Brassica napus(oilseed rape)is sensitive to boron(B)deficiency and exhibits young leaf curling in response to low-B stress at the seedling stage,which leads to reduced photosynthesis and plant growth.So far,no gene ha...Brassica napus(oilseed rape)is sensitive to boron(B)deficiency and exhibits young leaf curling in response to low-B stress at the seedling stage,which leads to reduced photosynthesis and plant growth.So far,no gene has been identified to be involved in B deficiency induced leaf curling.Our previous results showed the transcription factor BnaA1.WRKY53 might be involved in B-deficiency tolerance.However,altered BnaA1.WRKY53 expression does not influence B concentration in shoot,root and leaf cell walls,which suggests Bna A1.WRKY53 might be involved in other biological processes.Indeed,phenotypic and anatomical analyses revealed that BnaA1.WRKY53 negatively regulated the leaf curling induced by leaf epinasty by suppressing the overexpansion of palisade cells under B deficiency.Further transcriptome enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between wild-type and BnaA1.WRKY53overexpression line showed auxin response pathway was enriched.In addition,Arabidopsis DR5::GFP auxin reporter line showed B deficiency caused predominant auxin signal accumulation in the adaxial side and concomitant adaxial cell expansion,which indicated that B deficiency may induce leaf curling by altering auxin distribution.Phytohormone quantification and gene expression analysis demonstrated that BnaA1.WRKY53 prevent auxin overaccumulation in leaves by suppressing auxin biosynthetic genes under B deficiency.Furthermore,exogenous 1-naphthlcetic acid(NAA)treatment experiments revealed that high auxin could induce leaf curling and BnaA1.WRKY53 expression.Overall,these findings demonstrate that auxin and the transcription factor BnaA1.WRKY53 synergistically regulate leaf curling to maintain an optimal leaf area under B deficiency,and provide novel insights into the resistance mechanisms against B-deficiency-induced leaf curling in oilseed rape.展开更多
Soil curling is an important phenomenon associated with volume changes induced by increasing soil suction upon desiccation.The study of soil behaviors associated with drying in soils(e.g.soil shrinkage,desiccation cra...Soil curling is an important phenomenon associated with volume changes induced by increasing soil suction upon desiccation.The study of soil behaviors associated with drying in soils(e.g.soil shrinkage,desiccation cracks and curling)has received increasing attention over the last few years,which has been mainly driven by the forecast climate change that will warm up our planet.There are significant gaps in the current knowledge related to the factors that control the development of curling deformations in soils.For this,the curling phenomenon is investigated through laboratory desiccation tests on different mixtures of artificial soils.The effects of soil grain size distribution,mineralogy,soil microstructure,and soil water content on the curling deformation are analyzed.Digital photos were taken at regular time intervals during the tests to understand the volume changes in the soil samples during drying.It is found that soil fabric and soil water content have significant effects on curling scenario.It is observed that the percentage of sand particles and the initial water content play a critical role in the development of soil curling.Samples of pure clayey minerals experienced shrinkage without or with minor curling during drying.展开更多
BACKGROUND While sunburns are very common,especially in pediatrics,curling ulcers secondary to sunburns are a very rare entity that has not been noted in the literature in over fifty years.This case is the first addit...BACKGROUND While sunburns are very common,especially in pediatrics,curling ulcers secondary to sunburns are a very rare entity that has not been noted in the literature in over fifty years.This case is the first addition to the literature since the originally documented case.CASE SUMMARY A previously healthy 17 year old male presents to the emergency room with lethargy,shortness of breath on exertion,dark stools and nausea.His fatigue started to become significantly worse four days prior to admission.Approximately two weeks prior to admission,the patient was on a beach vacation with his family at which time he suffered severe sunburns.He had developed crampy epigastric abdominal pain,which was followed by dark,loose stools.On exam,he is non-toxic appearing,but with pallor and peeling skin on his face and chest with epigastric tenderness.Infectious stool studies were all negative including Helicobacter pylori.He denies use of any non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and also denies alcohol or recreational drug use.While admitted he is found to be significantly anemic with his hemoglobin as low as 6.3 requiring two units of packed red blood cells.Endoscopy revealed several severe and deep ulcerations in the antrum and body of the stomach indicative of stress or curling ulcers.CONCLUSION While the incidence of stress ulcers is not known,it is most common with severe acute illness,most commonly presenting as upper gastrointestinal(GI)bleeding.It is essential to be aware of the risk of curling ulcers secondary to severe sunburns as patients with stress ulcer GI bleeding have increased morbidity and mortality compared to those who do not have GI bleed.展开更多
