Korla fragrant pears are one of the“famous,excellent,and special”fruits in Xinjiang.They belong to the white pear variety in the genus Pyrus of the Rosaceae family.With a long-standing planting history and strong re...Korla fragrant pears are one of the“famous,excellent,and special”fruits in Xinjiang.They belong to the white pear variety in the genus Pyrus of the Rosaceae family.With a long-standing planting history and strong regional characteristics,they are mainly produced in southern Xinjiang.Due to unique natural conditions such as large temperature differences between day and night and sufficient sunlight,Korla fragrant pears have a crispy texture,a sweet but not cloying taste,and their flesh is delicate and juicy,with excellent quality.Korla fragrant pears contain a variety of bioactive substances,mainly including polysaccharides,polyphenolic compounds,flavonoid compounds,triterpenoids,and sterols.They have medical effects such as“moistening the lungs,calming the heart,reducing phlegm,anti-inflammation,relieving cough,and resolving carbuncle toxins”.Uyghur and Mongolian medicine often use them as a good dietary therapy product.Based on recent literature reports,this paper reviews the main chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Korla fragrant pears,aiming to provide references for the research and utilization of the deep processing of Korla fragrant pears.展开更多
Objective To investigate the association between long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))and its constituents and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),and to examine the modificat...Objective To investigate the association between long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))and its constituents and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),and to examine the modification roles of overweight status.Methods This prospective study included 27,507 adults living in rural China.The annual mean residential exposure to PM_(2.5)and its constituents was estimated using a satellite-based statistical model.Cox models were used to estimate the risk of T2DM associated with PM_(2.5)and its constituents.Stratified analysis quantified the role of overweight status in the association between PM_(2.5)constituents and T2DM.Results Over a median follow-up of 9.4 years,3,001 new T2DM cases were identified.The hazard ratio(HR)for a 10μg/m^(3)increase in ambient PM_(2.5)was 1.30(95%confidence interval[CI]:1.17,1.45).Among the constituents,the strongest association was observed with black carbon.Being overweight significantly modified the association between certain constituents and the risk of T2DM.Participants who were overweight and exposed to the highest quartile of PM_(2.5)constituents had the highest risk of T2DM(HR:2.46,95%CI:2.04,2.97).Conclusions Our findings indicate that PM_(2.5)was associated with an increased risk of T2DM,with black carbon potentially being the primary contributor.Being overweight appeared to enhance the association between PM_(2.5)and T2DM.This suggests that controlling both PM_(2.5)exposure and overweight status may reduce the burden of T2DM.展开更多
Preterm birth(PTB),defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation,is the most common adverse pregnancy outcome[1].PTB is a global health concern,with an estimated 13.4 million cases in 2020[1],accounting for more th...Preterm birth(PTB),defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation,is the most common adverse pregnancy outcome[1].PTB is a global health concern,with an estimated 13.4 million cases in 2020[1],accounting for more than one in 10 births worldwide.Compared to full-term births,PTBs are associated with a higher risk of short-and long-term complications,including bronchopulmonary dysplasia,necrotizing enterocolitis,visual impairment,and cerebral injuries[2].Despite substantial research efforts to prevent PTB,the global PTB rate has shown little improvement over the past decade[1].Therefore,identifying additional risk factors remains a critical goal in preventing PTB.展开更多
Cohort evidence linking fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))constituents to metabolic syndrome(MetS)was extensively scarce.A nationwide MetS-free cohort of 3658 participants aged 45 and above,followed up from2011 to 2015...Cohort evidence linking fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))constituents to metabolic syndrome(MetS)was extensively scarce.A nationwide MetS-free cohort of 3658 participants aged 45 and above,followed up from2011 to 2015,were enrolled from125 cities across China’smainland.Cox proportional hazards models and quantile-based g-computation were adopted to investigate individual and joint effects of exposure to PM_(2.5) constituents with MetS and its components.Monte Carlo simulations(n=1000)were utilized to generate quasiconcentration-response(C-R)curve of joint exposure.A total of 633 MetS events occurred during 14,766.5 person-years follow-up(median 4.1 years).An estimated excess risk of 33%−51%in MetS incidence was linked to per interquartile range(IQR)increase in individual exposure to PM_(2.5) constituents.For an IQR-equivalent increase in joint exposure,we estimated a hazard ratio of 1.45(95%confidence interval:1.23−1.69)for MetS,1.49(1.31−1.69)for central obesity,1.19(1.06−1.34)for high BP,1.57(1.34−1.84)for lowHDL-C,1.31(1.14−1.51)for high TG,and 1.23(1.02−1.48)for elevated FBG,respectively.Approximately linear or J-shaped C-R curves were consistently observed in individual and joint associations of PM_(2.5) constituents with MetS and its components.Joint-exposure analyses provided consistent evidence for the greatest contribution of SO_(4)^(2−)in triggering PM_(2.5)-associated risks of overall MetS and its components.Stratified analysis suggested higher PM_(2.5)-related MetS risks among older participants and urban residents.These findings added longitudual population-based evidence for increased incident risks of MetS and its components associated with long-term exposures to PM_(2.5) constituents in middle-aged and older adults.展开更多
