Objective:To understand the current awareness and willingness to learn about the use of out-of-hospital automated external defibrillators(AEDs)in Deyang City,providing a basis for improving the success rate of rescue ...Objective:To understand the current awareness and willingness to learn about the use of out-of-hospital automated external defibrillators(AEDs)in Deyang City,providing a basis for improving the success rate of rescue operations.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among residents in Deyang City from January 2025 to October 2025,covering residents’basic information,awareness of AED-related knowledge,and attitudes towards AED usage.Results:A total of 1,886 questionnaires were collected,with 1,823 valid questionnaires,yielding an effective rate of 96.66%.Among the 1,823 respondents,692(37.96%)had received cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)-related learning or training,619(33.96%)could accurately describe the name of an AED,417(22.87%)could clearly describe the function of an AED,and 308(16.89%)could accurately describe how to use an AED.Among them,1,549(84.97%)were willing to provide assistance to patients experiencing cardiac arrest;1,731(94.95%)were willing to provide assistance under the premise of knowing how to use an AED;and 1,750(95.99%)were willing to learn about AED-related knowledge.Among the 91 individuals unwilling to provide rescue,75 responded with reasons.Among them,36 cases(48.00%)were reluctant to rescue due to a lack of relevant first aid knowledge,32 cases(42.67%)expressed concerns about exacerbating the patient’s condition due to improper operation,and 4 cases(5.33%)were unwilling to interact with strangers due to personal reasons.Conclusion:Currently,residents in Deyang City have limited knowledge about AEDs but demonstrate a strong willingness to learn and apply them.Measures need to be taken to enhance their understanding and application of AEDs.展开更多
Transforming urban spatial structures to promote green and low-carbon development is an effective strategy.Although prior studies have examined the impact of urban polycentricity on carbon emissions and economic devel...Transforming urban spatial structures to promote green and low-carbon development is an effective strategy.Although prior studies have examined the impact of urban polycentricity on carbon emissions and economic development,research on its role in the synergistic relationship between these factors regarding carbon emission efficiency is limited.Furthermore,existing literature often overlooks nonlinear effects and interactions with other urban variables.This paper analyzed data from 295 Chinese cities in 2020,calculating urban population polycentricity,population dispersion indices,and carbon emission efficiency.Utilizing local spatial autocorrelation tools,we reveal interactions among urban population polycentricity,dispersion,carbon emissions,and carbon emission efficiency.We then employ a gradient boosting decision tree model(GBDT)to explore nonlinear and synergistic effects of polycentric urbanization.Key findings include:1)polycentric urbanization in Chinese cities exhibits significant spatial differentiation characteristics.The Polycentricity index is relatively high in economically developed eastern coastal regions with an overall low level,carbon emissions are concentrated in industrialized north-central cities and some Yangtze River Delta hubs,and carbon emission efficiency is the highest in the Yangtze River Delta while relatively low in Northeast China;there are significant spatially heterogeneous interaction characteristics among population polycentricity,population dispersion,carbon emissions,and carbon emission efficiency.2)Urban population polycentricity contributes 9.42%to total carbon emissions and 6.24%to carbon emission efficiency.3)The polycentricity index has a nonlinear impact on carbon emissions and carbon emission efficiency:no significant effect when below 0.50 or above 0.55,increased carbon emissions in 0.50-0.53,and reduced carbon emissions with improved efficiency in 0.53-0.55.4)The polycentricity index has an interaction effect with other variables;specifically,when the polycentricity index is between 0.53 and 0.55,its interaction with urban gross domestic product(GDP),urban population,urban built-up area,green coverage rate in built-up areas,urban technological expenditure,and the proportion of the output value of the secondary industry will reduce carbon emissions and improve carbon emission efficiency.These findings enhance the understanding of urban spatial structures and carbon emissions,providing valuable insights for policymakers in developing green and low-carbon strategies.展开更多
