Objectives:This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify and synthesize the factors correlated with posttraumatic growth(PTG)in patients with colorectal cancer(CRC).Methods:PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Ps...Objectives:This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify and synthesize the factors correlated with posttraumatic growth(PTG)in patients with colorectal cancer(CRC).Methods:PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,PsycINFO,CINAHL,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang database,China Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP)and SinoMed were searched for studies that reported data on the correlated factors associated with PTG in patients with CRC from inception to September 3,2024.The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed via the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality(AHRQ)methodology checklist and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale(NOS).Pearson correlation coefficient(r)was utilized to indicate effect size.Meta-analysis was conducted in R Studio.Results:Thirty-one eligible studies encompassing 6,400 participants were included in this review.Correlated factors were identified to be significantly associated with PTG in patients with CRC including demographic factors:residential area(r=0.13),marital status(r=0.10),employment status(r=0.18),education level(r=0.19),income level(r=0.16);disease-related factors:time since surgery(r=0.17),stoma-related complications(r=0.14),health-promoting behavior(r=0.46),and sexual function(r=0.17);psychosocial factors:confrontation coping(r=0.68),avoidance coping(r=-0.65),deliberate rumination(r=0.56),social support(r=0.47),family function(r=0.50),resilience(r=0.53),selfefficacy(r=0.91),self-compassion(r=-0.32),psychosocial adjustment(r=0.39),gratitude(r=0.45),stigma(r=-0.65),self-perceived burden(r=-0.31),fear of cancer recurrence(r=-0.45);and quality of life(r=0.32).Conclusions:This meta-analysis identified 23 factors associated with PTG in CRC patients.Medical workers can combine those relevant factors from the perspective of positive psychology,further explore the occurrence and development mechanism of PTG,and establish targeted interventions to promote PTG.展开更多
This paper addresses the computational problem of fixed-interval smoothing state estimation in linear time-varying Gaussian stochastic systems.A new fixed-interval Kalman smoothing algorithm is proposed,and the corres...This paper addresses the computational problem of fixed-interval smoothing state estimation in linear time-varying Gaussian stochastic systems.A new fixed-interval Kalman smoothing algorithm is proposed,and the corresponding form of the smoother is derived.The method is able to accommodate situations where process and measurement noises are correlated,a limitation often encountered in conventional approaches.The Kalman smoothing problem discussed in this paper can be reformulated as an equivalent constrained optimization problem,where the solution corresponds to a set of linear equations defined by a specific co-efficient matrix.Through multiple permutations,the co-efficient matrix of linear equations is transformed into a block tridiagonal form,and then both sides of the linear system are multiplied by the inverse of the co-efficient matrix.This approach is based on the transformation of linear systems described in the SPIKE algorithm and is particularly well-suited for large-scale sparse block tridiagonal matrix structures.It enables efficient,parallel,and flexible solutions while maintaining a certain degree of block diagonal dominance.Compared to directly solving block tridiagonal co-efficient matrices,this method demonstrates appreciable advantages in terms of numerical stability and computational efficiency.Consequently,the new smoothing algorithm yields a new smoother that features fewer constraints and broader applicability than traditional methods.The estimates,such as smoothed state,covariance,and cross-covariance,are essential for fields,such as system identification,navigation,guidance,and control.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed smoothing algorithm and smoother is validated through numerical simulations.展开更多
In moiré-patterned van der Waals structures of transition metal dichalcogenides,correlated insulators can form under integer and fractional fillings,whose transport properties are governed by various quasiparticl...In moiré-patterned van der Waals structures of transition metal dichalcogenides,correlated insulators can form under integer and fractional fillings,whose transport properties are governed by various quasiparticle excitations including holons,doublons and interlayer exciton insulators.Here we theoretically investigate the nearest-neighbor inter-site hoppings of holons and interlayer exciton insulators.Our analysis indicates that these hopping strengths are significantly enhanced compared to that of a single carrier.The underlying mechanism can be attributed to the strong Coulomb interaction between carriers at different sites.For the interlayer exciton insulator consisting of a holon and a carrier in different layers,we have also obtained its effective Bohr radius and energy splitting between the ground and the first-excited states.展开更多
Objective Strok survivors require long-term care,placing significant burdens on family caregivers.This study explored the relationship between sense of coherence,social support and caregiver burden of caregivers of st...Objective Strok survivors require long-term care,placing significant burdens on family caregivers.This study explored the relationship between sense of coherence,social support and caregiver burden of caregivers of stroke survivors.Method This study was conducted in Panyu Community,Guangzhou City,China.And 214 caregivers of stroke survivors were surveyed through four questionnaires,including the general information questionnaires,the Sense of Coherence Scale-13,the Social Support Rating Scale,and the Zaria Caregiver Burden Interview Questionnaire.Result The study found that the social support of family caregivers of stroke patients was significantly negatively correlated with the burden of care,and the sense of coherence was significantly negatively correlated with the burden of care.Conclusion Caregiver burden was prevalent among family caregivers of stroke survivors,and social support and sense of coherence were important predictors of caregiver burden,so in the future,a comprehensive assessment can be made based on the individual characteristics of the stroke survivor and family caregiver to formulate a tailor-made care plan and to reduce the caregivers'burden.展开更多
