The plant hormone ethylene plays various functions in plant growth, development and response to environmental stress. Ethylene is perceived by membranebound ethylene receptors, and among the homologous receptors in Ar...The plant hormone ethylene plays various functions in plant growth, development and response to environmental stress. Ethylene is perceived by membranebound ethylene receptors, and among the homologous receptors in Arabidopsis, the ETR1 ethylene receptor plays a major role. The present study provides evidence demonstrating that Arabidopsis CPR5 functions as a novel ETR1 receptor-interacting protein in regulating ethylene response and signaling. Yeast split ubiquitin assays and bifluorescence complementation studies in plant cells indicated that CPR5 directly interacts with the ETR1 receptor. Genetic analyses indicated that mutant alleles of cpr5 can suppress ethylene insensitivity in both etr1-1 and etr1-2, but not in other dominant ethylene receptormutants. Overexpression of Arabidopsis CPR5 either in transgenic Arabidopsis plants, or ectopically in tobacco,significantly enhanced ethylene sensitivity. These findings indicate that CPR5 plays a critical role in regulating ethylene signaling. CPR5 is localized to endomembrane structures and the nucleus, and is involved in various regulatory pathways, including pathogenesis, leaf senescence, and spontaneous cell death. This study provides evidence for a novel regulatory function played by CPR5 in the ethylene receptor signaling pathway in Arabidopsis.展开更多
Plant cells possess a two-layered immune system consisting of pattern-triggered immunity(PTI)and effector-triggered immunity(ETI), mediated by cell surface pattern-recognition receptors and intracellular nucleotide-bi...Plant cells possess a two-layered immune system consisting of pattern-triggered immunity(PTI)and effector-triggered immunity(ETI), mediated by cell surface pattern-recognition receptors and intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors(NLRs), respectively. The CONSTITUTIVE EXPRESSION OF PR GENES 5(CPR5) nuclear pore complex protein negatively regulates ETI, including ETI-associated hypersensitive response. Here, we show that CPR5 is essential for the activation of various PTI responses in Arabidopsis, such as resistance to the non-adapted bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 hrc C-. In a forward-genetic screen for suppressors of cpr5, we identified the mediator protein MED4. Mutation of MED4 in cpr5 greatly restored the defective PTI of cpr5. Our findings reveal that CPR5 plays opposite roles in regulating PTI and ETI, and genetically regulates PTI via MED4.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31370322)the Shandong Development Program for Science and Technology (2015GNC110012) to CHD+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31400247) to HPa grant from the National Institutes of Health 1R01GM071855 to CC
文摘The plant hormone ethylene plays various functions in plant growth, development and response to environmental stress. Ethylene is perceived by membranebound ethylene receptors, and among the homologous receptors in Arabidopsis, the ETR1 ethylene receptor plays a major role. The present study provides evidence demonstrating that Arabidopsis CPR5 functions as a novel ETR1 receptor-interacting protein in regulating ethylene response and signaling. Yeast split ubiquitin assays and bifluorescence complementation studies in plant cells indicated that CPR5 directly interacts with the ETR1 receptor. Genetic analyses indicated that mutant alleles of cpr5 can suppress ethylene insensitivity in both etr1-1 and etr1-2, but not in other dominant ethylene receptormutants. Overexpression of Arabidopsis CPR5 either in transgenic Arabidopsis plants, or ectopically in tobacco,significantly enhanced ethylene sensitivity. These findings indicate that CPR5 plays a critical role in regulating ethylene signaling. CPR5 is localized to endomembrane structures and the nucleus, and is involved in various regulatory pathways, including pathogenesis, leaf senescence, and spontaneous cell death. This study provides evidence for a novel regulatory function played by CPR5 in the ethylene receptor signaling pathway in Arabidopsis.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFA1300701)National Natural Science Foundation of China (32120103004, 32270282)the Hainan Excellent Talent Team, and the State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics (SKLPG2016B-2)。
文摘Plant cells possess a two-layered immune system consisting of pattern-triggered immunity(PTI)and effector-triggered immunity(ETI), mediated by cell surface pattern-recognition receptors and intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors(NLRs), respectively. The CONSTITUTIVE EXPRESSION OF PR GENES 5(CPR5) nuclear pore complex protein negatively regulates ETI, including ETI-associated hypersensitive response. Here, we show that CPR5 is essential for the activation of various PTI responses in Arabidopsis, such as resistance to the non-adapted bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 hrc C-. In a forward-genetic screen for suppressors of cpr5, we identified the mediator protein MED4. Mutation of MED4 in cpr5 greatly restored the defective PTI of cpr5. Our findings reveal that CPR5 plays opposite roles in regulating PTI and ETI, and genetically regulates PTI via MED4.
