Introduction:This study aimed to quantify potentially inappropriate medication(PIM)use for primary cardiovascular disease(CVD)prevention in China and its attributable mortality and morbidity.Methods:Data from the 2015...Introduction:This study aimed to quantify potentially inappropriate medication(PIM)use for primary cardiovascular disease(CVD)prevention in China and its attributable mortality and morbidity.Methods:Data from the 2015,2018,and 2023 China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance were analyzed for adults aged≥30 years without diagnosed CVD.PIM use was defined according to guideline adherence for aspirin,statins,antihypertensives,and glucose-lowering agents.Population attributable fractions(PAFs)were calculated using weighted prevalence and relative risks,and CVD outcomes were derived from the Global Burden of Disease 2023.Results:From 2015 to 2023,PIM prevalence for primary CVD prevention declined by half,with larger relative reductions observed among women and older adults.The number of PIM-attributable CVD deaths decreased by 39%,and its rank among CVD risk factors dropped from 17th to 21st after 2018.Before 2018,15 provinces showed increases in PIMattributable CVD mortality and morbidity,but subsequent declines occurred in 30 provinces for mortality and 28 for morbidity,with Inner Mongolia and Tianjin showing the largest improvements.Conclusion:Despite marked progress,disparities persist across regions and populations.Establishing population-based PIM surveillance and implementing targeted interventions in high-burden areas are essential to further reduce preventable CVD morbidity and mortality.展开更多
Various Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) can be catastrophic and can lead to irreversible outcomes. Despite improved interventions for CVD prevention awareness, there continues to be discussion and research on diet-rela...Various Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) can be catastrophic and can lead to irreversible outcomes. Despite improved interventions for CVD prevention awareness, there continues to be discussion and research on diet-related CVD and mortality without addressing the problem. Instead of prioritizing public guidelines and policies, policymakers should understand CVD and address population barriers to adhering to a healthy diet that decreases CVD risk. Therefore, this project aims to analyze federal healthy food incentive policies to promote healthy diet behaviors that reduce CVD risk. The method used was existing data for a comparative policy analysis that included a policy proposal process: phases of progression, measures, and a policy model with data collection and requirements. This analysis compared a current federal food incentive program versus the proposed program. Results of the final analysis derived from the literature review and collected data stated consuming foods from the Mediterranean and other low-fat and low-salt diets reduced CVD risks that also reduced other risks secondary to CVD, such as obesity, diabetes, and Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA). Comparatively, combined healthy food incentives and disincentives were more effective for improving healthy behaviors than, in some cases, even after incentives were removed. Therefore, this policy analysis supports the indication for incentive policy change. However, the lack of federal stakeholders’ response to key policy changes upon proposal submission may require other methods of proposal dissemination. Nonetheless, focusing analysis on various Food Insecurity Nutrition Incentive (FINI) programs instead of one, multi-state program, which may have improved analysis outcomes, was the lesson learned.展开更多
基金provided by the Sci-Tech Innovation 2030 Agenda(2023ZD0503900,2023ZD0503901)Non-communicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(2024ZD0524100,2024ZD0524101)Xizang Autonomous Region Key Special Project for R&D and Transformation(XZ202501ZY0072).
文摘Introduction:This study aimed to quantify potentially inappropriate medication(PIM)use for primary cardiovascular disease(CVD)prevention in China and its attributable mortality and morbidity.Methods:Data from the 2015,2018,and 2023 China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance were analyzed for adults aged≥30 years without diagnosed CVD.PIM use was defined according to guideline adherence for aspirin,statins,antihypertensives,and glucose-lowering agents.Population attributable fractions(PAFs)were calculated using weighted prevalence and relative risks,and CVD outcomes were derived from the Global Burden of Disease 2023.Results:From 2015 to 2023,PIM prevalence for primary CVD prevention declined by half,with larger relative reductions observed among women and older adults.The number of PIM-attributable CVD deaths decreased by 39%,and its rank among CVD risk factors dropped from 17th to 21st after 2018.Before 2018,15 provinces showed increases in PIMattributable CVD mortality and morbidity,but subsequent declines occurred in 30 provinces for mortality and 28 for morbidity,with Inner Mongolia and Tianjin showing the largest improvements.Conclusion:Despite marked progress,disparities persist across regions and populations.Establishing population-based PIM surveillance and implementing targeted interventions in high-burden areas are essential to further reduce preventable CVD morbidity and mortality.
文摘Various Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) can be catastrophic and can lead to irreversible outcomes. Despite improved interventions for CVD prevention awareness, there continues to be discussion and research on diet-related CVD and mortality without addressing the problem. Instead of prioritizing public guidelines and policies, policymakers should understand CVD and address population barriers to adhering to a healthy diet that decreases CVD risk. Therefore, this project aims to analyze federal healthy food incentive policies to promote healthy diet behaviors that reduce CVD risk. The method used was existing data for a comparative policy analysis that included a policy proposal process: phases of progression, measures, and a policy model with data collection and requirements. This analysis compared a current federal food incentive program versus the proposed program. Results of the final analysis derived from the literature review and collected data stated consuming foods from the Mediterranean and other low-fat and low-salt diets reduced CVD risks that also reduced other risks secondary to CVD, such as obesity, diabetes, and Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA). Comparatively, combined healthy food incentives and disincentives were more effective for improving healthy behaviors than, in some cases, even after incentives were removed. Therefore, this policy analysis supports the indication for incentive policy change. However, the lack of federal stakeholders’ response to key policy changes upon proposal submission may require other methods of proposal dissemination. Nonetheless, focusing analysis on various Food Insecurity Nutrition Incentive (FINI) programs instead of one, multi-state program, which may have improved analysis outcomes, was the lesson learned.
