Three-dimensional(3D)printing is a highly automated platform that facilitates material deposition in a layer-by-layer approach to fabricate pre-defined 3D complex structures on demand.It is a highly promising techniqu...Three-dimensional(3D)printing is a highly automated platform that facilitates material deposition in a layer-by-layer approach to fabricate pre-defined 3D complex structures on demand.It is a highly promising technique for the fabrication of personalized medical devices or even patient-specific tissue constructs.Each type of 3D printing technique has its unique advantages and limitations,and the selection of a suitable 3D printing technique is highly dependent on its intended application.In this review paper,we present and highlight some of the critical processes(printing parameters,build orientation,build location,and support structures),material(batch-to-batch consistency,recycling,protein adsorption,biocompatibility,and degradation properties),and regulatory considerations(sterility and mechanical properties)for 3D printing of personalized medical devices.The goal of this review paper is to provide the readers with a good understanding of the various key considerations(process,material,and regulatory)in 3D printing,which are critical for the fabrication of improved patient-specific 3D printed medical devices and tissue constructs.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D)printing technology has opened a new paradigm to controllably and reproducibly fabricate bioengineered neural constructs for potential applications in repairing injured nervous tissues or producin...Three-dimensional(3D)printing technology has opened a new paradigm to controllably and reproducibly fabricate bioengineered neural constructs for potential applications in repairing injured nervous tissues or producing in vitro nervous tissue models.However,the complexity of nervous tissues poses great challenges to 3D-printed bioengineered analogues,which should possess diverse architectural/chemical/electrical functionalities to resemble the native growth microenvironments for functional neural regeneration.In this work,we provide a state-of-the-art review of the latest development of 3D printing for bioengineered neural constructs.Various 3D printing techniques for neural tissue-engineered scaffolds or living cell-laden constructs are summarized and compared in terms of their unique advantages.We highlight the advanced strategies by integrating topographical,biochemical and electroactive cues inside 3D-printed neural constructs to replicate in vivo-like microenvironment for functional neural regeneration.The typical applications of 3D-printed bioengineered constructs for in vivo repair of injured nervous tissues,bio-electronics interfacing with native nervous system,neural-on-chips as well as brain-like tissue models are demonstrated.The challenges and future outlook associated with 3D printing for functional neural constructs in various categories are discussed.展开更多
The optimization approach based on the biological evolution principle is used to con-struct the heat transport paths for volume-to-point problem. The transport paths are constructed by inserting high conductivity mate...The optimization approach based on the biological evolution principle is used to con-struct the heat transport paths for volume-to-point problem. The transport paths are constructed by inserting high conductivity materials in the heat conduction domain where uniform or nonuniform heat sources exist. In the bionic optimization process, the optimal constructs of the high conductiv-ity material are obtained by numerically simulating the evolution and degeneration process ac-cording to the uniformity principle of the temperature gradient. Finally, preserving the features of the optimal constructs, the constructs are regularized for the convenience of engineering manu-facture. The results show that the construct obtained by bionic optimization is approximate to that obtained by the tree-network constructal theory when the heat conduction is enhanced for the do-main with a uniform heat source and high conductivity ratio of the inserting material to the sub-strate, the high conductivity materials are mainly concentrated on the heat outlet for the case with a uniform heat source and low thermal conductivity ratio, and for the case with nonuniform heat sources, the high conductivity material is concentrated in the heat source regions and construacts several highly effective heat transport paths to connect the regions to the outlet.展开更多
Bioprinting is a rapidly developing technology for the precise design and manufacture of tissues in various biological systems or organs.Coaxial extrusion bioprinting,an emergent branch,has demonstrated a strong poten...Bioprinting is a rapidly developing technology for the precise design and manufacture of tissues in various biological systems or organs.Coaxial extrusion bioprinting,an emergent branch,has demonstrated a strong potential to enhance bioprinting's engineering versatility.Coaxial bioprinting assists in the fabrication of complex tissue constructs,by enabling concentric deposition of biomaterials.The fabricated tissue constructs started with simple,tubular vasculature but have been substantially developed to integrate complex cell composition and self-assembly,ECM patterning,controlled release,and multi-material gradient profiles.This review article begins with a brief overview of coaxial printing history,followed by an introduction of crucial engineering components.Afterward,we review the recent progress and untapped potential in each specific organ or biological system,and demonstrate how coaxial bioprinting facilitates the creation of tissue constructs.Ultimately,we conclude that this growing technology will contribute significantly to capabilities in the fields of in vitro modeling,pharmaceutical development,and clinical regenerative medicine.展开更多
The ready-to-use,structure-supporting hydrogel bioink can shorten the time for ink preparation,ensure cell dispersion,and maintain the preset shape/microstructure without additional assistance during printing.Meanwhil...The ready-to-use,structure-supporting hydrogel bioink can shorten the time for ink preparation,ensure cell dispersion,and maintain the preset shape/microstructure without additional assistance during printing.Meanwhile,ink with high permeability might facilitate uniform cell growth in biological constructs,which is beneficial to homogeneous tissue repair.Unfortunately,current bioinks are hard to meet these requirements simultaneously in a simple way.Here,based on the fast dynamic crosslinking of aldehyde hyaluronic acid(AHA)/N-carboxymethyl chitosan(CMC)and the slow stable crosslinking of gelatin(GEL)/4-arm poly(ethylene glycol)succinimidyl glutarate(PEG-SG),we present a time-sharing structure-supporting(TSHSP)hydrogel bioink with high permeability,containing 1%AHA,0.75%CMC,1%GEL and 0.5%PEG-SG.The TSHSP hydrogel can facilitate printing with proper viscoelastic property and self-healing behavior.By crosslinking with 4%PEG-SG for only 3 min,the integrity of the cell-laden construct can last for 21 days due to the stable internal and external GEL/PEG-SG networks,and cells manifested long-term viability and spreading morphology.Nerve-like,muscle-like,and cartilage-like in vitro constructs exhibited homogeneous cell growth and remarkable biological specificities.This work provides not only a convenient and practical bioink for tissue engineering,targeted cell therapy,but also a new direction for hydrogel bioink development.展开更多
