The Historic Conservation District(HCD) is an important target for urban heritage protection in China. The spatial characteristics of its road system,formed before the appearance of automobile,do not adapt to the car ...The Historic Conservation District(HCD) is an important target for urban heritage protection in China. The spatial characteristics of its road system,formed before the appearance of automobile,do not adapt to the car traffic. In the context of very rapid motorization in Chinese cities,the increase in car traffic brings an inevitable trouble for the protection of HCDs. Road widening and pedestrianization are two popular solutions to this problem in current practices; however,both of them may lead to negative consequences. Inspired by the development of Zone 30 in European cities,this paper firstly cleared up first some misunderstandings of the concept of traffic calming,then taking the inner city of Paris as an example,explained how traffic calming measures can be implemented in HCDs and what effects will be generated. Finally,it discussed the possible application of traffic calming measures in HCDs projects in China and pointed out the specific situations of Chinese cities to which the planners should pay more attention.展开更多
Speed management is an essential tool in ensuring the improved safety of users of urban roads, particularly vulnerable users. It relies on several measures： awareness campaigns, speed control, as well as the developm...Speed management is an essential tool in ensuring the improved safety of users of urban roads, particularly vulnerable users. It relies on several measures： awareness campaigns, speed control, as well as the development and operation of the road infrastructure. Municipalities in Quebec are increasingly resorting to the development of traffic calming measures, and are facing numerous questions concerning their installation and their effectiveness. To respond to this need, the ministere des Transports du Quebec （Quebec Department of Transport） has begun publishing a series of fact sheets on a variety of traffic calming measures, including speed humps and speed cushions, raised crosswalks and intersections, neckdowns, centre islands and chicanes. A general fact sheet introduces all of the measures and notably outlines the procedure for pre-implementation analysis. Each fact sheet dedicated to an individual measure outlines the implementation context, advantages and disadvantages, geometric characteristics, effectiveness at reducing speed, and maintenance requirements, including winter maintenance. Two fact sheets are already published： the general fact sheet and the fact sheet on speed humps and speed cushions. The fact sheets as well as examples of measures implemented in municipalities are available on the minist6re＇s web site under Partenaires-Municipalites-Securite routiere.展开更多
Traffic calming devices become more favorable for many cities to manage traffic in urban as well as neighborhood areas. Many developing cities already initiated the implementation, while the process has a wide variati...Traffic calming devices become more favorable for many cities to manage traffic in urban as well as neighborhood areas. Many developing cities already initiated the implementation, while the process has a wide variation in both quality and quantity. The objective of this study is to evaluate the justification of speed humps in urban roads and also to recommend a guideline for installation of speed humps as a traffic calming device in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. It was found that there are vast variations in the implementation, while general public also express an immense disparity of perception about devices quality and suitability and their agreement. Lesson learned from Dhaka City shows that selecting an appropriate placement and dimension of the traffic humps is an urgent requirement to be solved by government by providing standards, guidelines, and policy when there is an initiative to implement or improve traffic calming application.展开更多
With an increasingly number of cars on campus, the campus is faced with challenges of traffic order and safety. This paper, based on traffic calming and practical experience, took the Xipu campus of Southwest Jiaotong...With an increasingly number of cars on campus, the campus is faced with challenges of traffic order and safety. This paper, based on traffic calming and practical experience, took the Xipu campus of Southwest Jiaotong University as an example. Grounded on the traffic situation and characteristics of Xipu campus, the study analyzed the concept of traffic calming and its engineering measures, put forward traffic calming design scheme for Qiuhua Road on the Xipu campus with practical application of campus traffic characteristics, and stated the significance of campus traffic calming for its driving effect in creating an atmosphere of "environment cultivation" on campus. Finally, this paper discussed the development and application of traffic calming in China.展开更多
