Against the backdrop of rapid development in China’s construction and infrastructure sectors,discrepancies between project budgets and actual costs have become pronounced,manifesting in project overruns and suspensio...Against the backdrop of rapid development in China’s construction and infrastructure sectors,discrepancies between project budgets and actual costs have become pronounced,manifesting in project overruns and suspensions,posing significant challenges.To address inaccuracies in investment targets and operational complexities,this study focuses on a beam-bridge construction project in a district of Shijiazhuang city as a case study.Drawing upon historical analogs,the project employs a Work Breakdown Structure(WBS)to decompose the engineering works.Building on theories of Cost Significant(CS)and Whole Life Costing(WLC),the study constructs Cost Significant Items(CSIs)and develops a CNN-BiLSTM-Attention neural network for nonlinear prediction.By identifying significant cost drivers in engineering projects,this paper presents a streamlined cost estimation method that significantly reduces computational burdens,simplifies data collection processes,and optimizes data analysis and forecasting,thereby enhancing prediction accuracy.Finally,validation with real-world cost fluctuation data demonstrates minor errors,meeting predictive requirements across project execution phases.展开更多
Global climate change is a pressing environmental challenge.Climate-induced migration highlights the severe impact of unsuitable climatic conditions.However,current research methods are limited in their ability to ass...Global climate change is a pressing environmental challenge.Climate-induced migration highlights the severe impact of unsuitable climatic conditions.However,current research methods are limited in their ability to assess climate suitability for residents in high-altitude areas.In this study,we assess climate suitability across the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau from 1979 to 2018 and project future changes using four different Shared Socioeconomic Pathway(SSP)climate scenarios by constructing the Climate Suitability Index(CSI).The findings reveal a notable increase in CSI from 0.32 to 0.36 from 1979 to 2018.The primary factors contributing to the increased climate suitability are increasing annual mean precipitation(61.42%)and decreasing solar radiation(17.22%)from 1979 to 2018.Furthermore,the study forecasts a continued enhancement of climate suitability across all SSP scenarios,with SSP585 demonstrating the greatest improvement,followed by SSP370,SSP245,and SSP126.Although low oxygen levels at high altitudes remain a challenge,the overall improvement in climate suitability offers hope for people living at high altitudes to cope with climate change.展开更多
With the growing advancement of wireless communication technologies,WiFi-based human sensing has gained increasing attention as a non-intrusive and device-free solution.Among the available signal types,Channel State I...With the growing advancement of wireless communication technologies,WiFi-based human sensing has gained increasing attention as a non-intrusive and device-free solution.Among the available signal types,Channel State Information(CSI)offers fine-grained temporal,frequency,and spatial insights into multipath propagation,making it a crucial data source for human-centric sensing.Recently,the integration of deep learning has significantly improved the robustness and automation of feature extraction from CSI in complex environments.This paper provides a comprehensive review of deep learning-enhanced human sensing based on CSI.We first outline mainstream CSI acquisition tools and their hardware specifications,then provide a detailed discussion of preprocessing methods such as denoising,time–frequency transformation,data segmentation,and augmentation.Subsequently,we categorize deep learning approaches according to sensing tasks—namely detection,localization,and recognition—and highlight representative models across application scenarios.Finally,we examine key challenges including domain generalization,multi-user interference,and limited data availability,and we propose future research directions involving lightweight model deployment,multimodal data fusion,and semantic-level sensing.展开更多
通过压缩信道状态信息(Channel Status Information,CSI)传输码字降低大规模多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO)系统的CSI反馈开销,可以有效减少计算资源的使用和信息传输时间的消耗。针对如何使用轻量化模型准确估计...通过压缩信道状态信息(Channel Status Information,CSI)传输码字降低大规模多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO)系统的CSI反馈开销,可以有效减少计算资源的使用和信息传输时间的消耗。针对如何使用轻量化模型准确估计低压缩比条件下CSI反馈的问题,通过设计的轻量化迭代交叉网络(Iterative Cross Network,ICNet)模型,在用户端使用设计的迭代压缩模块压缩CSI反馈,基站端使用设计的迭代重建模块估计CSI反馈,以较高的准确率和较低的时间消耗估计了低压缩比条件下的CSI反馈。在COST2100模型生成的数据样本下评估了ICNet在低压缩比条件下的鲁棒性,实验表明,在较小的1/64压缩比条件下,ICNet的归一化均方误差比次优值降低了8.48%,ICNet的参数量降低了35%左右。展开更多
