笔者采用量化研究的方法,运用第二语言教学的课堂话语互动理论,选取目前应用最为广泛且公认为设计比较成熟的观察第二语言课堂话语互动的量表——COLT(Communicative Orientation of Language Teaching)量表对三位教师的初级汉语口语课...笔者采用量化研究的方法,运用第二语言教学的课堂话语互动理论,选取目前应用最为广泛且公认为设计比较成熟的观察第二语言课堂话语互动的量表——COLT(Communicative Orientation of Language Teaching)量表对三位教师的初级汉语口语课堂进行观察和描写,分析出对外汉语初级阶段口语课堂话语互动的特点,并针对分析出的问题,提出了在初级阶段促进课堂话语互动,提高学生话语输出水平的策略。展开更多
Plants were regenerated from leaves of cherry rootstock Colt by two methods,the frequencies were 48 3% and 21 3%.Leaves were cultured on MS medium supplemented with NAA 1 0mg/L,KT 3 0mg/L and ZT 0 25mg/L.After 5...Plants were regenerated from leaves of cherry rootstock Colt by two methods,the frequencies were 48 3% and 21 3%.Leaves were cultured on MS medium supplemented with NAA 1 0mg/L,KT 3 0mg/L and ZT 0 25mg/L.After 5～7 days leaves dedifferentiated,and formed callus.About 25 days later,callus grew into greenish or pink compact ones,the induction frequency was 100%.The color and structural feature of callus depended on the medium,culture condition and physiology phase of leaves.To induce callus,NAA was the main factor.Leaves rooted in medium only with NAA.In order to inhibit rooting and make callus grow fast,KT and ZT were added to the medium.Leaves cultured without light could quickly form callus during the initial stage of dedifferentiation.Young leaves dedifferentiated more easily than old leaves.After had been cultured about 50 days,callus were transferred to MS medium supplemented with NAA 0 2mg/L,IAA 0 5mg/L,6 BA 0 5mg/L,KT 1 0 mg/L and GA 0 5mg/L,and redifferentiated at a frequency of 21 3%.The callus of Colt leaves were difficult to redifferentiate.GA was important in the redifferentiation of callus.The result showed that callus could redifferentiate in all the mediums with GA,and could not redifferentiate without GA.The ability of redifferentiation of big callus was higher than that of small ones.And the physiology character of callus was also important.High regeneration frequency was obtained from greenish or pink compact callus.The frequency of regeneration of petioles was higher than that of leaves.Leaf petioles' regeneration need high concentration of cytokinin(more than 5 0mg/L).Leaf petioles were cultured on MS medium supplement with 6 BA 6 0mg/L,NAA 1 0mg/L and GA 0 5mg/L,and regenerated at a frequency of 48 3%.展开更多
The study considers the morphological and physiological behaviour of self-rooted sweet cherry CV （Cultivar） ＇Hedelfinger＇ wild type （H） and somaclonal （HS） grafted on ＇Gisela 6＇ and ＇Colt＇ rootstock. The s...The study considers the morphological and physiological behaviour of self-rooted sweet cherry CV （Cultivar） ＇Hedelfinger＇ wild type （H） and somaclonal （HS） grafted on ＇Gisela 6＇ and ＇Colt＇ rootstock. The somaclonal showed reduced vegetative vigour without any variation of the natural tree＇s architecture. The rootstock ＇Gisela 6＇ caused change in genotype habitus inducing a spreading shape, while ＇Colt＇ increased trunk diameter and height. Fruit quality and size were not affected by genotype nor rootstock. ＇Gisela 6＇, from these preliminary data, had proved the most suitable rootstock for both genotypes since it reduced the tree size and vigor and induced early bearing and the production of a greater number of fruiting spurs.展开更多