Anxiety is a problem affecting 31%of Americans(NIMH,2017),especially people diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Some popular treatments have demonstrated at least moderate efficacy with various populations,though ...Anxiety is a problem affecting 31%of Americans(NIMH,2017),especially people diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Some popular treatments have demonstrated at least moderate efficacy with various populations,though most require the learner to demonstrate significant verbal repertoires.The current study tested the efficacy of a selectionist intervention combining systematic desensitization,positive feedback,and temporary interruption of positive feedback contingent upon indices of stress for the treatment of two stressors for one student diagnosed with Severe(Level 1)Autism Spectrum Disorder,with minimal verbal skills.This treatment package has come to be known,colloquially,as“calm counts”.展开更多
TCMs （traffic calming measures） are commonly installed in order to reduce speeds and volumes of traffic to acceptable levels and, thus, improve traffic safety as well as environmental impact when designed appropriat...TCMs （traffic calming measures） are commonly installed in order to reduce speeds and volumes of traffic to acceptable levels and, thus, improve traffic safety as well as environmental impact when designed appropriately as a corridor or aerial implementation with proper spacing. Hence in many previous studies, their impact was mainly evaluated in scope of average and 85th percentile speed reduction. This paper presents and appraises the efficiency of calming measures of various types used in the city of Bialystok, Poland in terms of their influence zone. The assessment is based on speed profiles derived from individual test rides conducted with test vehicle equipped with GPS （global positioning system） data logger to obtain vehicle trajectory data. Speed measurements were conducted in vicinity of most commonly installed calming measures such as speed cameras, raised pedestrian crossing, raised intersection, speed bumps and speed cushion. The results reveal great differences within analysed devices and the usefulness of speed profiles in evaluation of their effectiveness. Speed bumps, most frequently used device in practice due to their low cost installation and speed reduction effectiveness, demonstrate lowest usefulness when influence zone is considered.展开更多
Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, ...Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, and it still has a rising trend in recent years. Recurrent respiratory tract infection is a common and frequently-occurring disease in childhood, including upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, acute and chronic pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other upper and lower respiratory tract diseases;If the frequency of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children is too frequent and exceeds a certain number in a year, it can be called recurrent respiratory tract infection. Recurrent respiratory tract singing is more common in children aged 6 months to 6 years old, especially in children aged 1 to 3 years old. With the change of environment, social environment and children's diet structure, the widespread application and nonstandard use of antibiotics and hormones have affected the body's defense function and immune ability, as well as the influence of some factors such as children watching TV, playing mobile phone or playing games for too long, too long, too much learning pressure, etc., which cause children's hyperactivity of liver fire, further aggravate spleen deficiency symptoms, affect the lung, appear upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and further develop into repeated respiratory tract infections;Among them, the syndrome of lung and spleen disorder and liver hyperactivity has become a more common syndrome type of recurrent respiratory tract infection (children's viscera are delicate, form and qi are not sufficient to be susceptible to external pathogens, lung and spleen are insufficient, and heart and liver are surplus).展开更多
Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, ...Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, and it still has a rising trend in recent years. Recurrent respiratory tract infection is a common and frequently-occurring disease in childhood, including upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, acute and chronic pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other upper and lower respiratory tract diseases;If the frequency of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children is too frequent and exceeds a certain number in a year, it can be called recurrent respiratory tract infection. Recurrent respiratory tract singing is more common in children aged 6 months to 6 years old, especially in children aged 1 to 3 years old. With the change of environment, social environment and children's diet structure, the widespread application and nonstandard use of antibiotics and hormones have affected the body's defense function and immune ability, as well as the influence of some factors such as children watching TV, playing mobile phone or playing games for too long, too long, too much learning pressure, etc., which cause children's hyperactivity of liver fire, further aggravate spleen deficiency symptoms, affect the lung, appear upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and further develop into repeated respiratory tract infections;Among them, the syndrome of lung and spleen disorder and liver hyperactivity has become a more common syndrome type of recurrent respiratory tract infection (children's viscera are delicate, form and qi are not sufficient to be susceptible to external pathogens, lung and spleen are insufficient, and heart and liver are surplus).展开更多
Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, ...Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, and it still has a rising trend in recent years. Recurrent respiratory tract infection is a common and frequently-occurring disease in childhood, including upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, acute and chronic pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other upper and lower respiratory tract diseases;If the frequency of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children is too frequent and exceeds a certain number in a year, it can be called recurrent respiratory tract infection. Recurrent respiratory tract singing is more common in children aged 6 months to 6 years old, especially in children aged 1 to 3 years old. With the change of environment, social environment and children's diet structure, the widespread application and nonstandard use of antibiotics and hormones have affected the body's defense function and immune ability, as well as the influence of some factors such as children watching TV, playing mobile phone or playing games for too long, too long, too much learning pressure, etc., which cause children's hyperactivity of liver fire, further aggravate spleen deficiency symptoms, affect the lung, appear upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and further develop into repeated respiratory tract infections;Among them, the syndrome of lung and spleen disorder and liver hyperactivity has become a more common syndrome type of recurrent respiratory tract infection (children's viscera are delicate, form and qi are not sufficient to be susceptible to external pathogens, lung and spleen are insufficient, and heart and liver are surplus).展开更多
Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, ...Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, and it still has a rising trend in recent years. Recurrent respiratory tract infection is a common and frequently-occurring disease in childhood, including upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, acute and chronic pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other upper and lower respiratory tract diseases;If the frequency of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children is too frequent and exceeds a certain number in a year, it can be called recurrent respiratory tract infection. Recurrent respiratory tract singing is more common in children aged 6 months to 6 years old, especially in children aged 1 to 3 years old. With the change of environment, social environment and children's diet structure, the widespread application and nonstandard use of antibiotics and hormones have affected the body's defense function and immune ability, as well as the influence of some factors such as children watching TV, playing mobile phone or playing games for too long, too long, too much learning pressure, etc., which cause children's hyperactivity of liver fire, further aggravate spleen deficiency symptoms, affect the lung, appear upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and further develop into repeated respiratory tract infections;Among them, the syndrome of lung and spleen disorder and liver hyperactivity has become a more common syndrome type of recurrent respiratory tract infection (children's viscera are delicate, form and qi are not sufficient to be susceptible to external pathogens, lung and spleen are insufficient, and heart and liver are surplus).展开更多
Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, ...Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, and it still has a rising trend in recent years. Recurrent respiratory tract infection is a common and frequently-occurring disease in childhood, including upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, acute and chronic pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other upper and lower respiratory tract diseases;If the frequency of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children is too frequent and exceeds a certain number in a year, it can be called recurrent respiratory tract infection. Recurrent respiratory tract singing is more common in children aged 6 months to 6 years old, especially in children aged 1 to 3 years old. With the change of environment, social environment and children's diet structure, the widespread application and nonstandard use of antibiotics and hormones have affected the body's defense function and immune ability, as well as the influence of some factors such as children watching TV, playing mobile phone or playing games for too long, too long, too much learning pressure, etc., which cause children's hyperactivity of liver fire, further aggravate spleen deficiency symptoms, affect the lung, appear upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and further develop into repeated respiratory tract infections;Among them, the syndrome of lung and spleen disorder and liver hyperactivity has become a more common syndrome type of recurrent respiratory tract infection (children's viscera are delicate, form and qi are not sufficient to be susceptible to external pathogens, lung and spleen are insufficient, and heart and liver are surplus).展开更多
Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, ...Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, and it still has a rising trend in recent years. Recurrent respiratory tract infection is a common and frequently-occurring disease in childhood, including upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, acute and chronic pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other upper and lower respiratory tract diseases;If the frequency of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children is too frequent and exceeds a certain number in a year, it can be called recurrent respiratory tract infection. Recurrent respiratory tract singing is more common in children aged 6 months to 6 years old, especially in children aged 1 to 3 years old. With the change of environment, social environment and children's diet structure, the widespread application and nonstandard use of antibiotics and hormones have affected the body's defense function and immune ability, as well as the influence of some factors such as children watching TV, playing mobile phone or playing games for too long, too long, too much learning pressure, etc., which cause children's hyperactivity of liver fire, further aggravate spleen deficiency symptoms, affect the lung, appear upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and further develop into repeated respiratory tract infections;Among them, the syndrome of lung and spleen disorder and liver hyperactivity has become a more common syndrome type of recurrent respiratory tract infection (children's viscera are delicate, form and qi are not sufficient to be susceptible to external pathogens, lung and spleen are insufficient, and heart and liver are surplus).展开更多
A shimmering movement rustles millions of leaves and the trees seem to have taken on a life of their own. There was no wind blowing, which could only mean one thing. Birds - lots of them. The thousands of egrets that ...A shimmering movement rustles millions of leaves and the trees seem to have taken on a life of their own. There was no wind blowing, which could only mean one thing. Birds - lots of them. The thousands of egrets that infest the dense forest at the entrance to mystical Qingcheng Mountain are more than just wildlife. They have become a tourist attraction in their own right, and if they seem展开更多
The reduction of speed limits in urban roads through traffic calming schemes intends to ensure safer traffic conditions among road users by reducing the probability related to the occurrence of severe accident.Looking...The reduction of speed limits in urban roads through traffic calming schemes intends to ensure safer traffic conditions among road users by reducing the probability related to the occurrence of severe accident.Looking it from a different perspective,traffic calming measures can potentially resolve congestion problems at the same time by lowering the overall accessibility and attractiveness of private cars in urban areas.This study proposes a new methodological approach to explore and assess the direct impacts of traffic calming in the transport system efficiency of a metropolitan area.The multi-agent transport simulation(MATSim)and Open-Berlin scenario are utilized to perform this simulation experiment.By developing a new external tool,the free flow speed and road capacity of each network link is updated based on new speed limits and different compliance rates,which are defined per road hierarchy level.The test scenarios that are formulated present radical conditions,where the speed limit in most urban roads of Berlin drops to 30 km/h or even 15 km/h.The findings of this study show a considerably high increase in trips,passenger hours,and passenger kilometers using public transport modes,when traffic calming links are introduced,the reserve change is observed in private cars trips.Although the speed limits are decreased in inner urban roads in most of the scenarios,the decrease of average travel speed of private cars is not so high as it was expected.Surprisingly,private cars are used for longer distances in all test scenarios.Car drivers seem to use already existed motorways and private road to commute.In simulations,driver compliance to the new speed limits seems to be a determinant factor that is strongly influenced by the design interventions applied in a traffic calming area.展开更多
1 Authorities in Montgomery Township,Pennsylvania,have introduced wavy lane patterns on some streets in an effort to slow down traffic in the area.2 Driving along Grays Lane in Montgomery Township for the first time m...1 Authorities in Montgomery Township,Pennsylvania,have introduced wavy lane patterns on some streets in an effort to slow down traffic in the area.2 Driving along Grays Lane in Montgomery Township for the first time must be challenging.Thats because the regular lane patterns have been replaced by wavy and zig⁃zag lines that look like they were painted by a drunk.But they are wavy by design.According to Montgomery Township officials,the unusual patterns were thought as the best solution to discouraging speeding on some of the streets.Police sources told local media outlets that the“traffic⁃calming measures”were installed in response to numerous complaints about certain streets being used as“speedways”.展开更多
China and Japan agree to jointly develop energy resources in theEast China Sea China and Japan have reached a"principled consensus" aimed atleading to joint development ofChunxiao gas field in the East China...China and Japan agree to jointly develop energy resources in theEast China Sea China and Japan have reached a"principled consensus" aimed atleading to joint development ofChunxiao gas field in the East ChinaSea. Agreed on June 18, this came onemonth after Chinese President Hu Jintao’svisit to Japan, during which emergedreports of a pending breakthrough in bilat-展开更多