Curling results from the temperature differential across the concrete slab thickness and may induce undue stresses in newly placed slab. This study deals with the finite element （FE） analysis of curling, curling str...Curling results from the temperature differential across the concrete slab thickness and may induce undue stresses in newly placed slab. This study deals with the finite element （FE） analysis of curling, curling stresses, field measurement of curling on a newly built jointed plain concrete pavement, and comparison of its long-term performance using both Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide （MEPDG） and HIPERPAVII software. The FE analysis was performed with a software program, ANSYS. The test section was modeled as a three-layer system with 300 mm concrete slab, 100 mm treated drainable base, and 150 mm lime-treated subgrade. All layers were assumed to be linear elastic. Temperature data was collected at five different depth locations across the concrete slab with digital data loggers. Curling was measured on five different days with a simple setup. The effect of temperature nonlinearities across the slab thickness was also examined. The results show that both upward and downward curling increase as the temperature differential increases. The maximum stress resulting from the combined effect of curling and traffic loading due to positive temperature differential is higher than that due to the negative temperature differential of the same magnitude. Since temperature differential has a significant influence on curling, both curling and curling stresses can be mitigated at an early age with temperature control, namely via enhanced curing. Both MEPDG and HIPERPAVII showed approximately the same performance for the PCC thickness ranging from 215 mm to 300 mm for this project. Performance prediction from HIPERPAVII is very sensitive to the change in PCC thickness less than 230 mm whereas MEPDG prediction is not as sensitive to the thickness change as with HIPERPAV 1I.展开更多
The effect of the deformation condition on the axial compressive precision forming process of tube with curling die was investigated by using a rigid-plastic FEM. The results show that the forming accuracy depends mai...The effect of the deformation condition on the axial compressive precision forming process of tube with curling die was investigated by using a rigid-plastic FEM. The results show that the forming accuracy depends mainly on geometric condition rp/d0, little on tube material properties and friction condition; the relative gap △/2rp of double-walled tubes obtained decreases with Increasing rp/d0, and there is a parameter k for a given to/do or rp/t0, when rp/d0 >k, △/2rp< 1, otherwise △/2rp>1.展开更多
The theoretical formula for estimating the side curling short spiral chips is simplified. On the basis of experiment, a practical formula for forecasting the chip breaking length is obtained. It is proved by experime...The theoretical formula for estimating the side curling short spiral chips is simplified. On the basis of experiment, a practical formula for forecasting the chip breaking length is obtained. It is proved by experiment that the result from the practical formula fits well with that from the experiments.展开更多
The East African country is a sports powerhouse, especially in athletics. It is now trying to develop curling An athlete moves forward, focused on his aim, and slides a stone across the ice. The curl is in place. Two ...The East African country is a sports powerhouse, especially in athletics. It is now trying to develop curling An athlete moves forward, focused on his aim, and slides a stone across the ice. The curl is in place. Two other athletes use brooms to furiously wipe the ice against the advancing piece of granite to keep it on course, without touching it, so that it comes to a stop close to the center of the “house,” as the target on the track is called. Curling is a high-intensity sport that needs strategy and focus.展开更多
In curling competitions, the throwing strategy has a decisive influence on the outcome of the game. When robots are applied to the sport of curling, they first need to understand the various throwing strategies in cur...In curling competitions, the throwing strategy has a decisive influence on the outcome of the game. When robots are applied to the sport of curling, they first need to understand the various throwing strategies in curling competitions and then adjust their motion control parameters to achieve the corresponding strategic throws. However, current curling strategy research lacks mathematical analysis and descriptive methods for throwing strategies tailored to robots. Moreover, research on how robots can solve for corresponding throwing strategies is lacking. These limitations have restricted the application and development of curling robots in the sport. Here, the