With the rapid development of electronic information technology,the waste electromagnetic radiation generated by the wireless and various other electronic devices has caused serious harm to human health.The developmen...With the rapid development of electronic information technology,the waste electromagnetic radiation generated by the wireless and various other electronic devices has caused serious harm to human health.The development of high-efficiency flexible electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials has become one of the most effective ways to mitigate the increasingly serious problem of electromagnetic pollution.Flexible carbon fiber composites possess most of the physical requirements needed for EMI shielding applications,including high electrical conductivity,large specific surface area,light weight,flexibility,porous structure,and adjustable physical and chemical properties,and various morphology of carbon fibers-based composites applied EMI.In this review,the primary EMI shielding mechanism of carbonfiber-based materials is presented.Since carbon fiber suffers from a low absorption efficiency when used for EMI shielding by itself,it is usually combined with additional EMI filling materials.Therefore,the methods of adding EMI filler materials to the carbon fiber framework and the influence of different fillers on the EMI shielding performance are also discussed.In addition,the novel structural designs of flexible carbon fiber-based EMI shielding materials,including fiber orientation,core-shell structure,and multilayer heterostructure,are summarized in terms of their classification,which includes composites with metal,polymer,nano-carbon,and MXenes.The review concludes with a brief discussion of the challenges,research directions,and future prospects of carbon-fiber-based EMI shielding materials.展开更多
Nitrogen removal from domestic sewage is usually limited by insufficient carbon source and electron donor.An economical solid carbon source was developed by composition of polyvinyl alcohol,sodium alginate,and corncob...Nitrogen removal from domestic sewage is usually limited by insufficient carbon source and electron donor.An economical solid carbon source was developed by composition of polyvinyl alcohol,sodium alginate,and corncob,which was utilized as external carbon source in the anaerobic anoxic oxic(AAO)-biofilter for the treatment of low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio domestic sewage,and the nitrogen removal was remarkably improved from 63.2%to 96.5%.Furthermore,the effluent chemical oxygen demand maintained at 35 mg/L or even lower,and the total nitrogenwas reduced to less than 2mg/L.Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that the microbial communities responsible for potential denitrification and organic matter degradation in both AAO and the biofilter reactors were mainly composed of Proteobacteria and Bacteroides,respectively.The solid carbon source addition resulted in relatively high abundance of functional enzymes responsible for NO_(3)^(−)-N to NO_(2)^(−)-N con-version in both AAO and the biofilter reactors,thus enabled stable reaction.The carbon source addition during glycolysis primarily led to the increase of genes associated with the metabolic conversion of fructose 1.6P2 to glycerol-3P The reactor maintained high abun-dance of genes related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle,and then guaranteed efficient carbon metabolism.The results indicate that the composite carbon source is feasible for denitri-fication enhancement of AAO-biofilter,which contribute to the theoretical foundation for practical nitrogen removal application.展开更多
To improve the catalytic performance of La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.2)Fe_(0.8)O_(3)(LSCF)towards carbon soot,we utilized the impregnation method to incorporate Ag into the prepared LSCF catalyst.We conducted a series of cha...To improve the catalytic performance of La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.2)Fe_(0.8)O_(3)(LSCF)towards carbon soot,we utilized the impregnation method to incorporate Ag into the prepared LSCF catalyst.We conducted a series of characterization tests and evaluated the soot catalytic activity of the composite catalyst by comparing it with the LaCoO_(3) group,LaFeO_(3) group,and catalyst-free group.The results indicate that the Ag-LSCF composite catalyst exhibits the highest soot catalytic activity,with the characteristic temperature values of 376.3,431.1,and 473.9℃at 10%,50%,and 90%carbon soot conversion,respectively.These values are 24.8,20.2,and 23.1℃lower than those of the LSCF group.This also shows that LSCF can improve the catalytic activity of soot after compounding with Ag,and reflects the necessity of using catalysts in soot combustion reaction.XPS characterization and BET test show that Ag-LSCF has more abundant surface-adsorbed oxygen species,larger specific surface area and pore volume than LSCF,which also proves that Ag-LSCF has higher soot catalytic activity.展开更多
Insufficient interfacial activity and poor wettability between fibers and matrix are the two main factors limiting the improvement of mechanical properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics(CFRP).Owl feathers are kn...Insufficient interfacial activity and poor wettability between fibers and matrix are the two main factors limiting the improvement of mechanical properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics(CFRP).Owl feathers are known for their unique compact structure;they are not only lightweight but also strong.In this study,an in-depth look at owl feathers was made and it found that owl feathers not only have the macro branches structure between feather shafts and branches but also have fine feather structures on the branches.The presence of these fine feather structures increases the specific surface area of the plume branches and allows neighboring plume branches to hook up with each other,forming an effective mechanical interlocking structure.These structures bring owl feathers excellent mechanical properties.Inspired by the natural structure of owl feathers,a weaving technique and a sizing process were combined to prepare bionic Carbon Fiber(CF)fabrics and then to fabricate the bionic CFRP with structural characteristics similar to owl feathers.To evaluate the effect of the fine feather structure on the mechanical properties of CFRP,a mechanical property study on CFRP with and without the fine feather imitation structure were conducted.The experimental results show that the introduction of the fine feather branch structure enhance the mechanical properties of CFRP significantly.Specifically,the tensile strength of the composites increased by 6.42%and 13.06%and the flexural strength increased by 8.02%and 16.87%in the 0°and 90°sample directions,respectively.These results provide a new design idea for the improvement of the mechanical properties of the CFRP,promoting the application of CFRP in engineering fields,such as automotive transportation,rail transit,aerospace,and construction.展开更多
The rising concern over electromagnetic (EM) pollution is re-sponsible for the rapid progress in EM interference (EMI) shielding and EM wave absorption in the last few years, and carbon materials with a large sur-face...The rising concern over electromagnetic (EM) pollution is re-sponsible for the rapid progress in EM interference (EMI) shielding and EM wave absorption in the last few years, and carbon materials with a large sur-face area and high porosity have been investigated. Compared to other car-bon materials, biomass-derived carbon (BC) are considered efficient and eco-friendly materials for this purpose. We summarize the recent advances in BC materials for both EMI shielding and EM wave absorption. After a brief overview of the synthesis strategies of BC materials and a precise out-line of EM wave interference, strategies for improving their EMI shielding and EM wave absorption are discussed. Finally, the existing challenges and the future prospects for such materials are briefly summarized.展开更多