Local governments in China, barred from directly selling bonds and taking out bank loans, have set up thousands of financing vehicles to raise money to fund infrastructure projects. A first-ever audit found that these...Local governments in China, barred from directly selling bonds and taking out bank loans, have set up thousands of financing vehicles to raise money to fund infrastructure projects. A first-ever audit found that these local government financing vehicles have accumulated a record breaking debt of 10.7 trillion yuan ($1.7 trillion).But there’s no need to panic over this debt, said Xu Lin, Director of the Department of Fiscal and Financial Affairs of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), in a question-andanswer statement posted on the NDRC’s website on August 29.Edited excerpts follow:展开更多
基金Sponsored by Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(51278345)Key Project of National Social Science Foundation of China(12&ZD203)
文摘The Historic Conservation District(HCD) is an important target for urban heritage protection in China. The spatial characteristics of its road system,formed before the appearance of automobile,do not adapt to the car traffic. In the context of very rapid motorization in Chinese cities,the increase in car traffic brings an inevitable trouble for the protection of HCDs. Road widening and pedestrianization are two popular solutions to this problem in current practices; however,both of them may lead to negative consequences. Inspired by the development of Zone 30 in European cities,this paper firstly cleared up first some misunderstandings of the concept of traffic calming,then taking the inner city of Paris as an example,explained how traffic calming measures can be implemented in HCDs and what effects will be generated. Finally,it discussed the possible application of traffic calming measures in HCDs projects in China and pointed out the specific situations of Chinese cities to which the planners should pay more attention.
文摘Speed management is an essential tool in ensuring the improved safety of users of urban roads, particularly vulnerable users. It relies on several measures： awareness campaigns, speed control, as well as the development and operation of the road infrastructure. Municipalities in Quebec are increasingly resorting to the development of traffic calming measures, and are facing numerous questions concerning their installation and their effectiveness. To respond to this need, the ministere des Transports du Quebec （Quebec Department of Transport） has begun publishing a series of fact sheets on a variety of traffic calming measures, including speed humps and speed cushions, raised crosswalks and intersections, neckdowns, centre islands and chicanes. A general fact sheet introduces all of the measures and notably outlines the procedure for pre-implementation analysis. Each fact sheet dedicated to an individual measure outlines the implementation context, advantages and disadvantages, geometric characteristics, effectiveness at reducing speed, and maintenance requirements, including winter maintenance. Two fact sheets are already published： the general fact sheet and the fact sheet on speed humps and speed cushions. The fact sheets as well as examples of measures implemented in municipalities are available on the minist6re＇s web site under Partenaires-Municipalites-Securite routiere.
文摘Traffic calming devices become more favorable for many cities to manage traffic in urban as well as neighborhood areas. Many developing cities already initiated the implementation, while the process has a wide variation in both quality and quantity. The objective of this study is to evaluate the justification of speed humps in urban roads and also to recommend a guideline for installation of speed humps as a traffic calming device in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. It was found that there are vast variations in the implementation, while general public also express an immense disparity of perception about devices quality and suitability and their agreement. Lesson learned from Dhaka City shows that selecting an appropriate placement and dimension of the traffic humps is an urgent requirement to be solved by government by providing standards, guidelines, and policy when there is an initiative to implement or improve traffic calming application.
基金Sponsored by Study on Synergetic Planning and Spatial Optimization of Urban Comprehensive Passenger Transportation Hub and Its Adjacent Area(51478388)
文摘With an increasingly number of cars on campus, the campus is faced with challenges of traffic order and safety. This paper, based on traffic calming and practical experience, took the Xipu campus of Southwest Jiaotong University as an example. Grounded on the traffic situation and characteristics of Xipu campus, the study analyzed the concept of traffic calming and its engineering measures, put forward traffic calming design scheme for Qiuhua Road on the Xipu campus with practical application of campus traffic characteristics, and stated the significance of campus traffic calming for its driving effect in creating an atmosphere of "environment cultivation" on campus. Finally, this paper discussed the development and application of traffic calming in China.
