P2型层状过渡金属氧化物(P2-Na_(x)TMO_(2))因其优异的循环稳定性和倍率性能,成为钠离子电池正极材料的有力候选者。然而,其在高电压下的不可逆相变和固有低理论容量问题,阻碍了实际应用。本研究工作提出高熵策略与双相结构的协同设计...P2型层状过渡金属氧化物(P2-Na_(x)TMO_(2))因其优异的循环稳定性和倍率性能,成为钠离子电池正极材料的有力候选者。然而,其在高电压下的不可逆相变和固有低理论容量问题,阻碍了实际应用。本研究工作提出高熵策略与双相结构的协同设计来克服这些挑战。通过在P2相高熵基体中引入O3相,构建新型P2/O3双相高熵层状氧化物Na_(0.70)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.35)Co_(0.15)Fe_(0.05)Ti_(0.20)O_(2)(简称Na_(0.70)NMCFT)。其中,高熵设计通过构型熵稳定效应有效抑制P2相的不可逆相变,而O3相则通过协同作用弥补容量不足并提升循环稳定性。此外,双相组分之间的相互作用进一步促进P2-O3与P2-P3相变的高度可逆性。Na_(0.70)NMCFT在1C倍率下的初始放电容量为102.08 mAhg^(-1),200次循环后容量保持率达88.15%,表明具有优异的循环稳定性。更重要的是,即使在10C的高倍率下,Na_(0.70)NMCFT仍能提供85.67 mAh g^(-1)的初始放电比容量,并在1000次循环后容量保持率达70%。本工作证实双相高熵设计在提升钠离子电池正极性能中的关键作用,为开发先进钠离子电池正极材料提供了新思路。展开更多
Supercritical fluids play a crucial role in material transport within Earth's deep interior.Investigating the pressure-dependent atomic structures and transport properties of such fluids is essential for understan...Supercritical fluids play a crucial role in material transport within Earth's deep interior.Investigating the pressure-dependent atomic structures and transport properties of such fluids is essential for understanding their petrological,chemical,and geophysical behaviors.In this study,we employed first-principles molecular dynamics simulations to explore the structures,self-diffusion coefficients(D),and viscosities(η)of supercritical NaAlSi_(3)O_(8)-H_(2)O fluids under conditions of 2000 K and 3-10 GPa,with water contents of 30 wt% and 50 wt%.Our calculations indicate that at a water content of 30 wt%,Q^(2) and Q^(3) exhibit a certain degree of positive and negative pressure dependence,respectively,while other Q^(n) species(n represents the number of bridging oxygens connected to Si/Al)show minimal changes.At a water content of 50 wt%,Q^(2) and Q^(0) exhibit a certain degree of positive and negative pressure dependence,respectively,while other Q^(n) species show minimal changes.At both water contents,Si-O-H and molecular water in the system exhibit negative pressure dependence,suggesting that the migration of supercritical fluids from deep to shallow regions is accompanied by the release of water.The self-diffusion coefficients in the supercritical NaAlSi_(3)O_(8)-H_(2)O fluid follow the order D_(Na)≈D_(H)>D_(O)>D_(Al)≈D_(Si),with an overall weak negative pressure dependence.By comparing the viscosities of anhydrous and hydrous silicate melts from previous studies,we found that the addition of water caused a transition from negative to positive pressure dependence of viscosity,corresponding to a structural change from polymerization to depolymerization.Additionally,we calculated the fluid mobility Δp/η of supercritical NaAlSi_(3)O_(8)-H_(2)O fluids and found that their mobility is several orders of magnitude higher than that of basalt melt and is also significantly greater than that of carbonate melt.As supercritical fluids ascend from deeper to shallower regions,their mobility is further enhanced,significantly contributing to the transport of elements from subducting slabs to the overlying mantle wedge.展开更多
Two-step steam reforming of methane (SRM) is a novel chemical looping process towards the production of pure hydrogen and syngas (synthesis gas), consisting of a syngas production step and a water-splitting step. Rene...Two-step steam reforming of methane (SRM) is a novel chemical looping process towards the production of pure hydrogen and syngas (synthesis gas), consisting of a syngas production step and a water-splitting step. Renewable energy can be used to drive this process for hydrogen production, especially solar energy. CeO2-Fe2O3 complex oxide oxygen carrier was prepared by the impregnation method and characterized by means of X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (Raman) and hydrogen programmed reduction (H2-TPR). CH4 temperature programmed and isothermal reactions were adopted to test syngas production reactivity, and water splitting reaction was employed to investigate water-splitting activity. Moreover, two-step SRM performance was evaluated by a successive redox cycle. The results showed that CO-uncontaminated H2 and highly selective syngas (with H2/CO ratio close to 2) could be respectively obtained from two steps, and CeFeO3 formation was found in the first redox cycle and proved to be enhanced by the redox treatment. After 10 successive cycles, obvious CeFeO3 phase was detected, which may be responsible for favorable successive redox cycle performances.展开更多
The catalytic activity measurement for the NO+CO reaction over CuO/CeO\-2/\%γ\%\|Al\-2O\-3 catalysts at a low\|temperature(200 ℃) shows that the activity is strongly related to ceria loading amount, and both surface...The catalytic activity measurement for the NO+CO reaction over CuO/CeO\-2/\%γ\%\|Al\-2O\-3 catalysts at a low\|temperature(200 ℃) shows that the activity is strongly related to ceria loading amount, and both surface dispersed ceria species and crystalline CeO\-2 shows a significant enhancement on the activity. The effect of ceria species is contributed to their promoting the reduction of copper oxide species.展开更多
