Diabetes mellitus,particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),poses a significant global health challenge.Traditional management strategies primarily focus on glycemic control;however,there is a growing need for compr...Diabetes mellitus,particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),poses a significant global health challenge.Traditional management strategies primarily focus on glycemic control;however,there is a growing need for comprehensive approaches addressing the complex pathophysiology of diabetes complications.The recent study by Attia et al explores the potential of a novel therapy combining metformin with cholecalciferol(vitamin D3)and taurine to mitigate T2DM-related complications in a rat model.The findings indicate that this treatment combination improves glycemic control and reduces oxidative stress,inflammation,and lipid abnormalities.However,the study is limited by a lack of safety profile data and in-depth molecular mechanism insights.This editorial critically highlights the study's strengths and weaknesses,compares it against other combination therapy research in T2DM,and underscores the need to explore further the mechanisms underpinning the observed therapeutic effects and investigate the safety profile of this novel approach.展开更多
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide,significantly impacting patients'quality of life.Current treatment options like metformin(MET)effectively counteract hyperglycemia...BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide,significantly impacting patients'quality of life.Current treatment options like metformin(MET)effectively counteract hyperglycemia but fail to alleviate diabetes-associated complications such as retinopathy,neuropathy,nephropathy,hepatopathy,and cardiovascular diseases.AIM To propose the supplementation of cholecalciferol(CHO)and taurine(TAU)to enhance MET efficacy in controlling diabetes while minimizing the risk of associated complications.METHODS The study involved sixty rats,including ten non-diabetic control rats and fifty experimental rats with type 2 diabetes induced by streptozotocin.The experimental rats were further subdivided into positive control and treatment subgroups.The four treatment groups were randomly allocated to a single MET treatment or MET combined with supplements either CHO,TAU,or both.RESULTS Diabetic rats exhibited elevated levels of glucose,insulin,Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance(HOMA-IR),glycated hemoglobin percentage,lipid markers,aspartate aminotransferase,and malondialdehyde,along with reduced levels of antioxidant enzymes(catalase and superoxide dismutase).The administration of CHO and TAU supplements alongside MET in diabetic rats led to a noticeable recovery of islet mass.The antioxidative,anti-inflammatory,and anti-apoptotic properties of the proposed combination therapy significantly ameliorated the aforementioned abnormalities.CONCLUSION The supplementation of CHO and TAU with MET showed the potential to significantly improve metabolic parameters and protect against diabetic complications through its antioxidative,anti-inflammatory,and antiapoptotic effects.展开更多
Postmenopausal osteoporosis and osteopenia are chronic and uncurable conditions that invariably lead to an increased risk of vertebral, hip, and femoral neck fracture if left untreated. Clinical guidelines establish, ...Postmenopausal osteoporosis and osteopenia are chronic and uncurable conditions that invariably lead to an increased risk of vertebral, hip, and femoral neck fracture if left untreated. Clinical guidelines establish, in general, pharmacological combinations allied to lifestyle changes as the mainstay of their management, and also increasing bone marrow density, lowering fracture risk, and improving quality of life are their main therapeutic goals. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the available data in the scientific medical literature regarding the role of the ibandronate and cholecalciferol combination in postmenopausal osteoporosis and osteopenia management. Based on our results, we concluded that the above combination is safe and feasible for the clinical control of both conditions.展开更多