Xiaoyao San(XYS)is a classic Chinese medicine prescription.It is traditionally used to relieve syndrome of“liver stagnation and spleen deficiency”,a common syndrome type in traditional Chinese medicine,through sooth...Xiaoyao San(XYS)is a classic Chinese medicine prescription.It is traditionally used to relieve syndrome of“liver stagnation and spleen deficiency”,a common syndrome type in traditional Chinese medicine,through soothing liver,tonifying spleen,and nourishing blood.Correspondingly,XYS has long application in the treatment of depression,dyspepsia and liver diseases.Given the rising of cutting-edge researches on XYS,there’s a significant need to diligently uncover the bioactive constituents and action mechanisms of XYS for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease accordingly.展开更多
Besides its ornamental value, Hotan rose is widely used in medicine, health products, cosmetics, food, essential oil and other fields. It is necessary to conduct in-depth research on its chemical constituents and phar...Besides its ornamental value, Hotan rose is widely used in medicine, health products, cosmetics, food, essential oil and other fields. It is necessary to conduct in-depth research on its chemical constituents and pharmacological effects. This paper mainly discusses the application value and chemical constituents of Hotan rose, aiming at providing a certain basis for enhancing its application value and expanding its application fields.展开更多
The phase constituent evolution of Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloys with the mole ratio of Y to Zn both in the as-cast and as-annealed states at the Mg-rich corner was investigated by XRD and SEM/EDS analysis and was further explain...The phase constituent evolution of Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloys with the mole ratio of Y to Zn both in the as-cast and as-annealed states at the Mg-rich corner was investigated by XRD and SEM/EDS analysis and was further explained from the ternary phase diagram calculation. The results show that the formation of the secondary phases in Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloys firmly depends on the mole ratio of Y to Zn, and X （Mg 12 YZn）-phase, W （Mg 3 Y 2 Zn 3 ）-phase and I （Mg 3 YZn 6 ）-phase come out in sequence as the ratio of Y to Zn decreases. The mole ratios of Y to Zn with the corresponding phase constituent are suggested quantitatively as follows： the phase constituent is α-Mg ＋ I when the mole ratio of Y to Zn is about 0.164; α-Mg ＋ I ＋W when the mole ratio of Y to Zn is in the range of 0.164 0.33;α-Mg ＋W when the mole ratio of Y to Zn is about 0.33; α-Mg ＋W＋X when the mole ratio of Y to Zn is in the range of 0.33 1.32; and α-Mg ＋X when the mole ratio of Y to Zn is about 1.32. The results also offer a guideline for alloy selection and alloy design in Mg-Zn-Y-Zr system.展开更多
A new natural product (1) together with 26 know compounds were isolated from the Bulbs of Ornithogalum caudatum. Their structures were established on the basis of spectral analyses as n-butyl pyroglutamate (1), nonade...A new natural product (1) together with 26 know compounds were isolated from the Bulbs of Ornithogalum caudatum. Their structures were established on the basis of spectral analyses as n-butyl pyroglutamate (1), nonadecyl alcohol(2), eicosanol(3), behenic acid(4), b-sitosterol(5), stigmasterol(6), glycerol 1-monocerotate(7), pyrocatechol(8), p-ethoxybenzoic acid(9), p-coumarinic acid(10), protocatechuric acid(11), ursolic acid(12), betulinic acid(13), fumaric acid(14), succinic acid(15), uracil(16), xanthine(17), quercetin(18), kaempferol (19), isorham-netin(20), adenosine(21), daucosterol(22), stigmasterol 3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside(23), quercetin 3-O-b-D-glucopyra-noside(24), kaempferol 3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside(25), rutin(26), and kaempferol 3-O-b-rutinoside(27). All of them, except compound 5, were isolated from this plant for the first time.展开更多
Phytochemical investigation of the leaves of Premna microphylla Turcz led to the isolation of 13 known compounds. Based on spectroscopic and chemical evidences, their structures were identified as diosmetin （1）, blu...Phytochemical investigation of the leaves of Premna microphylla Turcz led to the isolation of 13 known compounds. Based on spectroscopic and chemical evidences, their structures were identified as diosmetin （1）, blumenol A （2）, （3S,5R,6S,7E,9R）-5,6-epoxy-3,9-dihydroxy-7-megastigmene （3）, 3β-hydroxy-5a,6a-epoxy-γ-megastigmen-9-one （4）, ixerol B （5）, （-）-dehydrovomifoliol （6）, 3S,5R-dihydroxy-6S,7-megastigmadien-9-one （7）, loliotide （8）, （＋）-dehydrololiolide （9）, （＋）-medioresinol （10）, 4-oxopinoresinol （11）, tormentic acid （12）, and indole-3-carboxylic acid （13）. Compounds 2-13 described above were isolated from this genus for the first time.展开更多