Misinformation has led to a crisis of digital wellbeing,especially in smart cities as networked connectivity has placed increasing pressures on individuals’mental and social health.Current academic and popular discou...Misinformation has led to a crisis of digital wellbeing,especially in smart cities as networked connectivity has placed increasing pressures on individuals’mental and social health.Current academic and popular discourses of digital wellbeing lack discussions on digital citizenship and are encoded in ideologies of neoliberal health,techno-solutionism and techno-determinism.This paper introduces an original digital wellbeing indicator framework to mitigate this crisis and address these gaps by identifying the mutual relationality between urban intelligence and digital citizenship as a key driver of digital wellbeing in the smart city.This paper argues that such an indicator framework is necessary to equip smart cities to move beyond efficiency metrics by embedding human-centred measures of balance,safety,and agency,ensuring that technological progress enhances,rather than erodes,the quality of urban life.展开更多
Chongqing,the only municipality directly under the central government in China’s central and western regions,is distinguished by its unique identity as both a“mountain city”and a“river city.”Recognized as the bir...Chongqing,the only municipality directly under the central government in China’s central and western regions,is distinguished by its unique identity as both a“mountain city”and a“river city.”Recognized as the birthplace of Bayu culture,an influential ancient culture native to the Chongqing area,the city boasts a recorded history of more than 3,000 years.As a crucial strategic hub in the development of China’s western regions,Chongqing occupies a pivotal position in the interconnected networks fostered by the Belt and Road Initiative and the Yangtze River Economic Belt.Leveraging the golden waterway of the Yangtze River,the China-Europe Railway Express(Chengdu-Chongqing),and the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor,Chongqing has emerged as a crucial gateway for China’s opening-up.展开更多
In the vast hinterland of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in western China,a profound green transformation is advancing quietly.On the vast Gobi Desert,arrays of solar panels resemble a shimmering silver sea.White wind tur...In the vast hinterland of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in western China,a profound green transformation is advancing quietly.On the vast Gobi Desert,arrays of solar panels resemble a shimmering silver sea.White wind turbines stand tall against the sky,with their blades swirling slowly in the wind.Golmud,a city in west China’s Qinghai Province formerly known for its abundant natural resources.展开更多
City designs and urban imaginaries often follow geocentric principles.Enault[1]describes that these principles reflect ethological and psychological theories of egocentrism and introduces how and where these are detec...City designs and urban imaginaries often follow geocentric principles.Enault[1]describes that these principles reflect ethological and psychological theories of egocentrism and introduces how and where these are detectable and made visible in the perceptions of urban citizens.A crucial element here is that distance is subjective.An equal distancemay,for example,be considered‘far’if onemust travel fromthe centre to the periphery,whereas the same distance is felt as‘nearby’if the direction is from the periphery to the centre.Based on this perception,most centric city(re-)designs use distance to the centre as a key indicator.An“x-minute city”design,with“x”being a variable such as 15,20,or 60,echoes this travel time and reflects the idea that a resident needs time-related proximity or accessibility to certain‘central’points of interest,such as stations,shops,medical services,government offices.On a larger scale,cities and countries are oftenmapped from the idea that a centre or central point of interest is also the most important location for all residents,which reflects an egocentric and centralistic territorial perspective.For this reason,many country maps and world maps also start from this central point of power and authority instead of reasoning from where the most relevant artefacts or activities take place.展开更多
Air pollution is a major challenge to the improvement of urban environmental quality.The control of air pollution still faces severe challenges,especially in developing countries,such as ozone pollution control.Ozone ...Air pollution is a major challenge to the improvement of urban environmental quality.The control of air pollution still faces severe challenges,especially in developing countries,such as ozone pollution control.Ozone is a typical secondary air pollutant,and its formation chemistry from its precursors(NOx and volatile organic compounds)is highly nonlinear,which caused the emission reduction of its precursors is not always effective and therefore new assisted approaches to control of ozone pollution are needed.Photocatalysis and ambient catalysis technology are expected to be applied in open atmosphere as a new booster to the direct purification of air pollutants in emission sources.In this perspective,we summarize the current knowledge about the photocatalysis and ambient catalysis technology for the removal of air pollutants under natural photothermal conditions.Based on these technologies,we propose the concept of“Environmental Catalytic City”,which refers to the spontaneous purification of low concentration urban air pollutants in the atmosphere by catalytic materials coating on the artificial surfaces,such as building surfaces in the city.In this way,the urban city with self-purification function can remove air pollution without additional energy consumption.The further improvement,development,and application of the“Environmental Catalytic City”is also discussed.展开更多
