Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment,gastric cancer remains one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide,and early diagnosis remains a challenge.The lack of effective methods to detect these tumors early i...Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment,gastric cancer remains one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide,and early diagnosis remains a challenge.The lack of effective methods to detect these tumors early is a major factor contributing to the high mortality in patients with gastric cancer,who are typically diagnosed at an advanced stage.Additionally,the early detection of metastases and the curative treatment of gastric cancer are difficult to achieve,and the detailed mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated.Thus,the identification of valuable predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets to improve the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer is becoming increasingly important.Contactin 1(CNTN1),a cell adhesion molecule,is a glycosylphosphatidylinositolanchored neuronal membrane protein that plays an important role in cancer progression.The expression of CNTN1 is upregulated in primary lesions,and its expression level correlates with tumor metastasis in cancer patients.The current evidence reveals that the functions of CNTN1 in the development and progression of cancer likely promote the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells via the VEGFC/FLT4 axis,the RHOAdependent pathway,the Notch signaling pathway and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition progression.Therefore,CNTN1 may be a novel biomarker and a possible therapeutic target in cancer treatment in the near future.展开更多
The contactin-associated protein （Caspr） family participates in nerve excitation and conduction, and neurotransmitter release in myelinated axons. We analyzed the structures and functions of the Caspr family- CNTNA...The contactin-associated protein （Caspr） family participates in nerve excitation and conduction, and neurotransmitter release in myelinated axons. We analyzed the structures and functions of the Caspr family- CNTNAP1 （Casprl）, CNTNAP2 （Caspr2）, CNTNAP3 （Caspr3）, CNTNAP4 （Caspr4） and CNTNAP5 （Caspr5）, Casprl-5 is not only involved in the formation of myelinated axons, but also participates in maintaining the stability of adjacent connections. Casprl participates in the formation, differentiation, and proliferation of neurons and astrocytes, and in motor control and cognitive function. We also analyzed the relationship between the Caspr family and neurodegenerative diseases, multiple sclerosis, and autoimmune encephalitis. However, the effects of Caspr on disease course and prognosis remain poorly understood. The effects of Caspr on disease diagnosis and treatment need further investigation.展开更多
Contactins are a group of cell adhesion molecules that are mainly expressed in the brain and play pivotal roles in the organization of axonal domains, axonal guidance, neuritogenesis, neuronal development, synapse for...Contactins are a group of cell adhesion molecules that are mainly expressed in the brain and play pivotal roles in the organization of axonal domains, axonal guidance, neuritogenesis, neuronal development, synapse formation and plasticity, axo-glia interactions and neural regeneration. Contactins comprise a family of six members. Their absence leads to malformed axons and impaired nerve conduction. Contactin mediated protein complex formation is critical for the organization of the axon in early central nervous system development. Mutations and differential expression of contactins have been identified in neuro-developmental or neurological disorders. Taken together, contactins are extensively studied in the context of nervous system development. This review summarizes the physiological roles of all six members of the Contactin family in neurodevelopment as well as their involvement in neurological/neurodevelopmental disorders.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81101850the Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau Foundation of China,No.20134393the Science Research Foundation of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,No.13XJ10028
文摘Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment,gastric cancer remains one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide,and early diagnosis remains a challenge.The lack of effective methods to detect these tumors early is a major factor contributing to the high mortality in patients with gastric cancer,who are typically diagnosed at an advanced stage.Additionally,the early detection of metastases and the curative treatment of gastric cancer are difficult to achieve,and the detailed mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated.Thus,the identification of valuable predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets to improve the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer is becoming increasingly important.Contactin 1(CNTN1),a cell adhesion molecule,is a glycosylphosphatidylinositolanchored neuronal membrane protein that plays an important role in cancer progression.The expression of CNTN1 is upregulated in primary lesions,and its expression level correlates with tumor metastasis in cancer patients.The current evidence reveals that the functions of CNTN1 in the development and progression of cancer likely promote the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells via the VEGFC/FLT4 axis,the RHOAdependent pathway,the Notch signaling pathway and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition progression.Therefore,CNTN1 may be a novel biomarker and a possible therapeutic target in cancer treatment in the near future.
基金supported by a grant from the Instructional Program of Science and Technology Bureau of Wuxi City of China,No.0302B010507130039PB
文摘The contactin-associated protein （Caspr） family participates in nerve excitation and conduction, and neurotransmitter release in myelinated axons. We analyzed the structures and functions of the Caspr family- CNTNAP1 （Casprl）, CNTNAP2 （Caspr2）, CNTNAP3 （Caspr3）, CNTNAP4 （Caspr4） and CNTNAP5 （Caspr5）, Casprl-5 is not only involved in the formation of myelinated axons, but also participates in maintaining the stability of adjacent connections. Casprl participates in the formation, differentiation, and proliferation of neurons and astrocytes, and in motor control and cognitive function. We also analyzed the relationship between the Caspr family and neurodegenerative diseases, multiple sclerosis, and autoimmune encephalitis. However, the effects of Caspr on disease course and prognosis remain poorly understood. The effects of Caspr on disease diagnosis and treatment need further investigation.
基金funded by the Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology and the European Neuroscience Campus Network,an Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctoral Program(cycle 5/2014/P-04)(to MC)
文摘Contactins are a group of cell adhesion molecules that are mainly expressed in the brain and play pivotal roles in the organization of axonal domains, axonal guidance, neuritogenesis, neuronal development, synapse formation and plasticity, axo-glia interactions and neural regeneration. Contactins comprise a family of six members. Their absence leads to malformed axons and impaired nerve conduction. Contactin mediated protein complex formation is critical for the organization of the axon in early central nervous system development. Mutations and differential expression of contactins have been identified in neuro-developmental or neurological disorders. Taken together, contactins are extensively studied in the context of nervous system development. This review summarizes the physiological roles of all six members of the Contactin family in neurodevelopment as well as their involvement in neurological/neurodevelopmental disorders.