Semiaquilegia adoxoides ( DC. ) Makino ( Chinese name ''Tian-Kui-Zi'' ) , theonly species of genus Semiaquilegia, belongs to the Ranunculaceae family. As a perennial herbaceousplant, both the aerial pa...Semiaquilegia adoxoides ( DC. ) Makino ( Chinese name ''Tian-Kui-Zi'' ) , theonly species of genus Semiaquilegia, belongs to the Ranunculaceae family. As a perennial herbaceousplant, both the aerial parts and the roots are used in traditional Chinese medicine for differentmedications. The roots are often used to treat inflammation, snake bite, bruises and injuries,tonsillitis, mastitis, scrofula, and cancer for their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, andantineoplastic activities. The aerial parts are used for the treatment of mastitis, bruises, andheart diseases, such as endomyocarditis. The medicinal usage of this plant prompted us toinvestigate its chemical constituents. As a result, nine compounds 1-9 ( see Figure 1) were isolatedfrom the roots of S. adoxoides. Among them, compounds 1-7 and 9 were isolated from the genusSemiaquilegia for the first time.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the volatile constituents in Lonicera japonica Thunb. from different origins. [Method] HP-5MS capillary columns were used and column temperature was controlled by a program. MS ...[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the volatile constituents in Lonicera japonica Thunb. from different origins. [Method] HP-5MS capillary columns were used and column temperature was controlled by a program. MS analysis was performed with EI and quadruple mass analyzer. The volatile constituents in L. japonica Thunb. were identified by NIST02 and Wiley275 libraries, and their relative contents were determined with chromatographic peak area normalization method. [Result] According to GC-MS total ion-current chromatograms, 35 volatile constituents were identified in L. japonica Thunb. from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, mainly including methyl linolenate, n-hexadecanoic acid and ζ-muurolene; 18 volatile constituents were identified in L. japonica Thunb. from Hunan Province, mainly including n-hexadecanoic acid, linoleic acid and α-curcumene. [Conclusion] Main volatile constituents in L. japonica Thunb. from two different origins varied significantly.展开更多
Chemical constituents of the whole herb of Rhodiola kirilowii(Regl) Maxim.were investigated.The separation of the constituents was achieved by using a combination of various chromatographic techniques including column...Chemical constituents of the whole herb of Rhodiola kirilowii(Regl) Maxim.were investigated.The separation of the constituents was achieved by using a combination of various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography over silica gel,ODS,Sephadex LH-20 and reversed-phase HPLC.Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques including 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy.Eleven compounds were obtained and identified as 4-hydroxyphenylethyl-(4'- methoxyphenylethyl)ether(1),1-(2-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoate)-β-D-glucopyranose(2),4-ethoxy-phenylethanol acetate(3),p-hydroxyacetophenone (4),p-hydroxy-benzoic acid ethylester(5),4-hydroxybenzoic acid(6),4-hydroxybenzaldehyde(7),R(-)-mellein (8),stigmasterol(9),4-methoxy-phenylethanol(10),and methylgallate(11).Among them,1 and 2 are new compounds; compounds 3,5,7,8,and 10 were isolated from Rhodiola genus for the first time;and compounds 4,6,9,and 11 were isolated from Rhodiola kirilowii(Regl) Maxim.for the first time.展开更多
The aim of current study was to investigate the chemical constituents from the flowers of Rhododendron molle G. Don. The isolation and purification of components were achieved by a series of chromatography including s...The aim of current study was to investigate the chemical constituents from the flowers of Rhododendron molle G. Don. The isolation and purification of components were achieved by a series of chromatography including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and reversed-phase HPLC. Their structures were identified based on 1D, 2D NMR, and mass spectral analysis. Fifteen known compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as 2E,4Z-abscisic acid（1）, 2α-hydroxy-oleanolic acid（2）, oleanic acid（3）, asiatic acid（4）, benzyl glucoside（5）, dibutyl phthalate（6）, β-sitosterol（7）, vitexin（8）, quercetin（9）, steraric acid（10）, rhodomollein I（11）, rhodojaponin VI（12）, rhodomollein XI（13）, rhodojaponin II（14）, kalmanol（15）. Compounds 1–10 were isolated from Rhododendron molle for the first time.展开更多
Fructus corni is the dried sarcocarp of Cornus officinalis Sieb.et Zucc.It has been used as an important traditional Chinese medicine.Its action is to protect liver and kidney and regulate the essence of human body.In...Fructus corni is the dried sarcocarp of Cornus officinalis Sieb.et Zucc.It has been used as an important traditional Chinese medicine.Its action is to protect liver and kidney and regulate the essence of human body.In this paper,the research progress on the chemical ingredients and pharmacological activities of Fructus corni are reviewed.According to its pharmacological activities,some suggestions for future research and development have been made.展开更多
To study the chemical constituents of Sappan Lignum. Chemical constituents were isolated by method of solvent extraction, repeated chromatography with silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS. The structures were elucidate...To study the chemical constituents of Sappan Lignum. Chemical constituents were isolated by method of solvent extraction, repeated chromatography with silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS. The structures were elucidated based on spectro- scopic data. Fourteen compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as brazilin （1）, sappanone B （2）, （E）-3-（3,4- dihydroxybenzylidene）-7-hydroxychroman-4-one （3）, 3-deoxysappanone B （4）, brazilide A （5）, euxanthone （6）, quercetin （7）, rhamnetin （8）, sappanchalcone （9）, 3-deoxysappanchalcone （10）, butein （11）, 2,4,5-trihydroxybenzaldehyde （12）, 3,8,9-trihydroxy- 6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-one （13） and 13-sitosterol （14）. Compounds 12 and 13 were two new natural compounds, and the ^13C NMR data of compound 13 were reported for the first time. Compound 6 was the first xanthone isolated from the genus Caesalpinia.展开更多