The advancement of planar micro-supercapacitors(PMSCs)for micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS)has been significantly hindered by the challenge of achieving high energy and power densities.This study addresses this is...The advancement of planar micro-supercapacitors(PMSCs)for micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS)has been significantly hindered by the challenge of achieving high energy and power densities.This study addresses this issue by leveraging screen-printing technology to fabricate high-performance PMSCs using innovative composite ink.The ink,a synergistic blend of few-layer graphene(Gt),carbon black(CB),and NiCo_(2)O_(4),was meticulously mixed to form a conductive and robust coating that enhanced the capacitive performance of the PMSCs.The optimized ink formulation and printing process result in a micro-supercapacitor with an exceptional areal capacitance of 18.95 mF/cm^(2)and an areal energy density of 2.63μW·h/cm^(2)at a current density of 0.05 mA/cm^(2),along with an areal power density of 0.025 mW/cm^(2).The devices demonstrated impressive durability with a capacitance retention rate of 94.7%after a stringent 20000-cycle test,demonstrating their potential for long-term applications.Moreover,the PMSCs displayed excellent mechanical flexibility,with a capacitance decrease of only 3.43%after 5000 bending cycles,highlighting their suitability for flexible electronic devices.The ease of integrating these PMSCs into series and parallel configurations for customized power further underscores their practicality for integrated power supply solutions in various technologies.展开更多
Herein,nanosized Hf_(6)Ta_(2)O_(17) encapsulated graphite flakes were firstly constructed using the sol-gel method,then deposited on the surface of carbon/carbon(C/C)composites by plasma spraying technique to prolong ...Herein,nanosized Hf_(6)Ta_(2)O_(17) encapsulated graphite flakes were firstly constructed using the sol-gel method,then deposited on the surface of carbon/carbon(C/C)composites by plasma spraying technique to prolong their service span in critical environments.Nanoindentation results affirmed the active influ-ence of graphite flakes on elevating the toughness of the Hf_(6)Ta_(2)O_(17) coating.Besides,after being exposed to the oxyacetylene torch with a peak temperature of about 2000℃,the sample achieved near zero ab-lation(0.06 mg/s),meanwhile its porosity and mass ablation rate showed 39.5%and 60.0%reduction when compared to pure Hf_(6)Ta_(2)O_(17) sample.During exposure,the external Hf_(6)Ta_(2)O_(17) served as an oxy-gen barrier for internal graphite flakes,inversely internal graphite flakes provided a“pinning”effect on external Hf_(6)Ta_(2)O_(17),which accounted for its exceptional ablation performance.This work offers a new insight into the design of surface modification of C/C composites and other high-temperature structural materials.展开更多
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor is a core precursor for the preparation of high-performance carbon fibers. Its unique chemical structure and physical properties directly contributes to the microstructure and mechani...Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor is a core precursor for the preparation of high-performance carbon fibers. Its unique chemical structure and physical properties directly contributes to the microstructure and mechanical properties of carbon fibers, and therefore affect the overall performance of pultruded composites. This study systematically investigated the influence of PAN precursor properties on the degree of graphitization, surface morphology and mechanical properties of carbon fibers by regulating the molecular weight distribution, stretching ratio and impurity content of PAN precursor, and analyzed the mechanism of action of carbon fiber properties on the interfacial bonding strength and tensile/ bending properties of composites in combination with the pultrusion process. The results showed that when the filament stretchability was increased to 4.5 times, the axial orientation of carbon fibers increased by 18% and the tensile strength reached 520 MPa;Filaments with impurity content below 0.3% increase carbon fiber yield by 5.2% and interlaminar shear strength of composites by 23%. This study provides a theoretical basis for raw material screening and process optimization of high-performance carbon fibers and their composites.展开更多
This study successfully developed a series of carbon-sol-reinforced copper(Cu-CS)composite coatings by electrodeposition employing a superiorly dispersed carbon sol(CS)to avoid nanoparticle aggregation.The CS,characte...This study successfully developed a series of carbon-sol-reinforced copper(Cu-CS)composite coatings by electrodeposition employing a superiorly dispersed carbon sol(CS)to avoid nanoparticle aggregation.The CS,characterized using transmission electron microscopy and zeta potential analysis,consisted of carbon particles with an approximate diameter of 300 nm uniformly distributed in the electrolytes.The characteristics of the composite coatings were examined via scanning electron microscopy to observe its microstructures,X-ray diffraction to detect its phase constituents,and durability testing to determine the wear and corrosion resistance.Results indicated a significant improvement in coating thickness,density,and uniformity achieved for the Cu-CS composite coating with the addition of 20m L/L CS.Moreover,the Cu-CS composite coating exhibited a low wear volume(1.15×10^(-3)mm^(3)),a high hardness(HV_(0.5)137.1),and a low corrosion rate(0.191 mm/a).The significant contribution of carbon particles to the improvement of coating performance is mainly influenced by two factors,namely,the strengthening and lubricating effects resulting from the incorporated carbon particles.Nevertheless,overdosage of CS can compromise the microstructure of the Cu-CS composite coating,creating defects and undermining its functionality.展开更多
Carbon fiber/phenolic resin composites have great potential application in the field of electronic information,where excellent structural-functional integration is required.In this work,the establishment of interfacia...Carbon fiber/phenolic resin composites have great potential application in the field of electronic information,where excellent structural-functional integration is required.In this work,the establishment of interfacial structures consisting of carbon nanotubes with different morphologies at the fiber/matrix interface is conducive to the further modulation of the mechanical,tribological,electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding and thermal conductivity properties of carbon fiber/phenolic resin composites.Specially,array carbon nanotubes can deep into the resin matrix,effectively hindering crack extension,and constructing an electrically and thermally conductive network.Compared with the carbon fiber/phenolic composites,the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity(163.86±9.60 MPa,5.06±0.25 GPa)of the array carbon nanotubes reinforced carbon fiber/phenolic composites were enhanced by 57.09%and 22.22%.The average friction coefficient and wear rate(0.20±0.02,1.11×10^(-13)±0.13×10^(-13)m^(3)N^(−1)m^(−1))were reduced by 39.39%and 74.31%.EMI shielding effectiveness up to 40 dB in the X-band at 0.4 mm sample thickness,diffusion coefficient(0.39±0.003 mm^(2)/s)and thermal conductivity(0.54±0.004 W/(m K))were enhanced by up to 14.37%and 50.42%.This study reveals the beneficial effects of morphological changes of carbon nanotubes on the design of interfacial structure,proposes the reinforcement mechanism of array carbon nanotubes,and opens up the prospect of carbon fiber/phenolic composites for electronic applications.展开更多
