语言学习不应仅限于词法和句法的学习,而应更加关注词汇在语境中的整体性意义。本研究借助美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以动词witness为节点词来研究扩展意义单位,分析该词的类联接特点、搭配词的语义倾向以及结合语境所体现的语义韵信息...语言学习不应仅限于词法和句法的学习,而应更加关注词汇在语境中的整体性意义。本研究借助美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以动词witness为节点词来研究扩展意义单位,分析该词的类联接特点、搭配词的语义倾向以及结合语境所体现的语义韵信息。研究发现,动词witness主要与名词、副词搭配,其中名词搭配强调事件描述,副词搭配突出时间体验。此外,该词还能与介词、助动词、副词、代词、冠词和名词等词类进行多样化的类联接,构成丰富的句法结构。在语义倾向方面,witness体现出直接性、亲历性,并常与重大事件相关联。其语义韵以中性和消极倾向为主,积极倾向较少。研究为理解witness词汇提供了新的视角,并为语言学习和教学提供了实用框架。Language learning should extend beyond morphology and syntax to encompass the holistic meaning of vocabulary in context. This study employs the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) to investigate the extended unit of meaning of the verb witness, analyzing its collocational patterns, the semantic tendencies of its co-occurring words, and semantic prosody information embodied in the context. The findings reveal that the verb witness primarily collocates with nouns and adverbs, with noun collocations emphasizing event description and adverb collocations highlighting temporal experience. Additionally, witness forms diverse syntactic structures through various collocations with prepositions, auxiliary verbs, pronouns, determiners, nouns, and other word classes. In terms of semantic tendencies, witness conveys directness, firsthand experience, and is often associated with significant events. Its semantic prosody is predominantly neutral or negative, with fewer instances of positive connotations. This study provides new insights for understanding the lexical behavior of witness and a practical framework for language learning and teaching.展开更多
词汇习得研究是语料库语言学界的研究热点,作为语料库驱动的短语研究的重要描述机制,扩展意义单位模型为研究词汇的整体性意义提供了新的研究视角。本研究利用美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以动词“demonstrate”为节点词,探讨了该词的扩...词汇习得研究是语料库语言学界的研究热点,作为语料库驱动的短语研究的重要描述机制,扩展意义单位模型为研究词汇的整体性意义提供了新的研究视角。本研究利用美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以动词“demonstrate”为节点词,探讨了该词的扩展意义单位,即该动词的搭配、类联接特点、搭配词的语义倾向,以及整个复合词项的语义韵信息。研究发现,动词“demonstrate”常出现在学术文章中,常与带有“研究”词义的词汇搭配,多用于书面语。同时,该词能够与名词、形容词、副词和介词等词性进行不同的类联接,从而构成丰富多样的句法结构。此外,该词与形容词、副词和介词搭配时,分别体现积极、中性和消极的语义倾向,整个复合词项分别呈现出褒义、中立和贬义的语义韵。通过研究词汇的扩展意义单位,二语学习者可以发现整个扩展意义单位所传达的态度意义,从而提高自身的语言表达能力。The study of vocabulary acquisition has become a hot topic in the corpus linguistics community. As an important descriptive mechanism for corpus-driven phrase research, the extended unit of meaning model provides a new research perspective on the holistic meaning of vocabulary. This study utilizes the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) to investigate the extended unit of meaning of the verb “demonstrate”. This includes its collocation, colligation, semantic preference and semantic prosody. The results of the study indicate that the verb “demonstrate” frequently appears in academic articles, often collocates with words carrying the meaning of research, and is predominantly used in written language. Furthermore, this verb is able to form various syntactic structures through different collocations with nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions. Additionally, when collocating with adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions, the verb exhibits positive, neutral, and negative semantic preferences, respectively, resulting in a positive, neutral, and negative semantic prosody. By studying the expanded semantic units of vocabulary, second language learners can uncover the attitudinal meanings conveyed by the extended unit of meaning, thereby enhancing their own language expression abilities.展开更多