Extensive burns and full-thickness skin wounds are difficult to repair. Autologous split-thickness skin graft (ASSG) is still used as the gold standard in the clinic. However, the shortage of donor skin tissues is a s...Extensive burns and full-thickness skin wounds are difficult to repair. Autologous split-thickness skin graft (ASSG) is still used as the gold standard in the clinic. However, the shortage of donor skin tissues is a serious problem. A potential solution to this problem is to fabricate skin constructs using biomaterial scaffolds with or without cells. Bioprinting is being applied to address the need for skin tissues suitable for transplantation, and can lead to the development of skin equivalents for wound healing therapy. Here, we summarize strategies of bioprinting and review current advances of bioprinting of skin constructs. There will be challenges on the way of 3D bioprinting for skin regeneration, but we still believe bioprinting will be potential skills for wounds healing in the foreseeable future.展开更多
In this paper, the concretely both reflective and coreflective subconstructs of the construct CFTSof Chang fuzzy topological spaces are characterized and their relationship to such subconstructs of stratifiedfuzzy top...In this paper, the concretely both reflective and coreflective subconstructs of the construct CFTSof Chang fuzzy topological spaces are characterized and their relationship to such subconstructs of stratifiedfuzzy topological spaces is investigated. Properties of a particular such subconstruct of CFTS, the constructof weak fuzzy neighborhood spaces, are discussed in detail. And it is proved that there exists exactly c suchsubconstructs between the subconstruct of weakly induced spaces and CFTS.展开更多
Our long-term objective is to develop a software toolbox for pre-embodiment design of complex and heterogeneous systems, such as cyber-physical systems. The novelty of this toolbox is that it uses system manifestation...Our long-term objective is to develop a software toolbox for pre-embodiment design of complex and heterogeneous systems, such as cyber-physical systems. The novelty of this toolbox is that it uses system manifestation features(SMFs) for transdisciplinary modeling of these systems. The main challenges of implementation of the toolbox are functional design- and language-independent computational realization of the warehouses, and systematic development and management of the various evolving implements of SMFs(genotypes, phenotypes, and instances). Therefore, an information schema construct(ISC) based approach is proposed to create the schemata of the associated warehouse databases and the above-mentioned SMF implements. ISCs logically arrange the data contents of SMFs in a set of relational tables of varying semantics. In this article we present the ISCs necessary for creation of genotypes and phenotypes. They increase the efficiency of the database development process and make the data relationships transparent. Our follow-up research focuses on the elaboration of the SMF instances based system modeling methodology.展开更多
Complementing our previous publications, this paper presents the information schema constructs （ISCs） that underpin the programming of specific system manifestation feature （SMF） orientated information management ...Complementing our previous publications, this paper presents the information schema constructs （ISCs） that underpin the programming of specific system manifestation feature （SMF） orientated information management and composing system models. First, we briefly present （1） the general process of pre-embodiment design with SMFs, （2） the procedures of creating genotypes and phenotypes of SMFs, （3） the specific procedure of instantiation of phenotypes of SMFs, and （4） the procedure of system model management and processing. Then, the chunks of information needed for instantiation of phenotypes of SMFs are discussed, and the ISCs designed for instantiation presented. Afterwards, the information management aspects of system modeling are addressed. Methodologically, system modeling involves （1） placement of phenotypes of SMF in the modeling space, （2） combining them towards the desired architecture and operation, （3） assigning values to the parameters and checking the satisfac- tion of constraints, and （4） storing the system model in the SMFs-based warehouse database. The final objective of the reported research is to develop an SMFs-based toolbox to support modeling of cyber-physical systems （CPSs）.展开更多
The discharge of micro-polluted water from sources such as agricultural runoff,urban stormwater,and treated effluents presents significant challenges to aquatic ecosystems.Constructed wetlands(CWs)have gained recog-ni...The discharge of micro-polluted water from sources such as agricultural runoff,urban stormwater,and treated effluents presents significant challenges to aquatic ecosystems.Constructed wetlands(CWs)have gained recog-nition as an eco-friendly solution for removing pollutants from various wastewater sources and are increasingly applied for micro-polluted water treatment.By reviewing 78 full-scale CW studies from Web of Science,it is summarized that the ranges of ammonium nitrogen(NH4+-N)concentrations in runoff,wastewater treatment plant effluent and polluted river were 0.1–6.6,0.3–12.3,and 0.2–41.1 mg/L,respectively.The ranges of ni-trate nitrogen concentrations were 0.2–14.2,0–5.7,and 0–2.6 mg/L,respectively.Removal efficiencies of CWs for micro-polluted water varied by CW types.The total nitrogen removal efficiencies for subsurface-flow CWs,free-water surface-flow CWs,and hybrid CWs ranged from 27.4%to 66.5%,16.8%to 89.8%,and 19.4%to 88.2%,respectively.The NH4+-N removal efficiencies ranged from 34.2%to 73.6%,38.4%to 89.4%and 13.5%to 94.2%,respectively.Additionally,other factors influencing contaminant removal efficiency such as hydraulic retention time,vegetation types,redox micro-environment and influent water quality were evaluated.Based on these findings,two strategies for improving the purification performance of CWs were proposed:the selection of incorporating electron donor substrates and the optimization of operation parameters.This paper serves as a synthesis of information to guide future research and full-scale CW applications in micro-polluted water treatment.展开更多