Carbon nanotube-reinforced cement composites have gained significant attention due to their enhanced mechanical properties,particularly in compressive and flexural strength.Despite extensive research,the influence of ...Carbon nanotube-reinforced cement composites have gained significant attention due to their enhanced mechanical properties,particularly in compressive and flexural strength.Despite extensive research,the influence of various parameters on these properties remains inadequately understood,primarily due to the complex interactions within the composites.This study addresses this gap by employingmachine learning techniques to conduct a sensitivity analysis on the compressive and flexural strength of carbon nanotube-reinforced cement composites.It systematically evaluates nine data-preprocessing techniques and benchmarks eleven machine-learning algorithms to reveal tradeoffs between predictive accuracy and computational complexity,which has not previously been explored in carbon nanotube-reinforced cement composite research.In this regard,four main factors are considered in the sensitivity analysis,which are the machine learning model type,the data pre-processing technique,and the effect of the concrete constituent materials on the compressive and flexural strength both globally through feature importance assessment and locally through partial dependence analysis.Accordingly,this research optimizes ninety-nine models representing combinations of eleven machine learning algorithms and nine data preprocessing techniques to accurately predict the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube-reinforced cement composites.Moreover,the study aims to unravel the relationships between different parameters and their impact on the composite’s strength by utilizing feature importance and partial dependence analyses.This research is crucial as it provides a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing the performance of carbon nanotube-reinforced cement composites,which is vital for their efficient design and application in construction.The use of machine learning in this context not only enhances predictive accuracy but also offers insights that are often challenging to obtain through traditional experimental methods.The findings contribute to the field by highlighting the potential of advanced data-driven approaches in optimizing and understanding advanced composite materials,paving the way for more durable and resilient construction materials.展开更多
The wave-absorbing materials are kinds of special electromagnetic functional materials and have been widely used in electromagnetic pollution control and military fields.In-situ integrated hierarchical structure const...The wave-absorbing materials are kinds of special electromagnetic functional materials and have been widely used in electromagnetic pollution control and military fields.In-situ integrated hierarchical structure construction is thought as a promising route to improve the microwave absorption performance of the materials.In the present work,layer-structured Co-metal-organic frameworks(Co-MOFs)precursors were grown in-situ on the surface of carbon fibers with the hydrothermal method.After annealed at 500℃ under Ar atmosphere,a novel multiscale hierarchical composite(Co@C/CF)was obtained with the support of carbon fibers,keeping the flower-like structure.Scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscope,X-ray diffraction,Raman,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were performed to analyze the microstructure and composition of the hierarchical structure,and the microwave absorption performance of the Co@C/CF composites were investigated.The results showed that the growth of the flower-like structure on the surface of carbon fiber was closely related to the metal-to-ligand ratio.The optimized Co@C/CF flower-like composites achieved the best reflection loss of−55.7 dB in the low frequency band of 6–8 GHz at the thickness of 2.8 mm,with the corresponding effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 2.1 GHz.The EAB of 3.24 GHz was achieved in the high frequency range of 12–16 GHz when the thickness was 1.5 mm.The excellent microwave absorption performance was ascribed to the introduction of magnetic components and the construction of the unique structure.The flower-like structure not only balanced the impedance of the fibers themselves,but also extended the propagation path of the microwave and then increased the multiple reflection losses.This work provides a convenient method for the design and development of wave-absorbing composites with in-situ integrated structure.展开更多
Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have garnered great attention in recent years due to their outstanding electrical,thermal,and mechanical properties.The incorporation of small amounts of CNTs in polymers can substantially improv...Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have garnered great attention in recent years due to their outstanding electrical,thermal,and mechanical properties.The incorporation of small amounts of CNTs in polymers can substantially improve the sensitivity of the polymer's electrical conductivity.This paper presents a modified Maxwell model to evaluate the electrical conductivity of CNTs-filled polymer composites by introducing a transition zone to account for the tunneling effect.In this modified Maxwell model,the CNTs-filled polymer composite is modeled as a three-phase composite,consisting of a matrix(polymer),inclusions(CNTs),and a transition zone(tunneling zone).The effective electrical conductivity(EEC)of the composite is calculated based on the volume fractions and electrical conductivities of the matrix,inclusions,and transition zone.The model's validity is confirmed through the use of available test data,which demonstrates its capability to accurately capture the nonlinear conductivity behavior observed in CNTs-polymer composites.This study offers valuable insights into the design of high-performance conductive polymer nanocomposites,and enhances the understanding of electrical conduction mechanisms in CNT-dispersed polymer composites.展开更多
This study proposes a pre-strain optimization strategy for carbon fiber structural lithium-ion battery(SLIB) composites to inhibit the interfacial debonding between carbon fibers and solid-state electrolytes due to fi...This study proposes a pre-strain optimization strategy for carbon fiber structural lithium-ion battery(SLIB) composites to inhibit the interfacial debonding between carbon fibers and solid-state electrolytes due to fiber lithiation. Through an analytical shear-lag model and finite element simulations, it is demonstrated that applying tensile pre-strain to carbon fibers before electrode assembly effectively reduces the interfacial shear stress, thereby suppressing debonding. However, the excessive pre-strain can induce the interfacial damage in the unlithiated state, necessitating careful control of the pre-strain within a feasible range. This range is influenced by electrode material properties and geometric parameters. Specifically, the electrodes with the higher solid-state electrolyte elastic modulus and larger electrolyte volume fraction exhibit more significant interfacial damage, making pre-strain application increasingly critical. However, these conditions also impose stricter constraints on the feasible pre-strain range. By elucidating the interplay between pre-strain, material properties, and geometric factors, this study provides valuable insights for optimizing the design of carbon fiber SLIBs.展开更多
The automobile industry is the first to form a typical representative of the global industry in modern industry,with the increase of the national emphasis on the environment,the automobile industry was regarded as an ...The automobile industry is the first to form a typical representative of the global industry in modern industry,with the increase of the national emphasis on the environment,the automobile industry was regarded as an important energy consumption and one of the sources of environmental pollution,the policy of energy conservation and emission reduction requirements for the automobile industry are becoming stricter over the years,energy conservation and emission reduction has becomes the main direction of product optimization in the automobile industry in recent years.Due of a series of excellent properties such as light weight and high strength,composite materials have become the main material for the development of lightweight vehicles.With the development of material technology and the update and iteration of manufacturing technology,composite materials are currently popular being adopted in the automotive field.展开更多
In this study,different types of small molecular carbon sources such as melamine,dicyandiamine,pyrocatechol,and o-phenylenediamine were used to regulate the surface structures of iron/nitrogen/carbonbased composites(F...In this study,different types of small molecular carbon sources such as melamine,dicyandiamine,pyrocatechol,and o-phenylenediamine were used to regulate the surface structures of iron/nitrogen/carbonbased composites(Fe-N/C),which were used to activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS).The relationship between different small molecular carbon sources and the electronic structure was investigated.The characteristics of metal-carrier interaction in the Fe-N/C were clarified.As a result,there were significant differences in the degradation efficiency of catalysts prepared with different small molecular carbon sources,which was related to the types of active sites.Density functional theory(DFT)and experiments results showed that the catalyst rich in C-O-C and FeN_(x)exhibited better catalytic activity,which may be attributed to the higher adsorption energy for PMS.The main active species for catalytic degradation of ofloxacin were identified as sulfate radical(SO_(4)^(·-))and hydroxyl radical(^(·)OH)by electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)spectra.The introduction of different small molecular carbon sources can significantly affect the distribution and electronic structure of active sites on the catalyst surface,thereby regulating the generation and migration of radicals.展开更多
