This paper made a comparison of Cicero’s Rhetoric with Baumgarten’s Aesthetics,for answering the question of how Baumgarten built the system of ars aesthetica on the basis of Cicero’s rhetoric.The paper demonstrate...This paper made a comparison of Cicero’s Rhetoric with Baumgarten’s Aesthetics,for answering the question of how Baumgarten built the system of ars aesthetica on the basis of Cicero’s rhetoric.The paper demonstrated how Baumgarten’s key ideas of pulchritudo and magnitudo were related with Cicero’s decorum and modus concepts.Baumgarten’s magnitudo originated in Cicero’s modus.Baumgarten,however,differentiated the idea pulchritudo from the Cicero’s decorum for approaching the issue of pulchritudo ipsa.展开更多
Farington’s interpretation of the philosophies of Plato and Cicero as reactionary philosophies is discussed.In the light of our interpretative category,such as that of Traditions of Thought,understood as complex rati...Farington’s interpretation of the philosophies of Plato and Cicero as reactionary philosophies is discussed.In the light of our interpretative category,such as that of Traditions of Thought,understood as complex rational,historical constructions,within which metaphysical and epistemological principles are mediated with socio-economic-political-cultural conflicts,all denominated as ideologies,instead it is believed that scientific theories are not actually progressive or regressive,but rather the ideologies,when they interpret the concepts of scientific fact,scientific theory and,more strongly,that of philosophy,within general conceptions of the world.In the light of our interpretative category,they thus appear more than regressive philosophers instead of regressive ideologues,if we consider that the philosopher moves within the narrower fields of the so-called metaphysics and epistemology.Cicero also appears to be the great Latin creator of a way of understanding philosophy and its history with the dominant triad Socrates-Plato-Aristotele in it.All this must be considered within my broader historical-philosophical-epistemological elaboration,enclosed in my published books and papers,cited in references.展开更多
In this case study we explore Cicero’s processes of framing and image-building regarding the concept of an anti-mother/-woman.For this we examine Cicero’s portrayal of Sassia,a woman who features as one of the main ...In this case study we explore Cicero’s processes of framing and image-building regarding the concept of an anti-mother/-woman.For this we examine Cicero’s portrayal of Sassia,a woman who features as one of the main antagonists of his speech Pro Cluentio.We analyse Cicero’s depiction of Sassia’s evilness towards her son,Cluentius,through the lens of frame and framing theories.By doing so,this case study aims to present a deeper understanding of Cicero’s stratagems(e.g.,priming,calling for action;nudging,pushing someone towards action;and affordance,offering a frame to act outside of or within)which were employed in order to devise a negative characterisation of Sassia.The application of this methodological approach to Cicero’s framing of Sassia provides a new scope for analysing not only the classical text itself but also for the analysis of ancient human society to which it belonged.展开更多
In contemporary thinking, "reason" has become synonymous with "correctness" to the extent that it is even capable of prescribing laws to nature. Ancient philosophers, including Plato and Cicero, of...In contemporary thinking, "reason" has become synonymous with "correctness" to the extent that it is even capable of prescribing laws to nature. Ancient philosophers, including Plato and Cicero, offered a holistic, profound, and clear understanding of its connotations. As a symbol that distinguishes humans from animals and the requisite means or tools for seeking the truth, reason is characterized by both divinity and nobility. It also maintains a degree of neutrality, with the right use of reason as the key to determining its nature. In essence, reason is a type of calculation that can be used to do either good or evil. Hence, it must be supplemented by divinity and virtue. As a cognitive faculty, to reason is to perceive one’s own limits and practice moderation, temperance, and prudence, thus maintaining a full grasp of the world and becoming a useful being.展开更多
Cicero tried to take advantage of the War of Mutina in spring 44 BC,to vilify Mark Antony who,in his view,was the mortal foe to the res publica libera.In order to achieve his aim,Cicero used his letter-exchange with t...Cicero tried to take advantage of the War of Mutina in spring 44 BC,to vilify Mark Antony who,in his view,was the mortal foe to the res publica libera.In order to achieve his aim,Cicero used his letter-exchange with the military commanders in North and West Italy as well as in Africa to exert his infl uence and assure their alliance against Antony.Cicero employed various tactics in his letters to persuade and integrate those commanders into his framework.Those tactics functioned for some time during the war but failed eventually.Due to the formidable alliance of the Caesarian party and the still scattered powers of the Republicans,Cicero’s maneuver to remove Antony only by means of political advocacy failed.展开更多
文摘This paper made a comparison of Cicero’s Rhetoric with Baumgarten’s Aesthetics,for answering the question of how Baumgarten built the system of ars aesthetica on the basis of Cicero’s rhetoric.The paper demonstrated how Baumgarten’s key ideas of pulchritudo and magnitudo were related with Cicero’s decorum and modus concepts.Baumgarten’s magnitudo originated in Cicero’s modus.Baumgarten,however,differentiated the idea pulchritudo from the Cicero’s decorum for approaching the issue of pulchritudo ipsa.
