Formic and acetic acids are the most abundant gaseous organic acids and play the key role in the atmospheric chemistry.In iodine-adduct chemical ionizationmass spectrometry(CIMS),the low utilization efficiency of meth...Formic and acetic acids are the most abundant gaseous organic acids and play the key role in the atmospheric chemistry.In iodine-adduct chemical ionizationmass spectrometry(CIMS),the low utilization efficiency of methyl iodide and humidity interference are two major issues of the vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)lamp initiated CIMS for on-line gaseous formic and acetic acids analysis.In this work,we present a new CIMS based on VUV lamp,and the ion-molecular reactor is separated into photoionization and chemical ionization zones by a reducer electrode.Acetone was added to the photoionization zone,and the VUV photoionization acetone provided low-energy electrons for methyl iodide to generate I−,and the addition of acetone reduced the amount of methyl iodide by 2/3.In the chemical ionization zone,a headspace vial containing ultrapure water was added for humidity calibration,and the vial changes the sensitivity as a function of humidity from ambiguity to well linear correlation(R2>0.95).With humidity calibration,the CIMS can quantitatively measure formic and acetic acids in the humidity range of 0%-88%RH.In this mode,limits of detection of 10 and 50 pptv are obtained for formic and acetic acids,respectively.And the relative standard deviation(RSD)of quantitation stability for 6 days were less than 10.5%.This CIMS was successfully used to determine the formic and acetic acids in the underground parking and ambient environment of the Shandong University campus(Qingdao,China).In addition,we developed a simple model based formic acid concentration to assess vehicular emissions.展开更多
According to the Japanese Ministry of Health,Labour,and Welfare,14.2%of people were aged>75 years in Japan in 2018,and this number continues to rise.With population aging,the incidence of congestive heart failure(C...According to the Japanese Ministry of Health,Labour,and Welfare,14.2%of people were aged>75 years in Japan in 2018,and this number continues to rise.With population aging,the incidence of congestive heart failure(CHF)is also increasing.[1–3]Reports have shown that the presence of cognitive impairment(CI)in patients with CHF is associated with poor prognosis,[4–6]and the degree of CI is related to CHF severity.展开更多
Two metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),trans-[Co(L)(μ_(2)-H_(2)O)(H_(2)O)2]·2H_(2)O(1)and cis-[Mn(L)(Bipy)](2)(H_(2)L=2,2'-dimethyl-4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid,Bipy=4,4'-bipyridine),have been synthesi...Two metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),trans-[Co(L)(μ_(2)-H_(2)O)(H_(2)O)2]·2H_(2)O(1)and cis-[Mn(L)(Bipy)](2)(H_(2)L=2,2'-dimethyl-4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid,Bipy=4,4'-bipyridine),have been synthesized and character-ized by FTIR,thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction.MOF 1 crystallizes in the triclinic system with a P1 space group and contains two crystallographically different Coions.Each trans-[CoO_(6)]octahedron is connected byμ_(2)-H_(2)O and L^(2-)ligand with a bis(unidentate)coordination mode to produce a 2D sql topological network.MOF 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic system with a C2/c space group.The Mncation adopts a cis-[MnO_(4)N_(2)]octahedron as a 6-connected node and is linked by L^(2-)ligand as a 4-connected node to gener-ate a binodal(4,6)-connected 3D fsc framework.The intermolecular interactions in 1 and 2 have been investigated by 3D Hirshfeld surface analyses and 2D fingerprint plots to reveal that the main interactions are H…H and O…H/H…O contacts in 1,and H…H and C…H/H…C contacts in 2.The TGA indicated that 1 and 2 were stable below 390 and 370℃,respectively.展开更多
Rice(Oryza sativa)is a staple food for more than half of the world's population and a critical crop for global agriculture.Understanding the regulatory mechanisms that control gene expression in the rice genome is...Rice(Oryza sativa)is a staple food for more than half of the world's population and a critical crop for global agriculture.Understanding the regulatory mechanisms that control gene expression in the rice genome is fundamental for advancing agricultural productivity and food security.In mechanism,cis-regulatory elements(including promoters,enhancers,silencers,and insulators)are key DNA sequences whose activities determine the spatial and temporal expression patterns of nearby genes(Yocca and Edger,2022;Schmitz et al.,2022).展开更多