Objective Humans are exposed to complex mixtures of environmental chemicals and other factors that can affect their health.Analysis of these mixture exposures presents several key challenges for environmental epidemio...Objective Humans are exposed to complex mixtures of environmental chemicals and other factors that can affect their health.Analysis of these mixture exposures presents several key challenges for environmental epidemiology and risk assessment,including high dimensionality,correlated exposure,and subtle individual effects.Methods We proposed a novel statistical approach,the generalized functional linear model(GFLM),to analyze the health effects of exposure mixtures.GFLM treats the effect of mixture exposures as a smooth function by reordering exposures based on specific mechanisms and capturing internal correlations to provide a meaningful estimation and interpretation.The robustness and efficiency was evaluated under various scenarios through extensive simulation studies.Results We applied the GFLM to two datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES).In the first application,we examined the effects of 37 nutrients on BMI(2011–2016 cycles).The GFLM identified a significant mixture effect,with fiber and fat emerging as the nutrients with the greatest negative and positive effects on BMI,respectively.For the second application,we investigated the association between four pre-and perfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)and gout risk(2007–2018 cycles).Unlike traditional methods,the GFLM indicated no significant association,demonstrating its robustness to multicollinearity.Conclusion GFLM framework is a powerful tool for mixture exposure analysis,offering improved handling of correlated exposures and interpretable results.It demonstrates robust performance across various scenarios and real-world applications,advancing our understanding of complex environmental exposures and their health impacts on environmental epidemiology and toxicology.展开更多
This study investigates a consistent fusion algorithm for distributed multi-rate multi-sensor systems operating in feedback-memory configurations, where each sensor's sampling period is uniform and an integer mult...This study investigates a consistent fusion algorithm for distributed multi-rate multi-sensor systems operating in feedback-memory configurations, where each sensor's sampling period is uniform and an integer multiple of the state update period. The focus is on scenarios where the correlations among Measurement Noises(MNs) from different sensors are unknown. Firstly, a non-augmented local estimator that applies to sampling cases is designed to provide unbiased Local Estimates(LEs) at the fusion points. Subsequently, a measurement-equivalent approach is then developed to parameterize the correlation structure between LEs and reformulate LEs into a unified form, thereby constraining the correlations arising from MNs to an admissible range. Simultaneously, a family of upper bounds on the joint error covariance matrix of LEs is derived based on the constrained correlations, avoiding the need to calculate the exact error cross-covariance matrix of LEs. Finally, a sequential fusion estimator is proposed in the sense of Weighted Minimum Mean Square Error(WMMSE), and it is proven to be unbiased, consistent, and more accurate than the well-known covariance intersection method. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by highlighting improvements in consistency and accuracy.展开更多
The construction of polar codes in corre-lated block fading channels is still an open issue to be solved.In this paper,to explicitly reveal the impact of correlation on error performance of polar coded diver-sity comm...The construction of polar codes in corre-lated block fading channels is still an open issue to be solved.In this paper,to explicitly reveal the impact of correlation on error performance of polar coded diver-sity communication systems,an integrated framework has been established to analyze the theoretical error performance of polar codes in correlated block fading channels.First,the upper bound on error probabil-ity of polarized channels is derived based on split po-lar spectrum,which is fully determined by covariance channel matrix as well as the block-wise weight distri-bution of the corresponding polar subcode.Further,to facilitate practical implementations,we design a con-struction metric named polarized correlation weight(PCW)to generate polar codes in correlated block fad-ing channels.Finally,simulation results on block error rate indicate that the proposed metric can exhibit both diversity gain and coding gain compared to the con-ventional methods under successive cancellation de-coding.展开更多
We develop a numerical method for the time evolution of Gaussian wave packets on flat-band lattices in the presence of correlated disorder.To achieve this,we introduce a method to generate random on-site energies with...We develop a numerical method for the time evolution of Gaussian wave packets on flat-band lattices in the presence of correlated disorder.To achieve this,we introduce a method to generate random on-site energies with prescribed correlations.We verify this method with a one-dimensional(1D)cross-stitch model,and find good agreement with analytical results obtained from the disorder-dressed evolution equations.This allows us to reproduce previous findings,that disorder can mobilize 1D flat-band states which would otherwise remain localized.As explained by the corresponding disorder-dressed evolution equations,such mobilization requires an asymmetric disorder-induced coupling to dispersive bands,a condition that is generically not fulfilled when the flat-band is resonant with the dispersive bands at a Dirac point-like crossing.We exemplify this with the 1D Lieb lattice.While analytical expressions are not available for the two-dimensional(2D)system due to its complexity,we extend the numerical method to the 2D a–T3 model,and find that the initial flat-band wave packet preserves its localization when a=0,regardless of disorder and intersections.However,when a̸=0,the wave packet shifts in real space.We interpret this as a Berry phase controlled,disorder-induced wave-packet mobilization.In addition,we present density functional theory calculations of candidate materials,specifically Hg1−xCdxTe.The flat-band emerges near the G point(α=0)in the Brillouin zone.展开更多