文摘Anxiety is a problem affecting 31%of Americans(NIMH,2017),especially people diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Some popular treatments have demonstrated at least moderate efficacy with various populations,though most require the learner to demonstrate significant verbal repertoires.The current study tested the efficacy of a selectionist intervention combining systematic desensitization,positive feedback,and temporary interruption of positive feedback contingent upon indices of stress for the treatment of two stressors for one student diagnosed with Severe(Level 1)Autism Spectrum Disorder,with minimal verbal skills.This treatment package has come to be known,colloquially,as“calm counts”.
文摘TCMs （traffic calming measures） are commonly installed in order to reduce speeds and volumes of traffic to acceptable levels and, thus, improve traffic safety as well as environmental impact when designed appropriately as a corridor or aerial implementation with proper spacing. Hence in many previous studies, their impact was mainly evaluated in scope of average and 85th percentile speed reduction. This paper presents and appraises the efficiency of calming measures of various types used in the city of Bialystok, Poland in terms of their influence zone. The assessment is based on speed profiles derived from individual test rides conducted with test vehicle equipped with GPS （global positioning system） data logger to obtain vehicle trajectory data. Speed measurements were conducted in vicinity of most commonly installed calming measures such as speed cameras, raised pedestrian crossing, raised intersection, speed bumps and speed cushion. The results reveal great differences within analysed devices and the usefulness of speed profiles in evaluation of their effectiveness. Speed bumps, most frequently used device in practice due to their low cost installation and speed reduction effectiveness, demonstrate lowest usefulness when influence zone is considered.
文摘Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, and it still has a rising trend in recent years. Recurrent respiratory tract infection is a common and frequently-occurring disease in childhood, including upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, acute and chronic pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other upper and lower respiratory tract diseases;If the frequency of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children is too frequent and exceeds a certain number in a year, it can be called recurrent respiratory tract infection. Recurrent respiratory tract singing is more common in children aged 6 months to 6 years old, especially in children aged 1 to 3 years old. With the change of environment, social environment and children's diet structure, the widespread application and nonstandard use of antibiotics and hormones have affected the body's defense function and immune ability, as well as the influence of some factors such as children watching TV, playing mobile phone or playing games for too long, too long, too much learning pressure, etc., which cause children's hyperactivity of liver fire, further aggravate spleen deficiency symptoms, affect the lung, appear upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and further develop into repeated respiratory tract infections;Among them, the syndrome of lung and spleen disorder and liver hyperactivity has become a more common syndrome type of recurrent respiratory tract infection (children's viscera are delicate, form and qi are not sufficient to be susceptible to external pathogens, lung and spleen are insufficient, and heart and liver are surplus).
文摘Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, and it still has a rising trend in recent years. Recurrent respiratory tract infection is a common and frequently-occurring disease in childhood, including upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, acute and chronic pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other upper and lower respiratory tract diseases;If the frequency of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children is too frequent and exceeds a certain number in a year, it can be called recurrent respiratory tract infection. Recurrent respiratory tract singing is more common in children aged 6 months to 6 years old, especially in children aged 1 to 3 years old. With the change of environment, social environment and children's diet structure, the widespread application and nonstandard use of antibiotics and hormones have affected the body's defense function and immune ability, as well as the influence of some factors such as children watching TV, playing mobile phone or playing games for too long, too long, too much learning pressure, etc., which cause children's hyperactivity of liver fire, further aggravate spleen deficiency symptoms, affect the lung, appear upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and further develop into repeated respiratory tract infections;Among them, the syndrome of lung and spleen disorder and liver hyperactivity has become a more common syndrome type of recurrent respiratory tract infection (children's viscera are delicate, form and qi are not sufficient to be susceptible to external pathogens, lung and spleen are insufficient, and heart and liver are surplus).