The integration of City Information Modeling(CIM)and Fifth-Generation(5G)communication technologies is reshaping the digital infrastructure of smart cities.While CIM provides structured spatial-semantic models for urb...The integration of City Information Modeling(CIM)and Fifth-Generation(5G)communication technologies is reshaping the digital infrastructure of smart cities.While CIM provides structured spatial-semantic models for urban representation,5G enables large-scale,low-latency,and high-bandwidth data exchange.However,their combined application poses challenges in terms of data heterogeneity,semantic interoperability,real-time synchronization,and scalability.This paper presents a systematic review of the core technologies,current gaps,and integration strategies of CIM and 5G.We categorize key architectural patterns,analyze technical limitations in IoT-enabled sensing and communication,and compare the roles of standards such as IFC and CityGML in supporting dynamic CIM updates.Furthermore,we highlight emerging directions,including federated learning,explainable AI,and ISAC(Integrated Sensing and Communication),to support secure and adaptive digital twin platforms.In addition,this research contributes a novel three-layer CIM+5G integration architecture,provides systematic categorization of implementation challenges,and establishes a comprehensive development roadmap spanning network evolution and governance models.Our analysis reveals that a unified,cross-domain CIM+5G framework requires both architectural convergence and semantic extensibility.This study provides practical insights for scalable deployment strategies across cities of varying sizes and lays the groundwork for next-generation urban sensing and communication infrastructures.展开更多
Groundwater and surface water contamination by PTE(Potentially Toxic Elements)was assessed in Ruashi and Annexe municipalities of Lubumbashi city.Analyses of seventy water samples collected from six drilled wells,eigh...Groundwater and surface water contamination by PTE(Potentially Toxic Elements)was assessed in Ruashi and Annexe municipalities of Lubumbashi city.Analyses of seventy water samples collected from six drilled wells,eight spade-sunk wells,one river and one spring in both municipalities in 2017 and 2018 were carried out by ICP-SF-MS(Inductively Coupled Plasma-Sector Field Mass Spectrometry).Twenty PTEs including aluminum,arsenic,barium,bismuth,cadmium,cesium,chromium,cobalt,copper,iron,lead,manganese,molybdenum,nickel,strontium,thallium,tungsten,uranium,vanadium and zinc were detected at various concentrations in each one of the samples.Many samples had concentrations and mean concentrations of PTEs,such as aluminum,cadmium,copper,iron,lead,manganese,nickel and zinc,higher than the respective acceptable limits set for drinking water by the EU(European Union),the USEPA(United States Environmental Protection Agency),and the WHO(World Health Organization)standards.Most PTEs being deleterious to human health even at very low concentrations,people who use the groundwater and surface water to meet their water needs in both Ruashi and Annexe municipalities are at risk.展开更多
As urbanization accelerates globally,air pollution-particularly PM_(2.5)-is becoming an increasingly significant threat,not only to public health but also the environment.In-depth research on the impact of China’s Ze...As urbanization accelerates globally,air pollution-particularly PM_(2.5)-is becoming an increasingly significant threat,not only to public health but also the environment.In-depth research on the impact of China’s Zero Waste City pilot policy on PM_(2.5)concentration offers valuable insights into the policy’s effectiveness and provides a potential model for environmental governance worldwide.This study employs panel data from 293 Chinese cities from 2014 to 2022 to systematically analyze the impact of the Zero-Waste City policy on PM_(2.5)concentration using a difference-in-differences model.The findings indicate that the policy not only directly reduces PM_(2.5)concentration but also indirectly curbs PM_(2.5)emissions by enhancing green innovation and green economic efficiency.Moreover,the policy’s effects are found to be positively moderated by urban energy dependence and digital financial inclusion,while they are negatively moderated by the government debt ratio.Based on these findings,this study suggests that cities should actively develop their digital economy,reduce government debt,promote green innovation,and improve green economic efficiency,as doing so will enhance their implementation of environmental policies and promote sustainable urban development.展开更多