As blockchain technology rapidly evolves,smart contracts have seen widespread adoption in financial transactions and beyond.However,the growing prevalence of malicious Ponzi scheme contracts presents serious security ...As blockchain technology rapidly evolves,smart contracts have seen widespread adoption in financial transactions and beyond.However,the growing prevalence of malicious Ponzi scheme contracts presents serious security threats to blockchain ecosystems.Although numerous detection techniques have been proposed,existing methods suffer from significant limitations,such as class imbalance and insufficient modeling of transaction-related semantic features.To address these challenges,this paper proposes an oversampling-based detection framework for Ponzi smart contracts.We enhance the Adaptive Synthetic Sampling(ADASYN)algorithm by incorporating sample proximity to decision boundaries and ensuring realistic sample distributions.This enhancement facilitates the generation of high-quality minority class samples and effectively mitigates class imbalance.In addition,we design a Contract Transaction Graph(CTG)construction algorithm to preserve key transactional semantics through feature extraction from contract code.A graph neural network(GNN)is then applied for classification.This study employs a publicly available dataset from the XBlock platform,consisting of 318 verified Ponzi contracts and 6498 benign contracts.Sourced from real Ethereum deployments,the dataset reflects diverse application scenarios and captures the varied characteristics of Ponzi schemes.Experimental results demonstrate that our approach achieves an accuracy of 96%,a recall of 92%,and an F1-score of 94%in detecting Ponzi contracts,outperforming state-of-the-art methods.展开更多
Oil-fired construction machinery(OCM)is a major source of urban air pollutants and CO_(2) emissions,and elec-trification is a crucial pathway for improving air quality and achieving China’s dual carbon goals;however,...Oil-fired construction machinery(OCM)is a major source of urban air pollutants and CO_(2) emissions,and elec-trification is a crucial pathway for improving air quality and achieving China’s dual carbon goals;however,its feasibility has not been fully explored.This study uses data envelopment analysis and the analytic hierarchy process to establish a development potential index,covering technical efficiency,economic cost,application sce-narios,and charging time and range,with an empirical analysis conducted in Beijing.The findings indicated the high feasibility of replacing OCM with electric alternatives,especially within the low-power range.Based on 2023 registered coding dat1,it is projected that by 2030,electrification could reduce regional average con-centrations of CO,NO_(x),PM_(2.5) and VOCs by 12.2%to 56.4%and reduce CO_(2) by 11.7%to 56.9%.Owing to economic considerations,small-and medium-sized machinery are particularly feasible for electrification.Key recommendations include prioritizing the electrification of forklifts,lifting platforms,and small-sized machinery in high-emission areas,particularly in central urban districts.Policies such as carbon taxes,carbon markets,and performance grading systems are suggested to incentivize electrification,along with expanding high-emission restriction zones and improving energy infrastructure to support widespread electrification.展开更多
Anammox bacteria in constructed wetlands(CWs)play pivotal role in sustainable nitrogen transformation,yet existing studies lack comprehensive analysis of environmental gradients and microbial interactions,both key fac...Anammox bacteria in constructed wetlands(CWs)play pivotal role in sustainable nitrogen transformation,yet existing studies lack comprehensive analysis of environmental gradients and microbial interactions,both key factors in anammox bacteria enrichment.This study investigated the mechanisms driving anammox bacteria enrichment in lab-scale simulated CWs treating high-nitrogen wastewater,focusing on bacterial community re-sponses across wetland layers with various strategies,including continuous up-flow influent,nitrogen loading increase,effluent recirculation,intermittent influent,and anammox bacteria inoculation.Results showed that total relative and absolute abundances of anammox bacteria ranged from 0.77%to 12.50%and from 0.13 to 6.46×10^(7) copies/g,respectively.Dissolved oxygen and pH had significant positive correlations with the absolute abundance of anammox bacteria,while organic matter and nitrate negatively impacted their relative abundance.Permutational multivariate analysis of variance indicated that spatial heterogeneity explained more variation in anammox bacteria abundance(43.44%)compared to operational strategies(8.58%).In terms of microbial interactions,60 dominant species exhibited potential correlations with anammox bacteria,comprising 170 interactions(105 positive and 65 negative),which suggested that anammox bacteria generally foster cooperative relationships with dominant bacteria.Notably,significant interspecies interactions were observed between Candidatus Kuenenia(dominant anammox bacteria in CWs)and species within the genera Chitinivibrio-nia and Anaerolineaceae,suggesting that microbial interactions primarily manifest as indirect facilitative effects rather than direct mutualistic relationships.Given that the Normalized Stochasticity Ratio in CWs were<50%,this study inferred that environmental gradients have greater influence on anammox bacteria than microbial interactions.展开更多
To advance intelligent construction,standards must come first.The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has issued the List for Replicable Experience and Practices for Developing Intelligent Construction fou...To advance intelligent construction,standards must come first.The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has issued the List for Replicable Experience and Practices for Developing Intelligent Construction four times successively and the Technical Guidelines for Intelligent Construction(Trial).展开更多
Neural tissue-like constructs have important application potential in both neural tissue regeneration and individual medical treatment due to the ideal bioenvironment they provide for the growth of primary and stem ce...Neural tissue-like constructs have important application potential in both neural tissue regeneration and individual medical treatment due to the ideal bioenvironment they provide for the growth of primary and stem cells.The biomaterials used in threedimensional(3D)biomanufacturing techniques play a critical role in bioenvironment fabrication.They help optimize the manufacturing techniques and the long-term environment that supports cell structure and nutrient transmission.This paper reviews the current progress being made in the biomaterials utilized in neural cell cultures for in vitro bioenvironment construction.The following four requirements for biomaterials are evaluated:biocompatibility,porosity,supportability,and permeability.This study also summarizes the recent culture models based on primary neural cells.Furthermore,the biomaterials used for neural stem cell constructs are discussed.This study’s results indicate that compared with traditional twodimensional(2D)cultures(with minimal biomaterial requirements),modulus 3D cultures greatly benefit from optimized biomaterials for long-term culturing.展开更多
Berun Holdings Group’s Xilingol Sunite Soda Industry Companystarted constructing a 200 000 t/a coal to mono-ethylene glycol(MEG) project at Xilingol,Inner Mongolia on October 18th. It isthe third coal to MEG project ...Berun Holdings Group’s Xilingol Sunite Soda Industry Companystarted constructing a 200 000 t/a coal to mono-ethylene glycol(MEG) project at Xilingol,Inner Mongolia on October 18th. It isthe third coal to MEG project in Inner Mongolia. The RMB2.3billion project will be constructed in two phases. Phase one is sched-展开更多