文摘Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, and it still has a rising trend in recent years. Recurrent respiratory tract infection is a common and frequently-occurring disease in childhood, including upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, acute and chronic pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other upper and lower respiratory tract diseases;If the frequency of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children is too frequent and exceeds a certain number in a year, it can be called recurrent respiratory tract infection. Recurrent respiratory tract singing is more common in children aged 6 months to 6 years old, especially in children aged 1 to 3 years old. With the change of environment, social environment and children's diet structure, the widespread application and nonstandard use of antibiotics and hormones have affected the body's defense function and immune ability, as well as the influence of some factors such as children watching TV, playing mobile phone or playing games for too long, too long, too much learning pressure, etc., which cause children's hyperactivity of liver fire, further aggravate spleen deficiency symptoms, affect the lung, appear upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and further develop into repeated respiratory tract infections;Among them, the syndrome of lung and spleen disorder and liver hyperactivity has become a more common syndrome type of recurrent respiratory tract infection (children's viscera are delicate, form and qi are not sufficient to be susceptible to external pathogens, lung and spleen are insufficient, and heart and liver are surplus).
文摘Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, and it still has a rising trend in recent years. Recurrent respiratory tract infection is a common and frequently-occurring disease in childhood, including upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, acute and chronic pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other upper and lower respiratory tract diseases;If the frequency of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children is too frequent and exceeds a certain number in a year, it can be called recurrent respiratory tract infection. Recurrent respiratory tract singing is more common in children aged 6 months to 6 years old, especially in children aged 1 to 3 years old. With the change of environment, social environment and children's diet structure, the widespread application and nonstandard use of antibiotics and hormones have affected the body's defense function and immune ability, as well as the influence of some factors such as children watching TV, playing mobile phone or playing games for too long, too long, too much learning pressure, etc., which cause children's hyperactivity of liver fire, further aggravate spleen deficiency symptoms, affect the lung, appear upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and further develop into repeated respiratory tract infections;Among them, the syndrome of lung and spleen disorder and liver hyperactivity has become a more common syndrome type of recurrent respiratory tract infection (children's viscera are delicate, form and qi are not sufficient to be susceptible to external pathogens, lung and spleen are insufficient, and heart and liver are surplus).
文摘Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, and it still has a rising trend in recent years. Recurrent respiratory tract infection is a common and frequently-occurring disease in childhood, including upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, acute and chronic pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other upper and lower respiratory tract diseases;If the frequency of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children is too frequent and exceeds a certain number in a year, it can be called recurrent respiratory tract infection. Recurrent respiratory tract singing is more common in children aged 6 months to 6 years old, especially in children aged 1 to 3 years old. With the change of environment, social environment and children's diet structure, the widespread application and nonstandard use of antibiotics and hormones have affected the body's defense function and immune ability, as well as the influence of some factors such as children watching TV, playing mobile phone or playing games for too long, too long, too much learning pressure, etc., which cause children's hyperactivity of liver fire, further aggravate spleen deficiency symptoms, affect the lung, appear upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and further develop into repeated respiratory tract infections;Among them, the syndrome of lung and spleen disorder and liver hyperactivity has become a more common syndrome type of recurrent respiratory tract infection (children's viscera are delicate, form and qi are not sufficient to be susceptible to external pathogens, lung and spleen are insufficient, and heart and liver are surplus).