The rapid urbanization and increasing challenges are faced by cities globally,including climate change,population growth,and resource constraints.Sustainable smart city(also referred to as“smart sustainable city”)ca...The rapid urbanization and increasing challenges are faced by cities globally,including climate change,population growth,and resource constraints.Sustainable smart city(also referred to as“smart sustainable city”)can offer innovative solutions by integrating advanced technologies to build smarter,greener,and more livable urban environments with significant benefits.Using the Web of Science(WoS)database,this study examined:(i)the mainstream approaches and current research trends in the literature of sustainable smart city;(ii)the extent to which the research of sustainable smart city aligns with Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs);(iii)the current topics and collaboration patterns in sustainable smart city research;and(iv)the potential opportunities for future research on the sustainable smart city field.The findings indicated that research on sustainable smart city began in 2010 and gained significant momentum in 2013,with China leading,followed by Italy and Spain.Moreover,59.00%of the selected publications on the research of sustainable smart city focus on SDG 11(Sustainable Cities and Communities).Bibliometric analysis outcome revealed that artificial intelligence(AI),big data,machine learning,and deep learning are emerging research fields.The terms smart city,smart cities,and sustainability emerged as the top three co-occurring keywords with the highest link strength,followed by frequently co-occurring keywords such as AI,innovation,big data,urban governance,resilience,machine learning,and Internet of Things(IoT).The clustering results indicated that current studies explored the theoretical foundation,challenges,and future prospects of sustainable smart city,with an emphasis on sustainability.To further support urban sustainability and the attainment of SDGs,the future research of sustainable smart city should explore the application and implications of AI and big data on urban development including cybersecurity and governance challenges.展开更多
Despite the global attention towards pollution,it remains a significant global threat and challenge for both developed and developing countries.Urbanization and economic development influence different types of pollut...Despite the global attention towards pollution,it remains a significant global threat and challenge for both developed and developing countries.Urbanization and economic development influence different types of pollution.Visual pollution is considered a new phenomenon referring to the impact of existing and growing mainstream pollution which impairs an individual’s ability to enjoy visits or views.Recently,Jordanian cities have expanded in response to urbanization and ongoing development.Irbid City has the second largest population in Jordan after the capital Amman City highest population density in Jordan.In the modern era,Irbid City dramatically increased in population and dimension.The growth of the demographic population has been significant and has led to overpopulation,rapid urbanization,and unresolved problems associated with spatial planning and infrastructures leading to different types of pollution including visual pollution.The study area focuses on the city center with the most crowded population through field visits and actual observations.The study technique is descriptive and analytical,with a focus on meticulous monitoring and a follow-up-based questionnaire which is a tool for the study,involving data collection,classification,presentation,analysis,interpretation,and exploration to identify new facts and generalizations that can help solve current issues of visual pollution.The study provides recommendations for Irbid Municipal to eliminate visual pollution,in parallel with stricter supervision from the municipality during the building process to ensure proper implementation of the new rules,adopting an integrated policy for the city with the rest of the social,political,sensory,cultural,economic,and functional aspects,so that this policy is in the short and long term.展开更多
文摘Objective:To understand the current awareness and willingness to learn about the use of out-of-hospital automated external defibrillators(AEDs)in Deyang City,providing a basis for improving the success rate of rescue operations.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among residents in Deyang City from January 2025 to October 2025,covering residents’basic information,awareness of AED-related knowledge,and attitudes towards AED usage.Results:A total of 1,886 questionnaires were collected,with 1,823 valid questionnaires,yielding an effective rate of 96.66%.Among the 1,823 respondents,692(37.96%)had received cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)-related learning or training,619(33.96%)could accurately describe the name of an AED,417(22.87%)could clearly describe the function of an AED,and 308(16.89%)could accurately describe how to use an AED.Among them,1,549(84.97%)were willing to provide assistance to patients experiencing cardiac arrest;1,731(94.95%)were willing to provide assistance under the premise of knowing how to use an AED;and 1,750(95.99%)were willing to learn about AED-related knowledge.Among the 91 individuals unwilling to provide rescue,75 responded with reasons.Among them,36 cases(48.00%)were reluctant to rescue due to a lack of relevant first aid knowledge,32 cases(42.67%)expressed concerns about exacerbating the patient’s condition due to improper operation,and 4 cases(5.33%)were unwilling to interact with strangers due to personal reasons.Conclusion:Currently,residents in Deyang City have limited knowledge about AEDs but demonstrate a strong willingness to learn and apply them.Measures need to be taken to enhance their understanding and application of AEDs.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42571300)。