This letter proposes a sliced-gated-convolutional neural network with belief propagation(SGCNN-BP) architecture for decoding long codes under correlated noise. The basic idea of SGCNNBP is using Neural Networks(NN) to...This letter proposes a sliced-gated-convolutional neural network with belief propagation(SGCNN-BP) architecture for decoding long codes under correlated noise. The basic idea of SGCNNBP is using Neural Networks(NN) to transform the correlated noise into white noise, setting up the optimal condition for a standard BP decoder that takes the output from the NN. A gate-controlled neuron is used to regulate information flow and an optional operation—slicing is adopted to reduce parameters and lower training complexity. Simulation results show that SGCNN-BP has much better performance(with the largest gap being 5dB improvement) than a single BP decoder and achieves a nearly 1dB improvement compared to Fully Convolutional Networks(FCN).展开更多
Mottness is at the heart of the essential physics in a strongly correlated system as many novel quantum phenomena occur in the metallic phase near the Mott metal–insulator transition. We investigate the Mott transiti...Mottness is at the heart of the essential physics in a strongly correlated system as many novel quantum phenomena occur in the metallic phase near the Mott metal–insulator transition. We investigate the Mott transition in a Hubbard model by using the dynamical mean-field theory and introduce the local quantum state fidelity to depict the Mott metal–insulator transition. The local quantum state fidelity provides a convenient approach to determining the critical point of the Mott transition. Additionally, it presents a consistent description of the two distinct forms of the Mott transition points.展开更多
A model of continuous-time insider trading in which a risk-neutral in-sider possesses two imperfect correlated signals of a risky asset is studied.By conditional expectation theory and filtering theory,we first establ...A model of continuous-time insider trading in which a risk-neutral in-sider possesses two imperfect correlated signals of a risky asset is studied.By conditional expectation theory and filtering theory,we first establish three lemmas:normal corre-lation,equivalent pricing and equivalent profit,which can guarantee to turn our model into a model with insider knowing full information.Then we investigate the impact of the two correlated signals on the market equilibrium consisting of optimal insider trading strategy and semi-strong pricing rule.It shows that in the equilibrium,(1)the market depth is constant over time;(2)if the two noisy signals are not linerly correlated,then all private information of the insider is incorporated into prices in the end while the whole information on the asset value can not incorporated into prices in the end;(3)if the two noisy signals are linear correlated such that the insider can infer the whole information of the asset value,then our model turns into a model with insider knowing full information;(4)if the two noisy signals are the same then the total ex ant profit of the insider is increasing with the noise decreasing,while down to O as the noise going up to infinity;(5)if the two noisy signals are not linear correlated then with one noisy signal fixed,the total ex ante profit of the insider is single-peaked with a unique minimum with respect to the other noisy signal value,and furthermore as the noisy value going to O it gets its maximum,the profit in the case that the real value is observed.展开更多
Different from the previous qualitative analysis of linear systems in time and frequency domains, the method for describing nonlinear systems quantitatively is proposed based on correlated dimensions. Nonlinear dynami...Different from the previous qualitative analysis of linear systems in time and frequency domains, the method for describing nonlinear systems quantitatively is proposed based on correlated dimensions. Nonlinear dynamics theory is used to analyze the pressure data of a contrarotating axial flow fan. The delay time is 18 and the embedded dimension varies from 1 to 25 through phase-space reconstruction. In addition, the correlated dimensions are calculated before and after stalling. The results show that the correlated dimensions drop from 1. 428 before stalling to 1. 198 after stalling, so they are sensitive to the stalling signal of the fan and can be used as a characteristic quantity for the judging of the fan stalling.展开更多
In structural simulation and design,an accurate computational model directly determines the effectiveness of performance evaluation.To establish a high-fidelity dynamic model of a complex assembled structure,a Hierarc...In structural simulation and design,an accurate computational model directly determines the effectiveness of performance evaluation.To establish a high-fidelity dynamic model of a complex assembled structure,a Hierarchical Model Updating Strategy(HMUS)is developed for Finite Element(FE)model updating with regard to uncorrelated modes.The principle of HMUS is first elaborated by integrating hierarchical modeling concept,model updating technology with proper uncorrelated mode treatment,and parametric modeling.In the developed strategy,the correct correlated mode pairs amongst the uncorrelated modes are identified by an error minimization procedure.The proposed updating technique is validated by the dynamic FE model updating of a simple fixed–fixed beam.The proposed HMUS is then applied to the FE model updating of an aeroengine stator system(casings)to demonstrate its effectiveness.Our studies reveal that(A)parametric modeling technique is able to build an efficient equivalent model by simplifying complex structure in geometry while ensuring the consistency of mechanical characteristics;(B)the developed model updating technique efficiently processes the uncorrelated modes and precisely identifies correct Correlated Mode Pairs(CMPs)between FE model and experiment;(C)the proposed HMUS is accurate and efficient in the FE model updating of complex assembled structures such as aeroengine casings with large-scale model,complex geometry,high-nonlinearity and numerous parameters;(D)it is appropriate to update a complex structural FE model parameterized.The efforts of this study provide an efficient updating strategy for the dynamic model updating of complex assembled structures with experimental test data,which is promising to promote the precision and feasibility of simulation-based design optimization and performance evaluation of complex structures.展开更多