认知偏差影响二语习得进程,如词汇学习存在“刻板印象”、“过度概括”现象。本研究基于美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以“divorce”为节点词研究其扩展意义单位,从名词、动词两角度分别分析该搭配词的语义倾向,词类联接特点以及语义韵特...认知偏差影响二语习得进程,如词汇学习存在“刻板印象”、“过度概括”现象。本研究基于美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以“divorce”为节点词研究其扩展意义单位,从名词、动词两角度分别分析该搭配词的语义倾向,词类联接特点以及语义韵特征。研究发现,该词适用范围广泛,作为名词使用更正式。该词类联接丰富;中性语义倾向占绝对优势,其次为消极语义倾向,极少数表现积极的语义倾向。“divorce”与“from”搭配相对特殊,体现双重语义倾向。此外,发现两组体现消极语义韵的固定结构。除了与积极/消极搭配词共现,该词还通过因果逻辑、并列结构共现表现其语义韵特点。此外,存在不合理增强其消极性现象,应避免。在语言学习及研究过程中,英语学习者可借助扩展意义单位分析,以便更好地理解、应用该词。Cognitive biases affect the process of second language acquisition, such as the phenomena of “stereotyping” and “overgeneralization” in vocabulary learning. This study, based on the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), explores the extended meaning unit of the node word “divorce”, analyzing its semantic tendencies, word class connections, and semantic prosody features from both noun and verb perspectives. The findings show that “divorce” has a broad range of applications, with its use as a noun being more formal. The word class connections associated with “divorce” are rich and varied;its semantic tendencies are overwhelmingly neutral, followed by negative, with positive semantic tendencies being extremely rare. The collocation of “divorce” with “from” is relatively special, reflecting a dual semantic tendency. Furthermore, two sets of fixed structures exhibiting negative semantic prosody were identified. In addition to co-occurring with words that have positive/negative connotations, “divorce” also demonstrates its semantic prosody characteristics through causal logic and parallel constructions. Moreover, there is a phenomenon of irrationally amplifying its negativity, which should be avoided. In the process of language learning and research, English learners can benefit from the analysis of extended meaning unit to better understand and use the word.展开更多
美国当代英语语料库COCA(Corpus of Contemporary American English)由美国杨伯翰大学Mark Davies教授开发,是当今世界上最大的英语平衡语料库,库容量超过10亿单词的美国英语语料库。英语词汇中存在着在数量众多的词义相近的词汇,在石...美国当代英语语料库COCA(Corpus of Contemporary American English)由美国杨伯翰大学Mark Davies教授开发,是当今世界上最大的英语平衡语料库,库容量超过10亿单词的美国英语语料库。英语词汇中存在着在数量众多的词义相近的词汇,在石油科技类文本的翻译过程中,为了确保译文用词准确,借助COCA语料库其广泛的语料范围,再现目的语母语者的真实使用情况,为学者们研究近义词的辨析理解提供了极其有效的帮助。本次将以Leak、Leakage为例,借助COCA语料库对其从词频、语域、搭配和这三方面来进行对比分析,研究两者之间的区别。展开更多
在全球相对和平的环境中,尽管没有爆发大规模冲突,但局部冲突频发,如俄乌冲突、巴以冲突。在关于地域冲突的新闻研究中,动词“attack”频繁出现。基于美国当代语料库(COCA),本研究聚焦于“attack”动词的扩展意义单位,探讨其搭配、类联...在全球相对和平的环境中,尽管没有爆发大规模冲突,但局部冲突频发,如俄乌冲突、巴以冲突。在关于地域冲突的新闻研究中,动词“attack”频繁出现。基于美国当代语料库(COCA),本研究聚焦于“attack”动词的扩展意义单位,探讨其搭配、类联接特征、语义倾向及语境中传达的语义韵。研究发现,“attack”动词可与多种词类构成复杂句法结构,其搭配词多具有攻击性语义倾向,体现消极的语义韵,但也有少量表现出积极的语义韵。这一分析为新闻研究和地域冲突理解提供了视角,有助于更准确解读地域冲突新闻的复杂信息。In a relatively peaceful global context, despite the absence of large-scale wars, localized conflicts occur frequently, such as the Russia-Ukraine and Israel-Palestine conflicts. In war news studies, the verb “attack” frequently appears. Based on data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), this study focuses on the extended meaning units of the verb “attack,” exploring its collocations, colligational characteristics, semantic preference, and the semantic prosody conveyed in context. The findings reveal that the verb “attack” forms complex syntactic structures with various word classes, with collocates often exhibiting an aggressive semantic inclination, reflecting a negative semantic prosody, though a few instances demonstrate a positive semantic prosody. This analysis provides a perspective for news research and understanding of regional conflicts, contributing to a more accurate interpretation of the complex information within war-related news.展开更多
