目的分析单核细胞人白细胞DR抗原(mHLA-DR)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)及CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞对脓毒症患者预后的预测价值.方法收集2023年12月至2024年9月入住青岛市市立医院重症医学科的29例脓毒症患作为研究对象,根据28 d预后将患...目的分析单核细胞人白细胞DR抗原(mHLA-DR)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)及CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞对脓毒症患者预后的预测价值.方法收集2023年12月至2024年9月入住青岛市市立医院重症医学科的29例脓毒症患作为研究对象,根据28 d预后将患者分为存活组(20例)与死亡组(9例).收集患者入院时的基线资料[包括患者的性别、年龄、急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分、序贯器官衰竭评分(SOFA)、白细胞计数(WBC)、NLR、血红蛋白(Hb)、血小板计数(PLT)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、总蛋白(TP)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、肌酐(Cr)、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数]和入院1、3、7 d mHLA-DR水平,并计算入院3 d、7 d mHLA-DR表达率与入院1 d的差值,记为ΔH3、ΔH7.比较不同预后两组患者上述指标的差异.绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)评价mHLA-DR、NLR、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数、SOFA评分及APACHEⅡ评分对脓毒症患者28 d死亡风险的预测价值.结果与存活组比较,死亡组APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、NLR均明显升高,ΔH7、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数均明显降低(均P<0.05).ROC曲线分析显示:ΔH7、NLR、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数、SOFA评分及APACHEⅡ评分均对脓毒症患者28 d预后均有预测价值,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)和95%可信区间(95%CI)分别为0.817(0.635~0.999)、0.789(0.611~0.966)、0.786(0.588~0.985)、0.853(0.685~1.000)、0.844(0.659~1.000),均P<0.05.ΔH7联合NLR、ΔH7联合CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞、NLR联合CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞以及ΔH7、NLR、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞3者联合检测对脓毒症患者28 d预后亦有预测价值,AUC和95%CI分别为0.867(0.735~0.998)、0.878(0.752~1.000)、0.883(0.760~1.000)、0.928(0.837~1.000),均P<0.05.结论脓毒症患者入院1 d NLR及CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数可预测脓毒症患者预后,动态监测脓毒症患者mHLA-DR水平同样可以预测脓毒症患者预后,然而7 d内单次测定mHLA-DR水平没有意义.就单指标而言,ΔH7在ΔH7、NLR、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数3个指标中对于脓毒症患者预后的预测价值最佳,3个指标联合检测对脓毒症患者预后判断更具优势.展开更多
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a parasite responsible of toxoplasmosis, a disease often asymptomatic but with serious consequences in pregnant women and immunocompromised subjects. Objective: This study aimed to inv...Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a parasite responsible of toxoplasmosis, a disease often asymptomatic but with serious consequences in pregnant women and immunocompromised subjects. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of T. gondii infection on CD4+ T lymphocytes count in HIV-infected pregnant women. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of pregnant women co-infected by HIV and T. gondii. The study was conducted from January to July 2016 at the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) sites in the Health District of Lacs in Togo. Diagnosis of HIV was performed by immuno-chromatographic methods with Determine TM HIV-1/2 and immuno-filtration with Tri-Dot HIV-1 and 2 kits. Presence of anti-toxoplasmic IgG and IgM antibodies was established via enzyme immunoassay using ELISA-BIOREX®kit. Flow cytometry was used to count CD4+ T lymphocytes. Results: Our study found that of the 4599 pregnant women, 111 (2.41%) were HIV-positive. Among them, 109 (98.20%) were infected by HIV-1 and 2 (1.98%) by HIV-2. Antibodies against T. gondii were detected in 5.36% (IgM), 25% (IgG) and 3.57% (both IgM and IgG) of HIV 56 infected women. There was no significant difference between CD4 cell count in HIV (+)/T. gondii IgM (-)/IgG (-) infected pregnant women (378.8 ± 222.8 cell//μl) compared to HIV (+)/T. gondii/IgM (+) (457.3 ± 183.3 cell//μl), HIV (+)/T. gondii IgG (+) (419.4 ± 287.3 cell//μl) and HIV (+)/T. gondii IgM/IgG (+) (480.5 ± 252.4 cell/μl). Conclusion: This study showed that intracellular parasite T. gondii did not alter CD4+ T lymphocytes count in HIV/T. gondii co-infected pregnant women.展开更多
