P2型层状过渡金属氧化物(P2-Na_(x)TMO_(2))因其优异的循环稳定性和倍率性能,成为钠离子电池正极材料的有力候选者。然而,其在高电压下的不可逆相变和固有低理论容量问题,阻碍了实际应用。本研究工作提出高熵策略与双相结构的协同设计...P2型层状过渡金属氧化物(P2-Na_(x)TMO_(2))因其优异的循环稳定性和倍率性能,成为钠离子电池正极材料的有力候选者。然而,其在高电压下的不可逆相变和固有低理论容量问题,阻碍了实际应用。本研究工作提出高熵策略与双相结构的协同设计来克服这些挑战。通过在P2相高熵基体中引入O3相,构建新型P2/O3双相高熵层状氧化物Na_(0.70)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.35)Co_(0.15)Fe_(0.05)Ti_(0.20)O_(2)(简称Na_(0.70)NMCFT)。其中,高熵设计通过构型熵稳定效应有效抑制P2相的不可逆相变,而O3相则通过协同作用弥补容量不足并提升循环稳定性。此外,双相组分之间的相互作用进一步促进P2-O3与P2-P3相变的高度可逆性。Na_(0.70)NMCFT在1C倍率下的初始放电容量为102.08 mAhg^(-1),200次循环后容量保持率达88.15%,表明具有优异的循环稳定性。更重要的是,即使在10C的高倍率下,Na_(0.70)NMCFT仍能提供85.67 mAh g^(-1)的初始放电比容量,并在1000次循环后容量保持率达70%。本工作证实双相高熵设计在提升钠离子电池正极性能中的关键作用,为开发先进钠离子电池正极材料提供了新思路。展开更多
Supercritical fluids play a crucial role in material transport within Earth's deep interior.Investigating the pressure-dependent atomic structures and transport properties of such fluids is essential for understan...Supercritical fluids play a crucial role in material transport within Earth's deep interior.Investigating the pressure-dependent atomic structures and transport properties of such fluids is essential for understanding their petrological,chemical,and geophysical behaviors.In this study,we employed first-principles molecular dynamics simulations to explore the structures,self-diffusion coefficients(D),and viscosities(η)of supercritical NaAlSi_(3)O_(8)-H_(2)O fluids under conditions of 2000 K and 3-10 GPa,with water contents of 30 wt% and 50 wt%.Our calculations indicate that at a water content of 30 wt%,Q^(2) and Q^(3) exhibit a certain degree of positive and negative pressure dependence,respectively,while other Q^(n) species(n represents the number of bridging oxygens connected to Si/Al)show minimal changes.At a water content of 50 wt%,Q^(2) and Q^(0) exhibit a certain degree of positive and negative pressure dependence,respectively,while other Q^(n) species show minimal changes.At both water contents,Si-O-H and molecular water in the system exhibit negative pressure dependence,suggesting that the migration of supercritical fluids from deep to shallow regions is accompanied by the release of water.The self-diffusion coefficients in the supercritical NaAlSi_(3)O_(8)-H_(2)O fluid follow the order D_(Na)≈D_(H)>D_(O)>D_(Al)≈D_(Si),with an overall weak negative pressure dependence.By comparing the viscosities of anhydrous and hydrous silicate melts from previous studies,we found that the addition of water caused a transition from negative to positive pressure dependence of viscosity,corresponding to a structural change from polymerization to depolymerization.Additionally,we calculated the fluid mobility Δp/η of supercritical NaAlSi_(3)O_(8)-H_(2)O fluids and found that their mobility is several orders of magnitude higher than that of basalt melt and is also significantly greater than that of carbonate melt.As supercritical fluids ascend from deeper to shallower regions,their mobility is further enhanced,significantly contributing to the transport of elements from subducting slabs to the overlying mantle wedge.展开更多
Hairong Wang, Yaoqiang Chen, Qiulin Zhang, Qingchao Zhu, Maochu Gong, Ming Zhao（ Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry ＆ Technology of Ministry Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichua...Hairong Wang, Yaoqiang Chen, Qiulin Zhang, Qingchao Zhu, Maochu Gong, Ming Zhao（ Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry ＆ Technology of Ministry Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China展开更多