文摘Transforming urban spatial structures to promote green and low-carbon development is an effective strategy.Although prior studies have examined the impact of urban polycentricity on carbon emissions and economic development,research on its role in the synergistic relationship between these factors regarding carbon emission efficiency is limited.Furthermore,existing literature often overlooks nonlinear effects and interactions with other urban variables.This paper analyzed data from 295 Chinese cities in 2020,calculating urban population polycentricity,population dispersion indices,and carbon emission efficiency.Utilizing local spatial autocorrelation tools,we reveal interactions among urban population polycentricity,dispersion,carbon emissions,and carbon emission efficiency.We then employ a gradient boosting decision tree model(GBDT)to explore nonlinear and synergistic effects of polycentric urbanization.Key findings include:1)polycentric urbanization in Chinese cities exhibits significant spatial differentiation characteristics.The Polycentricity index is relatively high in economically developed eastern coastal regions with an overall low level,carbon emissions are concentrated in industrialized north-central cities and some Yangtze River Delta hubs,and carbon emission efficiency is the highest in the Yangtze River Delta while relatively low in Northeast China;there are significant spatially heterogeneous interaction characteristics among population polycentricity,population dispersion,carbon emissions,and carbon emission efficiency.2)Urban population polycentricity contributes 9.42%to total carbon emissions and 6.24%to carbon emission efficiency.3)The polycentricity index has a nonlinear impact on carbon emissions and carbon emission efficiency:no significant effect when below 0.50 or above 0.55,increased carbon emissions in 0.50-0.53,and reduced carbon emissions with improved efficiency in 0.53-0.55.4)The polycentricity index has an interaction effect with other variables;specifically,when the polycentricity index is between 0.53 and 0.55,its interaction with urban gross domestic product(GDP),urban population,urban built-up area,green coverage rate in built-up areas,urban technological expenditure,and the proportion of the output value of the secondary industry will reduce carbon emissions and improve carbon emission efficiency.These findings enhance the understanding of urban spatial structures and carbon emissions,providing valuable insights for policymakers in developing green and low-carbon strategies.
基金Grant from Centre for Trusted Internet and Community at the National University of Singapore(Project Number:CTIC-IP-21-01).
文摘Misinformation has led to a crisis of digital wellbeing,especially in smart cities as networked connectivity has placed increasing pressures on individuals’mental and social health.Current academic and popular discourses of digital wellbeing lack discussions on digital citizenship and are encoded in ideologies of neoliberal health,techno-solutionism and techno-determinism.This paper introduces an original digital wellbeing indicator framework to mitigate this crisis and address these gaps by identifying the mutual relationality between urban intelligence and digital citizenship as a key driver of digital wellbeing in the smart city.This paper argues that such an indicator framework is necessary to equip smart cities to move beyond efficiency metrics by embedding human-centred measures of balance,safety,and agency,ensuring that technological progress enhances,rather than erodes,the quality of urban life.
文摘Chongqing,the only municipality directly under the central government in China’s central and western regions,is distinguished by its unique identity as both a“mountain city”and a“river city.”Recognized as the birthplace of Bayu culture,an influential ancient culture native to the Chongqing area,the city boasts a recorded history of more than 3,000 years.As a crucial strategic hub in the development of China’s western regions,Chongqing occupies a pivotal position in the interconnected networks fostered by the Belt and Road Initiative and the Yangtze River Economic Belt.Leveraging the golden waterway of the Yangtze River,the China-Europe Railway Express(Chengdu-Chongqing),and the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor,Chongqing has emerged as a crucial gateway for China’s opening-up.
文摘In the vast hinterland of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in western China,a profound green transformation is advancing quietly.On the vast Gobi Desert,arrays of solar panels resemble a shimmering silver sea.White wind turbines stand tall against the sky,with their blades swirling slowly in the wind.Golmud,a city in west China’s Qinghai Province formerly known for its abundant natural resources.