In thermal protection structures,controlling and optimizing the surface roughness of carbon/phenolic(C/Ph)composites can effectively improve thermal protection performance and ensure the safe operation of carriers in ...In thermal protection structures,controlling and optimizing the surface roughness of carbon/phenolic(C/Ph)composites can effectively improve thermal protection performance and ensure the safe operation of carriers in high-temperature environments.This paper introduces a machine learning(ML)framework to forecast the surface roughness of carbon-phenolic composites under various thermal conditions by employing an ML algorithm derived from historical experimental datasets.Firstly,ablation experiments and collection of surface roughness height data of C/Ph composites under different thermal environments were conducted in an electric arc wind tunnel.Then,an ML model based on Ridge regression is developed for surface roughness prediction.The model involves incorporating feature engineering to choose the most concise and pertinent features,as well as developing an ML model.The ML model considers thermal environment parameters and feature screened by feature engineering as inputs,and predicts the surface height as the output.The results demonstrate that the suggested ML framework effectively anticipates the surface shape and associated surface roughness parameters in various heat flow conditions.Compared with the conventional 3D confocal microscope scanning,the method can obtain the surface topography information of the same area in a much shorter time,thus significantly saving time and cost.展开更多
The poor surface antibacterial properties are one of the important factors limiting the application of Carbon Fibers Reinforced Polyetheretherketone (CFR-P) composites as artificial bone replace materials. Some of the...The poor surface antibacterial properties are one of the important factors limiting the application of Carbon Fibers Reinforced Polyetheretherketone (CFR-P) composites as artificial bone replace materials. Some of the Two-Dimensional (2D) nanomaterials with unique lamellar structures and biological properties have been demonstrated to have excellent antibacterial properties. Antibacterial properties can be improved by feasible chemical strategies for preparing 2D nanomaterials coating on the surface of CFR-P. In this work, Black Phosphorus (BP) coating was prepared on the originally chemically inert CFR-P surface based on wet chemical pretreatment. The physical and chemical properties, including surface microstructure, chemical composition and state, roughness and hydrophilicity were characterized. The antibacterial ratios against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) were evaluated. The results indicated that hydrophilicity of BP coating on CFR-P was significantly higher compared to that of the pure CFR-P. Wet chemical pretreatment using mixed acid reagents (concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid) introduced hydroxyl, carboxyl and nitro groups on CFR-P. The BP coating exhibited the antibacterial rate of over 98% against both S. aureus and E. coli. In addition, the antibacterial rate of BP coating against the main pathogenic bacteria of dental caries, Streptococcus mutans, reached 45%.展开更多
3D printing has emerged as an advanced manufacturing technique for carbon fiber reinforced composites and relevant structures that endure significant dynamic loads in engineering applications.The dynamic behavior of t...3D printing has emerged as an advanced manufacturing technique for carbon fiber reinforced composites and relevant structures that endure significant dynamic loads in engineering applications.The dynamic behavior of these materials,primarily influenced by the dynamic fiber pullout interface strength necessitates investigation into the rate-dependent fiber/matrix interfacial strength.This study modifies a Hopkinson tension bar to conduct dynamic pullout tests on a single fiber bundle,utilizing a low-impedance bar and an in-situ calibrated semiconductor strain gauge to capture weak stress signals.Stress equilibrium analyses are performed to validate the transient dynamic loading on single fiber bundle specimens.The results reveal that the fiber/matrix interfacial strength is rate-dependent,increasing with the loading rate,while remaining unaffected by the embedded length.Fracture microstructural analyses show minimal fiber pullout due to high interfacial stresses induced by longer embedded lengths.Lastly,suggestions are made for the efficient design of fiber pullout experiments.展开更多
Solar interfacial evaporation(SIE),is currently one of the most potential water supply technologies in the remote,insular,and disaster-stricken areas.However,the existence of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in water d...Solar interfacial evaporation(SIE),is currently one of the most potential water supply technologies in the remote,insular,and disaster-stricken areas.However,the existence of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in water deteriorates the distillate quality,threatening human health.Herein,we constructed a carbonbased bimetallic(C/FeCo)photothermal membrane by electrospinning technique.Results illustrated that the membrane can catalytically degrade VOCs during SIE with persulfate(PDS)mediation.PDS,as well as phenol,was mainly reacted on the interface of the photothermal membrane instead of in the bulk solution.The interception efficiency of phenol achieved nearly 100%using the C/FeCo membrane during SIE.Hydroxyl radical(•OH),sulfate radical(SO_(4)•−),superoxide radical(O_(2)•−),and singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2))were identified as the main active substances to degrade VOCs.We also conducted SIE experiments using actual river water to evaluate the practical performance of the C/FeCo membrane.This work holds the promise of VOCs interception during SIE and enlarges the application of solar distillation in water/wastewater treatment.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51972045)the Foundation of Yangtze Delta Region Institute(HuZhou)of UESTC(No.U03210030)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for Chinese Central Universities,China(No.ZYGX2019J025)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2021YFG0373)。
文摘With the rapid development of electronic information technology,the waste electromagnetic radiation generated by the wireless and various other electronic devices has caused serious harm to human health.The development of high-efficiency flexible electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials has become one of the most effective ways to mitigate the increasingly serious problem of electromagnetic pollution.Flexible carbon fiber composites possess most of the physical requirements needed for EMI shielding applications,including high electrical conductivity,large specific surface area,light weight,flexibility,porous structure,and adjustable physical and chemical properties,and various morphology of carbon fibers-based composites applied EMI.In this review,the primary EMI shielding mechanism of carbonfiber-based materials is presented.Since carbon fiber suffers from a low absorption efficiency when used for EMI shielding by itself,it is usually combined with additional EMI filling materials.Therefore,the methods of adding EMI filler materials to the carbon fiber framework and the influence of different fillers on the EMI shielding performance are also discussed.In addition,the novel structural designs of flexible carbon fiber-based EMI shielding materials,including fiber orientation,core-shell structure,and multilayer heterostructure,are summarized in terms of their classification,which includes composites with metal,polymer,nano-carbon,and MXenes.The review concludes with a brief discussion of the challenges,research directions,and future prospects of carbon-fiber-based EMI shielding materials.