Abstract： To investigate the chemical constituents of the roots of Polygala wattersii Hance, the separation and purification were performed by solvent extraction and repeated column chromatography （CC） on silica ge...Abstract： To investigate the chemical constituents of the roots of Polygala wattersii Hance, the separation and purification were performed by solvent extraction and repeated column chromatography （CC） on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and macroporous resin D101, preparative TLC and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis and comparison of their 1H and 13C NMR data with those reported in literatures. Twenty-three known compounds, including eleven xanthones （1-11）, nine sugar esters （12-20）, two triterpenoid saponins （21 and 22） and one phenylpropanoid （23） were isolated and their structures were identified as 1,3-dihydroxyxanthone （1）, 1-hydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone （2）, 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone （3）, 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2- methoxyxanthone （4）, 1,3,6-trihydroxy-2,7-dimethoxyxanthone （5）, 1,6,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxyxanthone （6）, 1,7-dihydroxy- 2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone （7）, 1,7-dimethoxyxanthone （8）, 1,2,3-trimethoxyxanthone （9）, 1-methoxy-2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone （10）, 6-hydroxy-0-methoxy-2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone （11）, 3＇-O-feruloyl-6-O-acetyl sucrose （12）, arillatose B （13）, sibricose A5 （14）, sibricose A6 （15）, 3＇,6-di-O-sinapoyl sucrose （16）, tenufoliside A （17）, 3＇-O-3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamoyl-6-O-p-methoxybenzoyl sucrose （18）, glomeratose A （19）, 1-O-p-coumaroyl-D-glucopyranose （20）, bayogenin-3-O-glucoside （21）, tenufolin （22）, and sinapic acid （23）. Among them, compounds 2 and 12 were obtained from genus Polygala for the first time, and except compound 16, all others were isolated from this species for the first time.展开更多
From the fruit of Rosa davidii Crep., eleven compounds were isolated and identified by spectral evidence, viz. 2 alpha, 3 beta, 19 beta -trihydroxyl-olean-12-en-28-oic acid (1), 2 alpha, 3 beta -dihydroxyl-urs-28 (13)...From the fruit of Rosa davidii Crep., eleven compounds were isolated and identified by spectral evidence, viz. 2 alpha, 3 beta, 19 beta -trihydroxyl-olean-12-en-28-oic acid (1), 2 alpha, 3 beta -dihydroxyl-urs-28 (13)-lactone (2), arjunic acid (3), euscaphic acid (4), 2 alpha, 3 beta -dihydroxyl-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (5), oleanolic acid (6), kaempferol (7), tiliroside (8), quercetin (9), daucosterol (10) and beta -sitosterol (11). Among them, 1 and 2 were new compounds.展开更多
The aim of this study is to perform a phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Murraya tetramera Huang. Nine compounds were isolated by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, together with preparative...The aim of this study is to perform a phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Murraya tetramera Huang. Nine compounds were isolated by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, together with preparative TLC and HPLC methods. By analysis of the MS and NMR spectroscopic data and comparison with those in literature, these nine compounds were identified as 3,3＇-[oxybis（methylene）]bis（9-methoxy-9H-carbazole）（1）, murrastifoline B（2）, murrayaquinone A（3）, 2,4-dimethoxyphenol（4）, 1,2-dimethoxy-4-nitrobenzene（5）, 3-methylanisole（6）,（–）-syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（7）, β-sitosterol（8）, and octadecanyl-3-methoxy-4-hydroxylbenzeneacrylate（9）, respectively. Among them, compounds 4–6 and 9 were described from the genus Murraya for the first time, and compounds 2–9 were isolated from M. tetramera for the first time.展开更多
A phytochemical investigation on the stems and rhizomes of Sinomenium acutum led to the isolation of 19 compounds, including three phenanthrenes, six anthraquinones, and ten phenolic derivatives. The structures of the...A phytochemical investigation on the stems and rhizomes of Sinomenium acutum led to the isolation of 19 compounds, including three phenanthrenes, six anthraquinones, and ten phenolic derivatives. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by analysis of the MS and NMR spectroscopic data and comparison with the literature. Compounds 1 and 2 are two new natural products, and their 1H and 13C NMR spectral data were fully assigned for the first time, with the help of2D NMR. All of the isolates were obtained from genus Sinomenium for the first time and the phenanthrene and anthraquinone are the structure type first reported from this genus plants.展开更多
Phytochemical investigation of the decoction of Urtica fissa rhizomes led to the isolation of 23 known compounds. Their structures were identified as medioresinol dimethyl ether （1）, L-pyroglutamic acid methyl ester...Phytochemical investigation of the decoction of Urtica fissa rhizomes led to the isolation of 23 known compounds. Their structures were identified as medioresinol dimethyl ether （1）, L-pyroglutamic acid methyl ester （2）, nicotinic acid （3）, L-pyroglutamic acid （4）, erythritol （5）, 6-methyl-2＇-deoxy thymidine （6）, 2-methyl-6-（2＇,3＇,4＇-trihydroxybutyl）-pyrazine （7）, 5-hydroxyl-2-hydroxymethyl pyridine （8）, adenine （9）, uracil （10）, thymine （11）, adenosine （12）, inosine （13）, 2＇-deoxyadenosine （14）, 2＇-deoxyguanosine （15）, 2＇-deoxyinosine （16）, uridine （17）, n-butyl-O-β-D-fructopyranoside （18）, di-D-fructose （19）, β-D-fructofuranosyl- α-D-galactopyranoside （20）, his （5-formyl-furfuryl） ether （21）, chlorogenic acid （22）, and 5-hydroxymethyl furaldehyde （23） by spectroscopic methods. In addition, a total of 20 compounds （1-20） were isolated from U. fissa for the first time. Meanwhile, compounds 1, 6, 7, 8, 19 and 20 were isolated from the Urticaceae plants for the first time.展开更多
基金Science and Technology Achievements Transformation Project of the Autonomous Prefecture(Project No.:202401)National College Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(Project Title:"Li Zhiyun·Ku Li Chun"-Pioneer in Promoting National Geographic Brand,Project Number:202513561005).