The logistic growth model with correlated additive and multiplicative Gaussian white noise is used to anedyze tumor cell population. The effects of perfectly correlated and anti-correlated noise on the stationary prop...The logistic growth model with correlated additive and multiplicative Gaussian white noise is used to anedyze tumor cell population. The effects of perfectly correlated and anti-correlated noise on the stationary properties of tumor cell population are studied. As in both cases the diffusion coefficient has zero point in real number field, some special features of the system are arisen. It is found that in cause tumor cell extinction. In the perfectly anti-correlated tumor cell population exhibit two extrema. both cases, the increase of the multiplicative noise intensity case, the stationary probability distribution as a function of展开更多
Objective This study was aimed at examining the trends and correlates of physical activity(PA)and sedentary behaviors among Chinese children.Methods A total of 4,341 subjects(6,936 observations)aged 6–17 years who pa...Objective This study was aimed at examining the trends and correlates of physical activity(PA)and sedentary behaviors among Chinese children.Methods A total of 4,341 subjects(6,936 observations)aged 6–17 years who participated in the China Health and Nutrition Survey(2004–2015)were included.Of the subjects,41%participated in the survey twice or more.Random-effects ordinal regression models and repeated-measures mixed-effects models were used to examine the PA trends.Quantile regression models were applied to examine the factors influencing PA and sedentary behaviors.Results From 2004 to 2015,the prevalence of physical inactivity among Chinese children aged 6–17 years increased by 5.5%[odds ratio(OR),1.51;95%confidence interval(CI),1.19–1.90;P<0.001].The PA volume declined by 5.8 metabolic equivalent of task-hr/week(P<0.001),and the time spent in sedentary behaviors increased by 1.8 hr/week(P<0.001).Age,ethnicity,and region showed significant effects on the PA volume across the quartiles(P<0.001).Across the quartiles,sedentary time was significantly higher in the children residing in urban areas(P<0.001)or areas with high urbanization levels(P≤0.005)than in their counterparts.Conclusions A declining PA trend among Chinese children aged 6–17 years was observed from 2004 to2015,and certain subgroups and geographical areas are at higher risk of physical inactivity.展开更多
Twenty-five tree species indigenous to Guangdong Province were chosen in this study to portray their distribution patterns in relation to environmental factors. Both data of species distribution and environmental fact...Twenty-five tree species indigenous to Guangdong Province were chosen in this study to portray their distribution patterns in relation to environmental factors. Both data of species distribution and environmental factors were tabulated based on a digitized map of Guangdong Province gridded at 0.5° latitude × 0.5° longitude. Grid-based diversity was mapped using DMAP, a distribution mapping program, and horizontal patterns were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis tests. The diversity center of the indige- nous tree species under study is located north of 23° N. These tree species exhibit significant latitudinal variation (P = 0.007 4), but no significant longitudinal difference (P = 0.052 2). Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMS) identified five different ecological species groups, while Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed the distribution of tree species along each of the five envi- ronmental gradients. An understanding of the environmental correlates of distribution patterns has great implication for the introduc- tion of the indigenous tree species for afforestation.展开更多
Dear Editor： The emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis （MDR-TB） is bringing new challenges. MDR-TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis （M. tuberculosis） that is resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin,...Dear Editor： The emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis （MDR-TB） is bringing new challenges. MDR-TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis （M. tuberculosis） that is resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin, with or with- out resistance to other anti-tuberculosis drugs. Approximately 450,000 people developed MDR-TB worldwide in 2012 and an estimated 170,000 people died from the disease. Bacterial burden is not strictly corre- lated with disease progression, and several hallmarks of severe tuberculosis suggest that insufficiently controlled inflammation plays an important role in pathogenesis.展开更多
This article considers a risk model as in Yuen et al. （2002）. Under this model the two claim number processes are correlated. Claim occurrence of both classes relate to Poisson and Erlang processes. The formulae is ...This article considers a risk model as in Yuen et al. （2002）. Under this model the two claim number processes are correlated. Claim occurrence of both classes relate to Poisson and Erlang processes. The formulae is derived for the distribution of the surplus immediately before ruin, for the distribution of the surplus immediately after ruin and the joint distribution of the surplus immediately before and after ruin. The asymptotic property of these ruin functions is also investigated.展开更多
In order to suit the condition that the wave uplift is correlated with the horizontal wave load acting on a vertical breakwater, a generally used method for determining the reliability index β of the breakwater, i.e....In order to suit the condition that the wave uplift is correlated with the horizontal wave load acting on a vertical breakwater, a generally used method for determining the reliability index β of the breakwater, i.e. the Hasofer-Lind method, is extended in a generalized stochastic space for correlative variables. The computational results for a caisson breakwater indicate that the value of β for the case of correlated variables is obviously smaller than that for the case of independent variables.展开更多
Dear Editor,Galectin-1, one of galactoside-binding lectin family proteins, has been shown to regulate cell growth, migration, and proliferation, where it binds many receptors depending on their glycosylation profile, ...Dear Editor,Galectin-1, one of galactoside-binding lectin family proteins, has been shown to regulate cell growth, migration, and proliferation, where it binds many receptors depending on their glycosylation profile, rather than its specific receptors.展开更多
基金supported by the‘Double First-Class’Construction Specialized Discipline Project at Zhejiang University(No HL2024012).