基金supported by the Special Funds for Chengde national innovation demonstration area construction of science and technology special project sustainable development agenda(No.202104F001)the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2019YFC0408602).
文摘Nitrogen removal from domestic sewage is usually limited by insufficient carbon source and electron donor.An economical solid carbon source was developed by composition of polyvinyl alcohol,sodium alginate,and corncob,which was utilized as external carbon source in the anaerobic anoxic oxic(AAO)-biofilter for the treatment of low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio domestic sewage,and the nitrogen removal was remarkably improved from 63.2%to 96.5%.Furthermore,the effluent chemical oxygen demand maintained at 35 mg/L or even lower,and the total nitrogenwas reduced to less than 2mg/L.Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that the microbial communities responsible for potential denitrification and organic matter degradation in both AAO and the biofilter reactors were mainly composed of Proteobacteria and Bacteroides,respectively.The solid carbon source addition resulted in relatively high abundance of functional enzymes responsible for NO_(3)^(−)-N to NO_(2)^(−)-N con-version in both AAO and the biofilter reactors,thus enabled stable reaction.The carbon source addition during glycolysis primarily led to the increase of genes associated with the metabolic conversion of fructose 1.6P2 to glycerol-3P The reactor maintained high abun-dance of genes related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle,and then guaranteed efficient carbon metabolism.The results indicate that the composite carbon source is feasible for denitri-fication enhancement of AAO-biofilter,which contribute to the theoretical foundation for practical nitrogen removal application.
文摘To improve the catalytic performance of La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.2)Fe_(0.8)O_(3)(LSCF)towards carbon soot,we utilized the impregnation method to incorporate Ag into the prepared LSCF catalyst.We conducted a series of characterization tests and evaluated the soot catalytic activity of the composite catalyst by comparing it with the LaCoO_(3) group,LaFeO_(3) group,and catalyst-free group.The results indicate that the Ag-LSCF composite catalyst exhibits the highest soot catalytic activity,with the characteristic temperature values of 376.3,431.1,and 473.9℃at 10%,50%,and 90%carbon soot conversion,respectively.These values are 24.8,20.2,and 23.1℃lower than those of the LSCF group.This also shows that LSCF can improve the catalytic activity of soot after compounding with Ag,and reflects the necessity of using catalysts in soot combustion reaction.XPS characterization and BET test show that Ag-LSCF has more abundant surface-adsorbed oxygen species,larger specific surface area and pore volume than LSCF,which also proves that Ag-LSCF has higher soot catalytic activity.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province(No.20240101122JC)and(No.20240101143JC)the Key Scientific and Technological Research and Development Projects of Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department(Grant Number 20230201108GX)。
文摘Insufficient interfacial activity and poor wettability between fibers and matrix are the two main factors limiting the improvement of mechanical properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics(CFRP).Owl feathers are known for their unique compact structure;they are not only lightweight but also strong.In this study,an in-depth look at owl feathers was made and it found that owl feathers not only have the macro branches structure between feather shafts and branches but also have fine feather structures on the branches.The presence of these fine feather structures increases the specific surface area of the plume branches and allows neighboring plume branches to hook up with each other,forming an effective mechanical interlocking structure.These structures bring owl feathers excellent mechanical properties.Inspired by the natural structure of owl feathers,a weaving technique and a sizing process were combined to prepare bionic Carbon Fiber(CF)fabrics and then to fabricate the bionic CFRP with structural characteristics similar to owl feathers.To evaluate the effect of the fine feather structure on the mechanical properties of CFRP,a mechanical property study on CFRP with and without the fine feather imitation structure were conducted.The experimental results show that the introduction of the fine feather branch structure enhance the mechanical properties of CFRP significantly.Specifically,the tensile strength of the composites increased by 6.42%and 13.06%and the flexural strength increased by 8.02%and 16.87%in the 0°and 90°sample directions,respectively.These results provide a new design idea for the improvement of the mechanical properties of the CFRP,promoting the application of CFRP in engineering fields,such as automotive transportation,rail transit,aerospace,and construction.
基金Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF), Department of Science & Technology (DST), New Delhi, India under Ramanujan award (SB/S2/RJN-159/2017)。
文摘The rising concern over electromagnetic (EM) pollution is re-sponsible for the rapid progress in EM interference (EMI) shielding and EM wave absorption in the last few years, and carbon materials with a large sur-face area and high porosity have been investigated. Compared to other car-bon materials, biomass-derived carbon (BC) are considered efficient and eco-friendly materials for this purpose. We summarize the recent advances in BC materials for both EMI shielding and EM wave absorption. After a brief overview of the synthesis strategies of BC materials and a precise out-line of EM wave interference, strategies for improving their EMI shielding and EM wave absorption are discussed. Finally, the existing challenges and the future prospects for such materials are briefly summarized.
