Doping in thin-film transistors(TFTs) plays a crucial role in tailoring material properties to enhance device performance, making them essential for advanced electronic applications. This study explores the synthesis ...Doping in thin-film transistors(TFTs) plays a crucial role in tailoring material properties to enhance device performance, making them essential for advanced electronic applications. This study explores the synthesis and characterization of TFTs fabricated using nickel(Ni)-doped indium oxide(In_(2)O_(3)) via a wet-chemical approach. The presented work investigates the effect of "Ni" incorporation in In_(2)O_(3) on the structural and electrical transport properties of In_(2)O_(3), revealing that higher "Ni" content decreases the oxygen vacancies, leading to a reduction in leakage current and a forward shift in threshold potential(V_(th)).Experimental findings reveal that Ni In O-based TFTs(with Ni = 0.5%) showcase enhanced electrical performance, achieving mobility of 7.54 cm^(2)/(V·s), an impressive ON/OFF current ratio of ~10^(7), a V_(th) of 6.26 V, reduced interfacial trap states(D_(it)) of 8.23 ×10^(12) cm^(-2) and enhanced biased stress stability. The efficacy of "Ni" incorporation is attributed to the upgraded Lewis acidity, stable Ni-O bond strength, and small ionic radius of Ni. Negative bias illumination stability(NBIS) measurements further indicate that device stability diminishes with shorter light wavelengths, likely due to the activation of oxygen vacancies. These findings validate the solution-processed techniques' potential for future large-scale, low-cost, energy-efficient, and high-performance electronics.展开更多
Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy with fine-grainedβphases was fabricated by friction stir processing with opti-mized processing parameters.The superplastic behavior of the specimens was investigated by tensile deformation at dif...Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy with fine-grainedβphases was fabricated by friction stir processing with opti-mized processing parameters.The superplastic behavior of the specimens was investigated by tensile deformation at different strain rates and temperatures,and an optimal superplastic elongation of 634%was achieved at 700℃ and 3×10^(-4)/s.An annealing treatment at 650℃ for 60 min showed a mi-crostructure withαprecipitates distributed in theβmatrix in the friction stir specimen.Such pre-heat treatment improves the superplasticity of the specimen,achieving an elongation of up to 807%at 750℃ and 3×10^(-4)/s.The influences of tensile temperatures and strain rates on the microstructural evolution,such as grain size variation,grain morphology,and phase transformations,were discussed.The super-plastic deformation behavior of fine-grained Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy is controlled by grain boundary sliding and accompanied by dynamic phase transformation and recrystallization.展开更多
The deformation behaviors of Al2O3/Al composites were investigated by compressive tests conducted at temperature of 300-450 °C and strain rates of 0.001-1.0 s-1 with Gleeble-1500 D thermal simulator system. The r...The deformation behaviors of Al2O3/Al composites were investigated by compressive tests conducted at temperature of 300-450 °C and strain rates of 0.001-1.0 s-1 with Gleeble-1500 D thermal simulator system. The results show that the flow stress increases with increasing strain rate and decreasing temperature. The hyperbolic sine constitutive equation can describe the flow stress behavior of Al2O3/Al composites, and the deformation activation energy and constitutive equations were calculated. The processing maps of Al2O3/Al-2 μm and Al2O3/Al-1 μm composites at strain of 0.6 were obtained and the optimum processing domains are in ranges of 300-330 °C, 0.007-0.03 s-1 and 335-360 °C, 0.015-0.06 s-1 for hot working, respectively. The instability zones of flow behavior can also be recognized by the maps.展开更多
Objective To observe the change of the neuropeptide pro-protein processing system in the ischemic retina ganglion cell-5(RGC-5) cells,pro-protein convertase-2(PC2),carboxypeptidase-E(CPE) and preproneuropeptide Y(prep...Objective To observe the change of the neuropeptide pro-protein processing system in the ischemic retina ganglion cell-5(RGC-5) cells,pro-protein convertase-2(PC2),carboxypeptidase-E(CPE) and preproneuropeptide Y(preproNPY) protein levels in the ischemic RGC-5 cells and conditioned medium were analyzed. Methods The RGC-5 cell was differentiated in 0.1 μmol/L staurosporine for 24 h and then stressed by different doses of oxygen and glucose deprivation(OGD). The acute or chronic OGD-induced cell death rates w...展开更多
