小麦赤霉病(Fusarium Head Blight,FHB),主要是由镰刀菌属真菌引起的一种流行性毁灭性病害。在世界各小麦种植区尤其是温暖潮湿和半潮湿地区发生最为严重[1,2]。它不仅能够降低小麦产量,其染病麦粒中还会产生对人畜健康严重危害的真菌毒...小麦赤霉病(Fusarium Head Blight,FHB),主要是由镰刀菌属真菌引起的一种流行性毁灭性病害。在世界各小麦种植区尤其是温暖潮湿和半潮湿地区发生最为严重[1,2]。它不仅能够降低小麦产量,其染病麦粒中还会产生对人畜健康严重危害的真菌毒素[3]。在不同的地区由于气候因素和地理环境的不同,分布着不同的致病菌株。展开更多
Anthracnose,caused by fungi of the genus Colletotrichum,is a serious disease of chili worldwide.Sterol 14α-demethylation inhibitors(DMIs)are a class of chemical fungicides that can effectively control anthracnose dis...Anthracnose,caused by fungi of the genus Colletotrichum,is a serious disease of chili worldwide.Sterol 14α-demethylation inhibitors(DMIs)are a class of chemical fungicides that can effectively control anthracnose diseases.In this study,22 Colletotrichum isolates collected from commercial chili fields in Zhangzhou,Fujian Province,China,were identified as Colletotrichum siamense.The sensitivities of the 22 C.siamense isolates to tebuconazole were determined based on the EC_(50)(50%effective inhibition concentration)value.The results showed that the EC_(50)values of the two isolates to tebuconazole were 0.039±0.0036 and 0.042±0.0012 mg/L,while the other 20 isolates showed significantly decreased sensitivities to tebuconazole,with EC_(50)values ranging from 0.61±0.056 to 1.94±0.11 mg/L.Sequence analysis of CYP51A and CYP51B revealed five genotype mutations(i.e.,CYP51A^(V46L,D115V,P163S,R306K,E397D),CYP51A^(D115V,S164Y,R306K,E397D),CYP51A^(D115V,R306K,P339T,E397D),CYP51A^(D115V,R306K,E397D,S400N),and CYP51A^(D115V,R306K,E397D)CYP51BR266H)in the resistant isolates.The tebuconazole-resistant isolates of five genotypes suffered a fitness penalty and exhibited cross-resistance to difenoconazole,prochloraz,and propiconazole.Additionally,the five genotype mutations were validated as being responsible for tebuconazole-resistance in C.siamense by construction of replacement mutants.Overexpression of CYP51A and CYP51B was not detected in the replacement mutants of the five genotypes.Overall,the present study is the first to report DMI resistance in C.siamense and provides significant information for rational use of DMIs to control chili anthracnose.展开更多
文摘小麦赤霉病(Fusarium Head Blight,FHB),主要是由镰刀菌属真菌引起的一种流行性毁灭性病害。在世界各小麦种植区尤其是温暖潮湿和半潮湿地区发生最为严重[1,2]。它不仅能够降低小麦产量,其染病麦粒中还会产生对人畜健康严重危害的真菌毒素[3]。在不同的地区由于气候因素和地理环境的不同,分布着不同的致病菌株。
基金supported by the Key Research Project of Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety(2021-SBGJ-ZZ-2)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M711400)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(2022ZB767).
文摘Anthracnose,caused by fungi of the genus Colletotrichum,is a serious disease of chili worldwide.Sterol 14α-demethylation inhibitors(DMIs)are a class of chemical fungicides that can effectively control anthracnose diseases.In this study,22 Colletotrichum isolates collected from commercial chili fields in Zhangzhou,Fujian Province,China,were identified as Colletotrichum siamense.The sensitivities of the 22 C.siamense isolates to tebuconazole were determined based on the EC_(50)(50%effective inhibition concentration)value.The results showed that the EC_(50)values of the two isolates to tebuconazole were 0.039±0.0036 and 0.042±0.0012 mg/L,while the other 20 isolates showed significantly decreased sensitivities to tebuconazole,with EC_(50)values ranging from 0.61±0.056 to 1.94±0.11 mg/L.Sequence analysis of CYP51A and CYP51B revealed five genotype mutations(i.e.,CYP51A^(V46L,D115V,P163S,R306K,E397D),CYP51A^(D115V,S164Y,R306K,E397D),CYP51A^(D115V,R306K,P339T,E397D),CYP51A^(D115V,R306K,E397D,S400N),and CYP51A^(D115V,R306K,E397D)CYP51BR266H)in the resistant isolates.The tebuconazole-resistant isolates of five genotypes suffered a fitness penalty and exhibited cross-resistance to difenoconazole,prochloraz,and propiconazole.Additionally,the five genotype mutations were validated as being responsible for tebuconazole-resistance in C.siamense by construction of replacement mutants.Overexpression of CYP51A and CYP51B was not detected in the replacement mutants of the five genotypes.Overall,the present study is the first to report DMI resistance in C.siamense and provides significant information for rational use of DMIs to control chili anthracnose.