concepts of the curling stone’s hitting domain and hitting tree are introduced to analyze and describe the curling strategies for robots by constructing the curling hitting domain through a curling collision model and by building the hitting tree through operations such as combination, permutation, and pruning. Furthermore, based on the solution methods for hitting domains and hitting trees, a search solution method for the control parameters of robots is developed. The research findings are integrated into a curling robot auxiliary decision-making software. With the help of the auxiliary software, the curling robot achieves victory in competitions against humans. The research outcomes are of great importance for the application and development of curling robots and legged robots.展开更多
及时而稳定气象资料支撑是气象预报与科研任务的基础[1],省级气象部门需要通过地面线路从国家气象信息中心以ftp(File Transfer Protocol)协议下载数值预报模式等资料[2],由于ftp协议工作交互模式下,在实际应用中,在Linux系统中基于ftp...及时而稳定气象资料支撑是气象预报与科研任务的基础[1],省级气象部门需要通过地面线路从国家气象信息中心以ftp(File Transfer Protocol)协议下载数值预报模式等资料[2],由于ftp协议工作交互模式下,在实际应用中,在Linux系统中基于ftp交互模式很难做到自动、稳定、高速下载气象资料的功能[3]。针对这个问题,该研究对curl的功能进行了详细的研究,基于curl实现对ftp协议的重要功能实现直接调用,研发了通用气象资料的传输平台,平台解决了ftp交互模式下载资料的问题,实现了通过发挥ftp协议的功能同时,又克服了需要交互执行的不足,对气象资料的稳定传输与支撑工作做出了重要贡献。展开更多
Let(u,B)be a strong solution of the magneto-hydrodynamic system on three dimensional torus T^(3).In this note,using the properties of the curl operator,we show that‖(▽×(u-B),▽×(u+B))(·,t)‖L^(1)+1/2v...Let(u,B)be a strong solution of the magneto-hydrodynamic system on three dimensional torus T^(3).In this note,using the properties of the curl operator,we show that‖(▽×(u-B),▽×(u+B))(·,t)‖L^(1)+1/2v‖(u-B,u+B)(·,t)‖_(L^(2))^(2)is decreasing in time t as long as the solution(u,B)(·,t)exists,where∇×w means the curl of the vector function w,and v>0 is the viscosity coefficient.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to detect and analyze tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus(ToLCNDV).[Methods]Through PCR detection,sequence analysis,and pathogenicity verification,tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus(ToL...[Objectives]This study was conducted to detect and analyze tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus(ToLCNDV).[Methods]Through PCR detection,sequence analysis,and pathogenicity verification,tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus(ToLCNDV)was identified in zucchini exhibiting systemic disease symptoms during a 2024 outbreak in Qingzhou City,Shandong Province,and was designated as ToLCNDV-SD.[Results]Specific primer amplification showed that all eight diseased samples produced bands of 504 bp(DNA-A)and 892 bp(DNA-B).Sequencing analysis revealed that ToLCNDV-SD DNA-A shared 96.10%homology with an Indonesian melon isolate(LC421834.1),while DNA-B showed 88.31%homology with a Malaysian bitter gourd isolate(MW248678.1).Phylogenetic analysis indicated its closest relationship with Southeast Asian cucurbit-infecting isolates.Friction transmission tests confirmed that the virus could spread mechanically,inducing typical symptoms 14 d after inoculation with positive PCR detection.[Conclusions]This study provides important insights for understanding the epidemic mechanisms and control strategies of ToLCNDV in China.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32002122,32372805)。
文摘Brassica napus(oilseed rape)is sensitive to boron(B)deficiency and exhibits young leaf curling in response to low-B stress at the seedling stage,which leads to reduced photosynthesis and plant growth.So far,no gene has been identified to be involved in B deficiency induced leaf curling.Our previous results showed the transcription factor BnaA1.WRKY53 might be involved in B-deficiency tolerance.However,altered BnaA1.WRKY53 expression does not influence B concentration in shoot,root and leaf cell walls,which suggests Bna A1.WRKY53 might be involved in other biological processes.Indeed,phenotypic and anatomical analyses revealed that BnaA1.WRKY53 negatively regulated the leaf curling induced by leaf epinasty by suppressing the overexpansion of palisade cells under B deficiency.Further transcriptome enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between wild-type and BnaA1.WRKY53overexpression line showed auxin response pathway was enriched.In addition,Arabidopsis DR5::GFP auxin reporter line showed B deficiency caused predominant auxin signal accumulation in the adaxial side and concomitant adaxial cell expansion,which indicated that B deficiency may induce leaf curling by altering auxin distribution.Phytohormone quantification and gene expression analysis demonstrated that BnaA1.WRKY53 prevent auxin overaccumulation in leaves by suppressing auxin biosynthetic genes under B deficiency.Furthermore,exogenous 1-naphthlcetic acid(NAA)treatment experiments revealed that high auxin could induce leaf curling and BnaA1.WRKY53 expression.Overall,these findings demonstrate that auxin and the transcription factor BnaA1.WRKY53 synergistically regulate leaf curling to maintain an optimal leaf area under B deficiency,and provide novel insights into the resistance mechanisms against B-deficiency-induced leaf curling in oilseed rape.