To fully leverage the advantages of mechanization and informatization in tunnel boring machine(TBM)operations,the authors aim to promote the advancement of tunnel construction technology toward intelligent development...To fully leverage the advantages of mechanization and informatization in tunnel boring machine(TBM)operations,the authors aim to promote the advancement of tunnel construction technology toward intelligent development.This involved exploring the deep integration of next-generation artificial intelligence technologies,such as sensing technology,automatic control technology,big data technology,deep learning,and machine vision,with key operational processes,including TBM excavation,direction adjustment,step changes,inverted arch block assembly,material transportation,and operation status assurance.The results of this integration are summarized as follows.(1)TBM key excavation parameter prediction algorithm was developed with an accuracy rate exceeding 90%.The TBM intelligent step-change control algorithm,based on machine vision,achieved an image segmentation accuracy rate of 95%and gripper shoe positioning error of±5 mm.(2)An automatic positioning system for inverted arch blocks was developed,enabling real-time perception of the spatial position and deviation during the assembly process.The system maintains an elevation positioning deviation within±3 mm and a horizontal positioning deviation within±10 mm,reducing the number of surveyors in each work team.(3)A TBM intelligent rail transportation system that achieves real-time human-machine positioning,automatic switch opening and closing,automatic obstacle avoidance,intelligent transportation planning,and integrated scheduling and command was designed.Each locomotive formation reduces one shunter and improves comprehensive transportation efficiency by more than 20%.(4)Intelligent analysis and prediction algorithms were developed to monitor and predict the trends of the hydraulic and gear oil parameters in real time,enhancing the proactive maintenance and system reliability.展开更多
Construction engineering and management(CEM)has become increasingly complicated with the increasing size of engineering projects under different construction environments,motivating the digital transformation of CEM.T...Construction engineering and management(CEM)has become increasingly complicated with the increasing size of engineering projects under different construction environments,motivating the digital transformation of CEM.To contribute to a better understanding of the state of the art of smart techniques for engineering projects,this paper provides a comprehensive review of multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)techniques,intelligent techniques,and their applications in CEM.First,a comprehensive framework detailing smart technologies for construction projects is developed.Next,the characteristics of CEM are summarized.A bibliometric review is then conducted to investigate the keywords,journals,and clusters related to the application of smart techniques in CEM during 2000-2022.Recent advancements in intelligent techniques are also discussed under the following six topics:①big data technology;②computer vision;③speech recognition;④natural language processing;⑤machine learning;and⑥knowledge representation,understanding,and reasoning.The applications of smart techniques are then illustrated via underground space exploitation.Finally,future research directions for the sustainable development of smart construction are highlighted.展开更多
Marine infrastructure is increasingly vulnerable to harsh environmental conditions that accelerate the degradation of traditional materials such as Portland cement concrete and carbon steel.This review systematically ...Marine infrastructure is increasingly vulnerable to harsh environmental conditions that accelerate the degradation of traditional materials such as Portland cement concrete and carbon steel.This review systematically investigates recent advancements in sustainable alternatives,including geopolymer concrete,engineered innovacementitious composites(ECC),bio-concrete,fiber-reinforced polymers(FRPs),and bamboo,stainless steel,and steel-CFRP hybrid bars.Each material is evaluated based on marine durability,mechanical performance,environmental impact,and cost feasibility using life cycle assessment,durability modelling,and a multi-criteria decisionsupport framework.The results reveal that geopolymer concrete and FRP reinforcement’s exhibit superior corrosion resistance and environmental benefits,while ECC and steel-CFRP composites offer structural resilience with moderate environmental trade-offs.However,challenges remain in long-term performance validation,standardization,and market integration.The review concludes that a combined approach involving innovative materials,computational tools,and sustainability assessment is essential for advancing marine infrastructure.Outlook recommendations include focused field studies,development of regulatory guidelines,and interdisciplinary collaboration to drive the practical adoption of eco-efficient materials in coastal and offshore construction.展开更多
Zeolite-loaded noble metal catalysts have demonstrated excellent performance in addressing cold-start automotive exhaust NOx emissions and catalytic oxidation of VOCs applications.Pd and Pt are the most commonly used ...Zeolite-loaded noble metal catalysts have demonstrated excellent performance in addressing cold-start automotive exhaust NOx emissions and catalytic oxidation of VOCs applications.Pd and Pt are the most commonly used active metals in PNA and VOC catalysts,respectively.However,despite the same metal/zeolite composition,the efficient active sites for PNA and VOC catalysts have been viewed as mainly Pd^(2+) and Pt^(0),respectively,both of which are different from each other.As a result,various methods need to be applied to dope Pd and Pt in zeolitic support respectively for different usages.No matter which type of metal species is needed,the common requirement for both PNA and VOC catalysts is that the metal species should be highly dispersed in zeolite support and stay stable.The purpose of this paper is to review the progress of synthetic means of zeolite-coated noble metals(Pd,Pt,etc.)as effective PNA or VOC catalysts.To give a better understanding of the relationship between efficient metal species and the introduced methods,the species that contributed to the NOx adsorption(PNA)and VOCs deep catalytic oxidation were first summarized and compared.Then,based on the above discussion,the detailed construction strategies for different active sites in PNA and VOC catalysts,respectively,were elaborated in terms of synthetic routes,precursor selection,and zeolite carrier requirements.It is hoped that this will contribute to a better understanding of noble metal adsorption/catalysis in zeolites and provide promising strategies for the design of adsorption/catalysts with high activity,selectivity and stability.展开更多