文摘Objectives:This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify and synthesize the factors correlated with posttraumatic growth(PTG)in patients with colorectal cancer(CRC).Methods:PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,PsycINFO,CINAHL,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang database,China Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP)and SinoMed were searched for studies that reported data on the correlated factors associated with PTG in patients with CRC from inception to September 3,2024.The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed via the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality(AHRQ)methodology checklist and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale(NOS).Pearson correlation coefficient(r)was utilized to indicate effect size.Meta-analysis was conducted in R Studio.Results:Thirty-one eligible studies encompassing 6,400 participants were included in this review.Correlated factors were identified to be significantly associated with PTG in patients with CRC including demographic factors:residential area(r=0.13),marital status(r=0.10),employment status(r=0.18),education level(r=0.19),income level(r=0.16);disease-related factors:time since surgery(r=0.17),stoma-related complications(r=0.14),health-promoting behavior(r=0.46),and sexual function(r=0.17);psychosocial factors:confrontation coping(r=0.68),avoidance coping(r=-0.65),deliberate rumination(r=0.56),social support(r=0.47),family function(r=0.50),resilience(r=0.53),selfefficacy(r=0.91),self-compassion(r=-0.32),psychosocial adjustment(r=0.39),gratitude(r=0.45),stigma(r=-0.65),self-perceived burden(r=-0.31),fear of cancer recurrence(r=-0.45);and quality of life(r=0.32).Conclusions:This meta-analysis identified 23 factors associated with PTG in CRC patients.Medical workers can combine those relevant factors from the perspective of positive psychology,further explore the occurrence and development mechanism of PTG,and establish targeted interventions to promote PTG.
文摘This paper addresses the computational problem of fixed-interval smoothing state estimation in linear time-varying Gaussian stochastic systems.A new fixed-interval Kalman smoothing algorithm is proposed,and the corresponding form of the smoother is derived.The method is able to accommodate situations where process and measurement noises are correlated,a limitation often encountered in conventional approaches.The Kalman smoothing problem discussed in this paper can be reformulated as an equivalent constrained optimization problem,where the solution corresponds to a set of linear equations defined by a specific co-efficient matrix.Through multiple permutations,the co-efficient matrix of linear equations is transformed into a block tridiagonal form,and then both sides of the linear system are multiplied by the inverse of the co-efficient matrix.This approach is based on the transformation of linear systems described in the SPIKE algorithm and is particularly well-suited for large-scale sparse block tridiagonal matrix structures.It enables efficient,parallel,and flexible solutions while maintaining a certain degree of block diagonal dominance.Compared to directly solving block tridiagonal co-efficient matrices,this method demonstrates appreciable advantages in terms of numerical stability and computational efficiency.Consequently,the new smoothing algorithm yields a new smoother that features fewer constraints and broader applicability than traditional methods.The estimates,such as smoothed state,covariance,and cross-covariance,are essential for fields,such as system identification,navigation,guidance,and control.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed smoothing algorithm and smoother is validated through numerical simulations.
基金support by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(Grant No.12274477)the De-partment of Science and Technology of Guangdong Provincein China(Grant No.2019QN01X061)。
文摘In moiré-patterned van der Waals structures of transition metal dichalcogenides,correlated insulators can form under integer and fractional fillings,whose transport properties are governed by various quasiparticle excitations including holons,doublons and interlayer exciton insulators.Here we theoretically investigate the nearest-neighbor inter-site hoppings of holons and interlayer exciton insulators.Our analysis indicates that these hopping strengths are significantly enhanced compared to that of a single carrier.The underlying mechanism can be attributed to the strong Coulomb interaction between carriers at different sites.For the interlayer exciton insulator consisting of a holon and a carrier in different layers,we have also obtained its effective Bohr radius and energy splitting between the ground and the first-excited states.
文摘Objective Strok survivors require long-term care,placing significant burdens on family caregivers.This study explored the relationship between sense of coherence,social support and caregiver burden of caregivers of stroke survivors.Method This study was conducted in Panyu Community,Guangzhou City,China.And 214 caregivers of stroke survivors were surveyed through four questionnaires,including the general information questionnaires,the Sense of Coherence Scale-13,the Social Support Rating Scale,and the Zaria Caregiver Burden Interview Questionnaire.Result The study found that the social support of family caregivers of stroke patients was significantly negatively correlated with the burden of care,and the sense of coherence was significantly negatively correlated with the burden of care.Conclusion Caregiver burden was prevalent among family caregivers of stroke survivors,and social support and sense of coherence were important predictors of caregiver burden,so in the future,a comprehensive assessment can be made based on the individual characteristics of the stroke survivor and family caregiver to formulate a tailor-made care plan and to reduce the caregivers'burden.