文摘Soil curling is an important phenomenon associated with volume changes induced by increasing soil suction upon desiccation.The study of soil behaviors associated with drying in soils(e.g.soil shrinkage,desiccation cracks and curling)has received increasing attention over the last few years,which has been mainly driven by the forecast climate change that will warm up our planet.There are significant gaps in the current knowledge related to the factors that control the development of curling deformations in soils.For this,the curling phenomenon is investigated through laboratory desiccation tests on different mixtures of artificial soils.The effects of soil grain size distribution,mineralogy,soil microstructure,and soil water content on the curling deformation are analyzed.Digital photos were taken at regular time intervals during the tests to understand the volume changes in the soil samples during drying.It is found that soil fabric and soil water content have significant effects on curling scenario.It is observed that the percentage of sand particles and the initial water content play a critical role in the development of soil curling.Samples of pure clayey minerals experienced shrinkage without or with minor curling during drying.
文摘BACKGROUND While sunburns are very common,especially in pediatrics,curling ulcers secondary to sunburns are a very rare entity that has not been noted in the literature in over fifty years.This case is the first addition to the literature since the originally documented case.CASE SUMMARY A previously healthy 17 year old male presents to the emergency room with lethargy,shortness of breath on exertion,dark stools and nausea.His fatigue started to become significantly worse four days prior to admission.Approximately two weeks prior to admission,the patient was on a beach vacation with his family at which time he suffered severe sunburns.He had developed crampy epigastric abdominal pain,which was followed by dark,loose stools.On exam,he is non-toxic appearing,but with pallor and peeling skin on his face and chest with epigastric tenderness.Infectious stool studies were all negative including Helicobacter pylori.He denies use of any non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and also denies alcohol or recreational drug use.While admitted he is found to be significantly anemic with his hemoglobin as low as 6.3 requiring two units of packed red blood cells.Endoscopy revealed several severe and deep ulcerations in the antrum and body of the stomach indicative of stress or curling ulcers.CONCLUSION While the incidence of stress ulcers is not known,it is most common with severe acute illness,most commonly presenting as upper gastrointestinal(GI)bleeding.It is essential to be aware of the risk of curling ulcers secondary to severe sunburns as patients with stress ulcer GI bleeding have increased morbidity and mortality compared to those who do not have GI bleed.
文摘Curling results from the temperature differential across the concrete slab thickness and may induce undue stresses in newly placed slab. This study deals with the finite element （FE） analysis of curling, curling stresses, field measurement of curling on a newly built jointed plain concrete pavement, and comparison of its long-term performance using both Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide （MEPDG） and HIPERPAVII software. The FE analysis was performed with a software program, ANSYS. The test section was modeled as a three-layer system with 300 mm concrete slab, 100 mm treated drainable base, and 150 mm lime-treated subgrade. All layers were assumed to be linear elastic. Temperature data was collected at five different depth locations across the concrete slab with digital data loggers. Curling was measured on five different days with a simple setup. The effect of temperature nonlinearities across the slab thickness was also examined. The results show that both upward and downward curling increase as the temperature differential increases. The maximum stress resulting from the combined effect of curling and traffic loading due to positive temperature differential is higher than that due to the negative temperature differential of the same magnitude. Since temperature differential has a significant influence on curling, both curling and curling stresses can be mitigated at an early age with temperature control, namely via enhanced curing. Both MEPDG and HIPERPAVII showed approximately the same performance for the PCC thickness ranging from 215 mm to 300 mm for this project. Performance prediction from HIPERPAVII is very sensitive to the change in PCC thickness less than 230 mm whereas MEPDG prediction is not as sensitive to the thickness change as with HIPERPAV 1I.
基金The authors would like to thank NSFC for support toenable the performing of this research (No. 59775055).