文摘Objective: according to statistics, recurrent respiratory tract infection accounts for about 30% of respiratory tract infection, and respiratory tract infection accounts for about 80% of pediatric outpatient service, and it still has a rising trend in recent years. Recurrent respiratory tract infection is a common and frequently-occurring disease in childhood, including upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, acute and chronic pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other upper and lower respiratory tract diseases;If the frequency of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children is too frequent and exceeds a certain number in a year, it can be called recurrent respiratory tract infection. Recurrent respiratory tract singing is more common in children aged 6 months to 6 years old, especially in children aged 1 to 3 years old. With the change of environment, social environment and children's diet structure, the widespread application and nonstandard use of antibiotics and hormones have affected the body's defense function and immune ability, as well as the influence of some factors such as children watching TV, playing mobile phone or playing games for too long, too long, too much learning pressure, etc., which cause children's hyperactivity of liver fire, further aggravate spleen deficiency symptoms, affect the lung, appear upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and further develop into repeated respiratory tract infections;Among them, the syndrome of lung and spleen disorder and liver hyperactivity has become a more common syndrome type of recurrent respiratory tract infection (children's viscera are delicate, form and qi are not sufficient to be susceptible to external pathogens, lung and spleen are insufficient, and heart and liver are surplus).
文摘A shimmering movement rustles millions of leaves and the trees seem to have taken on a life of their own. There was no wind blowing, which could only mean one thing. Birds - lots of them. The thousands of egrets that infest the dense forest at the entrance to mystical Qingcheng Mountain are more than just wildlife. They have become a tourist attraction in their own right, and if they seem
文摘The reduction of speed limits in urban roads through traffic calming schemes intends to ensure safer traffic conditions among road users by reducing the probability related to the occurrence of severe accident.Looking it from a different perspective,traffic calming measures can potentially resolve congestion problems at the same time by lowering the overall accessibility and attractiveness of private cars in urban areas.This study proposes a new methodological approach to explore and assess the direct impacts of traffic calming in the transport system efficiency of a metropolitan area.The multi-agent transport simulation(MATSim)and Open-Berlin scenario are utilized to perform this simulation experiment.By developing a new external tool,the free flow speed and road capacity of each network link is updated based on new speed limits and different compliance rates,which are defined per road hierarchy level.The test scenarios that are formulated present radical conditions,where the speed limit in most urban roads of Berlin drops to 30 km/h or even 15 km/h.The findings of this study show a considerably high increase in trips,passenger hours,and passenger kilometers using public transport modes,when traffic calming links are introduced,the reserve change is observed in private cars trips.Although the speed limits are decreased in inner urban roads in most of the scenarios,the decrease of average travel speed of private cars is not so high as it was expected.Surprisingly,private cars are used for longer distances in all test scenarios.Car drivers seem to use already existed motorways and private road to commute.In simulations,driver compliance to the new speed limits seems to be a determinant factor that is strongly influenced by the design interventions applied in a traffic calming area.
文摘1 Authorities in Montgomery Township,Pennsylvania,have introduced wavy lane patterns on some streets in an effort to slow down traffic in the area.2 Driving along Grays Lane in Montgomery Township for the first time must be challenging.Thats because the regular lane patterns have been replaced by wavy and zig⁃zag lines that look like they were painted by a drunk.But they are wavy by design.According to Montgomery Township officials,the unusual patterns were thought as the best solution to discouraging speeding on some of the streets.Police sources told local media outlets that the“traffic⁃calming measures”were installed in response to numerous complaints about certain streets being used as“speedways”.
文摘China and Japan agree to jointly develop energy resources in theEast China Sea China and Japan have reached a"principled consensus" aimed atleading to joint development ofChunxiao gas field in the East ChinaSea. Agreed on June 18, this came onemonth after Chinese President Hu Jintao’svisit to Japan, during which emergedreports of a pending breakthrough in bilat-
文摘Local governments in China, barred from directly selling bonds and taking out bank loans, have set up thousands of financing vehicles to raise money to fund infrastructure projects. A first-ever audit found that these local government financing vehicles have accumulated a record breaking debt of 10.7 trillion yuan ($1.7 trillion).But there’s no need to panic over this debt, said Xu Lin, Director of the Department of Fiscal and Financial Affairs of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), in a question-andanswer statement posted on the NDRC’s website on August 29.Edited excerpts follow:
