接收装备(数量≥3),在可靠通讯链路和高精度时钟同步机制的保障下,可按需设定时间间隔及采样率对无线信号进行时域采样、特征值抽取。基于目标信号质量最佳的原则,本文选取3台无线信号接收装备的采样数据进行滤波降采处理、特征值互相关计算,得到目标信号到达任意两台设备间的时差,并对时差进行误差判定以提升计算效率。最后,建立通用TDOA数学模型并基于Chan算法计算目标信号位置信息,实现每秒多次位置实时更新。展开更多
基金supported by Department of Defense grant HT9425-24-1-0030 a grant from the Stanley Medical Research Institute(to SS).
文摘The inability to access brain tissue has greatly hindered our ability to study and care for individuals suffering from psychiatric and neurological conditions.Critics have questioned efforts to develop peripheral blood biomarkers in neurological and psychiatric disorders based on the assertion that disease pathology is limited to the brain.The discovery that all tissues,including the brain,release extracellular vesicles(Raposo and Stoorvogel,2013)and cell free DNAs(Chan et al.,2013)into various body fluids has provided a potential way to measure activity from inaccessible tissues like the central nervous system(CNS)and has given rise to the term“liquid biopsy.”The development of liquid biopsies that can diagnose and predict the course of psychiatric and neurological disorders would be transformative.The ability to predict episodic events such as mania,depression,and risk for suicide would be particularly useful for psychiatric care as it would enable the development of interventions that prevent mortality and improve outcomes.Additionally,biomarkers that are informative about drug response and aid in treatment decisions would be a significant advance in psychiatric care as it would prevent patients from having to endure multiple courses of ineffective treatments and side effects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42341102 and 42102288)the Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shaanxi Province(No.SXLK2023–02–1)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.300102263401)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.300102294905).
文摘Rivers and groundwater are the main water sources for cities.The mutual transformation between river water and groundwater makes it difficult to accurately evaluate and rationally utilize water resources.Scientifically quantifying the interaction of surface water and groundwater remains challenging.Taking Chan River Basin as an example,this study aimed to determine the interconversion processes of groundwater and surface water by hydrogeochemical genesis mechanism analysis,isotope tracing,and end-member mixing analysis(EMMA).28 surface water samples and 23 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed during December 2023 and January 2024.Results showed thewater bodies in the study area were dominated by the HCO_(3)-Ca,HCO_(3)-Ca·Mg·Na,and HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca·Na types,with hydrogeochemical processes controlled by the weathering and dissolution of both carbonate and silicate rock minerals.The river water in the upper reaches of the study area is mainly recharged by groundwater,with the average recharge ratio of 54.10%.Similarly,river water is still recharged by groundwater in the middle reaches,the average recharge ratio changes to 28.61%.In the downstream area,where Xi’an City located,due to the heavy exploitation of groundwater,the river water recharges to groundwater with an average recharge ratio of 85.23%,although in the immediate middle reaches,groundwater still replenishes surface waterwith a recharge rate of 75.00%.The results laid the bases for the reasonable utilization of water resources in the Chan River Basin and also served as a reference in other regions of the world.
文摘本文设计了一种基于无线信号时域特征值抽取的无源TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival,到达时间差)实时定位系统,采用多台无线信号接收装备(数量≥3),在可靠通讯链路和高精度时钟同步机制的保障下,可按需设定时间间隔及采样率对无线信号进行时域采样、特征值抽取。基于目标信号质量最佳的原则,本文选取3台无线信号接收装备的采样数据进行滤波降采处理、特征值互相关计算,得到目标信号到达任意两台设备间的时差,并对时差进行误差判定以提升计算效率。最后,建立通用TDOA数学模型并基于Chan算法计算目标信号位置信息,实现每秒多次位置实时更新。
