Background: To evaluate whether current dose reduction strategies for the CT component of hybrid Positron Emission Tomography—Computed Tomography (PET/CT) systems could reduce patient dose with maintaining adequate i...Background: To evaluate whether current dose reduction strategies for the CT component of hybrid Positron Emission Tomography—Computed Tomography (PET/CT) systems could reduce patient dose with maintaining adequate image quality for PET/CT studies. Materials and Methods: Literature survey was initially based on the selection of keywords and years of publication to identify potentially relevant articles, then the further search was conducted on the authors and references from these articles. The abstract of each article was first appraised to decide whether the content was relevant to this research question. The articles were classified into five groups: studies on dosimetry, studies on radiation-induced diseases, studies on dose reduction methods for CT-based attenuation correction (CTAC), studies on dose reduction methods for CT localization, and studies on reducing the need for a full-dose diagnostic CT in PET/CT imaging. 58 peer-reviewed articles were selected and appraised and 29 articles were used to compose this literature review. Results: The published nuclear medicine and medical physics literature were reviewed. CT dose contributed 47% - 81% of the total effective dose of a standard PET/CT study and was associated with radiation-induced diseases. The dose reduction techniques were extracted and divided into three categories: reducing the CT dose for attenuation correction (AC) and localization, selectively localizing CT use, and reducing the need for a full-dose diagnostic CT. Conclusion: Three strategies have been demonstrated, with high potential for reducing patient dose while maintaining an adequate CT image quality, used for CTCA localization and diagnosis, respectively.展开更多