文摘Farington’s interpretation of the philosophies of Plato and Cicero as reactionary philosophies is discussed.In the light of our interpretative category,such as that of Traditions of Thought,understood as complex rational,historical constructions,within which metaphysical and epistemological principles are mediated with socio-economic-political-cultural conflicts,all denominated as ideologies,instead it is believed that scientific theories are not actually progressive or regressive,but rather the ideologies,when they interpret the concepts of scientific fact,scientific theory and,more strongly,that of philosophy,within general conceptions of the world.In the light of our interpretative category,they thus appear more than regressive philosophers instead of regressive ideologues,if we consider that the philosopher moves within the narrower fields of the so-called metaphysics and epistemology.Cicero also appears to be the great Latin creator of a way of understanding philosophy and its history with the dominant triad Socrates-Plato-Aristotele in it.All this must be considered within my broader historical-philosophical-epistemological elaboration,enclosed in my published books and papers,cited in references.
文摘In this case study we explore Cicero’s processes of framing and image-building regarding the concept of an anti-mother/-woman.For this we examine Cicero’s portrayal of Sassia,a woman who features as one of the main antagonists of his speech Pro Cluentio.We analyse Cicero’s depiction of Sassia’s evilness towards her son,Cluentius,through the lens of frame and framing theories.By doing so,this case study aims to present a deeper understanding of Cicero’s stratagems(e.g.,priming,calling for action;nudging,pushing someone towards action;and affordance,offering a frame to act outside of or within)which were employed in order to devise a negative characterisation of Sassia.The application of this methodological approach to Cicero’s framing of Sassia provides a new scope for analysing not only the classical text itself but also for the analysis of ancient human society to which it belonged.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China called “Translation and Research of Bacon’s Collected Works”(18BZX093)the Post-Funded Major Project by the Ministry of Education “Exegesis of the Apology of Socrates”(17JHQ0012)funded by the Scientific Research Foundation of Hainan University(kyqd[sk]18001)
文摘In contemporary thinking, "reason" has become synonymous with "correctness" to the extent that it is even capable of prescribing laws to nature. Ancient philosophers, including Plato and Cicero, offered a holistic, profound, and clear understanding of its connotations. As a symbol that distinguishes humans from animals and the requisite means or tools for seeking the truth, reason is characterized by both divinity and nobility. It also maintains a degree of neutrality, with the right use of reason as the key to determining its nature. In essence, reason is a type of calculation that can be used to do either good or evil. Hence, it must be supplemented by divinity and virtue. As a cognitive faculty, to reason is to perceive one’s own limits and practice moderation, temperance, and prudence, thus maintaining a full grasp of the world and becoming a useful being.
文摘Cicero tried to take advantage of the War of Mutina in spring 44 BC,to vilify Mark Antony who,in his view,was the mortal foe to the res publica libera.In order to achieve his aim,Cicero used his letter-exchange with the military commanders in North and West Italy as well as in Africa to exert his infl uence and assure their alliance against Antony.Cicero employed various tactics in his letters to persuade and integrate those commanders into his framework.Those tactics functioned for some time during the war but failed eventually.Due to the formidable alliance of the Caesarian party and the still scattered powers of the Republicans,Cicero’s maneuver to remove Antony only by means of political advocacy failed.