This study addresses the energy-intensive challenge of small-scale biogas upgrading by optimizing a chemical absorption process employing methyl diethanolamine(MDEA).Focusing on a typical distributed application of 30...This study addresses the energy-intensive challenge of small-scale biogas upgrading by optimizing a chemical absorption process employing methyl diethanolamine(MDEA).Focusing on a typical distributed application of 300 Nm^(3)/d,we developed an integrated simulation-optimization framework using Aspen HYSYS 14.0 to systematically evaluate the effects of critical operating parameters—absorption pressure,MDEA concentration,flow rate,temperature,number of trays,and reboiler duty—on methane purity and energy consumption.The key finding is the identification of an optimal parameter set:absorption pressure of 1200 kPa,MDEA concentration of 20mol%,lean flow rate of 2.5 kmol/h,temperature of 298.15 K,20 absorber trays,10 regenerator trays,and a reboiler duty of 4 kW,which enabled the product gas to achieve a high CH4 concentration of 97mol%,compliant with pipeline standards.A detailed energy consumption analysis revealed that the reboiler is the most energy-intensive unit,accounting for 75.40%of the total 5.29 kW energy consumption,followed by the gas compressor(23.38%).The specific energy consumption for CH4 recovery and the Energy Consumption Index(ECI)were quantified at 0.8852 kWh/kg CH_(4)and 6.82,respectively.This work provides a validated optimization strategy and critical energy breakdown,offering practical guidance for enhancing the technical and economic viability of small-scale,centralized biogas purification systems.展开更多
Estimating the multi-year average air-sea CO_(2) flux over a large area usually involves the use of monthly mean variables from the atmosphere and ocean.Ignoring sub-monthly processes will blur the oceanic carbon cycl...Estimating the multi-year average air-sea CO_(2) flux over a large area usually involves the use of monthly mean variables from the atmosphere and ocean.Ignoring sub-monthly processes will blur the oceanic carbon cycle,especially when the synoptic and sub-seasonal scale processes are significant,like in the South China Sea(SCS).Based on an empirical relationship between the partial pressure of CO_(2) in water and the sea surface temperature(SST),we recalculated the air-sea CO_(2) flux of the SCS with daily products of atmospheric reanalysis and SST.Our results show that the sub-monthly process contributes 10%of the total CO_(2) flux of the SCS and can even alter the sign of the CO_(2) flux in the spring.In the near-surface coupling process,intramonthly variations in surface winds play the dominant role,except in regions with significant ocean eddies.The co-spectrum analysis of SST and wind speed reveals the most essential oscillation of>20 days.Therefore,a product of the sea surface environment for 10-day intervals can better estimate the air-sea CO_(2) flux over the SCS than monthly data.展开更多
The growing demand for carbon neutrality has heightened the focus on CO_(2)hydrogenation as a viable strategy for transforming carbon dioxide into valuable chemicals and fuels.Advanced machine learning(ML)approaches i...The growing demand for carbon neutrality has heightened the focus on CO_(2)hydrogenation as a viable strategy for transforming carbon dioxide into valuable chemicals and fuels.Advanced machine learning(ML)approaches integrate materials science with artificial intelligence,enabling scientists to identify hidden patterns in datasets,make informed decisions,and reduce the need for labor-intensive,repetitive experimentation.This review provides a comprehensive overview of ML applications in the thermocatalytic hydrogenation of CO_(2).Following an introduction to ML tools and workflows,various ML algorithms employed in CO_(2)hydrogenation are systematically categorized and reviewed.Next,the application of ML in catalyst discovery is discussed,highlighting its role in identifying optimal compositions and structures.Then,ML-driven strategies for process optimization,particularly in enhancing CO_(2)conversion and product selectivity,are examined.Studies modeling descriptors,spanning catalyst properties and reaction conditions,to predict catalytic performance are analyzed.Consequently,ML-based mechanistic studies are reviewed to elucidate reaction pathways,identify key intermediates,and optimize catalyst performance.Finally,key challenges and future perspectives in leveraging ML for advancing CO_(2)hydrogenation research are presented.展开更多