文摘City designs and urban imaginaries often follow geocentric principles.Enault[1]describes that these principles reflect ethological and psychological theories of egocentrism and introduces how and where these are detectable and made visible in the perceptions of urban citizens.A crucial element here is that distance is subjective.An equal distancemay,for example,be considered‘far’if onemust travel fromthe centre to the periphery,whereas the same distance is felt as‘nearby’if the direction is from the periphery to the centre.Based on this perception,most centric city(re-)designs use distance to the centre as a key indicator.An“x-minute city”design,with“x”being a variable such as 15,20,or 60,echoes this travel time and reflects the idea that a resident needs time-related proximity or accessibility to certain‘central’points of interest,such as stations,shops,medical services,government offices.On a larger scale,cities and countries are oftenmapped from the idea that a centre or central point of interest is also the most important location for all residents,which reflects an egocentric and centralistic territorial perspective.For this reason,many country maps and world maps also start from this central point of power and authority instead of reasoning from where the most relevant artefacts or activities take place.
基金the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.52425003,22188102,and 52400144)the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.BX20220325 and 2023M743707)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS(Nos.Y2021020 and Y2022023).
文摘Air pollution is a major challenge to the improvement of urban environmental quality.The control of air pollution still faces severe challenges,especially in developing countries,such as ozone pollution control.Ozone is a typical secondary air pollutant,and its formation chemistry from its precursors(NOx and volatile organic compounds)is highly nonlinear,which caused the emission reduction of its precursors is not always effective and therefore new assisted approaches to control of ozone pollution are needed.Photocatalysis and ambient catalysis technology are expected to be applied in open atmosphere as a new booster to the direct purification of air pollutants in emission sources.In this perspective,we summarize the current knowledge about the photocatalysis and ambient catalysis technology for the removal of air pollutants under natural photothermal conditions.Based on these technologies,we propose the concept of“Environmental Catalytic City”,which refers to the spontaneous purification of low concentration urban air pollutants in the atmosphere by catalytic materials coating on the artificial surfaces,such as building surfaces in the city.In this way,the urban city with self-purification function can remove air pollution without additional energy consumption.The further improvement,development,and application of the“Environmental Catalytic City”is also discussed.
基金Chongqing Natural Science Foundation General Program“Simulation of Spatial Evolution of Urban Agglomeration in Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle Based on Reinforcement Learning Agent Model”(No.CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0805)Chongqing Doctoral Direct-Track Program“Research on 5G Base Station Planning and Deployment System Based on City Information Modeling(CIM)”(No.CSTB2022BSXM-JCX0147).
文摘The integration of City Information Modeling(CIM)and Fifth-Generation(5G)communication technologies is reshaping the digital infrastructure of smart cities.While CIM provides structured spatial-semantic models for urban representation,5G enables large-scale,low-latency,and high-bandwidth data exchange.However,their combined application poses challenges in terms of data heterogeneity,semantic interoperability,real-time synchronization,and scalability.This paper presents a systematic review of the core technologies,current gaps,and integration strategies of CIM and 5G.We categorize key architectural patterns,analyze technical limitations in IoT-enabled sensing and communication,and compare the roles of standards such as IFC and CityGML in supporting dynamic CIM updates.Furthermore,we highlight emerging directions,including federated learning,explainable AI,and ISAC(Integrated Sensing and Communication),to support secure and adaptive digital twin platforms.In addition,this research contributes a novel three-layer CIM+5G integration architecture,provides systematic categorization of implementation challenges,and establishes a comprehensive development roadmap spanning network evolution and governance models.Our analysis reveals that a unified,cross-domain CIM+5G framework requires both architectural convergence and semantic extensibility.This study provides practical insights for scalable deployment strategies across cities of varying sizes and lays the groundwork for next-generation urban sensing and communication infrastructures.
基金funding received from UNESCO-SIDA Project as well as Professor Martine Leermakers and Professor Willy Baeyens for their financial help to analyze the water samples in their laboratory at VUB.Acknowledgements
文摘Groundwater and surface water contamination by PTE(Potentially Toxic Elements)was assessed in Ruashi and Annexe municipalities of Lubumbashi city.Analyses of seventy water samples collected from six drilled wells,eight spade-sunk wells,one river and one spring in both municipalities in 2017 and 2018 were carried out by ICP-SF-MS(Inductively Coupled Plasma-Sector Field Mass Spectrometry).Twenty PTEs including aluminum,arsenic,barium,bismuth,cadmium,cesium,chromium,cobalt,copper,iron,lead,manganese,molybdenum,nickel,strontium,thallium,tungsten,uranium,vanadium and zinc were detected at various concentrations in each one of the samples.Many samples had concentrations and mean concentrations of PTEs,such as aluminum,cadmium,copper,iron,lead,manganese,nickel and zinc,higher than the respective acceptable limits set for drinking water by the EU(European Union),the USEPA(United States Environmental Protection Agency),and the WHO(World Health Organization)standards.Most PTEs being deleterious to human health even at very low concentrations,people who use the groundwater and surface water to meet their water needs in both Ruashi and Annexe municipalities are at risk.