<strong><em>Background: </em></strong>The appropriate time to initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV/AIDS patients is determined by measurement of CD4+/CD8+ T cell count. The CD4/CD8+ T c...<strong><em>Background: </em></strong>The appropriate time to initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV/AIDS patients is determined by measurement of CD4+/CD8+ T cell count. The CD4/CD8+ T cell count is also useful, together with viral load, in monitoring disease progression and effectiveness treatment regimens. Several factors may contribute to sample rejection during the CD4+/CD8+ T cells count, resulting in negative effects on patient management. <strong> <em>Objective: </em></strong>Evaluate the causes for CD4+CD8+ T cell count sample rejection at the Kenyatta National Hospital Comprehensive Care Center Laboratory. <strong><em>Method:</em></strong> A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between 2018 and 2020. Data was obtained from the “rejected samples” for Partec<sup>R</sup> FlowCyp flow cytometry file. Designed data collection sheet was used for data capture. A total of 3972 samples were submitted for CD4+/CD8+ T cell count during the study period. Causes for sample rejection were numbered 1 to 12, each representing a reason for sample rejection. Number 1 was sub-categorized into clotted, hemolyzed, short-draw and lipemic. Data was analyzed using excel, and presented using tables, graphs and pie charts. Approval to conduct the study was obtained from KNH/UoN ERC. <strong> <em>Results: </em></strong>In the study period, 81/3972 (2.0%) samples were rejected. Samples submitted more than 48 hours after collection were mostly rejected. Other factors included improper collection technique, delayed testing, patient identification error and incorrect use of vacutainer. A combination of clotted samples, specimen submission more than 48 hours caused the most frequent sample rejection, followed with combination of specimen submission more than 48 hours, delayed testing and delayed specimen processing. Together, clotted samples, incorrect vacutainer and poor specimen label caused the least sample rejection. <strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong> Sample rejection rate for CD4/CD8+ T cell count was relatively low, and multiple factors contributed to rejection. However, improved quality assurance will enable more benefit to patients who seek this test in the laboratory.展开更多
文摘目的分析单核细胞人白细胞DR抗原(mHLA-DR)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)及CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞对脓毒症患者预后的预测价值.方法收集2023年12月至2024年9月入住青岛市市立医院重症医学科的29例脓毒症患作为研究对象,根据28 d预后将患者分为存活组(20例)与死亡组(9例).收集患者入院时的基线资料[包括患者的性别、年龄、急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分、序贯器官衰竭评分(SOFA)、白细胞计数(WBC)、NLR、血红蛋白(Hb)、血小板计数(PLT)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、总蛋白(TP)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、肌酐(Cr)、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数]和入院1、3、7 d mHLA-DR水平,并计算入院3 d、7 d mHLA-DR表达率与入院1 d的差值,记为ΔH3、ΔH7.比较不同预后两组患者上述指标的差异.绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)评价mHLA-DR、NLR、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数、SOFA评分及APACHEⅡ评分对脓毒症患者28 d死亡风险的预测价值.结果与存活组比较,死亡组APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、NLR均明显升高,ΔH7、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数均明显降低(均P<0.05).ROC曲线分析显示:ΔH7、NLR、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数、SOFA评分及APACHEⅡ评分均对脓毒症患者28 d预后均有预测价值,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)和95%可信区间(95%CI)分别为0.817(0.635~0.999)、0.789(0.611~0.966)、0.786(0.588~0.985)、0.853(0.685~1.000)、0.844(0.659~1.000),均P<0.05.ΔH7联合NLR、ΔH7联合CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞、NLR联合CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞以及ΔH7、NLR、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞3者联合检测对脓毒症患者28 d预后亦有预测价值,AUC和95%CI分别为0.867(0.735~0.998)、0.878(0.752~1.000)、0.883(0.760~1.000)、0.928(0.837~1.000),均P<0.05.结论脓毒症患者入院1 d NLR及CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数可预测脓毒症患者预后,动态监测脓毒症患者mHLA-DR水平同样可以预测脓毒症患者预后,然而7 d内单次测定mHLA-DR水平没有意义.就单指标而言,ΔH7在ΔH7、NLR、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数3个指标中对于脓毒症患者预后的预测价值最佳,3个指标联合检测对脓毒症患者预后判断更具优势.