目的探究低剂量多层螺旋CT(MSCT)与X线在新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)诊断中的应用价值。方法收集2019年1月至2024年2月我院收治的100例NRDS的病例资料,均接受MSCT及X线检查,观察其MSCT及X线特点,评估其两者对NRDS的诊断效能。结果(1)100...目的探究低剂量多层螺旋CT(MSCT)与X线在新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)诊断中的应用价值。方法收集2019年1月至2024年2月我院收治的100例NRDS的病例资料,均接受MSCT及X线检查,观察其MSCT及X线特点,评估其两者对NRDS的诊断效能。结果(1)100例NRDS患儿的MSCT图像中图像质量优42例(42.00%),图像质量良37例(37.00%),图像质量合格20例(20.00%),1例患儿图像质量不合格,图像质量合格率为99.00%,经镇静后重新检查,合格率为100%。100例NRDS患儿中,35例(35.00%)患儿MSCT示双肺野呈大片状,且形状不对称,边缘模糊,形成浸润影,双肺背部肺组织改变更明显;20例(20.00%)患儿MSCT示双肺纹理增多,且纹理模糊,沿肺纹理可见斑点状影或模糊小斑片状影;30例(30.00%)患儿MSCT示双肺呈低透亮度,可见磨玻璃样;15例(15.00%)患儿MSCT示双肺野密度均升高,且呈白肺,其中10例(10.00%)患儿呈现肺组织受压,纵隔移位至健侧表现。(2)100例NRDS患儿中,58例(58.00%)患儿X线示双肺可见广泛细颗粒网状影,心影、横隔均清晰可见,且伴有支气管充气征;42例(42.00%)患儿X线示双肺野一致性密度升高,见“白肺”及明显支气管充气征,心影、横隔边缘难以分辨;(3)以临床诊断为金标准,MSCT诊断NRDS的准确率为91.00%,敏感度为94.31%,特异性为66.67%;X线诊断N R D S的准确率为80.00%,敏感度为85.22%,特异性为41.67%;MSCT+X线对NRDS的诊断效能最高,诊断准确率为97.00%,敏感度为97.73%,特异性为91.67%。结论低剂量MSCT及X线对NRDS均具备良好的诊断价值,且MSCT相较X线诊断效能更高,但两者联合诊断可进一步提高诊断效能。展开更多
目的评估双源CT Sn 100kVp能谱纯化用于低剂量肺结节筛查的诊断效能。方法纳入2020年4月至2023年12月期间在南京医科大学附二院接受至少两次低剂量CT检查的100名肺结节患者,将初检患者纳入常规电压组[(以110 kVp、52 mAs行常规电压低剂...目的评估双源CT Sn 100kVp能谱纯化用于低剂量肺结节筛查的诊断效能。方法纳入2020年4月至2023年12月期间在南京医科大学附二院接受至少两次低剂量CT检查的100名肺结节患者,将初检患者纳入常规电压组[(以110 kVp、52 mAs行常规电压低剂量螺旋CT(LDCT)扫描)],复检患者纳入低电压组(以Sn 100kVp、70 mAs行低电压能谱纯化低剂量双源CT扫描),比较两组辐射剂量、客观图像质量评价、主观图像质量评分及诊断效能。结果低电压组的容积CT剂量指数(CTDIvol)、剂量长度乘积(DLP)和有效辐射剂量(ED)均显著低于常规电压组(P均<0.05)。低电压组肺窗标准差(SD)低于常规电压组,肺窗对比噪声比(CNR)高于常规电压组(P均<0.05)。低电压组肺窗、纵隔窗主观图像质量评分低于常规电压组(P均<0.05)。与病理结果相比,常规电压LDCT检测肺结节的Kappa指数为0.944,双源CT Sn 100kVp检测肺结节的Kappa指数为0.917,均与病理结果一致性良好。结论本研究表明,双源CT Sn 100kVp能谱纯化技术在低剂量肺结节筛查中展现出良好的诊断效能,同时显著降低了辐射剂量,为临床提供了一种更为安全有效的筛查方法。展开更多
目的探讨256层螺旋CT高级迭代重组技术(iDose4)在低辐射剂量肺动脉成像应用中的价值。方法将需接受肺动脉CTA检查、身体质量指数(BMI)18.5~24.0的患者60例,随机分成常规组与低剂量组,每组各30例。常规组扫描管电压120 k V,管电流250 m ...目的探讨256层螺旋CT高级迭代重组技术(iDose4)在低辐射剂量肺动脉成像应用中的价值。方法将需接受肺动脉CTA检查、身体质量指数(BMI)18.5~24.0的患者60例,随机分成常规组与低剂量组,每组各30例。常规组扫描管电压120 k V,管电流250 m As,低剂量组扫描管电压80 k V,管电流100 m As,其余扫描参数两组一致。常规组用传统的滤波反投影重组算法(FBP),低剂量组采用迭代重组算法。由2名高级职称的放射科医师以统一标准对各组图像质量进行主观评价。测量、计算肺动脉CT值均数和对比噪声比(CNR)进行客观评价,并计算扫描的辐射剂量指标:平均容积CT辐射量指数(CTDIvol)、辐射量长度乘积(DLP)和有效辐射量(ED)。对两组图像质量主客观评价结果及辐射剂量进行统计学分析。结果两组图像质量主观评价比较无显著差异(P>0.05),常规组肺动脉CT值均数(388.43±35.27)HU,低剂量组肺动脉CT值均数(450.33±55.63)HU,差异具统计学意义(P<0.05);CNR分别是35.68±11.18、34.98±10.96,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CTDIvol分别为16.90 m Gy、2.00 m Gy,DLP分别为(578.33±14.58)m Gy.cm、(93.77±5.92)m Gy.cm,ED分别为(8.10±0.20)m Sv、(1.31±0.08)m Sv,两组各辐射剂量指标的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 256层螺旋CT低剂量扫描结合迭代重建iDose4技术应用在肺动脉成像中,可保证图像质量同时大幅降低辐射剂量,值得临床推广应用。展开更多