文摘Korla fragrant pears are one of the“famous,excellent,and special”fruits in Xinjiang.They belong to the white pear variety in the genus Pyrus of the Rosaceae family.With a long-standing planting history and strong regional characteristics,they are mainly produced in southern Xinjiang.Due to unique natural conditions such as large temperature differences between day and night and sufficient sunlight,Korla fragrant pears have a crispy texture,a sweet but not cloying taste,and their flesh is delicate and juicy,with excellent quality.Korla fragrant pears contain a variety of bioactive substances,mainly including polysaccharides,polyphenolic compounds,flavonoid compounds,triterpenoids,and sterols.They have medical effects such as“moistening the lungs,calming the heart,reducing phlegm,anti-inflammation,relieving cough,and resolving carbuncle toxins”.Uyghur and Mongolian medicine often use them as a good dietary therapy product.Based on recent literature reports,this paper reviews the main chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Korla fragrant pears,aiming to provide references for the research and utilization of the deep processing of Korla fragrant pears.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(82173600)Shanghai Leading Academic Project of Public Health,China(GWVI-8).
文摘Objective To investigate the association between long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))and its constituents and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),and to examine the modification roles of overweight status.Methods This prospective study included 27,507 adults living in rural China.The annual mean residential exposure to PM_(2.5)and its constituents was estimated using a satellite-based statistical model.Cox models were used to estimate the risk of T2DM associated with PM_(2.5)and its constituents.Stratified analysis quantified the role of overweight status in the association between PM_(2.5)constituents and T2DM.Results Over a median follow-up of 9.4 years,3,001 new T2DM cases were identified.The hazard ratio(HR)for a 10μg/m^(3)increase in ambient PM_(2.5)was 1.30(95%confidence interval[CI]:1.17,1.45).Among the constituents,the strongest association was observed with black carbon.Being overweight significantly modified the association between certain constituents and the risk of T2DM.Participants who were overweight and exposed to the highest quartile of PM_(2.5)constituents had the highest risk of T2DM(HR:2.46,95%CI:2.04,2.97).Conclusions Our findings indicate that PM_(2.5)was associated with an increased risk of T2DM,with black carbon potentially being the primary contributor.Being overweight appeared to enhance the association between PM_(2.5)and T2DM.This suggests that controlling both PM_(2.5)exposure and overweight status may reduce the burden of T2DM.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(8200340181972981)+1 种基金the Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province(222102310150,China)the Open Research Fund of the National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention(NHCKLBDP202504,China).
文摘Preterm birth(PTB),defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation,is the most common adverse pregnancy outcome[1].PTB is a global health concern,with an estimated 13.4 million cases in 2020[1],accounting for more than one in 10 births worldwide.Compared to full-term births,PTBs are associated with a higher risk of short-and long-term complications,including bronchopulmonary dysplasia,necrotizing enterocolitis,visual impairment,and cerebral injuries[2].Despite substantial research efforts to prevent PTB,the global PTB rate has shown little improvement over the past decade[1].Therefore,identifying additional risk factors remains a critical goal in preventing PTB.
基金supported by Wuhan Knowledge Innovation Project(No.2023020201020410)“The 14th Five Year Plan”Hubei Provincial Advantaged Characteristic Disciplines(Groups)Project ofWuhan University of Science and Technology(No.2023C0102).
