Background Reproductive efficiency in goats is closely linked to the healthy development of follicles,with the proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells(GCs)playing a crucial role in this process.Sirtuin 3(SIRT3),an en...Background Reproductive efficiency in goats is closely linked to the healthy development of follicles,with the proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells(GCs)playing a crucial role in this process.Sirtuin 3(SIRT3),an enzyme that catalyzes post-translational modifications(PTMs)of proteins,is known to regulate a variety of mitochondrial metabolic pathways,thereby affecting cell fate.However,the specific effect of SIRT3 on the follicular development process remains unclear.Therefore,this study aimed to investigate the regulatory role of SIRT3 in the mitochondrial function and proliferation of goat GCs,as well as the underlying mechanisms involved.Results In this study,GCs from small follicles in goat ovaries presented increased proliferative potential and elevated SIRT3 expression levels compared with those from large follicles.In vitro,SIRT3 overexpression enhanced mitochondrial function,promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in GCs.Correspondingly,the inhibition of SIRT3 led to the opposite effects.Notably,SIRT3 interacted with carnitine palmitoyl transferase 2(CPT2)and stabilized the CPT2 protein by mediating delactylation,which prolonged the half-life of CPT2 and prevented its degradation.Further investigation revealed that CPT2 overexpression enhanced fatty acidβ-oxidation and mitochondrial function in GCs.Additionally,CPT2 promoted the proliferation of GCs by increasing the protein levels ofβ-catenin and its downstream target,cyclin D1(CCND1).However,this effect was reversed by 3-TYP(a SIRT3 inhibitor).Conclusions SIRT3 stabilizes CPT2 protein expression through delactylation,thereby enhancing mitochondrial function and the proliferative capacity of GCs in goats.This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms and regulatory pathways involved in mammalian follicular development.展开更多
环境中的杂散磁场以及电路部分产生的磁场会导致相干布居囚禁(Coherent Population Trapping,CPT)原子钟跃迁谱线的频移,从而影响其长期频率稳定度。为减小传统电加热温控设备引入的干扰磁场,研究采用了一种z型双层加热结构。通过有限...环境中的杂散磁场以及电路部分产生的磁场会导致相干布居囚禁(Coherent Population Trapping,CPT)原子钟跃迁谱线的频移,从而影响其长期频率稳定度。为减小传统电加热温控设备引入的干扰磁场,研究采用了一种z型双层加热结构。通过有限元分析软件进行仿真,对比传统与新型加热片在原子气室中心产生的轴向磁场分布。结果显示,双层z型加热结构的干扰磁场强度约降低至传统加热片的0.05%,磁场均匀度提高了1700倍以上。进一步调节双层加热片的各层电流,干扰磁场可减小到不足15 nT,且温度调节引起的磁场波动范围仅为0.33 nT。磁屏蔽环境下的测试结果与仿真相符,显著提升了CPT原子钟的长期频率稳定度。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1300202)the Technology Innovation and Application Development Special Project of Chongqing(cstc2021jscx-gksbX0008).
文摘Background Reproductive efficiency in goats is closely linked to the healthy development of follicles,with the proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells(GCs)playing a crucial role in this process.Sirtuin 3(SIRT3),an enzyme that catalyzes post-translational modifications(PTMs)of proteins,is known to regulate a variety of mitochondrial metabolic pathways,thereby affecting cell fate.However,the specific effect of SIRT3 on the follicular development process remains unclear.Therefore,this study aimed to investigate the regulatory role of SIRT3 in the mitochondrial function and proliferation of goat GCs,as well as the underlying mechanisms involved.Results In this study,GCs from small follicles in goat ovaries presented increased proliferative potential and elevated SIRT3 expression levels compared with those from large follicles.In vitro,SIRT3 overexpression enhanced mitochondrial function,promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in GCs.Correspondingly,the inhibition of SIRT3 led to the opposite effects.Notably,SIRT3 interacted with carnitine palmitoyl transferase 2(CPT2)and stabilized the CPT2 protein by mediating delactylation,which prolonged the half-life of CPT2 and prevented its degradation.Further investigation revealed that CPT2 overexpression enhanced fatty acidβ-oxidation and mitochondrial function in GCs.Additionally,CPT2 promoted the proliferation of GCs by increasing the protein levels ofβ-catenin and its downstream target,cyclin D1(CCND1).However,this effect was reversed by 3-TYP(a SIRT3 inhibitor).Conclusions SIRT3 stabilizes CPT2 protein expression through delactylation,thereby enhancing mitochondrial function and the proliferative capacity of GCs in goats.This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms and regulatory pathways involved in mammalian follicular development.
文摘环境中的杂散磁场以及电路部分产生的磁场会导致相干布居囚禁(Coherent Population Trapping,CPT)原子钟跃迁谱线的频移,从而影响其长期频率稳定度。为减小传统电加热温控设备引入的干扰磁场,研究采用了一种z型双层加热结构。通过有限元分析软件进行仿真,对比传统与新型加热片在原子气室中心产生的轴向磁场分布。结果显示,双层z型加热结构的干扰磁场强度约降低至传统加热片的0.05%,磁场均匀度提高了1700倍以上。进一步调节双层加热片的各层电流,干扰磁场可减小到不足15 nT,且温度调节引起的磁场波动范围仅为0.33 nT。磁屏蔽环境下的测试结果与仿真相符,显著提升了CPT原子钟的长期频率稳定度。