文摘Background: To evaluate whether current dose reduction strategies for the CT component of hybrid Positron Emission Tomography—Computed Tomography (PET/CT) systems could reduce patient dose with maintaining adequate image quality for PET/CT studies. Materials and Methods: Literature survey was initially based on the selection of keywords and years of publication to identify potentially relevant articles, then the further search was conducted on the authors and references from these articles. The abstract of each article was first appraised to decide whether the content was relevant to this research question. The articles were classified into five groups: studies on dosimetry, studies on radiation-induced diseases, studies on dose reduction methods for CT-based attenuation correction (CTAC), studies on dose reduction methods for CT localization, and studies on reducing the need for a full-dose diagnostic CT in PET/CT imaging. 58 peer-reviewed articles were selected and appraised and 29 articles were used to compose this literature review. Results: The published nuclear medicine and medical physics literature were reviewed. CT dose contributed 47% - 81% of the total effective dose of a standard PET/CT study and was associated with radiation-induced diseases. The dose reduction techniques were extracted and divided into three categories: reducing the CT dose for attenuation correction (AC) and localization, selectively localizing CT use, and reducing the need for a full-dose diagnostic CT. Conclusion: Three strategies have been demonstrated, with high potential for reducing patient dose while maintaining an adequate CT image quality, used for CTCA localization and diagnosis, respectively.
文摘目的探究低剂量多层螺旋CT(MSCT)与X线在新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)诊断中的应用价值。方法收集2019年1月至2024年2月我院收治的100例NRDS的病例资料,均接受MSCT及X线检查,观察其MSCT及X线特点,评估其两者对NRDS的诊断效能。结果(1)100例NRDS患儿的MSCT图像中图像质量优42例(42.00%),图像质量良37例(37.00%),图像质量合格20例(20.00%),1例患儿图像质量不合格,图像质量合格率为99.00%,经镇静后重新检查,合格率为100%。100例NRDS患儿中,35例(35.00%)患儿MSCT示双肺野呈大片状,且形状不对称,边缘模糊,形成浸润影,双肺背部肺组织改变更明显;20例(20.00%)患儿MSCT示双肺纹理增多,且纹理模糊,沿肺纹理可见斑点状影或模糊小斑片状影;30例(30.00%)患儿MSCT示双肺呈低透亮度,可见磨玻璃样;15例(15.00%)患儿MSCT示双肺野密度均升高,且呈白肺,其中10例(10.00%)患儿呈现肺组织受压,纵隔移位至健侧表现。(2)100例NRDS患儿中,58例(58.00%)患儿X线示双肺可见广泛细颗粒网状影,心影、横隔均清晰可见,且伴有支气管充气征;42例(42.00%)患儿X线示双肺野一致性密度升高,见“白肺”及明显支气管充气征,心影、横隔边缘难以分辨;(3)以临床诊断为金标准,MSCT诊断NRDS的准确率为91.00%,敏感度为94.31%,特异性为66.67%;X线诊断N R D S的准确率为80.00%,敏感度为85.22%,特异性为41.67%;MSCT+X线对NRDS的诊断效能最高,诊断准确率为97.00%,敏感度为97.73%,特异性为91.67%。结论低剂量MSCT及X线对NRDS均具备良好的诊断价值,且MSCT相较X线诊断效能更高,但两者联合诊断可进一步提高诊断效能。