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)printing is a highly automated platform that facilitates material deposition in a layer-by-layer approach to fabricate pre-defined 3D complex structures on demand.It is a highly promising technique for the fabrication of personalized medical devices or even patient-specific tissue constructs.Each type of 3D printing technique has its unique advantages and limitations,and the selection of a suitable 3D printing technique is highly dependent on its intended application.In this review paper,we present and highlight some of the critical processes(printing parameters,build orientation,build location,and support structures),material(batch-to-batch consistency,recycling,protein adsorption,biocompatibility,and degradation properties),and regulatory considerations(sterility and mechanical properties)for 3D printing of personalized medical devices.The goal of this review paper is to provide the readers with a good understanding of the various key considerations(process,material,and regulatory)in 3D printing,which are critical for the fabrication of improved patient-specific 3D printed medical devices and tissue constructs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52125501)OPEN Project (BHJ17C019)+4 种基金the Key Research Project of Shaanxi Province (2021LLRH-08)the Program for Innovation Team of Shaanxi Province (2023-CX-TD-17)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province (2023-JCQN-0543)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M702597)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)printing technology has opened a new paradigm to controllably and reproducibly fabricate bioengineered neural constructs for potential applications in repairing injured nervous tissues or producing in vitro nervous tissue models.However,the complexity of nervous tissues poses great challenges to 3D-printed bioengineered analogues,which should possess diverse architectural/chemical/electrical functionalities to resemble the native growth microenvironments for functional neural regeneration.In this work,we provide a state-of-the-art review of the latest development of 3D printing for bioengineered neural constructs.Various 3D printing techniques for neural tissue-engineered scaffolds or living cell-laden constructs are summarized and compared in terms of their unique advantages.We highlight the advanced strategies by integrating topographical,biochemical and electroactive cues inside 3D-printed neural constructs to replicate in vivo-like microenvironment for functional neural regeneration.The typical applications of 3D-printed bioengineered constructs for in vivo repair of injured nervous tissues,bio-electronics interfacing with native nervous system,neural-on-chips as well as brain-like tissue models are demonstrated.The challenges and future outlook associated with 3D printing for functional neural constructs in various categories are discussed.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Fundamental R&D Program of China (Grant No. G20000263).
文摘The optimization approach based on the biological evolution principle is used to con-struct the heat transport paths for volume-to-point problem. The transport paths are constructed by inserting high conductivity materials in the heat conduction domain where uniform or nonuniform heat sources exist. In the bionic optimization process, the optimal constructs of the high conductiv-ity material are obtained by numerically simulating the evolution and degeneration process ac-cording to the uniformity principle of the temperature gradient. Finally, preserving the features of the optimal constructs, the constructs are regularized for the convenience of engineering manu-facture. The results show that the construct obtained by bionic optimization is approximate to that obtained by the tree-network constructal theory when the heat conduction is enhanced for the do-main with a uniform heat source and high conductivity ratio of the inserting material to the sub-strate, the high conductivity materials are mainly concentrated on the heat outlet for the case with a uniform heat source and low thermal conductivity ratio, and for the case with nonuniform heat sources, the high conductivity material is concentrated in the heat source regions and construacts several highly effective heat transport paths to connect the regions to the outlet.
基金We thank Utah State University's College of Engineering Undergraduate Research Program(EURP)for supporting Andrew Kjar and Bailey McFarland.
文摘Bioprinting is a rapidly developing technology for the precise design and manufacture of tissues in various biological systems or organs.Coaxial extrusion bioprinting,an emergent branch,has demonstrated a strong potential to enhance bioprinting's engineering versatility.Coaxial bioprinting assists in the fabrication of complex tissue constructs,by enabling concentric deposition of biomaterials.The fabricated tissue constructs started with simple,tubular vasculature but have been substantially developed to integrate complex cell composition and self-assembly,ECM patterning,controlled release,and multi-material gradient profiles.This review article begins with a brief overview of coaxial printing history,followed by an introduction of crucial engineering components.Afterward,we review the recent progress and untapped potential in each specific organ or biological system,and demonstrate how coaxial bioprinting facilitates the creation of tissue constructs.Ultimately,we conclude that this growing technology will contribute significantly to capabilities in the fields of in vitro modeling,pharmaceutical development,and clinical regenerative medicine.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 52075285]the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,China[grant number 201604040002]+1 种基金the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province,China[grant number 2020B090923003]the Key Research and Development Projects of People’s Liberation Army,China[grant number.BWS17J036].
文摘The ready-to-use,structure-supporting hydrogel bioink can shorten the time for ink preparation,ensure cell dispersion,and maintain the preset shape/microstructure without additional assistance during printing.Meanwhile,ink with high permeability might facilitate uniform cell growth in biological constructs,which is beneficial to homogeneous tissue repair.Unfortunately,current bioinks are hard to meet these requirements simultaneously in a simple way.Here,based on the fast dynamic crosslinking of aldehyde hyaluronic acid(AHA)/N-carboxymethyl chitosan(CMC)and the slow stable crosslinking of gelatin(GEL)/4-arm poly(ethylene glycol)succinimidyl glutarate(PEG-SG),we present a time-sharing structure-supporting(TSHSP)hydrogel bioink with high permeability,containing 1%AHA,0.75%CMC,1%GEL and 0.5%PEG-SG.The TSHSP hydrogel can facilitate printing with proper viscoelastic property and self-healing behavior.By crosslinking with 4%PEG-SG for only 3 min,the integrity of the cell-laden construct can last for 21 days due to the stable internal and external GEL/PEG-SG networks,and cells manifested long-term viability and spreading morphology.Nerve-like,muscle-like,and cartilage-like in vitro constructs exhibited homogeneous cell growth and remarkable biological specificities.This work provides not only a convenient and practical bioink for tissue engineering,targeted cell therapy,but also a new direction for hydrogel bioink development.