Composite supports CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3（CZA） and CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3-La2O3（CZALa） were prepared by co-precipitation method. Palladium catalysts were prepared by impregnation and their purification ability for CH4, CO and N...Composite supports CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3（CZA） and CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3-La2O3（CZALa） were prepared by co-precipitation method. Palladium catalysts were prepared by impregnation and their purification ability for CH4, CO and NOx in the mixture gas simulated the exhaust from natural gas vehicles （NGVs） operated under stoichiometric condition was investigated. The effect of La2O3 on the physicochemical properties of supports and catalysts was characterized by various techniques. The characterizations with X-ray diffraction （XRD） and Raman spectroscopy revealed that the doping of La2O3 restrained effectively the sintering of crystallite particles, maintained the crystallite particles in nanoscale and stabilized the crystal phase after calcination at 1000 ℃. The results of N2-adsorption, H2-temperatnre-programmed reduction （H2-TPR） and oxygen storage capacity （OSC） measurements indicated that La2O3 improved the textural properties, reducibility and OSC of composite supports. Activity testing results showed that the catalysts exhibit excellent activities for the simultaneous removal of methane, CO and NOx in the simulated exhaust gas. The catalysts supported on CZALa showed remarkable thermal stability and catalytic activity for the three pollutants, especially for NOx. The prepared palladium catalysts have high ability to remove NOx, CH4 and CO, and they can be used as excellent catalysts for the purification of exhaust from NGVs operated under stoichiometric condition. The catalysts reported in this work also have significant potential in industrial application because of their high performance and low cost.展开更多
The catalytic activity measurement for the NO+CO reaction over CuO/CeO\-2/\%γ\%\|Al\-2O\-3 catalysts at a low\|temperature(200 ℃) shows that the activity is strongly related to ceria loading amount, and both surface...The catalytic activity measurement for the NO+CO reaction over CuO/CeO\-2/\%γ\%\|Al\-2O\-3 catalysts at a low\|temperature(200 ℃) shows that the activity is strongly related to ceria loading amount, and both surface dispersed ceria species and crystalline CeO\-2 shows a significant enhancement on the activity. The effect of ceria species is contributed to their promoting the reduction of copper oxide species.展开更多
文摘P2型层状过渡金属氧化物(P2-Na_(x)TMO_(2))因其优异的循环稳定性和倍率性能,成为钠离子电池正极材料的有力候选者。然而,其在高电压下的不可逆相变和固有低理论容量问题,阻碍了实际应用。本研究工作提出高熵策略与双相结构的协同设计来克服这些挑战。通过在P2相高熵基体中引入O3相,构建新型P2/O3双相高熵层状氧化物Na_(0.70)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.35)Co_(0.15)Fe_(0.05)Ti_(0.20)O_(2)(简称Na_(0.70)NMCFT)。其中,高熵设计通过构型熵稳定效应有效抑制P2相的不可逆相变,而O3相则通过协同作用弥补容量不足并提升循环稳定性。此外,双相组分之间的相互作用进一步促进P2-O3与P2-P3相变的高度可逆性。Na_(0.70)NMCFT在1C倍率下的初始放电容量为102.08 mAhg^(-1),200次循环后容量保持率达88.15%,表明具有优异的循环稳定性。更重要的是,即使在10C的高倍率下,Na_(0.70)NMCFT仍能提供85.67 mAh g^(-1)的初始放电比容量,并在1000次循环后容量保持率达70%。本工作证实双相高熵设计在提升钠离子电池正极性能中的关键作用,为开发先进钠离子电池正极材料提供了新思路。
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(42373033,Yicheng Sun)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(B240201111,Yicheng Sun)。
文摘Supercritical fluids play a crucial role in material transport within Earth's deep interior.Investigating the pressure-dependent atomic structures and transport properties of such fluids is essential for understanding their petrological,chemical,and geophysical behaviors.In this study,we employed first-principles molecular dynamics simulations to explore the structures,self-diffusion coefficients(D),and viscosities(η)of supercritical NaAlSi_(3)O_(8)-H_(2)O fluids under conditions of 2000 K and 3-10 GPa,with water contents of 30 wt% and 50 wt%.Our calculations indicate that at a water content of 30 wt%,Q^(2) and Q^(3) exhibit a certain degree of positive and negative pressure dependence,respectively,while other Q^(n) species(n represents the number of bridging oxygens connected to Si/Al)show minimal changes.At a water content of 50 wt%,Q^(2) and Q^(0) exhibit a certain degree of positive and