A self-designed experimental device was employed to simulate the pyrolytic dismantling process of selected electronic wastes(E-wastes), including printed wiring boards(PWBs)and plastic casings. The generated particula...A self-designed experimental device was employed to simulate the pyrolytic dismantling process of selected electronic wastes(E-wastes), including printed wiring boards(PWBs)and plastic casings. The generated particulate matter(PM) of different particle sizes, carbon monoxide(CO) and carbon dioxide(CO_2) were determined, and the corresponding emission factors(EFs) were estimated. Finer particles with particle sizes of 0.4–2.1 μm accounted for78.9% and 89.3% of PM emitted by the pyrolytic processing of PWBs and plastic casings,respectively, and the corresponding EFs were 9.68 ± 4.81 and 18.49 ± 7.2 g/kg, respectively.The EFs of CO and CO_2 from PWBs and plastic casings were 55.9 ± 26.9 and 1182 ± 439 g/kg,and 133.6 ± 34.6 and 2827 ± 276 g/kg, respectively. Compared with other emission sources,such as coal, biomass, and traffic exhaust, the EFs of E-wastes were relatively higher,especially for PM. There were significant positive correlations(p < 0.05) of the initial contents of carbon and nitrogen in PWBs with the related EFs of PM, CO, and CO_2, while the correlations for plastic casings were insignificant. The EFs of CO of PWBs were significantly positively correlated with the corresponding EFs of PM and the parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs); however, the same result was not observed for plastic casings.展开更多
Continuous thermo-mechanical processing (CTMP) of 6201 aluminum alloy was simulated on Gleeble-1500. The deformed specimens were analyzed by the observation of TEM and the measurement of hardness. It was shown that r...Continuous thermo-mechanical processing (CTMP) of 6201 aluminum alloy was simulated on Gleeble-1500. The deformed specimens were analyzed by the observation of TEM and the measurement of hardness. It was shown that rapid solid solution and aging treatment can be effectively combined in one procedure by the strain induced during CTMP. The deformation temperature is ranging from 540* C to 300* C, the hardness increases directly before the 6th pass followed by a slight drop, the amount of precipitates increases with the holding time after deformation. Uniformly distributed and stabilized Mg2Si precipitates, as well as dislocation substructure can be observed on deformed specimens which have been subsequently held at 300℃ for 60 seconds.展开更多
In order to improve the intrinsic brittleness of TiAl alloys,Ti_(2)AlNb alloys with outstanding ductility and toughness at room temperature,and good high-temperature performance are competitive candidates in construct...In order to improve the intrinsic brittleness of TiAl alloys,Ti_(2)AlNb alloys with outstanding ductility and toughness at room temperature,and good high-temperature performance are competitive candidates in constructing the TiAl-based laminated composites.In this work,TiAl/Ti_(2)AlNb laminated composites are successfully synthesized by vacuum hot pressing combined with the foil-foil(sheet)metallurgy.Under the pressure of 65 MPa,different holding time and temperature of hot pressing are tried and the optimized fabrication parameter is acquired as 1050℃/120 min/65 MPa.Along with the changes of processing parameters,the defect,microstructure,interface,phase transformation and the corresponding mechanical properties are detailly discussed.The results show that the TiAl/Ti_(2)AlNb laminated composite fabricated at 1050℃ for 2 h achieves a good metallurgical interface bonding.The corresponding interface microstructure is composed of region I and region II.The region I consists of O,α_(2)and B2/βphase,and region II is made up ofα2.Subsequently,the tensile tests indicate that the composite synthesized at 1050℃ for 2 h possesses a maximum strength of 812 MPa and a total elongation of 1.31%at room temperature,and a strength of 539.71 MPa and the highest total elongation of 10.34%at 750℃.The well synergistic deformation ability between the interface and the two base alloys endows the composite an excellent tensile performance.Moreover,the composite processed at 1050℃ for 2 h behaves the best fracture toughness in both arrester orientation and divider orientation with the value of 32.6 MPa.m^(1/2)and 30.1 MPa.m^(1/2),respectively.The Ti_(2)AlNb alloy in the laminated structure effectively release the stress around the crack tip and plays a role in toughening.Further,crack deflection,crack bridging,crack blunting and fragmentation also make contributions to enhance the fracture toughness of the laminated composites.展开更多