文摘语言学习不应仅限于词法和句法的学习,而应更加关注词汇在语境中的整体性意义。本研究借助美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以动词witness为节点词来研究扩展意义单位,分析该词的类联接特点、搭配词的语义倾向以及结合语境所体现的语义韵信息。研究发现,动词witness主要与名词、副词搭配,其中名词搭配强调事件描述,副词搭配突出时间体验。此外,该词还能与介词、助动词、副词、代词、冠词和名词等词类进行多样化的类联接,构成丰富的句法结构。在语义倾向方面,witness体现出直接性、亲历性,并常与重大事件相关联。其语义韵以中性和消极倾向为主,积极倾向较少。研究为理解witness词汇提供了新的视角,并为语言学习和教学提供了实用框架。Language learning should extend beyond morphology and syntax to encompass the holistic meaning of vocabulary in context. This study employs the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) to investigate the extended unit of meaning of the verb witness, analyzing its collocational patterns, the semantic tendencies of its co-occurring words, and semantic prosody information embodied in the context. The findings reveal that the verb witness primarily collocates with nouns and adverbs, with noun collocations emphasizing event description and adverb collocations highlighting temporal experience. Additionally, witness forms diverse syntactic structures through various collocations with prepositions, auxiliary verbs, pronouns, determiners, nouns, and other word classes. In terms of semantic tendencies, witness conveys directness, firsthand experience, and is often associated with significant events. Its semantic prosody is predominantly neutral or negative, with fewer instances of positive connotations. This study provides new insights for understanding the lexical behavior of witness and a practical framework for language learning and teaching.
文摘词汇习得研究是语料库语言学界的研究热点,作为语料库驱动的短语研究的重要描述机制,扩展意义单位模型为研究词汇的整体性意义提供了新的研究视角。本研究利用美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以动词“demonstrate”为节点词,探讨了该词的扩展意义单位,即该动词的搭配、类联接特点、搭配词的语义倾向,以及整个复合词项的语义韵信息。研究发现,动词“demonstrate”常出现在学术文章中,常与带有“研究”词义的词汇搭配,多用于书面语。同时,该词能够与名词、形容词、副词和介词等词性进行不同的类联接,从而构成丰富多样的句法结构。此外,该词与形容词、副词和介词搭配时,分别体现积极、中性和消极的语义倾向,整个复合词项分别呈现出褒义、中立和贬义的语义韵。通过研究词汇的扩展意义单位,二语学习者可以发现整个扩展意义单位所传达的态度意义,从而提高自身的语言表达能力。The study of vocabulary acquisition has become a hot topic in the corpus linguistics community. As an important descriptive mechanism for corpus-driven phrase research, the extended unit of meaning model provides a new research perspective on the holistic meaning of vocabulary. This study utilizes the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) to investigate the extended unit of meaning of the verb “demonstrate”. This includes its collocation, colligation, semantic preference and semantic prosody. The results of the study indicate that the verb “demonstrate” frequently appears in academic articles, often collocates with words carrying the meaning of research, and is predominantly used in written language. Furthermore, this verb is able to form various syntactic structures through different collocations with nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions. Additionally, when collocating with adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions, the verb exhibits positive, neutral, and negative semantic preferences, respectively, resulting in a positive, neutral, and negative semantic prosody. By studying the expanded semantic units of vocabulary, second language learners can uncover the attitudinal meanings conveyed by the extended unit of meaning, thereby enhancing their own language expression abilities.