针对车联网场景下多入多出-正交时频空(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output-Orthogonal Time Frequency Space,MIMO-OTFS)系统的信道状态信息(Channel State Information,CSI)反馈问题,提出了一种面向时延-多普勒(Delay-Dopler,DD)域CSI反...针对车联网场景下多入多出-正交时频空(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output-Orthogonal Time Frequency Space,MIMO-OTFS)系统的信道状态信息(Channel State Information,CSI)反馈问题,提出了一种面向时延-多普勒(Delay-Dopler,DD)域CSI反馈的时间差分架构Transformer网络(Time-differencing Architecture Delay-Doppler Transformer Network,TA-DD-TransNet),引入分时反馈机制,将残差信息建模与压缩反馈相结合。网络结构融合Transformer的全局建模能力与卷积神经网络的局部特征提取优势,在保持CSI重构精度的同时显著降低了反馈比特数与计算复杂度。在不同车速、信噪比及非完美信道估计条件下的仿真实验结果表明,所提方法在归一化均方误差(Normalized Mean Squared Error,NMSE)和余弦相似度指标上均优于CsiNet、CsiNet+和BCsiNet。在60 km/h、30 dB信噪比、1/4压缩率下,TA-DD-TransNet的NMSE约-27 dB,余弦相似度达0.96。复杂度分析显示,TA-DD-TransNet在1/4压缩率下的编码器和解码器浮点运算次数分别为1.809×10^(7)和2.281×10^(7),参数量均为8.4×10~6左右,显著低于CsiNet+。所提方法能满足车联网中对高可靠低时延通信的实际需求。展开更多
文摘Against the backdrop of rapid development in China’s construction and infrastructure sectors,discrepancies between project budgets and actual costs have become pronounced,manifesting in project overruns and suspensions,posing significant challenges.To address inaccuracies in investment targets and operational complexities,this study focuses on a beam-bridge construction project in a district of Shijiazhuang city as a case study.Drawing upon historical analogs,the project employs a Work Breakdown Structure(WBS)to decompose the engineering works.Building on theories of Cost Significant(CS)and Whole Life Costing(WLC),the study constructs Cost Significant Items(CSIs)and develops a CNN-BiLSTM-Attention neural network for nonlinear prediction.By identifying significant cost drivers in engineering projects,this paper presents a streamlined cost estimation method that significantly reduces computational burdens,simplifies data collection processes,and optimizes data analysis and forecasting,thereby enhancing prediction accuracy.Finally,validation with real-world cost fluctuation data demonstrates minor errors,meeting predictive requirements across project execution phases.
基金funded by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(Grant No.2019QZKK0608).
文摘Global climate change is a pressing environmental challenge.Climate-induced migration highlights the severe impact of unsuitable climatic conditions.However,current research methods are limited in their ability to assess climate suitability for residents in high-altitude areas.In this study,we assess climate suitability across the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau from 1979 to 2018 and project future changes using four different Shared Socioeconomic Pathway(SSP)climate scenarios by constructing the Climate Suitability Index(CSI).The findings reveal a notable increase in CSI from 0.32 to 0.36 from 1979 to 2018.The primary factors contributing to the increased climate suitability are increasing annual mean precipitation(61.42%)and decreasing solar radiation(17.22%)from 1979 to 2018.Furthermore,the study forecasts a continued enhancement of climate suitability across all SSP scenarios,with SSP585 demonstrating the greatest improvement,followed by SSP370,SSP245,and SSP126.Although low oxygen levels at high altitudes remain a challenge,the overall improvement in climate suitability offers hope for people living at high altitudes to cope with climate change.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under grant U23A20310.
文摘With the growing advancement of wireless communication technologies,WiFi-based human sensing has gained increasing attention as a non-intrusive and device-free solution.Among the available signal types,Channel State Information(CSI)offers fine-grained temporal,frequency,and spatial insights into multipath propagation,making it a crucial data source for human-centric sensing.Recently,the integration of deep learning has significantly improved the robustness and automation of feature extraction from CSI in complex environments.This paper provides a comprehensive review of deep learning-enhanced human sensing based on CSI.We first outline mainstream CSI acquisition tools and their hardware specifications,then provide a detailed discussion of preprocessing methods such as denoising,time–frequency transformation,data segmentation,and augmentation.Subsequently,we categorize deep learning approaches according to sensing tasks—namely detection,localization,and recognition—and highlight representative models across application scenarios.Finally,we examine key challenges including domain generalization,multi-user interference,and limited data availability,and we propose future research directions involving lightweight model deployment,multimodal data fusion,and semantic-level sensing.
文摘针对车联网场景下多入多出-正交时频空(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output-Orthogonal Time Frequency Space,MIMO-OTFS)系统的信道状态信息(Channel State Information,CSI)反馈问题,提出了一种面向时延-多普勒(Delay-Dopler,DD)域CSI反馈的时间差分架构Transformer网络(Time-differencing Architecture Delay-Doppler Transformer Network,TA-DD-TransNet),引入分时反馈机制,将残差信息建模与压缩反馈相结合。网络结构融合Transformer的全局建模能力与卷积神经网络的局部特征提取优势,在保持CSI重构精度的同时显著降低了反馈比特数与计算复杂度。在不同车速、信噪比及非完美信道估计条件下的仿真实验结果表明,所提方法在归一化均方误差(Normalized Mean Squared Error,NMSE)和余弦相似度指标上均优于CsiNet、CsiNet+和BCsiNet。在60 km/h、30 dB信噪比、1/4压缩率下,TA-DD-TransNet的NMSE约-27 dB,余弦相似度达0.96。复杂度分析显示,TA-DD-TransNet在1/4压缩率下的编码器和解码器浮点运算次数分别为1.809×10^(7)和2.281×10^(7),参数量均为8.4×10~6左右,显著低于CsiNet+。所提方法能满足车联网中对高可靠低时延通信的实际需求。