文摘目的评估双源CT Sn 100kVp能谱纯化用于低剂量肺结节筛查的诊断效能。方法纳入2020年4月至2023年12月期间在南京医科大学附二院接受至少两次低剂量CT检查的100名肺结节患者,将初检患者纳入常规电压组[(以110 kVp、52 mAs行常规电压低剂量螺旋CT(LDCT)扫描)],复检患者纳入低电压组(以Sn 100kVp、70 mAs行低电压能谱纯化低剂量双源CT扫描),比较两组辐射剂量、客观图像质量评价、主观图像质量评分及诊断效能。结果低电压组的容积CT剂量指数(CTDIvol)、剂量长度乘积(DLP)和有效辐射剂量(ED)均显著低于常规电压组(P均<0.05)。低电压组肺窗标准差(SD)低于常规电压组,肺窗对比噪声比(CNR)高于常规电压组(P均<0.05)。低电压组肺窗、纵隔窗主观图像质量评分低于常规电压组(P均<0.05)。与病理结果相比,常规电压LDCT检测肺结节的Kappa指数为0.944,双源CT Sn 100kVp检测肺结节的Kappa指数为0.917,均与病理结果一致性良好。结论本研究表明,双源CT Sn 100kVp能谱纯化技术在低剂量肺结节筛查中展现出良好的诊断效能,同时显著降低了辐射剂量,为临床提供了一种更为安全有效的筛查方法。
文摘目的:探讨在新生儿胸部CT检查中,结合使用低管电压、固定管电流以及不同权重的iDose4重建技术对图像质量的影响,并评估其可行性。方法:搜集80例行CT检查的新生儿,随机分到A、B两组,A组采用自动曝光控制技术,B组采用固定管电流扫描(33 mA),采用iDose^(4)重建法重建出1~7级不同权重的肺窗和纵隔窗图像,并对比分析图像质量。记录患儿的CTDIVOL,后依据回归模型计算出体型特异性剂量估算值(size specific dose estimate,SSDE),并对比分析。结果:A、B两组患儿iDose^(4)重建算法的最佳权重肺窗为3级,纵隔窗为4级;A、B组患儿CTDIVOL分别为(1.04±0.21)mGy和(0.91±0.18)mGy,A组较B组高12.5%(t=2.17,P=0.04);A、B组患儿的SSDE分别为(2.41±0.36)mGy和(2.07±0.32)mGy,A组较B组高15.4%(t=3.19,P<0.05);A、B组患儿CTDIVOL离散度分别为20.2%(0.21/1.04)和19.8%(0.18/0.91),A、B组患儿SSDE离散度分别为14.5%(0.36/2.41)和15.5%(0.32/2.07)。结论:在新生儿CT检查时推荐使用低管电压、低固定管电流及适当的重建算法权重相结合的方法进行扫描,同时,推荐采用SSDE评估新生儿的辐射剂量。
文摘目的探讨256层螺旋CT高级迭代重组技术(iDose4)在低辐射剂量肺动脉成像应用中的价值。方法将需接受肺动脉CTA检查、身体质量指数(BMI)18.5~24.0的患者60例,随机分成常规组与低剂量组,每组各30例。常规组扫描管电压120 k V,管电流250 m As,低剂量组扫描管电压80 k V,管电流100 m As,其余扫描参数两组一致。常规组用传统的滤波反投影重组算法(FBP),低剂量组采用迭代重组算法。由2名高级职称的放射科医师以统一标准对各组图像质量进行主观评价。测量、计算肺动脉CT值均数和对比噪声比(CNR)进行客观评价,并计算扫描的辐射剂量指标:平均容积CT辐射量指数(CTDIvol)、辐射量长度乘积(DLP)和有效辐射量(ED)。对两组图像质量主客观评价结果及辐射剂量进行统计学分析。结果两组图像质量主观评价比较无显著差异(P>0.05),常规组肺动脉CT值均数(388.43±35.27)HU,低剂量组肺动脉CT值均数(450.33±55.63)HU,差异具统计学意义(P<0.05);CNR分别是35.68±11.18、34.98±10.96,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CTDIvol分别为16.90 m Gy、2.00 m Gy,DLP分别为(578.33±14.58)m Gy.cm、(93.77±5.92)m Gy.cm,ED分别为(8.10±0.20)m Sv、(1.31±0.08)m Sv,两组各辐射剂量指标的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 256层螺旋CT低剂量扫描结合迭代重建iDose4技术应用在肺动脉成像中,可保证图像质量同时大幅降低辐射剂量,值得临床推广应用。