This study examines the translation methods employed by Xu Yuanchong in his English translation of the Chu ci with a specific focus on the treatment of reduplicatives.Reduplicatives in the Chinese language,known for t...This study examines the translation methods employed by Xu Yuanchong in his English translation of the Chu ci with a specific focus on the treatment of reduplicatives.Reduplicatives in the Chinese language,known for their intricate nature of meaning and rhythmic qualities,pose a great challenge in translation due to the lack of equivalent structures in English.The paper investigates how Xu Yuanchong navigates these challenges by employing various strategies,including repetition,onomatopoeia,paraphrase,and literal translation without formal equivalence.Through an analysis of selected examples,the research highlights the difficulties of balancing Xu’s Three Beauties Principle,namely the beauty in sense,sound,and form in translating reduplicatives.The research findings are that,while Xu’s translations sometimes require compromises in sound and form,his nuanced approach ensures that the essence and emotional depth of the original text are effectively conveyed to target readers.This study may contribute to a deeper understanding of the complexities involved in translating classical Chinese poetry and offer insights into the interplay between linguistic and cultural elements in literary translation.展开更多
Extraterrestrial dust exhibits a wide range of textural,chemical and oxygen isotopic compositions due to the heterogeneity of their precursors and modification during atmospheric entry.Experimental heating provides an...Extraterrestrial dust exhibits a wide range of textural,chemical and oxygen isotopic compositions due to the heterogeneity of their precursors and modification during atmospheric entry.Experimental heating provides an opportunity to investigate the relationship between thermal processing and micrometeorite composition for a known precursor material.We conducted experiments to simulate the atmospheric entry of micrometeorites(MMs)using controlled,short-duration(10-50 s)flash heating(400-1600℃)of CI chondrite chips(<1500µm)in atmospheric air(1 bar,21%O2)combined with microanalysis(textures,chemical and isotopic compositions)of the experimental products.The heated chips closely resemble natural samples,with materials similar to unmelted MMs,partially melted(scoriaceous)MMs and fully melted cosmic spherules produced.We reproduced several key features such as dehydration cracks,magnetite rims,volatile gas release,vesicle formation and coalescence,melting and quench cooling.Our parameter space allows for discriminating peak temperature and heating duration effects.Peak temperature is the first-order control on MM mineralogy,while heating duration controls vesicle coalescence and homogenization.When compared against previous heating experiments,our data demonstrates that CI chondrite dust is more thermally resistant,relative to CM chondrite dust,by approximately+200℃.The 207 measurement of O-isotopes allows,for the first time,petrographic effects(such as volatile degassing and melting)to be correlated against bulk O-isotope evolution.Our results demonstrate findings applicable to CI chondrites and potentially to all fine-grained hydrated carbonaceous chondrite dust grains:(1)O-isotope variations arising during sub-solidus heating are dominated by the release of water from phyllosilicates,forcing the residual MM composition towards its anhydrous precursor composition.(2)Oxygen isotope compositions undergo the most significant changes at supra-solidus temperatures.As previously demonstrated and now empirically confirmed,most of these changes are driven by a mass-dependent fractionation effect caused by evaporation,which shifts residual rock compositions toward heavier values.Mixing with atmospheric air alters compositions toward the terrestrial fractionation line.Notably,these two processes do not begin simultaneously.Our data indicate that at 1200℃,isotopic evolution is dominated by evaporative mass loss.However,at higher temperatures(1400-1600℃),both pronounced evaporation and mixing with atmospheric oxygen become active,resulting in a more complex isotopic signature.(3)The total change in Δ17O during heating up to 1600℃is<3‰and in most scenarios<2‰.展开更多
This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of the costume culture in the translation of Chu Ci,an influential work of Chinese literature.It examines the unique features of Chu Ci’s costume culture,including its histo...This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of the costume culture in the translation of Chu Ci,an influential work of Chinese literature.It examines the unique features of Chu Ci’s costume culture,including its historical and cultural significance,as well as the role of literary imagery in expressing cultural symbolism.The paper also delves into the challenges faced by translators in translating Chu Ci’s highly symbolic costumes and delivering their cultural connotations.The analysis provides insights into the issues of polysemy and translation choices,which are significant obstacles that require careful consideration of contextual usage to achieve meaningful translations.Furthermore,the paper highlights the importance of humanistic implications in interpreting Chu Ci’s costume culture,with the aim of promoting the appreciation and understanding of traditional Chinese culture worldwide.展开更多
基金supported by the National Special Fund for the Development of Major Research Equipment and Instrument(No.2020YFF01014503)the Young Taishan Scholars(No.tsqn201909039)the College 20 Project fromJi Nan Science&Technology Bureau(No.2021GXRC058).