文摘The effect of the deformation condition on the axial compressive precision forming process of tube with curling die was investigated by using a rigid-plastic FEM. The results show that the forming accuracy depends mainly on geometric condition rp/d0, little on tube material properties and friction condition; the relative gap △/2rp of double-walled tubes obtained decreases with Increasing rp/d0, and there is a parameter k for a given to/do or rp/t0, when rp/d0 >k, △/2rp< 1, otherwise △/2rp>1.
文摘The theoretical formula for estimating the side curling short spiral chips is simplified. On the basis of experiment, a practical formula for forecasting the chip breaking length is obtained. It is proved by experiment that the result from the practical formula fits well with that from the experiments.
文摘The East African country is a sports powerhouse, especially in athletics. It is now trying to develop curling An athlete moves forward, focused on his aim, and slides a stone across the ice. The curl is in place. Two other athletes use brooms to furiously wipe the ice against the advancing piece of granite to keep it on course, without touching it, so that it comes to a stop close to the center of the “house,” as the target on the track is called. Curling is a high-intensity sport that needs strategy and focus.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.92248303).
文摘In curling competitions, the throwing strategy has a decisive influence on the outcome of the game. When robots are applied to the sport of curling, they first need to understand the various throwing strategies in curling competitions and then adjust their motion control parameters to achieve the corresponding strategic throws. However, current curling strategy research lacks mathematical analysis and descriptive methods for throwing strategies tailored to robots. Moreover, research on how robots can solve for corresponding throwing strategies is lacking. These limitations have restricted the application and development of curling robots in the sport. Here, the concepts of the curling stone’s hitting domain and hitting tree are introduced to analyze and describe the curling strategies for robots by constructing the curling hitting domain through a curling collision model and by building the hitting tree through operations such as combination, permutation, and pruning. Furthermore, based on the solution methods for hitting domains and hitting trees, a search solution method for the control parameters of robots is developed. The research findings are integrated into a curling robot auxiliary decision-making software. With the help of the auxiliary software, the curling robot achieves victory in competitions against humans. The research outcomes are of great importance for the application and development of curling robots and legged robots.
文摘及时而稳定气象资料支撑是气象预报与科研任务的基础[1],省级气象部门需要通过地面线路从国家气象信息中心以ftp(File Transfer Protocol)协议下载数值预报模式等资料[2],由于ftp协议工作交互模式下,在实际应用中,在Linux系统中基于ftp交互模式很难做到自动、稳定、高速下载气象资料的功能[3]。针对这个问题,该研究对curl的功能进行了详细的研究,基于curl实现对ftp协议的重要功能实现直接调用,研发了通用气象资料的传输平台,平台解决了ftp交互模式下载资料的问题,实现了通过发挥ftp协议的功能同时,又克服了需要交互执行的不足,对气象资料的稳定传输与支撑工作做出了重要贡献。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12371123).
文摘Let(u,B)be a strong solution of the magneto-hydrodynamic system on three dimensional torus T^(3).In this note,using the properties of the curl operator,we show that‖(▽×(u-B),▽×(u+B))(·,t)‖L^(1)+1/2v‖(u-B,u+B)(·,t)‖_(L^(2))^(2)is decreasing in time t as long as the solution(u,B)(·,t)exists,where∇×w means the curl of the vector function w,and v>0 is the viscosity coefficient.
基金Supported by Taishan Industry Leading Talent Program in Shandong Province(tscx202306156)Weifang Science and Technology Development Program(2024GX073).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to detect and analyze tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus(ToLCNDV).[Methods]Through PCR detection,sequence analysis,and pathogenicity verification,tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus(ToLCNDV)was identified in zucchini exhibiting systemic disease symptoms during a 2024 outbreak in Qingzhou City,Shandong Province,and was designated as ToLCNDV-SD.[Results]Specific primer amplification showed that all eight diseased samples produced bands of 504 bp(DNA-A)and 892 bp(DNA-B).Sequencing analysis revealed that ToLCNDV-SD DNA-A shared 96.10%homology with an Indonesian melon isolate(LC421834.1),while DNA-B showed 88.31%homology with a Malaysian bitter gourd isolate(MW248678.1).Phylogenetic analysis indicated its closest relationship with Southeast Asian cucurbit-infecting isolates.Friction transmission tests confirmed that the virus could spread mechanically,inducing typical symptoms 14 d after inoculation with positive PCR detection.[Conclusions]This study provides important insights for understanding the epidemic mechanisms and control strategies of ToLCNDV in China.