文摘Cohort evidence linking fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))constituents to metabolic syndrome(MetS)was extensively scarce.A nationwide MetS-free cohort of 3658 participants aged 45 and above,followed up from2011 to 2015,were enrolled from125 cities across China’smainland.Cox proportional hazards models and quantile-based g-computation were adopted to investigate individual and joint effects of exposure to PM_(2.5) constituents with MetS and its components.Monte Carlo simulations(n=1000)were utilized to generate quasiconcentration-response(C-R)curve of joint exposure.A total of 633 MetS events occurred during 14,766.5 person-years follow-up(median 4.1 years).An estimated excess risk of 33%−51%in MetS incidence was linked to per interquartile range(IQR)increase in individual exposure to PM_(2.5) constituents.For an IQR-equivalent increase in joint exposure,we estimated a hazard ratio of 1.45(95%confidence interval:1.23−1.69)for MetS,1.49(1.31−1.69)for central obesity,1.19(1.06−1.34)for high BP,1.57(1.34−1.84)for lowHDL-C,1.31(1.14−1.51)for high TG,and 1.23(1.02−1.48)for elevated FBG,respectively.Approximately linear or J-shaped C-R curves were consistently observed in individual and joint associations of PM_(2.5) constituents with MetS and its components.Joint-exposure analyses provided consistent evidence for the greatest contribution of SO_(4)^(2−)in triggering PM_(2.5)-associated risks of overall MetS and its components.Stratified analysis suggested higher PM_(2.5)-related MetS risks among older participants and urban residents.These findings added longitudual population-based evidence for increased incident risks of MetS and its components associated with long-term exposures to PM_(2.5) constituents in middle-aged and older adults.
文摘Xiaoyao San(XYS)is a classic Chinese medicine prescription.It is traditionally used to relieve syndrome of“liver stagnation and spleen deficiency”,a common syndrome type in traditional Chinese medicine,through soothing liver,tonifying spleen,and nourishing blood.Correspondingly,XYS has long application in the treatment of depression,dyspepsia and liver diseases.Given the rising of cutting-edge researches on XYS,there’s a significant need to diligently uncover the bioactive constituents and action mechanisms of XYS for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease accordingly.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project of Central Asia Drug Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAM202204).
文摘Besides its ornamental value, Hotan rose is widely used in medicine, health products, cosmetics, food, essential oil and other fields. It is necessary to conduct in-depth research on its chemical constituents and pharmacological effects. This paper mainly discusses the application value and chemical constituents of Hotan rose, aiming at providing a certain basis for enhancing its application value and expanding its application fields.
基金Project(50725413)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The phase constituent evolution of Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloys with the mole ratio of Y to Zn both in the as-cast and as-annealed states at the Mg-rich corner was investigated by XRD and SEM/EDS analysis and was further explained from the ternary phase diagram calculation. The results show that the formation of the secondary phases in Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloys firmly depends on the mole ratio of Y to Zn, and X （Mg 12 YZn）-phase, W （Mg 3 Y 2 Zn 3 ）-phase and I （Mg 3 YZn 6 ）-phase come out in sequence as the ratio of Y to Zn decreases. The mole ratios of Y to Zn with the corresponding phase constituent are suggested quantitatively as follows： the phase constituent is α-Mg ＋ I when the mole ratio of Y to Zn is about 0.164; α-Mg ＋ I ＋W when the mole ratio of Y to Zn is in the range of 0.164 0.33;α-Mg ＋W when the mole ratio of Y to Zn is about 0.33; α-Mg ＋W＋X when the mole ratio of Y to Zn is in the range of 0.33 1.32; and α-Mg ＋X when the mole ratio of Y to Zn is about 1.32. The results also offer a guideline for alloy selection and alloy design in Mg-Zn-Y-Zr system.
基金This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (96-901-05-266).
文摘A new natural product (1) together with 26 know compounds were isolated from the Bulbs of Ornithogalum caudatum. Their structures were established on the basis of spectral analyses as n-butyl pyroglutamate (1), nonadecyl alcohol(2), eicosanol(3), behenic acid(4), b-sitosterol(5), stigmasterol(6), glycerol 1-monocerotate(7), pyrocatechol(8), p-ethoxybenzoic acid(9), p-coumarinic acid(10), protocatechuric acid(11), ursolic acid(12), betulinic acid(13), fumaric acid(14), succinic acid(15), uracil(16), xanthine(17), quercetin(18), kaempferol (19), isorham-netin(20), adenosine(21), daucosterol(22), stigmasterol 3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside(23), quercetin 3-O-b-D-glucopyra-noside(24), kaempferol 3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside(25), rutin(26), and kaempferol 3-O-b-rutinoside(27). All of them, except compound 5, were isolated from this plant for the first time.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31270390)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(Grant No.NCET-08-0224)
文摘Phytochemical investigation of the leaves of Premna microphylla Turcz led to the isolation of 13 known compounds. Based on spectroscopic and chemical evidences, their structures were identified as diosmetin （1）, blumenol A （2）, （3S,5R,6S,7E,9R）-5,6-epoxy-3,9-dihydroxy-7-megastigmene （3）, 3β-hydroxy-5a,6a-epoxy-γ-megastigmen-9-one （4）, ixerol B （5）, （-）-dehydrovomifoliol （6）, 3S,5R-dihydroxy-6S,7-megastigmadien-9-one （7）, loliotide （8）, （＋）-dehydrololiolide （9）, （＋）-medioresinol （10）, 4-oxopinoresinol （11）, tormentic acid （12）, and indole-3-carboxylic acid （13）. Compounds 2-13 described above were isolated from this genus for the first time.