文摘Formic and acetic acids are the most abundant gaseous organic acids and play the key role in the atmospheric chemistry.In iodine-adduct chemical ionizationmass spectrometry(CIMS),the low utilization efficiency of methyl iodide and humidity interference are two major issues of the vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)lamp initiated CIMS for on-line gaseous formic and acetic acids analysis.In this work,we present a new CIMS based on VUV lamp,and the ion-molecular reactor is separated into photoionization and chemical ionization zones by a reducer electrode.Acetone was added to the photoionization zone,and the VUV photoionization acetone provided low-energy electrons for methyl iodide to generate I−,and the addition of acetone reduced the amount of methyl iodide by 2/3.In the chemical ionization zone,a headspace vial containing ultrapure water was added for humidity calibration,and the vial changes the sensitivity as a function of humidity from ambiguity to well linear correlation(R2>0.95).With humidity calibration,the CIMS can quantitatively measure formic and acetic acids in the humidity range of 0%-88%RH.In this mode,limits of detection of 10 and 50 pptv are obtained for formic and acetic acids,respectively.And the relative standard deviation(RSD)of quantitation stability for 6 days were less than 10.5%.This CIMS was successfully used to determine the formic and acetic acids in the underground parking and ambient environment of the Shandong University campus(Qingdao,China).In addition,we developed a simple model based formic acid concentration to assess vehicular emissions.
文摘According to the Japanese Ministry of Health,Labour,and Welfare,14.2%of people were aged>75 years in Japan in 2018,and this number continues to rise.With population aging,the incidence of congestive heart failure(CHF)is also increasing.[1–3]Reports have shown that the presence of cognitive impairment(CI)in patients with CHF is associated with poor prognosis,[4–6]and the degree of CI is related to CHF severity.
文摘Two metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),trans-[Co(L)(μ_(2)-H_(2)O)(H_(2)O)2]·2H_(2)O(1)and cis-[Mn(L)(Bipy)](2)(H_(2)L=2,2'-dimethyl-4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid,Bipy=4,4'-bipyridine),have been synthesized and character-ized by FTIR,thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction.MOF 1 crystallizes in the triclinic system with a P1 space group and contains two crystallographically different Coions.Each trans-[CoO_(6)]octahedron is connected byμ_(2)-H_(2)O and L^(2-)ligand with a bis(unidentate)coordination mode to produce a 2D sql topological network.MOF 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic system with a C2/c space group.The Mncation adopts a cis-[MnO_(4)N_(2)]octahedron as a 6-connected node and is linked by L^(2-)ligand as a 4-connected node to gener-ate a binodal(4,6)-connected 3D fsc framework.The intermolecular interactions in 1 and 2 have been investigated by 3D Hirshfeld surface analyses and 2D fingerprint plots to reveal that the main interactions are H…H and O…H/H…O contacts in 1,and H…H and C…H/H…C contacts in 2.The TGA indicated that 1 and 2 were stable below 390 and 370℃,respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070656)。
文摘Rice(Oryza sativa)is a staple food for more than half of the world's population and a critical crop for global agriculture.Understanding the regulatory mechanisms that control gene expression in the rice genome is fundamental for advancing agricultural productivity and food security.In mechanism,cis-regulatory elements(including promoters,enhancers,silencers,and insulators)are key DNA sequences whose activities determine the spatial and temporal expression patterns of nearby genes(Yocca and Edger,2022;Schmitz et al.,2022).