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cholecalciferol(vitamin D_(3),VD_(3))or 25-hydroxyvitamin D_(3)(25(OH)D_(3))supplementation in the diet of aged laying ducks on eggshell and bone quality.A total of 792 heal...This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cholecalciferol(vitamin D_(3),VD_(3))or 25-hydroxyvitamin D_(3)(25(OH)D_(3))supplementation in the diet of aged laying ducks on eggshell and bone quality.A total of 792 healthy Longyan laying ducks(60 weeks old)were randomly divided into 11 groups,each with 6 replicates of 12 birds.The 11 groups were fed for 16 weeks with diets containing either 0(control),or varying levels of VD_(3)or 25(OH)D_(3):800,1600,2400,3200,and 4000 IU/kg,respectively.Compared to the control,supplementation with either VD_(3)or 25(OH)D_(3)increased(P<0.05)the eggshell thickness,weight,and ratio throughout the trial period.Improvements were also observed in the eggshell ultrastructure,including increases in total thickness,effective thickness,and mammillary knob width(P<0.05),as well as reductions in the scores of structures in the mammillary layer with VD_(3)or 25(OH)D_(3)supplementation(P<0.05).The calcium(Ca)content in the eggshell increased,and the mammillary layer proportion and mammillae density of the eggshell decreased with 25(OH)D_(3)(P<0.05)but not VD_(3)supplementation.Dietary supplementation with both VD_(3)and 25(OH)D_(3)increased(P<0.05)the phosphorus(P)and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_(3)contents in the plasma,but the plasma Ca content only increased(P=0.025)with 25(OH)D_(3)supplementation.In addition,dietary 25(OH)D_(3)supplementation decreased(P=0.012)calcitonin levels,and increased(P<0.05)procollagen type I C-terminal propeptide and bone Gla protein(osteocalcin)levels compared to VD_(3)supplementation.Dietary VD_(3)or 25(OH)D_(3)supplementation increased(P<0.05)the tibial Ca content and strength,as well as the femoral mineral content,Ca content,and strength.The potential for Ca transport and bone formation was improved by both supplements,as indicated by increased(P<0.05)expression of essential genes in the uterus,duodenum,tibia,and femur,including vitamin D receptor,calbindin-D28k,plasma membrane calcium pump 1b,alkaline phosphatase,bone morphogenetic protein 2,and runt-related transcription factor 2.Beta-galactosidase staining revealed a significant reduction(P<0.05)in beta-gal-positive cells in the femurs of aged ducks supplemented with VD_(3),with an even more pronounced effect with 25(OH)D_(3)supplementation.In conclusion,dietary VD_(3)and 25(OH)D_(3)supplementation improved the eggshell and bone quality of laying ducks aged 60 to 76 weeks.Supplementation of 25(OH)D_(3)was more effective than VD_(3)in promoting bone formation and quality,but they had similar effects on improving eggshell quality.展开更多
This experiment was conducted to determine whether dietary cholecalciferol will alleviate a calcium and phosphorous(Ca-P) deficiency when one-alpha-hydroxy-cholecalciferol,1 a(OH)D_3,is supplemented,and to determine t...This experiment was conducted to determine whether dietary cholecalciferol will alleviate a calcium and phosphorous(Ca-P) deficiency when one-alpha-hydroxy-cholecalciferol,1 a(OH)D_3,is supplemented,and to determine the effects of adequate and inadequate Ca-P when 1 a(OH)D_3 is supplemented and vitamin D_3 is adequate.A total of 144 one-d-old broiler chicks(Ross 308) were allocated to 3 treatments.The dietary treatments were as follows: treatment A,adequate Ca-P + cholecalciferol + 5 mg/kg 1 a(OH)D_3;treatment B,inadequate Ca-P + cholecalciferol + 5 mg/kg 1 a(OH)D_3; treatment C,inadequate Ca-P + 5 mg/kg 1 a(OH)D_3.All diets were mixed with 500 FTU/kg of phytase,and cholecalciferol was provided in 5,000 IU/kg except for treatment C that fed diets without vitamin D_3.The Ca-P levels in the adequate diets were 0.90% Ca,0.66% total phosphorus(t P); 0.75% Ca,0.59% t P; 0.69% Ca,0.54% t P for the starter,grower and finisher periods.At d 42 of age,broilers were inspected for incidence and severity of tibial dyschondroplasia(TD).The results showed that inadequate Ca-P supplementation with cholecalciferol significantly decreased the incidence of TD,score and tibia ash compared with broilers fed the same diet in the absence of cholecalciferol(P < 0.05).The broilers fed inadequate Ca-P diets with cholecalciferol were unable to achieve the same tibia ash and incidence of TD as those fed Ca-P adequate diets(P < 0.05).In conclusion,this trial suggests that broilers fed an inadequate Ca-P diet with 1 a(OH)D_3 and adequate level of cholecalciferol are unable to sufficient bone formation.There was no indication that 1 a(OH)D_3 in the absence of cholecalciferol was effective in reducing TD whereas it could improve tibia ash.展开更多