基金funded by the research startup funding of National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea through the Ministry of Science and ICT 2022R1G1A1009887Part of this study was supported by research start-up funding of Anhui University (S202418001/078)。
文摘Doping in thin-film transistors(TFTs) plays a crucial role in tailoring material properties to enhance device performance, making them essential for advanced electronic applications. This study explores the synthesis and characterization of TFTs fabricated using nickel(Ni)-doped indium oxide(In_(2)O_(3)) via a wet-chemical approach. The presented work investigates the effect of "Ni" incorporation in In_(2)O_(3) on the structural and electrical transport properties of In_(2)O_(3), revealing that higher "Ni" content decreases the oxygen vacancies, leading to a reduction in leakage current and a forward shift in threshold potential(V_(th)).Experimental findings reveal that Ni In O-based TFTs(with Ni = 0.5%) showcase enhanced electrical performance, achieving mobility of 7.54 cm^(2)/(V·s), an impressive ON/OFF current ratio of ~10^(7), a V_(th) of 6.26 V, reduced interfacial trap states(D_(it)) of 8.23 ×10^(12) cm^(-2) and enhanced biased stress stability. The efficacy of "Ni" incorporation is attributed to the upgraded Lewis acidity, stable Ni-O bond strength, and small ionic radius of Ni. Negative bias illumination stability(NBIS) measurements further indicate that device stability diminishes with shorter light wavelengths, likely due to the activation of oxygen vacancies. These findings validate the solution-processed techniques' potential for future large-scale, low-cost, energy-efficient, and high-performance electronics.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52105373)the China Scholarship Council(No.202106020094).
文摘Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy with fine-grainedβphases was fabricated by friction stir processing with opti-mized processing parameters.The superplastic behavior of the specimens was investigated by tensile deformation at different strain rates and temperatures,and an optimal superplastic elongation of 634%was achieved at 700℃ and 3×10^(-4)/s.An annealing treatment at 650℃ for 60 min showed a mi-crostructure withαprecipitates distributed in theβmatrix in the friction stir specimen.Such pre-heat treatment improves the superplasticity of the specimen,achieving an elongation of up to 807%at 750℃ and 3×10^(-4)/s.The influences of tensile temperatures and strain rates on the microstructural evolution,such as grain size variation,grain morphology,and phase transformations,were discussed.The super-plastic deformation behavior of fine-grained Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy is controlled by grain boundary sliding and accompanied by dynamic phase transformation and recrystallization.
基金Project(2012AA030311)supported by the National High-tech Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(2010BB4074)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Municipality,ChinaProject(2010ZD-02)supported by the State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials,China
文摘The deformation behaviors of Al2O3/Al composites were investigated by compressive tests conducted at temperature of 300-450 °C and strain rates of 0.001-1.0 s-1 with Gleeble-1500 D thermal simulator system. The results show that the flow stress increases with increasing strain rate and decreasing temperature. The hyperbolic sine constitutive equation can describe the flow stress behavior of Al2O3/Al composites, and the deformation activation energy and constitutive equations were calculated. The processing maps of Al2O3/Al-2 μm and Al2O3/Al-1 μm composites at strain of 0.6 were obtained and the optimum processing domains are in ranges of 300-330 °C, 0.007-0.03 s-1 and 335-360 °C, 0.015-0.06 s-1 for hot working, respectively. The instability zones of flow behavior can also be recognized by the maps.
基金supported by Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Grant (No. 2005SMK22) and Key-Teacher Training Grant.