基金supported by the Shanxi Province Central Guidance Fund for Local Science and Technology Development Project(YDZJSX2024D030)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075197,22278290)+2 种基金the Shanxi Province Key Research and Development Program Project(2021020660301013)the Shanxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(202103021224079)the Research and Development Project of Key Core and Common Technology of Shanxi Province(20201102018).
文摘The advancement of planar micro-supercapacitors(PMSCs)for micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS)has been significantly hindered by the challenge of achieving high energy and power densities.This study addresses this issue by leveraging screen-printing technology to fabricate high-performance PMSCs using innovative composite ink.The ink,a synergistic blend of few-layer graphene(Gt),carbon black(CB),and NiCo_(2)O_(4),was meticulously mixed to form a conductive and robust coating that enhanced the capacitive performance of the PMSCs.The optimized ink formulation and printing process result in a micro-supercapacitor with an exceptional areal capacitance of 18.95 mF/cm^(2)and an areal energy density of 2.63μW·h/cm^(2)at a current density of 0.05 mA/cm^(2),along with an areal power density of 0.025 mW/cm^(2).The devices demonstrated impressive durability with a capacitance retention rate of 94.7%after a stringent 20000-cycle test,demonstrating their potential for long-term applications.Moreover,the PMSCs displayed excellent mechanical flexibility,with a capacitance decrease of only 3.43%after 5000 bending cycles,highlighting their suitability for flexible electronic devices.The ease of integrating these PMSCs into series and parallel configurations for customized power further underscores their practicality for integrated power supply solutions in various technologies.
基金supported by the Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation of Northwestern Polytechnical University(Grant No.CX2021006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.91860203,51727804,and 52130205)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.3102019TS0409).
文摘Herein,nanosized Hf_(6)Ta_(2)O_(17) encapsulated graphite flakes were firstly constructed using the sol-gel method,then deposited on the surface of carbon/carbon(C/C)composites by plasma spraying technique to prolong their service span in critical environments.Nanoindentation results affirmed the active influ-ence of graphite flakes on elevating the toughness of the Hf_(6)Ta_(2)O_(17) coating.Besides,after being exposed to the oxyacetylene torch with a peak temperature of about 2000℃,the sample achieved near zero ab-lation(0.06 mg/s),meanwhile its porosity and mass ablation rate showed 39.5%and 60.0%reduction when compared to pure Hf_(6)Ta_(2)O_(17) sample.During exposure,the external Hf_(6)Ta_(2)O_(17) served as an oxy-gen barrier for internal graphite flakes,inversely internal graphite flakes provided a“pinning”effect on external Hf_(6)Ta_(2)O_(17),which accounted for its exceptional ablation performance.This work offers a new insight into the design of surface modification of C/C composites and other high-temperature structural materials.
文摘Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor is a core precursor for the preparation of high-performance carbon fibers. Its unique chemical structure and physical properties directly contributes to the microstructure and mechanical properties of carbon fibers, and therefore affect the overall performance of pultruded composites. This study systematically investigated the influence of PAN precursor properties on the degree of graphitization, surface morphology and mechanical properties of carbon fibers by regulating the molecular weight distribution, stretching ratio and impurity content of PAN precursor, and analyzed the mechanism of action of carbon fiber properties on the interfacial bonding strength and tensile/ bending properties of composites in combination with the pultrusion process. The results showed that when the filament stretchability was increased to 4.5 times, the axial orientation of carbon fibers increased by 18% and the tensile strength reached 520 MPa;Filaments with impurity content below 0.3% increase carbon fiber yield by 5.2% and interlaminar shear strength of composites by 23%. This study provides a theoretical basis for raw material screening and process optimization of high-performance carbon fibers and their composites.
基金financially supported by the Jiangsu Provincial Outstanding Overseas Talent Project,China(No.BX2023029)the Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Fund Research Project,China(No.BK20211344)+2 种基金the Project of Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology,Chinathe Jiangsu Provincial Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program,China(No.KYCX22_3795)the Jiangsu Provincial Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program,China(No.SJCX23_2171)。
文摘This study successfully developed a series of carbon-sol-reinforced copper(Cu-CS)composite coatings by electrodeposition employing a superiorly dispersed carbon sol(CS)to avoid nanoparticle aggregation.The CS,characterized using transmission electron microscopy and zeta potential analysis,consisted of carbon particles with an approximate diameter of 300 nm uniformly distributed in the electrolytes.The characteristics of the composite coatings were examined via scanning electron microscopy to observe its microstructures,X-ray diffraction to detect its phase constituents,and durability testing to determine the wear and corrosion resistance.Results indicated a significant improvement in coating thickness,density,and uniformity achieved for the Cu-CS composite coating with the addition of 20m L/L CS.Moreover,the Cu-CS composite coating exhibited a low wear volume(1.15×10^(-3)mm^(3)),a high hardness(HV_(0.5)137.1),and a low corrosion rate(0.191 mm/a).The significant contribution of carbon particles to the improvement of coating performance is mainly influenced by two factors,namely,the strengthening and lubricating effects resulting from the incorporated carbon particles.Nevertheless,overdosage of CS can compromise the microstructure of the Cu-CS composite coating,creating defects and undermining its functionality.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51872232)the Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Research Team of Shaanxi Province(No.2022TD-31)the Key R&D Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2021ZDLGY14-04).