文摘Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a parasite responsible of toxoplasmosis, a disease often asymptomatic but with serious consequences in pregnant women and immunocompromised subjects. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of T. gondii infection on CD4+ T lymphocytes count in HIV-infected pregnant women. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of pregnant women co-infected by HIV and T. gondii. The study was conducted from January to July 2016 at the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) sites in the Health District of Lacs in Togo. Diagnosis of HIV was performed by immuno-chromatographic methods with Determine TM HIV-1/2 and immuno-filtration with Tri-Dot HIV-1 and 2 kits. Presence of anti-toxoplasmic IgG and IgM antibodies was established via enzyme immunoassay using ELISA-BIOREX®kit. Flow cytometry was used to count CD4+ T lymphocytes. Results: Our study found that of the 4599 pregnant women, 111 (2.41%) were HIV-positive. Among them, 109 (98.20%) were infected by HIV-1 and 2 (1.98%) by HIV-2. Antibodies against T. gondii were detected in 5.36% (IgM), 25% (IgG) and 3.57% (both IgM and IgG) of HIV 56 infected women. There was no significant difference between CD4 cell count in HIV (+)/T. gondii IgM (-)/IgG (-) infected pregnant women (378.8 ± 222.8 cell//μl) compared to HIV (+)/T. gondii/IgM (+) (457.3 ± 183.3 cell//μl), HIV (+)/T. gondii IgG (+) (419.4 ± 287.3 cell//μl) and HIV (+)/T. gondii IgM/IgG (+) (480.5 ± 252.4 cell/μl). Conclusion: This study showed that intracellular parasite T. gondii did not alter CD4+ T lymphocytes count in HIV/T. gondii co-infected pregnant women.
文摘<strong><em>Background: </em></strong>The appropriate time to initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV/AIDS patients is determined by measurement of CD4+/CD8+ T cell count. The CD4/CD8+ T cell count is also useful, together with viral load, in monitoring disease progression and effectiveness treatment regimens. Several factors may contribute to sample rejection during the CD4+/CD8+ T cells count, resulting in negative effects on patient management. <strong> <em>Objective: </em></strong>Evaluate the causes for CD4+CD8+ T cell count sample rejection at the Kenyatta National Hospital Comprehensive Care Center Laboratory. <strong><em>Method:</em></strong> A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between 2018 and 2020. Data was obtained from the “rejected samples” for Partec<sup>R</sup> FlowCyp flow cytometry file. Designed data collection sheet was used for data capture. A total of 3972 samples were submitted for CD4+/CD8+ T cell count during the study period. Causes for sample rejection were numbered 1 to 12, each representing a reason for sample rejection. Number 1 was sub-categorized into clotted, hemolyzed, short-draw and lipemic. Data was analyzed using excel, and presented using tables, graphs and pie charts. Approval to conduct the study was obtained from KNH/UoN ERC. <strong> <em>Results: </em></strong>In the study period, 81/3972 (2.0%) samples were rejected. Samples submitted more than 48 hours after collection were mostly rejected. Other factors included improper collection technique, delayed testing, patient identification error and incorrect use of vacutainer. A combination of clotted samples, specimen submission more than 48 hours caused the most frequent sample rejection, followed with combination of specimen submission more than 48 hours, delayed testing and delayed specimen processing. Together, clotted samples, incorrect vacutainer and poor specimen label caused the least sample rejection. <strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong> Sample rejection rate for CD4/CD8+ T cell count was relatively low, and multiple factors contributed to rejection. However, improved quality assurance will enable more benefit to patients who seek this test in the laboratory.