文摘认知偏差影响二语习得进程,如词汇学习存在“刻板印象”、“过度概括”现象。本研究基于美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以“divorce”为节点词研究其扩展意义单位,从名词、动词两角度分别分析该搭配词的语义倾向,词类联接特点以及语义韵特征。研究发现,该词适用范围广泛,作为名词使用更正式。该词类联接丰富;中性语义倾向占绝对优势,其次为消极语义倾向,极少数表现积极的语义倾向。“divorce”与“from”搭配相对特殊,体现双重语义倾向。此外,发现两组体现消极语义韵的固定结构。除了与积极/消极搭配词共现,该词还通过因果逻辑、并列结构共现表现其语义韵特点。此外,存在不合理增强其消极性现象,应避免。在语言学习及研究过程中,英语学习者可借助扩展意义单位分析,以便更好地理解、应用该词。Cognitive biases affect the process of second language acquisition, such as the phenomena of “stereotyping” and “overgeneralization” in vocabulary learning. This study, based on the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), explores the extended meaning unit of the node word “divorce”, analyzing its semantic tendencies, word class connections, and semantic prosody features from both noun and verb perspectives. The findings show that “divorce” has a broad range of applications, with its use as a noun being more formal. The word class connections associated with “divorce” are rich and varied;its semantic tendencies are overwhelmingly neutral, followed by negative, with positive semantic tendencies being extremely rare. The collocation of “divorce” with “from” is relatively special, reflecting a dual semantic tendency. Furthermore, two sets of fixed structures exhibiting negative semantic prosody were identified. In addition to co-occurring with words that have positive/negative connotations, “divorce” also demonstrates its semantic prosody characteristics through causal logic and parallel constructions. Moreover, there is a phenomenon of irrationally amplifying its negativity, which should be avoided. In the process of language learning and research, English learners can benefit from the analysis of extended meaning unit to better understand and use the word.
文摘美国当代英语语料库COCA(Corpus of Contemporary American English)由美国杨伯翰大学Mark Davies教授开发,是当今世界上最大的英语平衡语料库,库容量超过10亿单词的美国英语语料库。英语词汇中存在着在数量众多的词义相近的词汇,在石油科技类文本的翻译过程中,为了确保译文用词准确,借助COCA语料库其广泛的语料范围,再现目的语母语者的真实使用情况,为学者们研究近义词的辨析理解提供了极其有效的帮助。本次将以Leak、Leakage为例,借助COCA语料库对其从词频、语域、搭配和这三方面来进行对比分析,研究两者之间的区别。
文摘在全球相对和平的环境中,尽管没有爆发大规模冲突,但局部冲突频发,如俄乌冲突、巴以冲突。在关于地域冲突的新闻研究中,动词“attack”频繁出现。基于美国当代语料库(COCA),本研究聚焦于“attack”动词的扩展意义单位,探讨其搭配、类联接特征、语义倾向及语境中传达的语义韵。研究发现,“attack”动词可与多种词类构成复杂句法结构,其搭配词多具有攻击性语义倾向,体现消极的语义韵,但也有少量表现出积极的语义韵。这一分析为新闻研究和地域冲突理解提供了视角,有助于更准确解读地域冲突新闻的复杂信息。In a relatively peaceful global context, despite the absence of large-scale wars, localized conflicts occur frequently, such as the Russia-Ukraine and Israel-Palestine conflicts. In war news studies, the verb “attack” frequently appears. Based on data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), this study focuses on the extended meaning units of the verb “attack,” exploring its collocations, colligational characteristics, semantic preference, and the semantic prosody conveyed in context. The findings reveal that the verb “attack” forms complex syntactic structures with various word classes, with collocates often exhibiting an aggressive semantic inclination, reflecting a negative semantic prosody, though a few instances demonstrate a positive semantic prosody. This analysis provides a perspective for news research and understanding of regional conflicts, contributing to a more accurate interpretation of the complex information within war-related news.