文摘Carbon fiber/phenolic resin composites have great potential application in the field of electronic information,where excellent structural-functional integration is required.In this work,the establishment of interfacial structures consisting of carbon nanotubes with different morphologies at the fiber/matrix interface is conducive to the further modulation of the mechanical,tribological,electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding and thermal conductivity properties of carbon fiber/phenolic resin composites.Specially,array carbon nanotubes can deep into the resin matrix,effectively hindering crack extension,and constructing an electrically and thermally conductive network.Compared with the carbon fiber/phenolic composites,the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity(163.86±9.60 MPa,5.06±0.25 GPa)of the array carbon nanotubes reinforced carbon fiber/phenolic composites were enhanced by 57.09%and 22.22%.The average friction coefficient and wear rate(0.20±0.02,1.11×10^(-13)±0.13×10^(-13)m^(3)N^(−1)m^(−1))were reduced by 39.39%and 74.31%.EMI shielding effectiveness up to 40 dB in the X-band at 0.4 mm sample thickness,diffusion coefficient(0.39±0.003 mm^(2)/s)and thermal conductivity(0.54±0.004 W/(m K))were enhanced by up to 14.37%and 50.42%.This study reveals the beneficial effects of morphological changes of carbon nanotubes on the design of interfacial structure,proposes the reinforcement mechanism of array carbon nanotubes,and opens up the prospect of carbon fiber/phenolic composites for electronic applications.
文摘Carbon nanotube-reinforced cement composites have gained significant attention due to their enhanced mechanical properties,particularly in compressive and flexural strength.Despite extensive research,the influence of various parameters on these properties remains inadequately understood,primarily due to the complex interactions within the composites.This study addresses this gap by employingmachine learning techniques to conduct a sensitivity analysis on the compressive and flexural strength of carbon nanotube-reinforced cement composites.It systematically evaluates nine data-preprocessing techniques and benchmarks eleven machine-learning algorithms to reveal tradeoffs between predictive accuracy and computational complexity,which has not previously been explored in carbon nanotube-reinforced cement composite research.In this regard,four main factors are considered in the sensitivity analysis,which are the machine learning model type,the data pre-processing technique,and the effect of the concrete constituent materials on the compressive and flexural strength both globally through feature importance assessment and locally through partial dependence analysis.Accordingly,this research optimizes ninety-nine models representing combinations of eleven machine learning algorithms and nine data preprocessing techniques to accurately predict the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube-reinforced cement composites.Moreover,the study aims to unravel the relationships between different parameters and their impact on the composite’s strength by utilizing feature importance and partial dependence analyses.This research is crucial as it provides a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing the performance of carbon nanotube-reinforced cement composites,which is vital for their efficient design and application in construction.The use of machine learning in this context not only enhances predictive accuracy but also offers insights that are often challenging to obtain through traditional experimental methods.The findings contribute to the field by highlighting the potential of advanced data-driven approaches in optimizing and understanding advanced composite materials,paving the way for more durable and resilient construction materials.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science of Foundation of China(No.52371097)the Shenyang Unveiling and Leading Project,China(No.22-301-1-01)。
文摘The wave-absorbing materials are kinds of special electromagnetic functional materials and have been widely used in electromagnetic pollution control and military fields.In-situ integrated hierarchical structure construction is thought as a promising route to improve the microwave absorption performance of the materials.In the present work,layer-structured Co-metal-organic frameworks(Co-MOFs)precursors were grown in-situ on the surface of carbon fibers with the hydrothermal method.After annealed at 500℃ under Ar atmosphere,a novel multiscale hierarchical composite(Co@C/CF)was obtained with the support of carbon fibers,keeping the flower-like structure.Scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscope,X-ray diffraction,Raman,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were performed to analyze the microstructure and composition of the hierarchical structure,and the microwave absorption performance of the Co@C/CF composites were investigated.The results showed that the growth of the flower-like structure on the surface of carbon fiber was closely related to the metal-to-ligand ratio.The optimized Co@C/CF flower-like composites achieved the best reflection loss of−55.7 dB in the low frequency band of 6–8 GHz at the thickness of 2.8 mm,with the corresponding effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 2.1 GHz.The EAB of 3.24 GHz was achieved in the high frequency range of 12–16 GHz when the thickness was 1.5 mm.The excellent microwave absorption performance was ascribed to the introduction of magnetic components and the construction of the unique structure.The flower-like structure not only balanced the impedance of the fibers themselves,but also extended the propagation path of the microwave and then increased the multiple reflection losses.This work provides a convenient method for the design and development of wave-absorbing composites with in-situ integrated structure.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11972203 and 11572162)the Science and Technology Innovation 2025 Major Project of Ningbo City of China(No.2022Z209)Ningbo Key Technology Breakthrough Plan Project of“Science and Technology Innovation Yongjiang 2035”(No.2024Z256)。
文摘Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have garnered great attention in recent years due to their outstanding electrical,thermal,and mechanical properties.The incorporation of small amounts of CNTs in polymers can substantially improve the sensitivity of the polymer's electrical conductivity.This paper presents a modified Maxwell model to evaluate the electrical conductivity of CNTs-filled polymer composites by introducing a transition zone to account for the tunneling effect.In this modified Maxwell model,the CNTs-filled polymer composite is modeled as a three-phase composite,consisting of a matrix(polymer),inclusions(CNTs),and a transition zone(tunneling zone).The effective electrical conductivity(EEC)of the composite is calculated based on the volume fractions and electrical conductivities of the matrix,inclusions,and transition zone.The model's validity is confirmed through the use of available test data,which demonstrates its capability to accurately capture the nonlinear conductivity behavior observed in CNTs-polymer composites.This study offers valuable insights into the design of high-performance conductive polymer nanocomposites,and enhances the understanding of electrical conduction mechanisms in CNT-dispersed polymer composites.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12172205,12072183,12102244,and 12472174)。
文摘This study proposes a pre-strain optimization strategy for carbon fiber structural lithium-ion battery(SLIB) composites to inhibit the interfacial debonding between carbon fibers and solid-state electrolytes due to fiber lithiation. Through an analytical shear-lag model and finite element simulations, it is demonstrated that applying tensile pre-strain to carbon fibers before electrode assembly effectively reduces the interfacial shear stress, thereby suppressing debonding. However, the excessive pre-strain can induce the interfacial damage in the unlithiated state, necessitating careful control of the pre-strain within a feasible range. This range is influenced by electrode material properties and geometric parameters. Specifically, the electrodes with the higher solid-state electrolyte elastic modulus and larger electrolyte volume fraction exhibit more significant interfacial damage, making pre-strain application increasingly critical. However, these conditions also impose stricter constraints on the feasible pre-strain range. By elucidating the interplay between pre-strain, material properties, and geometric factors, this study provides valuable insights for optimizing the design of carbon fiber SLIBs.