基金supported in part by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82304253)(and 82273709)the Foundation for Young Talents in Higher Education of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2022KQNCX021)the PhD Starting Project of Guangdong Medical University(Grant No.GDMUB2022054).
文摘Objective Humans are exposed to complex mixtures of environmental chemicals and other factors that can affect their health.Analysis of these mixture exposures presents several key challenges for environmental epidemiology and risk assessment,including high dimensionality,correlated exposure,and subtle individual effects.Methods We proposed a novel statistical approach,the generalized functional linear model(GFLM),to analyze the health effects of exposure mixtures.GFLM treats the effect of mixture exposures as a smooth function by reordering exposures based on specific mechanisms and capturing internal correlations to provide a meaningful estimation and interpretation.The robustness and efficiency was evaluated under various scenarios through extensive simulation studies.Results We applied the GFLM to two datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES).In the first application,we examined the effects of 37 nutrients on BMI(2011–2016 cycles).The GFLM identified a significant mixture effect,with fiber and fat emerging as the nutrients with the greatest negative and positive effects on BMI,respectively.For the second application,we investigated the association between four pre-and perfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)and gout risk(2007–2018 cycles).Unlike traditional methods,the GFLM indicated no significant association,demonstrating its robustness to multicollinearity.Conclusion GFLM framework is a powerful tool for mixture exposure analysis,offering improved handling of correlated exposures and interpretable results.It demonstrates robust performance across various scenarios and real-world applications,advancing our understanding of complex environmental exposures and their health impacts on environmental epidemiology and toxicology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 62276204, 62203343)。
文摘This study investigates a consistent fusion algorithm for distributed multi-rate multi-sensor systems operating in feedback-memory configurations, where each sensor's sampling period is uniform and an integer multiple of the state update period. The focus is on scenarios where the correlations among Measurement Noises(MNs) from different sensors are unknown. Firstly, a non-augmented local estimator that applies to sampling cases is designed to provide unbiased Local Estimates(LEs) at the fusion points. Subsequently, a measurement-equivalent approach is then developed to parameterize the correlation structure between LEs and reformulate LEs into a unified form, thereby constraining the correlations arising from MNs to an admissible range. Simultaneously, a family of upper bounds on the joint error covariance matrix of LEs is derived based on the constrained correlations, avoiding the need to calculate the exact error cross-covariance matrix of LEs. Finally, a sequential fusion estimator is proposed in the sense of Weighted Minimum Mean Square Error(WMMSE), and it is proven to be unbiased, consistent, and more accurate than the well-known covariance intersection method. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by highlighting improvements in consistency and accuracy.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62471054).
文摘The construction of polar codes in corre-lated block fading channels is still an open issue to be solved.In this paper,to explicitly reveal the impact of correlation on error performance of polar coded diver-sity communication systems,an integrated framework has been established to analyze the theoretical error performance of polar codes in correlated block fading channels.First,the upper bound on error probabil-ity of polarized channels is derived based on split po-lar spectrum,which is fully determined by covariance channel matrix as well as the block-wise weight distri-bution of the corresponding polar subcode.Further,to facilitate practical implementations,we design a con-struction metric named polarized correlation weight(PCW)to generate polar codes in correlated block fad-ing channels.Finally,simulation results on block error rate indicate that the proposed metric can exhibit both diversity gain and coding gain compared to the con-ventional methods under successive cancellation de-coding.
基金the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(Grant No.61988102)the Key Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2019B090917007)+5 种基金the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2019B090909011)Q.L.acknowledges Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Project(Grant No.2023A04J0018)Z.L.acknowledges the support of fund-ing from Chinese Academy of Sciences E1Z1D10200 and E2Z2D10200from ZJ project 2021QN02X159 and from JSPS(Grant Nos.PE14052 and P16027)We gratefully ac-knowledge HZWTECH for providing computation facilities.Z.-X.H.was supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(Grant Nos.11974064 and 12147102)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2020CDJQY-Z003).
文摘We develop a numerical method for the time evolution of Gaussian wave packets on flat-band lattices in the presence of correlated disorder.To achieve this,we introduce a method to generate random on-site energies with prescribed correlations.We verify this method with a one-dimensional(1D)cross-stitch model,and find good agreement with analytical results obtained from the disorder-dressed evolution equations.This allows us to reproduce previous findings,that disorder can mobilize 1D flat-band states which would otherwise remain localized.As explained by the corresponding disorder-dressed evolution equations,such mobilization requires an asymmetric disorder-induced coupling to dispersive bands,a condition that is generically not fulfilled when the flat-band is resonant with the dispersive bands at a Dirac point-like crossing.We exemplify this with the 1D Lieb lattice.While analytical expressions are not available for the two-dimensional(2D)system due to its complexity,we extend the numerical method to the 2D a–T3 model,and find that the initial flat-band wave packet preserves its localization when a=0,regardless of disorder and intersections.However,when a̸=0,the wave packet shifts in real space.We interpret this as a Berry phase controlled,disorder-induced wave-packet mobilization.In addition,we present density functional theory calculations of candidate materials,specifically Hg1−xCdxTe.The flat-band emerges near the G point(α=0)in the Brillouin zone.