本文描述了有关英语教学实证性研究的数据收集方法和具体步骤。在介绍和分析COLT（Communicative Orientation of Language Teaching）课堂观察体系的基础上，作者设计出对英语教学进行课堂评价的标准和模板（An adapted version of COL...本文描述了有关英语教学实证性研究的数据收集方法和具体步骤。在介绍和分析COLT（Communicative Orientation of Language Teaching）课堂观察体系的基础上，作者设计出对英语教学进行课堂评价的标准和模板（An adapted version of COLT Part A）。本文希望这一改编后的观察体系能够帮助教学研究人员进行更加有效的实证性研究，以便能够深入地探索有关英语课堂教学的相关议题。展开更多
文摘笔者采用量化研究的方法,运用第二语言教学的课堂话语互动理论,选取目前应用最为广泛且公认为设计比较成熟的观察第二语言课堂话语互动的量表——COLT(Communicative Orientation of Language Teaching)量表对三位教师的初级汉语口语课堂进行观察和描写,分析出对外汉语初级阶段口语课堂话语互动的特点,并针对分析出的问题,提出了在初级阶段促进课堂话语互动,提高学生话语输出水平的策略。
基金TheprojectwassupportedbytheLocalKeyProjectofChinainLiaoningProvince (No .97-2 1 -0 4)
文摘Plants were regenerated from leaves of cherry rootstock Colt by two methods,the frequencies were 48 3% and 21 3%.Leaves were cultured on MS medium supplemented with NAA 1 0mg/L,KT 3 0mg/L and ZT 0 25mg/L.After 5～7 days leaves dedifferentiated,and formed callus.About 25 days later,callus grew into greenish or pink compact ones,the induction frequency was 100%.The color and structural feature of callus depended on the medium,culture condition and physiology phase of leaves.To induce callus,NAA was the main factor.Leaves rooted in medium only with NAA.In order to inhibit rooting and make callus grow fast,KT and ZT were added to the medium.Leaves cultured without light could quickly form callus during the initial stage of dedifferentiation.Young leaves dedifferentiated more easily than old leaves.After had been cultured about 50 days,callus were transferred to MS medium supplemented with NAA 0 2mg/L,IAA 0 5mg/L,6 BA 0 5mg/L,KT 1 0 mg/L and GA 0 5mg/L,and redifferentiated at a frequency of 21 3%.The callus of Colt leaves were difficult to redifferentiate.GA was important in the redifferentiation of callus.The result showed that callus could redifferentiate in all the mediums with GA,and could not redifferentiate without GA.The ability of redifferentiation of big callus was higher than that of small ones.And the physiology character of callus was also important.High regeneration frequency was obtained from greenish or pink compact callus.The frequency of regeneration of petioles was higher than that of leaves.Leaf petioles' regeneration need high concentration of cytokinin(more than 5 0mg/L).Leaf petioles were cultured on MS medium supplement with 6 BA 6 0mg/L,NAA 1 0mg/L and GA 0 5mg/L,and regenerated at a frequency of 48 3%.
文摘The study considers the morphological and physiological behaviour of self-rooted sweet cherry CV （Cultivar） ＇Hedelfinger＇ wild type （H） and somaclonal （HS） grafted on ＇Gisela 6＇ and ＇Colt＇ rootstock. The somaclonal showed reduced vegetative vigour without any variation of the natural tree＇s architecture. The rootstock ＇Gisela 6＇ caused change in genotype habitus inducing a spreading shape, while ＇Colt＇ increased trunk diameter and height. Fruit quality and size were not affected by genotype nor rootstock. ＇Gisela 6＇, from these preliminary data, had proved the most suitable rootstock for both genotypes since it reduced the tree size and vigor and induced early bearing and the production of a greater number of fruiting spurs.
文摘本文描述了有关英语教学实证性研究的数据收集方法和具体步骤。在介绍和分析COLT（Communicative Orientation of Language Teaching）课堂观察体系的基础上，作者设计出对英语教学进行课堂评价的标准和模板（An adapted version of COLT Part A）。本文希望这一改编后的观察体系能够帮助教学研究人员进行更加有效的实证性研究，以便能够深入地探索有关英语课堂教学的相关议题。