文摘The automobile industry is the first to form a typical representative of the global industry in modern industry,with the increase of the national emphasis on the environment,the automobile industry was regarded as an important energy consumption and one of the sources of environmental pollution,the policy of energy conservation and emission reduction requirements for the automobile industry are becoming stricter over the years,energy conservation and emission reduction has becomes the main direction of product optimization in the automobile industry in recent years.Due of a series of excellent properties such as light weight and high strength,composite materials have become the main material for the development of lightweight vehicles.With the development of material technology and the update and iteration of manufacturing technology,composite materials are currently popular being adopted in the automotive field.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52170086,52300056)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2021ME013,ZR202211280298)。
文摘In this study,different types of small molecular carbon sources such as melamine,dicyandiamine,pyrocatechol,and o-phenylenediamine were used to regulate the surface structures of iron/nitrogen/carbonbased composites(Fe-N/C),which were used to activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS).The relationship between different small molecular carbon sources and the electronic structure was investigated.The characteristics of metal-carrier interaction in the Fe-N/C were clarified.As a result,there were significant differences in the degradation efficiency of catalysts prepared with different small molecular carbon sources,which was related to the types of active sites.Density functional theory(DFT)and experiments results showed that the catalyst rich in C-O-C and FeN_(x)exhibited better catalytic activity,which may be attributed to the higher adsorption energy for PMS.The main active species for catalytic degradation of ofloxacin were identified as sulfate radical(SO_(4)^(·-))and hydroxyl radical(^(·)OH)by electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)spectra.The introduction of different small molecular carbon sources can significantly affect the distribution and electronic structure of active sites on the catalyst surface,thereby regulating the generation and migration of radicals.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U2241240,12172045,and 12221002).
文摘In thermal protection structures,controlling and optimizing the surface roughness of carbon/phenolic(C/Ph)composites can effectively improve thermal protection performance and ensure the safe operation of carriers in high-temperature environments.This paper introduces a machine learning(ML)framework to forecast the surface roughness of carbon-phenolic composites under various thermal conditions by employing an ML algorithm derived from historical experimental datasets.Firstly,ablation experiments and collection of surface roughness height data of C/Ph composites under different thermal environments were conducted in an electric arc wind tunnel.Then,an ML model based on Ridge regression is developed for surface roughness prediction.The model involves incorporating feature engineering to choose the most concise and pertinent features,as well as developing an ML model.The ML model considers thermal environment parameters and feature screened by feature engineering as inputs,and predicts the surface height as the output.The results demonstrate that the suggested ML framework effectively anticipates the surface shape and associated surface roughness parameters in various heat flow conditions.Compared with the conventional 3D confocal microscope scanning,the method can obtain the surface topography information of the same area in a much shorter time,thus significantly saving time and cost.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61971301)In part by the Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Shanxi Province under Grant YDZJSX2021A018+1 种基金Shanxi Province Higher Education Science and Technology Innovation Plan Project(2022L060)the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(Nos.202203021212227,202303021212082).
文摘The poor surface antibacterial properties are one of the important factors limiting the application of Carbon Fibers Reinforced Polyetheretherketone (CFR-P) composites as artificial bone replace materials. Some of the Two-Dimensional (2D) nanomaterials with unique lamellar structures and biological properties have been demonstrated to have excellent antibacterial properties. Antibacterial properties can be improved by feasible chemical strategies for preparing 2D nanomaterials coating on the surface of CFR-P. In this work, Black Phosphorus (BP) coating was prepared on the originally chemically inert CFR-P surface based on wet chemical pretreatment. The physical and chemical properties, including surface microstructure, chemical composition and state, roughness and hydrophilicity were characterized. The antibacterial ratios against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) were evaluated. The results indicated that hydrophilicity of BP coating on CFR-P was significantly higher compared to that of the pure CFR-P. Wet chemical pretreatment using mixed acid reagents (concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid) introduced hydroxyl, carboxyl and nitro groups on CFR-P. The BP coating exhibited the antibacterial rate of over 98% against both S. aureus and E. coli. In addition, the antibacterial rate of BP coating against the main pathogenic bacteria of dental caries, Streptococcus mutans, reached 45%.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-GHZD-12)the Chinese Aeronautical Establishment Aeronautical Science Foundation(No.20230041053006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12472392 and 12172304).
文摘3D printing has emerged as an advanced manufacturing technique for carbon fiber reinforced composites and relevant structures that endure significant dynamic loads in engineering applications.The dynamic behavior of these materials,primarily influenced by the dynamic fiber pullout interface strength necessitates investigation into the rate-dependent fiber/matrix interfacial strength.This study modifies a Hopkinson tension bar to conduct dynamic pullout tests on a single fiber bundle,utilizing a low-impedance bar and an in-situ calibrated semiconductor strain gauge to capture weak stress signals.Stress equilibrium analyses are performed to validate the transient dynamic loading on single fiber bundle specimens.The results reveal that the fiber/matrix interfacial strength is rate-dependent,increasing with the loading rate,while remaining unaffected by the embedded length.Fracture microstructural analyses show minimal fiber pullout due to high interfacial stresses induced by longer embedded lengths.Lastly,suggestions are made for the efficient design of fiber pullout experiments.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52070052)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52300082)+3 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3805903)the State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment in HIT of China(No.2022TS14)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M730881)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(No.GZB20230964)。
文摘Solar interfacial evaporation(SIE),is currently one of the most potential water supply technologies in the remote,insular,and disaster-stricken areas.However,the existence of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in water deteriorates the distillate quality,threatening human health.Herein,we constructed a carbonbased bimetallic(C/FeCo)photothermal membrane by electrospinning technique.Results illustrated that the membrane can catalytically degrade VOCs during SIE with persulfate(PDS)mediation.PDS,as well as phenol,was mainly reacted on the interface of the photothermal membrane instead of in the bulk solution.The interception efficiency of phenol achieved nearly 100%using the C/FeCo membrane during SIE.Hydroxyl radical(•OH),sulfate radical(SO_(4)•−),superoxide radical(O_(2)•−),and singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2))were identified as the main active substances to degrade VOCs.We also conducted SIE experiments using actual river water to evaluate the practical performance of the C/FeCo membrane.This work holds the promise of VOCs interception during SIE and enlarges the application of solar distillation in water/wastewater treatment.