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation (L202003)。
文摘This letter proposes a sliced-gated-convolutional neural network with belief propagation(SGCNN-BP) architecture for decoding long codes under correlated noise. The basic idea of SGCNNBP is using Neural Networks(NN) to transform the correlated noise into white noise, setting up the optimal condition for a standard BP decoder that takes the output from the NN. A gate-controlled neuron is used to regulate information flow and an optional operation—slicing is adopted to reduce parameters and lower training complexity. Simulation results show that SGCNN-BP has much better performance(with the largest gap being 5dB improvement) than a single BP decoder and achieves a nearly 1dB improvement compared to Fully Convolutional Networks(FCN).
基金Project supported by the Scientific Research Foundation for Youth Academic Talent of Inner Mongolia University (Grant No.1000023112101/010)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Grant No.JN200208)+2 种基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11474023)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2021YFA1401803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.11974051 and 11734002)。
文摘Mottness is at the heart of the essential physics in a strongly correlated system as many novel quantum phenomena occur in the metallic phase near the Mott metal–insulator transition. We investigate the Mott transition in a Hubbard model by using the dynamical mean-field theory and introduce the local quantum state fidelity to depict the Mott metal–insulator transition. The local quantum state fidelity provides a convenient approach to determining the critical point of the Mott transition. Additionally, it presents a consistent description of the two distinct forms of the Mott transition points.
文摘A model of continuous-time insider trading in which a risk-neutral in-sider possesses two imperfect correlated signals of a risky asset is studied.By conditional expectation theory and filtering theory,we first establish three lemmas:normal corre-lation,equivalent pricing and equivalent profit,which can guarantee to turn our model into a model with insider knowing full information.Then we investigate the impact of the two correlated signals on the market equilibrium consisting of optimal insider trading strategy and semi-strong pricing rule.It shows that in the equilibrium,(1)the market depth is constant over time;(2)if the two noisy signals are not linerly correlated,then all private information of the insider is incorporated into prices in the end while the whole information on the asset value can not incorporated into prices in the end;(3)if the two noisy signals are linear correlated such that the insider can infer the whole information of the asset value,then our model turns into a model with insider knowing full information;(4)if the two noisy signals are the same then the total ex ant profit of the insider is increasing with the noise decreasing,while down to O as the noise going up to infinity;(5)if the two noisy signals are not linear correlated then with one noisy signal fixed,the total ex ante profit of the insider is single-peaked with a unique minimum with respect to the other noisy signal value,and furthermore as the noisy value going to O it gets its maximum,the profit in the case that the real value is observed.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK2005018)the Graduate Research and Innovation Plan of Jiangsu Province(CX07B-061Z)~~
文摘Different from the previous qualitative analysis of linear systems in time and frequency domains, the method for describing nonlinear systems quantitatively is proposed based on correlated dimensions. Nonlinear dynamics theory is used to analyze the pressure data of a contrarotating axial flow fan. The delay time is 18 and the embedded dimension varies from 1 to 25 through phase-space reconstruction. In addition, the correlated dimensions are calculated before and after stalling. The results show that the correlated dimensions drop from 1. 428 before stalling to 1. 198 after stalling, so they are sensitive to the stalling signal of the fan and can be used as a characteristic quantity for the judging of the fan stalling.