基金Ministry of Science and Technology of People'sRepublic of China (No. 2004AA2Z3730)
文摘Semiaquilegia adoxoides ( DC. ) Makino ( Chinese name ''Tian-Kui-Zi'' ) , theonly species of genus Semiaquilegia, belongs to the Ranunculaceae family. As a perennial herbaceousplant, both the aerial parts and the roots are used in traditional Chinese medicine for differentmedications. The roots are often used to treat inflammation, snake bite, bruises and injuries,tonsillitis, mastitis, scrofula, and cancer for their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, andantineoplastic activities. The aerial parts are used for the treatment of mastitis, bruises, andheart diseases, such as endomyocarditis. The medicinal usage of this plant prompted us toinvestigate its chemical constituents. As a result, nine compounds 1-9 ( see Figure 1) were isolatedfrom the roots of S. adoxoides. Among them, compounds 1-7 and 9 were isolated from the genusSemiaquilegia for the first time.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(2011GXNSFF018006)Special Fund for Bagui Scholar Project~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the volatile constituents in Lonicera japonica Thunb. from different origins. [Method] HP-5MS capillary columns were used and column temperature was controlled by a program. MS analysis was performed with EI and quadruple mass analyzer. The volatile constituents in L. japonica Thunb. were identified by NIST02 and Wiley275 libraries, and their relative contents were determined with chromatographic peak area normalization method. [Result] According to GC-MS total ion-current chromatograms, 35 volatile constituents were identified in L. japonica Thunb. from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, mainly including methyl linolenate, n-hexadecanoic acid and ζ-muurolene; 18 volatile constituents were identified in L. japonica Thunb. from Hunan Province, mainly including n-hexadecanoic acid, linoleic acid and α-curcumene. [Conclusion] Main volatile constituents in L. japonica Thunb. from two different origins varied significantly.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.30973628).
文摘Chemical constituents of the whole herb of Rhodiola kirilowii(Regl) Maxim.were investigated.The separation of the constituents was achieved by using a combination of various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography over silica gel,ODS,Sephadex LH-20 and reversed-phase HPLC.Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques including 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy.Eleven compounds were obtained and identified as 4-hydroxyphenylethyl-(4'- methoxyphenylethyl)ether(1),1-(2-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoate)-β-D-glucopyranose(2),4-ethoxy-phenylethanol acetate(3),p-hydroxyacetophenone (4),p-hydroxy-benzoic acid ethylester(5),4-hydroxybenzoic acid(6),4-hydroxybenzaldehyde(7),R(-)-mellein (8),stigmasterol(9),4-methoxy-phenylethanol(10),and methylgallate(11).Among them,1 and 2 are new compounds; compounds 3,5,7,8,and 10 were isolated from Rhodiola genus for the first time;and compounds 4,6,9,and 11 were isolated from Rhodiola kirilowii(Regl) Maxim.for the first time.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81172943)
文摘The aim of current study was to investigate the chemical constituents from the flowers of Rhododendron molle G. Don. The isolation and purification of components were achieved by a series of chromatography including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and reversed-phase HPLC. Their structures were identified based on 1D, 2D NMR, and mass spectral analysis. Fifteen known compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as 2E,4Z-abscisic acid（1）, 2α-hydroxy-oleanolic acid（2）, oleanic acid（3）, asiatic acid（4）, benzyl glucoside（5）, dibutyl phthalate（6）, β-sitosterol（7）, vitexin（8）, quercetin（9）, steraric acid（10）, rhodomollein I（11）, rhodojaponin VI（12）, rhodomollein XI（13）, rhodojaponin II（14）, kalmanol（15）. Compounds 1–10 were isolated from Rhododendron molle for the first time.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.30873438/c190801).
文摘Fructus corni is the dried sarcocarp of Cornus officinalis Sieb.et Zucc.It has been used as an important traditional Chinese medicine.Its action is to protect liver and kidney and regulate the essence of human body.In this paper,the research progress on the chemical ingredients and pharmacological activities of Fructus corni are reviewed.According to its pharmacological activities,some suggestions for future research and development have been made.
文摘To study the chemical constituents of Sappan Lignum. Chemical constituents were isolated by method of solvent extraction, repeated chromatography with silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS. The structures were elucidated based on spectro- scopic data. Fourteen compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as brazilin （1）, sappanone B （2）, （E）-3-（3,4- dihydroxybenzylidene）-7-hydroxychroman-4-one （3）, 3-deoxysappanone B （4）, brazilide A （5）, euxanthone （6）, quercetin （7）, rhamnetin （8）, sappanchalcone （9）, 3-deoxysappanchalcone （10）, butein （11）, 2,4,5-trihydroxybenzaldehyde （12）, 3,8,9-trihydroxy- 6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-one （13） and 13-sitosterol （14）. Compounds 12 and 13 were two new natural compounds, and the ^13C NMR data of compound 13 were reported for the first time. Compound 6 was the first xanthone isolated from the genus Caesalpinia.