Objective This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of cholecalciferol cholesterol emulsion(CCE),a vitamin D(VD)precursor,in a murine model of acute cerebral infarction(ACI)and to elucidate the role ...Objective This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of cholecalciferol cholesterol emulsion(CCE),a vitamin D(VD)precursor,in a murine model of acute cerebral infarction(ACI)and to elucidate the role of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in mediating these effects.Methods Forty C57BL/6J mice(male and female)were divided into five groups(n=10 per group):control,control+CCE,ACI,ACI+CCE,and ACI+CCE+ML385(an Nrf2 inhibitor).ACI was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO).CCE was administered for three weeks prior to ACI induction,and ML385 was administered intravenously to inhibit Nrf2.Neurological function,brain edema,and infarct size,as well as inflammatory and apoptotic marker levels,were assessed post-ACI.Statistical analyses were conducted via one-way ANOVA and Student's t test,with P<0.05 considered significant.Results Compared to ACI group,CCE significantly reduced neurological deficits,brain edema,and infarct size(P<0.01).The ACI+CCE group presented improved short-term memory retention,as evidenced by shorter avoidance latency in shuttle avoidance tests(P<0.01).CCE administration attenuated the expression of inflammatory markers(IL-6,MIF,Lp-PLA2)while increasing IL-10 levels(P<0.001).Furthermore,CCE increased Nrf2 and HO-1 expression and reduced apoptosis by decreasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in brain tissue(P<0.001).ML385 abolished these neuroprotective effects,confirming the role of the Nrf2 pathway in mediating the benefits of VD.Conclusion VD,via VD receptor-mediated activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway,reduces inflammation,apoptosis,and neurological damage following ACI.These findings support the therapeutic potential of VD in the treatment of ischemic stroke and highlight the importance of Nrf2 in mediating these effects.展开更多
文摘Diabetes mellitus,particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),poses a significant global health challenge.Traditional management strategies primarily focus on glycemic control;however,there is a growing need for comprehensive approaches addressing the complex pathophysiology of diabetes complications.The recent study by Attia et al explores the potential of a novel therapy combining metformin with cholecalciferol(vitamin D3)and taurine to mitigate T2DM-related complications in a rat model.The findings indicate that this treatment combination improves glycemic control and reduces oxidative stress,inflammation,and lipid abnormalities.However,the study is limited by a lack of safety profile data and in-depth molecular mechanism insights.This editorial critically highlights the study's strengths and weaknesses,compares it against other combination therapy research in T2DM,and underscores the need to explore further the mechanisms underpinning the observed therapeutic effects and investigate the safety profile of this novel approach.
文摘BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide,significantly impacting patients'quality of life.Current treatment options like metformin(MET)effectively counteract hyperglycemia but fail to alleviate diabetes-associated complications such as retinopathy,neuropathy,nephropathy,hepatopathy,and cardiovascular diseases.AIM To propose the supplementation of cholecalciferol(CHO)and taurine(TAU)to enhance MET efficacy in controlling diabetes while minimizing the risk of associated complications.METHODS The study involved sixty rats,including ten non-diabetic control rats and fifty experimental rats with type 2 diabetes induced by streptozotocin.The experimental rats were further subdivided into positive control and treatment subgroups.The four treatment groups were randomly allocated to a single MET treatment or MET combined with supplements either CHO,TAU,or both.RESULTS Diabetic rats exhibited elevated levels of glucose,insulin,Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance(HOMA-IR),glycated hemoglobin percentage,lipid markers,aspartate aminotransferase,and malondialdehyde,along with reduced levels of antioxidant enzymes(catalase and superoxide dismutase).The administration of CHO and TAU supplements alongside MET in diabetic rats led to a noticeable recovery of islet mass.The antioxidative,anti-inflammatory,and anti-apoptotic properties of the proposed combination therapy significantly ameliorated the aforementioned abnormalities.CONCLUSION The supplementation of CHO and TAU with MET showed the potential to significantly improve metabolic parameters and protect against diabetic complications through its antioxidative,anti-inflammatory,and antiapoptotic effects.