基金co-supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51975124)Shanghai International Cooperation Project of One Belt and One Road of China(No.20110741700)Major Research Special Project of Aeroengine and Gas Turbine of China(No.J2019-IV-0016)。
文摘In structural simulation and design,an accurate computational model directly determines the effectiveness of performance evaluation.To establish a high-fidelity dynamic model of a complex assembled structure,a Hierarchical Model Updating Strategy(HMUS)is developed for Finite Element(FE)model updating with regard to uncorrelated modes.The principle of HMUS is first elaborated by integrating hierarchical modeling concept,model updating technology with proper uncorrelated mode treatment,and parametric modeling.In the developed strategy,the correct correlated mode pairs amongst the uncorrelated modes are identified by an error minimization procedure.The proposed updating technique is validated by the dynamic FE model updating of a simple fixed–fixed beam.The proposed HMUS is then applied to the FE model updating of an aeroengine stator system(casings)to demonstrate its effectiveness.Our studies reveal that(A)parametric modeling technique is able to build an efficient equivalent model by simplifying complex structure in geometry while ensuring the consistency of mechanical characteristics;(B)the developed model updating technique efficiently processes the uncorrelated modes and precisely identifies correct Correlated Mode Pairs(CMPs)between FE model and experiment;(C)the proposed HMUS is accurate and efficient in the FE model updating of complex assembled structures such as aeroengine casings with large-scale model,complex geometry,high-nonlinearity and numerous parameters;(D)it is appropriate to update a complex structural FE model parameterized.The efforts of this study provide an efficient updating strategy for the dynamic model updating of complex assembled structures with experimental test data,which is promising to promote the precision and feasibility of simulation-based design optimization and performance evaluation of complex structures.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 11045004
文摘The logistic growth model with correlated additive and multiplicative Gaussian white noise is used to anedyze tumor cell population. The effects of perfectly correlated and anti-correlated noise on the stationary properties of tumor cell population are studied. As in both cases the diffusion coefficient has zero point in real number field, some special features of the system are arisen. It is found that in cause tumor cell extinction. In the perfectly anti-correlated tumor cell population exhibit two extrema. both cases, the increase of the multiplicative noise intensity case, the stationary probability distribution as a function of
基金funded by the National Scientific and Technological Basic Resources Investigation Program"Research and application of nutrition and health system for children aged 0–18 years in China"[2017FY101100]。
文摘Objective This study was aimed at examining the trends and correlates of physical activity(PA)and sedentary behaviors among Chinese children.Methods A total of 4,341 subjects(6,936 observations)aged 6–17 years who participated in the China Health and Nutrition Survey(2004–2015)were included.Of the subjects,41%participated in the survey twice or more.Random-effects ordinal regression models and repeated-measures mixed-effects models were used to examine the PA trends.Quantile regression models were applied to examine the factors influencing PA and sedentary behaviors.Results From 2004 to 2015,the prevalence of physical inactivity among Chinese children aged 6–17 years increased by 5.5%[odds ratio(OR),1.51;95%confidence interval(CI),1.19–1.90;P<0.001].The PA volume declined by 5.8 metabolic equivalent of task-hr/week(P<0.001),and the time spent in sedentary behaviors increased by 1.8 hr/week(P<0.001).Age,ethnicity,and region showed significant effects on the PA volume across the quartiles(P<0.001).Across the quartiles,sedentary time was significantly higher in the children residing in urban areas(P<0.001)or areas with high urbanization levels(P≤0.005)than in their counterparts.Conclusions A declining PA trend among Chinese children aged 6–17 years was observed from 2004 to2015,and certain subgroups and geographical areas are at higher risk of physical inactivity.
基金Key Research Program of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2002C20703) and Key Research Program of Guangdong Provincial Department ofForestry (Grant No. 2002-12)
文摘Twenty-five tree species indigenous to Guangdong Province were chosen in this study to portray their distribution patterns in relation to environmental factors. Both data of species distribution and environmental factors were tabulated based on a digitized map of Guangdong Province gridded at 0.5° latitude × 0.5° longitude. Grid-based diversity was mapped using DMAP, a distribution mapping program, and horizontal patterns were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis tests. The diversity center of the indige- nous tree species under study is located north of 23° N. These tree species exhibit significant latitudinal variation (P = 0.007 4), but no significant longitudinal difference (P = 0.052 2). Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMS) identified five different ecological species groups, while Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed the distribution of tree species along each of the five envi- ronmental gradients. An understanding of the environmental correlates of distribution patterns has great implication for the introduc- tion of the indigenous tree species for afforestation.
文摘Dear Editor： The emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis （MDR-TB） is bringing new challenges. MDR-TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis （M. tuberculosis） that is resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin, with or with- out resistance to other anti-tuberculosis drugs. Approximately 450,000 people developed MDR-TB worldwide in 2012 and an estimated 170,000 people died from the disease. Bacterial burden is not strictly corre- lated with disease progression, and several hallmarks of severe tuberculosis suggest that insufficiently controlled inflammation plays an important role in pathogenesis.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10071058, 70273029) the Ministry of Education of China.
文摘This article considers a risk model as in Yuen et al. （2002）. Under this model the two claim number processes are correlated. Claim occurrence of both classes relate to Poisson and Erlang processes. The formulae is derived for the distribution of the surplus immediately before ruin, for the distribution of the surplus immediately after ruin and the joint distribution of the surplus immediately before and after ruin. The asymptotic property of these ruin functions is also investigated.
文摘In order to suit the condition that the wave uplift is correlated with the horizontal wave load acting on a vertical breakwater, a generally used method for determining the reliability index β of the breakwater, i.e. the Hasofer-Lind method, is extended in a generalized stochastic space for correlative variables. The computational results for a caisson breakwater indicate that the value of β for the case of correlated variables is obviously smaller than that for the case of independent variables.
基金Supported by Bayer Yakuhin Ltd,the Uehara Memorial Foundation,the Eye Research Foundation for the Aged,and the Japan National Society for the Prevention of Blindness
文摘Dear Editor,Galectin-1, one of galactoside-binding lectin family proteins, has been shown to regulate cell growth, migration, and proliferation, where it binds many receptors depending on their glycosylation profile, rather than its specific receptors.