negative pressure dependence,respectively,while other Q^(n) species show minimal changes.At both water contents,Si-O-H and molecular water in the system exhibit negative pressure dependence,suggesting that the migration of supercritical fluids from deep to shallow regions is accompanied by the release of water.The self-diffusion coefficients in the supercritical NaAlSi_(3)O_(8)-H_(2)O fluid follow the order D_(Na)≈D_(H)>D_(O)>D_(Al)≈D_(Si),with an overall weak negative pressure dependence.By comparing the viscosities of anhydrous and hydrous silicate melts from previous studies,we found that the addition of water caused a transition from negative to positive pressure dependence of viscosity,corresponding to a structural change from polymerization to depolymerization.Additionally,we calculated the fluid mobility Δp/η of supercritical NaAlSi_(3)O_(8)-H_(2)O fluids and found that their mobility is several orders of magnitude higher than that of basalt melt and is also significantly greater than that of carbonate melt.As supercritical fluids ascend from deeper to shallower regions,their mobility is further enhanced,significantly contributing to the transport of elements from subducting slabs to the overlying mantle wedge.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20773090)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (20070610026, 200806100009)
文摘Hairong Wang, Yaoqiang Chen, Qiulin Zhang, Qingchao Zhu, Maochu Gong, Ming Zhao（ Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry ＆ Technology of Ministry Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20773090, 20803049)the National High Technology Researchand Development Program of China (863 Program, No. 2006AA06Z347)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(20070610026)
文摘Composite supports CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3（CZA） and CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3-La2O3（CZALa） were prepared by co-precipitation method. Palladium catalysts were prepared by impregnation and their purification ability for CH4, CO and NOx in the mixture gas simulated the exhaust from natural gas vehicles （NGVs） operated under stoichiometric condition was investigated. The effect of La2O3 on the physicochemical properties of supports and catalysts was characterized by various techniques. The characterizations with X-ray diffraction （XRD） and Raman spectroscopy revealed that the doping of La2O3 restrained effectively the sintering of crystallite particles, maintained the crystallite particles in nanoscale and stabilized the crystal phase after calcination at 1000 ℃. The results of N2-adsorption, H2-temperatnre-programmed reduction （H2-TPR） and oxygen storage capacity （OSC） measurements indicated that La2O3 improved the textural properties, reducibility and OSC of composite supports. Activity testing results showed that the catalysts exhibit excellent activities for the simultaneous removal of methane, CO and NOx in the simulated exhaust gas. The catalysts supported on CZALa showed remarkable thermal stability and catalytic activity for the three pollutants, especially for NOx. The prepared palladium catalysts have high ability to remove NOx, CH4 and CO, and they can be used as excellent catalysts for the purification of exhaust from NGVs operated under stoichiometric condition. The catalysts reported in this work also have significant potential in industrial application because of their high performance and low cost.
文摘The catalytic activity measurement for the NO+CO reaction over CuO/CeO\-2/\%γ\%\|Al\-2O\-3 catalysts at a low\|temperature(200 ℃) shows that the activity is strongly related to ceria loading amount, and both surface dispersed ceria species and crystalline CeO\-2 shows a significant enhancement on the activity. The effect of ceria species is contributed to their promoting the reduction of copper oxide species.