文摘Postmenopausal osteoporosis and osteopenia are chronic and uncurable conditions that invariably lead to an increased risk of vertebral, hip, and femoral neck fracture if left untreated. Clinical guidelines establish, in general, pharmacological combinations allied to lifestyle changes as the mainstay of their management, and also increasing bone marrow density, lowering fracture risk, and improving quality of life are their main therapeutic goals. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the available data in the scientific medical literature regarding the role of the ibandronate and cholecalciferol combination in postmenopausal osteoporosis and osteopenia management. Based on our results, we concluded that the above combination is safe and feasible for the clinical control of both conditions.
基金supported by the China Agricultural Research System(CARS-42-K13)Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System InnovationjTeam of Guangdong Province(2022KJ137)Special fund for scientific innovationstrategy-construction of high-level Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(R2021PY-QY005,ZQQZ-53).
文摘This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cholecalciferol(vitamin D_(3),VD_(3))or 25-hydroxyvitamin D_(3)(25(OH)D_(3))supplementation in the diet of aged laying ducks on eggshell and bone quality.A total of 792 healthy Longyan laying ducks(60 weeks old)were randomly divided into 11 groups,each with 6 replicates of 12 birds.The 11 groups were fed for 16 weeks with diets containing either 0(control),or varying levels of VD_(3)or 25(OH)D_(3):800,1600,2400,3200,and 4000 IU/kg,respectively.Compared to the control,supplementation with either VD_(3)or 25(OH)D_(3)increased(P<0.05)the eggshell thickness,weight,and ratio throughout the trial period.Improvements were also observed in the eggshell ultrastructure,including increases in total thickness,effective thickness,and mammillary knob width(P<0.05),as well as reductions in the scores of structures in the mammillary layer with VD_(3)or 25(OH)D_(3)supplementation(P<0.05).The calcium(Ca)content in the eggshell increased,and the mammillary layer proportion and mammillae density of the eggshell decreased with 25(OH)D_(3)(P<0.05)but not VD_(3)supplementation.Dietary supplementation with both VD_(3)and 25(OH)D_(3)increased(P<0.05)the phosphorus(P)and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_(3)contents in the plasma,but the plasma Ca content only increased(P=0.025)with 25(OH)D_(3)supplementation.In addition,dietary 25(OH)D_(3)supplementation decreased(P=0.012)calcitonin levels,and increased(P<0.05)procollagen type I C-terminal propeptide and bone Gla protein(osteocalcin)levels compared to VD_(3)supplementation.Dietary VD_(3)or 25(OH)D_(3)supplementation increased(P<0.05)the tibial Ca content and strength,as well as the femoral mineral content,Ca content,and strength.The potential for Ca transport and bone formation was improved by both supplements,as indicated by increased(P<0.05)expression of essential genes in the uterus,duodenum,tibia,and femur,including vitamin D receptor,calbindin-D28k,plasma membrane calcium pump 1b,alkaline phosphatase,bone morphogenetic protein 2,and runt-related transcription factor 2.Beta-galactosidase staining revealed a significant reduction(P<0.05)in beta-gal-positive cells in the femurs of aged ducks supplemented with VD_(3),with an even more pronounced effect with 25(OH)D_(3)supplementation.In conclusion,dietary VD_(3)and 25(OH)D_(3)supplementation improved the eggshell and bone quality of laying ducks aged 60 to 76 weeks.Supplementation of 25(OH)D_(3)was more effective than VD_(3)in promoting bone formation and quality,but they had similar effects on improving eggshell quality.
