Simulation of egress is vital for minimizing losses during fire disasters, however accurate simulations are scarce and real-life data is hard to come by. In this paper, a Proposed Wireless Fire Evacuation Model (PWFEM...Simulation of egress is vital for minimizing losses during fire disasters, however accurate simulations are scarce and real-life data is hard to come by. In this paper, a Proposed Wireless Fire Evacuation Model (PWFEM) is proposed to simulate fire evacuation process in a short time<span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">to minimize evacuee’s exposure to the harmful radiation and fire hazards. The PWFEM</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">simulation realistic by supposing fire scenario at</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cabined contains electrical cables inside a standard Main Control Room (MCR) in a Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) building.</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">In addition, a</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">new Hybrid Safest Shortest Exit (HSSE) is developed</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">which consists of three stages: safest route based </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">o</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">n rules-based technique, evacuees location based on the DV-hop technique </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:" color:#c45911;"=""><a href="#ref1" target="_blank"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">[1]</span></a></span><span></span></span></span><span><span></span></span><span></span><span><span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and shortest route that depends on Dijkstra techniqu</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. The PWFEM Simulations </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">appreciated</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">to yield a realistic fire scenario by using a telecommunications TCP/IP network in</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">form of server and client sides that help in transfer data inside internal networks in the NPP building. </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">O</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">n the server-side, suppose that</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Consolidated Model of Fire Growth and Smoke Transport (CFAST) fire modeling is applied to simulate the fire scenario in MCR through CFAST model to generate fire products as output data in excel sheets and sends them to the client-side. The client-side then runs HSSE to produce the tree map for safest and shortest routes to help the evacuee for safe exit from his/her location.</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">HSSE can be implemented on evacuee’s watches. From the results, </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">it is </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">concluded that PWFEM can simulate the fire scenario inside MCR,</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">furthermore </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">it is </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">validated that HSEE can be used as an efficient emergency fire evacuation technique that can produce safest and shortest exit route for evacuee in any location inside NPP in very small time. In addition, PWFEM can be used for simulating</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">fire evacuation inside any high-risk buildings and can appreciate</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">yield</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ing</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> any realistic fire scenario with many types of fire sources in different places inside buildings.</span></span></span>展开更多
文摘Simulation of egress is vital for minimizing losses during fire disasters, however accurate simulations are scarce and real-life data is hard to come by. In this paper, a Proposed Wireless Fire Evacuation Model (PWFEM) is proposed to simulate fire evacuation process in a short time<span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">to minimize evacuee’s exposure to the harmful radiation and fire hazards. The PWFEM</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">simulation realistic by supposing fire scenario at</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cabined contains electrical cables inside a standard Main Control Room (MCR) in a Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) building.</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">In addition, a</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">new Hybrid Safest Shortest Exit (HSSE) is developed</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">which consists of three stages: safest route based </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">o</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">n rules-based technique, evacuees location based on the DV-hop technique </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:" color:#c45911;"=""><a href="#ref1" target="_blank"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">[1]</span></a></span><span></span></span></span><span><span></span></span><span></span><span><span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and shortest route that depends on Dijkstra techniqu</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. The PWFEM Simulations </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">appreciated</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">to yield a realistic fire scenario by using a telecommunications TCP/IP network in</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">form of server and client sides that help in transfer data inside internal networks in the NPP building. </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">O</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">n the server-side, suppose that</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Consolidated Model of Fire Growth and Smoke Transport (CFAST) fire modeling is applied to simulate the fire scenario in MCR through CFAST model to generate fire products as output data in excel sheets and sends them to the client-side. The client-side then runs HSSE to produce the tree map for safest and shortest routes to help the evacuee for safe exit from his/her location.</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">HSSE can be implemented on evacuee’s watches. From the results, </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">it is </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">concluded that PWFEM can simulate the fire scenario inside MCR,</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">furthermore </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">it is </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">validated that HSEE can be used as an efficient emergency fire evacuation technique that can produce safest and shortest exit route for evacuee in any location inside NPP in very small time. In addition, PWFEM can be used for simulating</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">fire evacuation inside any high-risk buildings and can appreciate</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">yield</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ing</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> any realistic fire scenario with many types of fire sources in different places inside buildings.</span></span></span>