文摘This study examines the translation methods employed by Xu Yuanchong in his English translation of the Chu ci with a specific focus on the treatment of reduplicatives.Reduplicatives in the Chinese language,known for their intricate nature of meaning and rhythmic qualities,pose a great challenge in translation due to the lack of equivalent structures in English.The paper investigates how Xu Yuanchong navigates these challenges by employing various strategies,including repetition,onomatopoeia,paraphrase,and literal translation without formal equivalence.Through an analysis of selected examples,the research highlights the difficulties of balancing Xu’s Three Beauties Principle,namely the beauty in sense,sound,and form in translating reduplicatives.The research findings are that,while Xu’s translations sometimes require compromises in sound and form,his nuanced approach ensures that the essence and emotional depth of the original text are effectively conveyed to target readers.This study may contribute to a deeper understanding of the complexities involved in translating classical Chinese poetry and offer insights into the interplay between linguistic and cultural elements in literary translation.
基金ISRO-RESPOND GAP3332 and PMN-MOES GAP2175 Project support this work.
文摘Extraterrestrial dust exhibits a wide range of textural,chemical and oxygen isotopic compositions due to the heterogeneity of their precursors and modification during atmospheric entry.Experimental heating provides an opportunity to investigate the relationship between thermal processing and micrometeorite composition for a known precursor material.We conducted experiments to simulate the atmospheric entry of micrometeorites(MMs)using controlled,short-duration(10-50 s)flash heating(400-1600℃)of CI chondrite chips(<1500µm)in atmospheric air(1 bar,21%O2)combined with microanalysis(textures,chemical and isotopic compositions)of the experimental products.The heated chips closely resemble natural samples,with materials similar to unmelted MMs,partially melted(scoriaceous)MMs and fully melted cosmic spherules produced.We reproduced several key features such as dehydration cracks,magnetite rims,volatile gas release,vesicle formation and coalescence,melting and quench cooling.Our parameter space allows for discriminating peak temperature and heating duration effects.Peak temperature is the first-order control on MM mineralogy,while heating duration controls vesicle coalescence and homogenization.When compared against previous heating experiments,our data demonstrates that CI chondrite dust is more thermally resistant,relative to CM chondrite dust,by approximately+200℃.The 207 measurement of O-isotopes allows,for the first time,petrographic effects(such as volatile degassing and melting)to be correlated against bulk O-isotope evolution.Our results demonstrate findings applicable to CI chondrites and potentially to all fine-grained hydrated carbonaceous chondrite dust grains:(1)O-isotope variations arising during sub-solidus heating are dominated by the release of water from phyllosilicates,forcing the residual MM composition towards its anhydrous precursor composition.(2)Oxygen isotope compositions undergo the most significant changes at supra-solidus temperatures.As previously demonstrated and now empirically confirmed,most of these changes are driven by a mass-dependent fractionation effect caused by evaporation,which shifts residual rock compositions toward heavier values.Mixing with atmospheric air alters compositions toward the terrestrial fractionation line.Notably,these two processes do not begin simultaneously.Our data indicate that at 1200℃,isotopic evolution is dominated by evaporative mass loss.However,at higher temperatures(1400-1600℃),both pronounced evaporation and mixing with atmospheric oxygen become active,resulting in a more complex isotopic signature.(3)The total change in Δ17O during heating up to 1600℃is<3‰and in most scenarios<2‰.
基金sponsored by the research project fund of Hubei Provincial Department of Education as Young Scholars Program in Humanities and Social Sciences(Project No.18Q084)the Ministry of Education humanities social sciences research project(Project No.21YJC740083)the State Scholarship Fund from China Scholarship Council(CSC No.202108420189).
文摘This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of the costume culture in the translation of Chu Ci,an influential work of Chinese literature.It examines the unique features of Chu Ci’s costume culture,including its historical and cultural significance,as well as the role of literary imagery in expressing cultural symbolism.The paper also delves into the challenges faced by translators in translating Chu Ci’s highly symbolic costumes and delivering their cultural connotations.The analysis provides insights into the issues of polysemy and translation choices,which are significant obstacles that require careful consideration of contextual usage to achieve meaningful translations.Furthermore,the paper highlights the importance of humanistic implications in interpreting Chu Ci’s costume culture,with the aim of promoting the appreciation and understanding of traditional Chinese culture worldwide.