基金grants from Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Sichuan(A2016N48)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81171780)+4 种基金Foundation for Distinguished Young Scientists of Sichuan Province(2016JQ0020)Project sub topics of the National 863 Project(2015AA020303)Scientific research fund for outstanding young scholars of Sichuan University(2014SCU04A12)Sichuan province science and technology support plan(2015SZ0049)Science and technology support program of Sichuan Province(2015FZ0040).
文摘Extensive burns and full-thickness skin wounds are difficult to repair. Autologous split-thickness skin graft (ASSG) is still used as the gold standard in the clinic. However, the shortage of donor skin tissues is a serious problem. A potential solution to this problem is to fabricate skin constructs using biomaterial scaffolds with or without cells. Bioprinting is being applied to address the need for skin tissues suitable for transplantation, and can lead to the development of skin equivalents for wound healing therapy. Here, we summarize strategies of bioprinting and review current advances of bioprinting of skin constructs. There will be challenges on the way of 3D bioprinting for skin regeneration, but we still believe bioprinting will be potential skills for wounds healing in the foreseeable future.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Fok Ying Tung Education foundation and the ScienceTechnology Foundation of Sichuan Province for Young Scholars.
文摘In this paper, the concretely both reflective and coreflective subconstructs of the construct CFTSof Chang fuzzy topological spaces are characterized and their relationship to such subconstructs of stratifiedfuzzy topological spaces is investigated. Properties of a particular such subconstruct of CFTS, the constructof weak fuzzy neighborhood spaces, are discussed in detail. And it is proved that there exists exactly c suchsubconstructs between the subconstruct of weakly induced spaces and CFTS.
文摘Our long-term objective is to develop a software toolbox for pre-embodiment design of complex and heterogeneous systems, such as cyber-physical systems. The novelty of this toolbox is that it uses system manifestation features(SMFs) for transdisciplinary modeling of these systems. The main challenges of implementation of the toolbox are functional design- and language-independent computational realization of the warehouses, and systematic development and management of the various evolving implements of SMFs(genotypes, phenotypes, and instances). Therefore, an information schema construct(ISC) based approach is proposed to create the schemata of the associated warehouse databases and the above-mentioned SMF implements. ISCs logically arrange the data contents of SMFs in a set of relational tables of varying semantics. In this article we present the ISCs necessary for creation of genotypes and phenotypes. They increase the efficiency of the database development process and make the data relationships transparent. Our follow-up research focuses on the elaboration of the SMF instances based system modeling methodology.
文摘Complementing our previous publications, this paper presents the information schema constructs （ISCs） that underpin the programming of specific system manifestation feature （SMF） orientated information management and composing system models. First, we briefly present （1） the general process of pre-embodiment design with SMFs, （2） the procedures of creating genotypes and phenotypes of SMFs, （3） the specific procedure of instantiation of phenotypes of SMFs, and （4） the procedure of system model management and processing. Then, the chunks of information needed for instantiation of phenotypes of SMFs are discussed, and the ISCs designed for instantiation presented. Afterwards, the information management aspects of system modeling are addressed. Methodologically, system modeling involves （1） placement of phenotypes of SMF in the modeling space, （2） combining them towards the desired architecture and operation, （3） assigning values to the parameters and checking the satisfac- tion of constraints, and （4） storing the system model in the SMFs-based warehouse database. The final objective of the reported research is to develop an SMFs-based toolbox to support modeling of cyber-physical systems （CPSs）.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52470105)the Young Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province(No.358202103017).
文摘The discharge of micro-polluted water from sources such as agricultural runoff,urban stormwater,and treated effluents presents significant challenges to aquatic ecosystems.Constructed wetlands(CWs)have gained recog-nition as an eco-friendly solution for removing pollutants from various wastewater sources and are increasingly applied for micro-polluted water treatment.By reviewing 78 full-scale CW studies from Web of Science,it is summarized that the ranges of ammonium nitrogen(NH4+-N)concentrations in runoff,wastewater treatment plant effluent and polluted river were 0.1–6.6,0.3–12.3,and 0.2–41.1 mg/L,respectively.The ranges of ni-trate nitrogen concentrations were 0.2–14.2,0–5.7,and 0–2.6 mg/L,respectively.Removal efficiencies of CWs for micro-polluted water varied by CW types.The total nitrogen removal efficiencies for subsurface-flow CWs,free-water surface-flow CWs,and hybrid CWs ranged from 27.4%to 66.5%,16.8%to 89.8%,and 19.4%to 88.2%,respectively.The NH4+-N removal efficiencies ranged from 34.2%to 73.6%,38.4%to 89.4%and 13.5%to 94.2%,respectively.Additionally,other factors influencing contaminant removal efficiency such as hydraulic retention time,vegetation types,redox micro-environment and influent water quality were evaluated.Based on these findings,two strategies for improving the purification performance of CWs were proposed:the selection of incorporating electron donor substrates and the optimization of operation parameters.This paper serves as a synthesis of information to guide future research and full-scale CW applications in micro-polluted water treatment.