文摘Objective To observe the change of the neuropeptide pro-protein processing system in the ischemic retina ganglion cell-5(RGC-5) cells,pro-protein convertase-2(PC2),carboxypeptidase-E(CPE) and preproneuropeptide Y(preproNPY) protein levels in the ischemic RGC-5 cells and conditioned medium were analyzed. Methods The RGC-5 cell was differentiated in 0.1 μmol/L staurosporine for 24 h and then stressed by different doses of oxygen and glucose deprivation(OGD). The acute or chronic OGD-induced cell death rates w...
基金funded by Shenzhen Science and Technology Program,grant number No.ZDSYS20230626091400001No.KCXST20221021111609024No.KCXFZ20240903093459001.
文摘This study addresses the energy-intensive challenge of small-scale biogas upgrading by optimizing a chemical absorption process employing methyl diethanolamine(MDEA).Focusing on a typical distributed application of 300 Nm^(3)/d,we developed an integrated simulation-optimization framework using Aspen HYSYS 14.0 to systematically evaluate the effects of critical operating parameters—absorption pressure,MDEA concentration,flow rate,temperature,number of trays,and reboiler duty—on methane purity and energy consumption.The key finding is the identification of an optimal parameter set:absorption pressure of 1200 kPa,MDEA concentration of 20mol%,lean flow rate of 2.5 kmol/h,temperature of 298.15 K,20 absorber trays,10 regenerator trays,and a reboiler duty of 4 kW,which enabled the product gas to achieve a high CH4 concentration of 97mol%,compliant with pipeline standards.A detailed energy consumption analysis revealed that the reboiler is the most energy-intensive unit,accounting for 75.40%of the total 5.29 kW energy consumption,followed by the gas compressor(23.38%).The specific energy consumption for CH4 recovery and the Energy Consumption Index(ECI)were quantified at 0.8852 kWh/kg CH_(4)and 6.82,respectively.This work provides a validated optimization strategy and critical energy breakdown,offering practical guidance for enhancing the technical and economic viability of small-scale,centralized biogas purification systems.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2023YFF0805502)the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) (Grant No. SML2022SP401)+1 种基金the Ocean Negative Carbon Emissions (ONCE) Programthe National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42305078)
文摘Estimating the multi-year average air-sea CO_(2) flux over a large area usually involves the use of monthly mean variables from the atmosphere and ocean.Ignoring sub-monthly processes will blur the oceanic carbon cycle,especially when the synoptic and sub-seasonal scale processes are significant,like in the South China Sea(SCS).Based on an empirical relationship between the partial pressure of CO_(2) in water and the sea surface temperature(SST),we recalculated the air-sea CO_(2) flux of the SCS with daily products of atmospheric reanalysis and SST.Our results show that the sub-monthly process contributes 10%of the total CO_(2) flux of the SCS and can even alter the sign of the CO_(2) flux in the spring.In the near-surface coupling process,intramonthly variations in surface winds play the dominant role,except in regions with significant ocean eddies.The co-spectrum analysis of SST and wind speed reveals the most essential oscillation of>20 days.Therefore,a product of the sea surface environment for 10-day intervals can better estimate the air-sea CO_(2) flux over the SCS than monthly data.