基金The authors declare that fund support was received from National Social Science Fund of China[Grant No.23BJL010].
文摘As urbanization accelerates globally,air pollution-particularly PM_(2.5)-is becoming an increasingly significant threat,not only to public health but also the environment.In-depth research on the impact of China’s Zero Waste City pilot policy on PM_(2.5)concentration offers valuable insights into the policy’s effectiveness and provides a potential model for environmental governance worldwide.This study employs panel data from 293 Chinese cities from 2014 to 2022 to systematically analyze the impact of the Zero-Waste City policy on PM_(2.5)concentration using a difference-in-differences model.The findings indicate that the policy not only directly reduces PM_(2.5)concentration but also indirectly curbs PM_(2.5)emissions by enhancing green innovation and green economic efficiency.Moreover,the policy’s effects are found to be positively moderated by urban energy dependence and digital financial inclusion,while they are negatively moderated by the government debt ratio.Based on these findings,this study suggests that cities should actively develop their digital economy,reduce government debt,promote green innovation,and improve green economic efficiency,as doing so will enhance their implementation of environmental policies and promote sustainable urban development.
文摘The rapid urbanization and increasing challenges are faced by cities globally,including climate change,population growth,and resource constraints.Sustainable smart city(also referred to as“smart sustainable city”)can offer innovative solutions by integrating advanced technologies to build smarter,greener,and more livable urban environments with significant benefits.Using the Web of Science(WoS)database,this study examined:(i)the mainstream approaches and current research trends in the literature of sustainable smart city;(ii)the extent to which the research of sustainable smart city aligns with Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs);(iii)the current topics and collaboration patterns in sustainable smart city research;and(iv)the potential opportunities for future research on the sustainable smart city field.The findings indicated that research on sustainable smart city began in 2010 and gained significant momentum in 2013,with China leading,followed by Italy and Spain.Moreover,59.00%of the selected publications on the research of sustainable smart city focus on SDG 11(Sustainable Cities and Communities).Bibliometric analysis outcome revealed that artificial intelligence(AI),big data,machine learning,and deep learning are emerging research fields.The terms smart city,smart cities,and sustainability emerged as the top three co-occurring keywords with the highest link strength,followed by frequently co-occurring keywords such as AI,innovation,big data,urban governance,resilience,machine learning,and Internet of Things(IoT).The clustering results indicated that current studies explored the theoretical foundation,challenges,and future prospects of sustainable smart city,with an emphasis on sustainability.To further support urban sustainability and the attainment of SDGs,the future research of sustainable smart city should explore the application and implications of AI and big data on urban development including cybersecurity and governance challenges.
文摘Despite the global attention towards pollution,it remains a significant global threat and challenge for both developed and developing countries.Urbanization and economic development influence different types of pollution.Visual pollution is considered a new phenomenon referring to the impact of existing and growing mainstream pollution which impairs an individual’s ability to enjoy visits or views.Recently,Jordanian cities have expanded in response to urbanization and ongoing development.Irbid City has the second largest population in Jordan after the capital Amman City highest population density in Jordan.In the modern era,Irbid City dramatically increased in population and dimension.The growth of the demographic population has been significant and has led to overpopulation,rapid urbanization,and unresolved problems associated with spatial planning and infrastructures leading to different types of pollution including visual pollution.The study area focuses on the city center with the most crowded population through field visits and actual observations.The study technique is descriptive and analytical,with a focus on meticulous monitoring and a follow-up-based questionnaire which is a tool for the study,involving data collection,classification,presentation,analysis,interpretation,and exploration to identify new facts and generalizations that can help solve current issues of visual pollution.The study provides recommendations for Irbid Municipal to eliminate visual pollution,in parallel with stricter supervision from the municipality during the building process to ensure proper implementation of the new rules,adopting an integrated policy for the city with the rest of the social,political,sensory,cultural,economic,and functional aspects,so that this policy is in the short and long term.