基金supported by the Key Project of Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China“Research on Key Technologies and Demonstration Applications for Trusted and Secure Data Circulation and Trading”(U24A20241)the National Natural Science Foundation of China“Research on Trusted Theories and Key Technologies of Data Security Trading Based on Blockchain”(62202118)+4 种基金the Major Scientific and Technological Special Project of Guizhou Province([2024]014)Scientific and Technological Research Projects from the Guizhou Education Department(Qian jiao ji[2023]003)the Hundred-Level Innovative Talent Project of the Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department(Qiankehe Platform Talent-GCC[2023]018)the Major Project of Guizhou Province“Research and Application of Key Technologies for Trusted Large Models Oriented to Public Big Data”(Qiankehe Major Project[2024]003)the Guizhou Province Computational Power Network Security Protection Science and Technology Innovation Talent Team(Qiankehe Talent CXTD[2025]029).
文摘As blockchain technology rapidly evolves,smart contracts have seen widespread adoption in financial transactions and beyond.However,the growing prevalence of malicious Ponzi scheme contracts presents serious security threats to blockchain ecosystems.Although numerous detection techniques have been proposed,existing methods suffer from significant limitations,such as class imbalance and insufficient modeling of transaction-related semantic features.To address these challenges,this paper proposes an oversampling-based detection framework for Ponzi smart contracts.We enhance the Adaptive Synthetic Sampling(ADASYN)algorithm by incorporating sample proximity to decision boundaries and ensuring realistic sample distributions.This enhancement facilitates the generation of high-quality minority class samples and effectively mitigates class imbalance.In addition,we design a Contract Transaction Graph(CTG)construction algorithm to preserve key transactional semantics through feature extraction from contract code.A graph neural network(GNN)is then applied for classification.This study employs a publicly available dataset from the XBlock platform,consisting of 318 verified Ponzi contracts and 6498 benign contracts.Sourced from real Ethereum deployments,the dataset reflects diverse application scenarios and captures the varied characteristics of Ponzi schemes.Experimental results demonstrate that our approach achieves an accuracy of 96%,a recall of 92%,and an F1-score of 94%in detecting Ponzi contracts,outperforming state-of-the-art methods.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2024ZD1200200).
文摘Oil-fired construction machinery(OCM)is a major source of urban air pollutants and CO_(2) emissions,and elec-trification is a crucial pathway for improving air quality and achieving China’s dual carbon goals;however,its feasibility has not been fully explored.This study uses data envelopment analysis and the analytic hierarchy process to establish a development potential index,covering technical efficiency,economic cost,application sce-narios,and charging time and range,with an empirical analysis conducted in Beijing.The findings indicated the high feasibility of replacing OCM with electric alternatives,especially within the low-power range.Based on 2023 registered coding dat1,it is projected that by 2030,electrification could reduce regional average con-centrations of CO,NO_(x),PM_(2.5) and VOCs by 12.2%to 56.4%and reduce CO_(2) by 11.7%to 56.9%.Owing to economic considerations,small-and medium-sized machinery are particularly feasible for electrification.Key recommendations include prioritizing the electrification of forklifts,lifting platforms,and small-sized machinery in high-emission areas,particularly in central urban districts.Policies such as carbon taxes,carbon markets,and performance grading systems are suggested to incentivize electrification,along with expanding high-emission restriction zones and improving energy infrastructure to support widespread electrification.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen,China(No.3502Z20227232)the STS Project of Fujian-CAS(No.2023T3018)Bureau of International Cooperation,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.322GJHZ2022035MI).
文摘Anammox bacteria in constructed wetlands(CWs)play pivotal role in sustainable nitrogen transformation,yet existing studies lack comprehensive analysis of environmental gradients and microbial interactions,both key factors in anammox bacteria enrichment.This study investigated the mechanisms driving anammox bacteria enrichment in lab-scale simulated CWs treating high-nitrogen wastewater,focusing on bacterial community re-sponses across wetland layers with various strategies,including continuous up-flow influent,nitrogen loading increase,effluent recirculation,intermittent influent,and anammox bacteria inoculation.Results showed that total relative and absolute abundances of anammox bacteria ranged from 0.77%to 12.50%and from 0.13 to 6.46×10^(7) copies/g,respectively.Dissolved oxygen and pH had significant positive correlations with the absolute abundance of anammox bacteria,while organic matter and nitrate negatively impacted their relative abundance.Permutational multivariate analysis of variance indicated that spatial heterogeneity explained more variation in anammox bacteria abundance(43.44%)compared to operational strategies(8.58%).In terms of microbial interactions,60 dominant species exhibited potential correlations with anammox bacteria,comprising 170 interactions(105 positive and 65 negative),which suggested that anammox bacteria generally foster cooperative relationships with dominant bacteria.Notably,significant interspecies interactions were observed between Candidatus Kuenenia(dominant anammox bacteria in CWs)and species within the genera Chitinivibrio-nia and Anaerolineaceae,suggesting that microbial interactions primarily manifest as indirect facilitative effects rather than direct mutualistic relationships.Given that the Normalized Stochasticity Ratio in CWs were<50%,this study inferred that environmental gradients have greater influence on anammox bacteria than microbial interactions.
文摘To advance intelligent construction,standards must come first.The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has issued the List for Replicable Experience and Practices for Developing Intelligent Construction four times successively and the Technical Guidelines for Intelligent Construction(Trial).
基金supported by 111 Project(Grant No.B17026)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31700928)the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2017M610881)
文摘Neural tissue-like constructs have important application potential in both neural tissue regeneration and individual medical treatment due to the ideal bioenvironment they provide for the growth of primary and stem cells.The biomaterials used in threedimensional(3D)biomanufacturing techniques play a critical role in bioenvironment fabrication.They help optimize the manufacturing techniques and the long-term environment that supports cell structure and nutrient transmission.This paper reviews the current progress being made in the biomaterials utilized in neural cell cultures for in vitro bioenvironment construction.The following four requirements for biomaterials are evaluated:biocompatibility,porosity,supportability,and permeability.This study also summarizes the recent culture models based on primary neural cells.Furthermore,the biomaterials used for neural stem cell constructs are discussed.This study’s results indicate that compared with traditional twodimensional(2D)cultures(with minimal biomaterial requirements),modulus 3D cultures greatly benefit from optimized biomaterials for long-term culturing.