基金support from the Young Researchers and Elite Club,Isfahan Branch (Grant No.2016/ 003)
文摘This experiment was conducted to determine whether dietary cholecalciferol will alleviate a calcium and phosphorous(Ca-P) deficiency when one-alpha-hydroxy-cholecalciferol,1 a(OH)D_3,is supplemented,and to determine the effects of adequate and inadequate Ca-P when 1 a(OH)D_3 is supplemented and vitamin D_3 is adequate.A total of 144 one-d-old broiler chicks(Ross 308) were allocated to 3 treatments.The dietary treatments were as follows: treatment A,adequate Ca-P + cholecalciferol + 5 mg/kg 1 a(OH)D_3;treatment B,inadequate Ca-P + cholecalciferol + 5 mg/kg 1 a(OH)D_3; treatment C,inadequate Ca-P + 5 mg/kg 1 a(OH)D_3.All diets were mixed with 500 FTU/kg of phytase,and cholecalciferol was provided in 5,000 IU/kg except for treatment C that fed diets without vitamin D_3.The Ca-P levels in the adequate diets were 0.90% Ca,0.66% total phosphorus(t P); 0.75% Ca,0.59% t P; 0.69% Ca,0.54% t P for the starter,grower and finisher periods.At d 42 of age,broilers were inspected for incidence and severity of tibial dyschondroplasia(TD).The results showed that inadequate Ca-P supplementation with cholecalciferol significantly decreased the incidence of TD,score and tibia ash compared with broilers fed the same diet in the absence of cholecalciferol(P < 0.05).The broilers fed inadequate Ca-P diets with cholecalciferol were unable to achieve the same tibia ash and incidence of TD as those fed Ca-P adequate diets(P < 0.05).In conclusion,this trial suggests that broilers fed an inadequate Ca-P diet with 1 a(OH)D_3 and adequate level of cholecalciferol are unable to sufficient bone formation.There was no indication that 1 a(OH)D_3 in the absence of cholecalciferol was effective in reducing TD whereas it could improve tibia ash.
基金supported by the Medical Science Research Project Program of Hebei Province(20211722).
文摘Objective This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of cholecalciferol cholesterol emulsion(CCE),a vitamin D(VD)precursor,in a murine model of acute cerebral infarction(ACI)and to elucidate the role of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in mediating these effects.Methods Forty C57BL/6J mice(male and female)were divided into five groups(n=10 per group):control,control+CCE,ACI,ACI+CCE,and ACI+CCE+ML385(an Nrf2 inhibitor).ACI was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO).CCE was administered for three weeks prior to ACI induction,and ML385 was administered intravenously to inhibit Nrf2.Neurological function,brain edema,and infarct size,as well as inflammatory and apoptotic marker levels,were assessed post-ACI.Statistical analyses were conducted via one-way ANOVA and Student's t test,with P<0.05 considered significant.Results Compared to ACI group,CCE significantly reduced neurological deficits,brain edema,and infarct size(P<0.01).The ACI+CCE group presented improved short-term memory retention,as evidenced by shorter avoidance latency in shuttle avoidance tests(P<0.01).CCE administration attenuated the expression of inflammatory markers(IL-6,MIF,Lp-PLA2)while increasing IL-10 levels(P<0.001).Furthermore,CCE increased Nrf2 and HO-1 expression and reduced apoptosis by decreasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in brain tissue(P<0.001).ML385 abolished these neuroprotective effects,confirming the role of the Nrf2 pathway in mediating the benefits of VD.Conclusion VD,via VD receptor-mediated activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway,reduces inflammation,apoptosis,and neurological damage following ACI.These findings support the therapeutic potential of VD in the treatment of ischemic stroke and highlight the importance of Nrf2 in mediating these effects.