文摘The growing demand for carbon neutrality has heightened the focus on CO_(2)hydrogenation as a viable strategy for transforming carbon dioxide into valuable chemicals and fuels.Advanced machine learning(ML)approaches integrate materials science with artificial intelligence,enabling scientists to identify hidden patterns in datasets,make informed decisions,and reduce the need for labor-intensive,repetitive experimentation.This review provides a comprehensive overview of ML applications in the thermocatalytic hydrogenation of CO_(2).Following an introduction to ML tools and workflows,various ML algorithms employed in CO_(2)hydrogenation are systematically categorized and reviewed.Next,the application of ML in catalyst discovery is discussed,highlighting its role in identifying optimal compositions and structures.Then,ML-driven strategies for process optimization,particularly in enhancing CO_(2)conversion and product selectivity,are examined.Studies modeling descriptors,spanning catalyst properties and reaction conditions,to predict catalytic performance are analyzed.Consequently,ML-based mechanistic studies are reviewed to elucidate reaction pathways,identify key intermediates,and optimize catalyst performance.Finally,key challenges and future perspectives in leveraging ML for advancing CO_(2)hydrogenation research are presented.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation Committee of China(No.41390240)the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2014CB441101)
文摘A self-designed experimental device was employed to simulate the pyrolytic dismantling process of selected electronic wastes(E-wastes), including printed wiring boards(PWBs)and plastic casings. The generated particulate matter(PM) of different particle sizes, carbon monoxide(CO) and carbon dioxide(CO_2) were determined, and the corresponding emission factors(EFs) were estimated. Finer particles with particle sizes of 0.4–2.1 μm accounted for78.9% and 89.3% of PM emitted by the pyrolytic processing of PWBs and plastic casings,respectively, and the corresponding EFs were 9.68 ± 4.81 and 18.49 ± 7.2 g/kg, respectively.The EFs of CO and CO_2 from PWBs and plastic casings were 55.9 ± 26.9 and 1182 ± 439 g/kg,and 133.6 ± 34.6 and 2827 ± 276 g/kg, respectively. Compared with other emission sources,such as coal, biomass, and traffic exhaust, the EFs of E-wastes were relatively higher,especially for PM. There were significant positive correlations(p < 0.05) of the initial contents of carbon and nitrogen in PWBs with the related EFs of PM, CO, and CO_2, while the correlations for plastic casings were insignificant. The EFs of CO of PWBs were significantly positively correlated with the corresponding EFs of PM and the parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs); however, the same result was not observed for plastic casings.
文摘Continuous thermo-mechanical processing (CTMP) of 6201 aluminum alloy was simulated on Gleeble-1500. The deformed specimens were analyzed by the observation of TEM and the measurement of hardness. It was shown that rapid solid solution and aging treatment can be effectively combined in one procedure by the strain induced during CTMP. The deformation temperature is ranging from 540* C to 300* C, the hardness increases directly before the 6th pass followed by a slight drop, the amount of precipitates increases with the holding time after deformation. Uniformly distributed and stabilized Mg2Si precipitates, as well as dislocation substructure can be observed on deformed specimens which have been subsequently held at 300℃ for 60 seconds.
基金supported by Major Special Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Province 202002AB080001-3the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.51704088)Fundamental Research and Development Program of China(Grant no.JCKY2017205B032)。
文摘In order to improve the intrinsic brittleness of TiAl alloys,Ti_(2)AlNb alloys with outstanding ductility and toughness at room temperature,and good high-temperature performance are competitive candidates in constructing the TiAl-based laminated composites.In this work,TiAl/Ti_(2)AlNb laminated composites are successfully synthesized by vacuum hot pressing combined with the foil-foil(sheet)metallurgy.Under the pressure of 65 MPa,different holding time and temperature of hot pressing are tried and the optimized fabrication parameter is acquired as 1050℃/120 min/65 MPa.Along with the changes of processing parameters,the defect,microstructure,interface,phase transformation and the corresponding mechanical properties are detailly discussed.The results show that the TiAl/Ti_(2)AlNb laminated composite fabricated at 1050℃ for 2 h achieves a good metallurgical interface bonding.The corresponding interface microstructure is composed of region I and region II.The region I consists of O,α_(2)and B2/βphase,and region II is made up ofα2.Subsequently,the tensile tests indicate that the composite synthesized at 1050℃ for 2 h possesses a maximum strength of 812 MPa and a total elongation of 1.31%at room temperature,and a strength of 539.71 MPa and the highest total elongation of 10.34%at 750℃.The well synergistic deformation ability between the interface and the two base alloys endows the composite an excellent tensile performance.Moreover,the composite processed at 1050℃ for 2 h behaves the best fracture toughness in both arrester orientation and divider orientation with the value of 32.6 MPa.m^(1/2)and 30.1 MPa.m^(1/2),respectively.The Ti_(2)AlNb alloy in the laminated structure effectively release the stress around the crack tip and plays a role in toughening.Further,crack deflection,crack bridging,crack blunting and fragmentation also make contributions to enhance the fracture toughness of the laminated composites.