文摘Berun Holdings Group’s Xilingol Sunite Soda Industry Companystarted constructing a 200 000 t/a coal to mono-ethylene glycol(MEG) project at Xilingol,Inner Mongolia on October 18th. It isthe third coal to MEG project in Inner Mongolia. The RMB2.3billion project will be constructed in two phases. Phase one is sched-
文摘To fully leverage the advantages of mechanization and informatization in tunnel boring machine(TBM)operations,the authors aim to promote the advancement of tunnel construction technology toward intelligent development.This involved exploring the deep integration of next-generation artificial intelligence technologies,such as sensing technology,automatic control technology,big data technology,deep learning,and machine vision,with key operational processes,including TBM excavation,direction adjustment,step changes,inverted arch block assembly,material transportation,and operation status assurance.The results of this integration are summarized as follows.(1)TBM key excavation parameter prediction algorithm was developed with an accuracy rate exceeding 90%.The TBM intelligent step-change control algorithm,based on machine vision,achieved an image segmentation accuracy rate of 95%and gripper shoe positioning error of±5 mm.(2)An automatic positioning system for inverted arch blocks was developed,enabling real-time perception of the spatial position and deviation during the assembly process.The system maintains an elevation positioning deviation within±3 mm and a horizontal positioning deviation within±10 mm,reducing the number of surveyors in each work team.(3)A TBM intelligent rail transportation system that achieves real-time human-machine positioning,automatic switch opening and closing,automatic obstacle avoidance,intelligent transportation planning,and integrated scheduling and command was designed.Each locomotive formation reduces one shunter and improves comprehensive transportation efficiency by more than 20%.(4)Intelligent analysis and prediction algorithms were developed to monitor and predict the trends of the hydraulic and gear oil parameters in real time,enhancing the proactive maintenance and system reliability.
基金funded by the project of Guangdong Provincial Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund Committee(2022A1515240073)the Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program(2019CX01G338),Guangdong Province.
文摘Construction engineering and management(CEM)has become increasingly complicated with the increasing size of engineering projects under different construction environments,motivating the digital transformation of CEM.To contribute to a better understanding of the state of the art of smart techniques for engineering projects,this paper provides a comprehensive review of multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)techniques,intelligent techniques,and their applications in CEM.First,a comprehensive framework detailing smart technologies for construction projects is developed.Next,the characteristics of CEM are summarized.A bibliometric review is then conducted to investigate the keywords,journals,and clusters related to the application of smart techniques in CEM during 2000-2022.Recent advancements in intelligent techniques are also discussed under the following six topics:①big data technology;②computer vision;③speech recognition;④natural language processing;⑤machine learning;and⑥knowledge representation,understanding,and reasoning.The applications of smart techniques are then illustrated via underground space exploitation.Finally,future research directions for the sustainable development of smart construction are highlighted.
文摘Marine infrastructure is increasingly vulnerable to harsh environmental conditions that accelerate the degradation of traditional materials such as Portland cement concrete and carbon steel.This review systematically investigates recent advancements in sustainable alternatives,including geopolymer concrete,engineered innovacementitious composites(ECC),bio-concrete,fiber-reinforced polymers(FRPs),and bamboo,stainless steel,and steel-CFRP hybrid bars.Each material is evaluated based on marine durability,mechanical performance,environmental impact,and cost feasibility using life cycle assessment,durability modelling,and a multi-criteria decisionsupport framework.The results reveal that geopolymer concrete and FRP reinforcement’s exhibit superior corrosion resistance and environmental benefits,while ECC and steel-CFRP composites offer structural resilience with moderate environmental trade-offs.However,challenges remain in long-term performance validation,standardization,and market integration.The review concludes that a combined approach involving innovative materials,computational tools,and sustainability assessment is essential for advancing marine infrastructure.Outlook recommendations include focused field studies,development of regulatory guidelines,and interdisciplinary collaboration to drive the practical adoption of eco-efficient materials in coastal and offshore construction.
基金supported by Zhongtian Iron and Steel-University of Science and Technology Beijing Youth Science and Technology Innovation Fund(No.FZTNTC2024050005)National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Source Emission Control Technology,China(No.NELMS2020A07)The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.FRF-AT-20-12)。
文摘Zeolite-loaded noble metal catalysts have demonstrated excellent performance in addressing cold-start automotive exhaust NOx emissions and catalytic oxidation of VOCs applications.Pd and Pt are the most commonly used active metals in PNA and VOC catalysts,respectively.However,despite the same metal/zeolite composition,the efficient active sites for PNA and VOC catalysts have been viewed as mainly Pd^(2+) and Pt^(0),respectively,both of which are different from each other.As a result,various methods need to be applied to dope Pd and Pt in zeolitic support respectively for different usages.No matter which type of metal species is needed,the common requirement for both PNA and VOC catalysts is that the metal species should be highly dispersed in zeolite support and stay stable.The purpose of this paper is to review the progress of synthetic means of zeolite-coated noble metals(Pd,Pt,etc.)as effective PNA or VOC catalysts.To give a better understanding of the relationship between efficient metal species and the introduced methods,the species that contributed to the NOx adsorption(PNA)and VOCs deep catalytic oxidation were first summarized and compared.Then,based on the above discussion,the detailed construction strategies for different active sites in PNA and VOC catalysts,respectively,were elaborated in terms of synthetic routes,precursor selection,and zeolite carrier requirements.It is hoped that this will contribute to a better understanding of noble metal adsorption/catalysis in zeolites and provide promising strategies for the design of adsorption/catalysts with high activity,selectivity and stability.