基金The National Key Technology R&D Program"New Drug Innovation"of China(Grant No.2012ZX09301002-002-002,2012ZX09304-005)special funds for scientific research on traditional Chinese medicine(Grant No.201307002)National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars(Grant No.81222051)
文摘Abstract： To investigate the chemical constituents of the roots of Polygala wattersii Hance, the separation and purification were performed by solvent extraction and repeated column chromatography （CC） on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and macroporous resin D101, preparative TLC and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis and comparison of their 1H and 13C NMR data with those reported in literatures. Twenty-three known compounds, including eleven xanthones （1-11）, nine sugar esters （12-20）, two triterpenoid saponins （21 and 22） and one phenylpropanoid （23） were isolated and their structures were identified as 1,3-dihydroxyxanthone （1）, 1-hydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone （2）, 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone （3）, 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2- methoxyxanthone （4）, 1,3,6-trihydroxy-2,7-dimethoxyxanthone （5）, 1,6,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxyxanthone （6）, 1,7-dihydroxy- 2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone （7）, 1,7-dimethoxyxanthone （8）, 1,2,3-trimethoxyxanthone （9）, 1-methoxy-2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone （10）, 6-hydroxy-0-methoxy-2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone （11）, 3＇-O-feruloyl-6-O-acetyl sucrose （12）, arillatose B （13）, sibricose A5 （14）, sibricose A6 （15）, 3＇,6-di-O-sinapoyl sucrose （16）, tenufoliside A （17）, 3＇-O-3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamoyl-6-O-p-methoxybenzoyl sucrose （18）, glomeratose A （19）, 1-O-p-coumaroyl-D-glucopyranose （20）, bayogenin-3-O-glucoside （21）, tenufolin （22）, and sinapic acid （23）. Among them, compounds 2 and 12 were obtained from genus Polygala for the first time, and except compound 16, all others were isolated from this species for the first time.
基金National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars(Grant No.81222051)National Key Technology R&D Program “New Drug Innovation” of China(Grant Nos.2012ZX09301002-002-002 and 2012ZX09304-005)
文摘The aim of this study is to perform a phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Murraya tetramera Huang. Nine compounds were isolated by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, together with preparative TLC and HPLC methods. By analysis of the MS and NMR spectroscopic data and comparison with those in literature, these nine compounds were identified as 3,3＇-[oxybis（methylene）]bis（9-methoxy-9H-carbazole）（1）, murrastifoline B（2）, murrayaquinone A（3）, 2,4-dimethoxyphenol（4）, 1,2-dimethoxy-4-nitrobenzene（5）, 3-methylanisole（6）,（–）-syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（7）, β-sitosterol（8）, and octadecanyl-3-methoxy-4-hydroxylbenzeneacrylate（9）, respectively. Among them, compounds 4–6 and 9 were described from the genus Murraya for the first time, and compounds 2–9 were isolated from M. tetramera for the first time.
基金National Natural Sciences Foundation of Chin(NS FCGrant Nos.81222051 and 81473106)National Key Technology R&D Program"New Drug Innovation"of China(Gran No s.2012ZX09301002-002-002 and 2012ZX09304-005)
文摘A phytochemical investigation on the stems and rhizomes of Sinomenium acutum led to the isolation of 19 compounds, including three phenanthrenes, six anthraquinones, and ten phenolic derivatives. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by analysis of the MS and NMR spectroscopic data and comparison with the literature. Compounds 1 and 2 are two new natural products, and their 1H and 13C NMR spectral data were fully assigned for the first time, with the help of2D NMR. All of the isolates were obtained from genus Sinomenium for the first time and the phenanthrene and anthraquinone are the structure type first reported from this genus plants.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(G rant No.81374067)
文摘Phytochemical investigation of the decoction of Urtica fissa rhizomes led to the isolation of 23 known compounds. Their structures were identified as medioresinol dimethyl ether （1）, L-pyroglutamic acid methyl ester （2）, nicotinic acid （3）, L-pyroglutamic acid （4）, erythritol （5）, 6-methyl-2＇-deoxy thymidine （6）, 2-methyl-6-（2＇,3＇,4＇-trihydroxybutyl）-pyrazine （7）, 5-hydroxyl-2-hydroxymethyl pyridine （8）, adenine （9）, uracil （10）, thymine （11）, adenosine （12）, inosine （13）, 2＇-deoxyadenosine （14）, 2＇-deoxyguanosine （15）, 2＇-deoxyinosine （16）, uridine （17）, n-butyl-O-β-D-fructopyranoside （18）, di-D-fructose （19）, β-D-fructofuranosyl- α-D-galactopyranoside （20）, his （5-formyl-furfuryl） ether （21）, chlorogenic acid （22）, and 5-hydroxymethyl furaldehyde （23） by spectroscopic methods. In addition, a total of 20 compounds （1-20） were isolated from U. fissa for the first time. Meanwhile, compounds 1, 6, 7, 8, 19 and 20 were isolated from the Urticaceae plants for the first time.