文摘P2型层状过渡金属氧化物(P2-Na_(x)TMO_(2))因其优异的循环稳定性和倍率性能,成为钠离子电池正极材料的有力候选者。然而,其在高电压下的不可逆相变和固有低理论容量问题,阻碍了实际应用。本研究工作提出高熵策略与双相结构的协同设计来克服这些挑战。通过在P2相高熵基体中引入O3相,构建新型P2/O3双相高熵层状氧化物Na_(0.70)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.35)Co_(0.15)Fe_(0.05)Ti_(0.20)O_(2)(简称Na_(0.70)NMCFT)。其中,高熵设计通过构型熵稳定效应有效抑制P2相的不可逆相变,而O3相则通过协同作用弥补容量不足并提升循环稳定性。此外,双相组分之间的相互作用进一步促进P2-O3与P2-P3相变的高度可逆性。Na_(0.70)NMCFT在1C倍率下的初始放电容量为102.08 mAhg^(-1),200次循环后容量保持率达88.15%,表明具有优异的循环稳定性。更重要的是,即使在10C的高倍率下,Na_(0.70)NMCFT仍能提供85.67 mAh g^(-1)的初始放电比容量,并在1000次循环后容量保持率达70%。本工作证实双相高熵设计在提升钠离子电池正极性能中的关键作用,为开发先进钠离子电池正极材料提供了新思路。
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(42373033,Yicheng Sun)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(B240201111,Yicheng Sun)。
文摘Supercritical fluids play a crucial role in material transport within Earth's deep interior.Investigating the pressure-dependent atomic structures and transport properties of such fluids is essential for understanding their petrological,chemical,and geophysical behaviors.In this study,we employed first-principles molecular dynamics simulations to explore the structures,self-diffusion coefficients(D),and viscosities(η)of supercritical NaAlSi_(3)O_(8)-H_(2)O fluids under conditions of 2000 K and 3-10 GPa,with water contents of 30 wt% and 50 wt%.Our calculations indicate that at a water content of 30 wt%,Q^(2) and Q^(3) exhibit a certain degree of positive and negative pressure dependence,respectively,while other Q^(n) species(n represents the number of bridging oxygens connected to Si/Al)show minimal changes.At a water content of 50 wt%,Q^(2) and Q^(0) exhibit a certain degree of positive and negative pressure dependence,respectively,while other Q^(n) species show minimal changes.At both water contents,Si-O-H and molecular water in the system exhibit negative pressure dependence,suggesting that the migration of supercritical fluids from deep to shallow regions is accompanied by the release of water.The self-diffusion coefficients in the supercritical NaAlSi_(3)O_(8)-H_(2)O fluid follow the order D_(Na)≈D_(H)>D_(O)>D_(Al)≈D_(Si),with an overall weak negative pressure dependence.By comparing the viscosities of anhydrous and hydrous silicate melts from previous studies,we found that the addition of water caused a transition from negative to positive pressure dependence of viscosity,corresponding to a structural change from polymerization to depolymerization.Additionally,we calculated the fluid mobility Δp/η of supercritical NaAlSi_(3)O_(8)-H_(2)O fluids and found that their mobility is several orders of magnitude higher than that of basalt melt and is also significantly greater than that of carbonate melt.As supercritical fluids ascend from deeper to shallower regions,their mobility is further enhanced,significantly contributing to the transport of elements from subducting slabs to the overlying mantle wedge.
基金Project support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50574046, 50774038)the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Prov-ince (2008E030M)+1 种基金the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (20095314120005)2010 Innovation Fund of Kunming University of Science and Technology
文摘Two-step steam reforming of methane (SRM) is a novel chemical looping process towards the production of pure hydrogen and syngas (synthesis gas), consisting of a syngas production step and a water-splitting step. Renewable energy can be used to drive this process for hydrogen production, especially solar energy. CeO2-Fe2O3 complex oxide oxygen carrier was prepared by the impregnation method and characterized by means of X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (Raman) and hydrogen programmed reduction (H2-TPR). CH4 temperature programmed and isothermal reactions were adopted to test syngas production reactivity, and water splitting reaction was employed to investigate water-splitting activity. Moreover, two-step SRM performance was evaluated by a successive redox cycle. The results showed that CO-uncontaminated H2 and highly selective syngas (with H2/CO ratio close to 2) could be respectively obtained from two steps, and CeFeO3 formation was found in the first redox cycle and proved to be enhanced by the redox treatment. After 10 successive cycles, obvious CeFeO3 phase was detected, which may be responsible for favorable successive redox cycle performances.
文摘The catalytic activity measurement for the NO+CO reaction over CuO/CeO\-2/\%γ\%\|Al\-2O\-3 catalysts at a low\|temperature(200 ℃) shows that the activity is strongly related to ceria loading amount, and both surface dispersed ceria species and crystalline CeO\-2 shows a significant enhancement on the activity. The effect of ceria species is contributed to their promoting the reduction of copper oxide species.
