CD98 heavy chain（CD98hc）,encoded by Slc3a2,is a widely expressed vertebrate membrane protein whose functions are known as facilitating amino acid transporter and mediating integrin signaling.Little is known about it...CD98 heavy chain（CD98hc）,encoded by Slc3a2,is a widely expressed vertebrate membrane protein whose functions are known as facilitating amino acid transporter and mediating integrin signaling.Little is known about its function on T lymphocyte mediated immune response to alloantigen. Here we report that we successfully deleted CD98hc in T cells by crossing mice bearing a loxP-flanked Slc3a2 allele with those expressing Cre re-combinase in T cells（CD4-Cre+）.T cell-specific deficient of CD98hc resulted in lower responses to alloantigen stimulation in mixed lymphocyte reaction assay.Heterotopic cardiac grafting was then performed from BALB/c（H-2K<sup>d</sup>） to CD98hc<sup>lox/-</sup>CD4-Cre<sup>+</sup> /C57BL/6（H-2K<sup>b</sup>） or control littermate C57BL/6 （B6） mice.We found that all CD98hc<sup>lox/</sup>-CD4-Cre<sup>+</sup> recipients had indefinite survival（MST:】100days, n=8）.In contrast,all littermate B6 recipients suffered acute rejection[MST:（7.4±0.5）d,n=12].In addition,the survival of the skin grafts from donor BALB/c mice to more than postoperative day （POD） 100 heart-bearing tolerant CD98hc<sup>lox/-</sup>CD4- Cre<sup>+</sup> recipients was significantly prolonged[MST: （15.2±2.2）d,n =5]compared that of the B6 mice [MST:（8.2±1.3）d,n=9].In consistent with graft survival, we found that the graft infiltration cells on POD7 were fewer than that of the B6 mice by FACS and immune-staining analysis.Also chemotaxis assay data revealed that the migrated CD98hc<sup>lox/-</sup>CD4-Cre<sup>+</sup> lymphocyte were less than that of B6 in the presence of different concentration of chemokines CCL2, CCL5,and CCL2 plus CCL5.In addition,a neutralizing antibody（clone 26-24）specific against CD98hc prolonged the graft survival[MST:（13.4±2.7）d,n=8; P=0.001]in the B6 recipients after they received the BALB/c mice heart.Hence our data indicated that T cell-specific deficient of CD98hc impaired proliferate in response to alloantigens and decreased migration ability result in inducing immune tolerance after cardiac transplantation.Moreover,the application of the blocked of CD98hc by monoclonal antibody is effective in the treatment of acute cardiac allograft rejection, which may be useful clinically in the future.展开更多
In this paper,we study irreducible non-weight modules over the mirror Heisenberg-Virasoro algebra D,including Whittaker modules,U(Cd_(0))-free modules and their tensor products.More precisely,we give the necessary and...In this paper,we study irreducible non-weight modules over the mirror Heisenberg-Virasoro algebra D,including Whittaker modules,U(Cd_(0))-free modules and their tensor products.More precisely,we give the necessary and sufficient conditions for the Whittaker modules to be irreducible.We determine all the D-module structures on U(Cd_(0)),and find the necessary and sufficient conditions for these modules to be irreducible.At last,we determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for the tensor products of Whittaker modules and U(Cd_(0))-free modules to be irreducible,and obtain that any two such tensor products are isomorphic if and only if the corresponding Whittaker modules and U(Cd_(0))-free modules are isomorphic.These lead to many new irreducible non-weight modules over D.展开更多
文摘CD98 heavy chain（CD98hc）,encoded by Slc3a2,is a widely expressed vertebrate membrane protein whose functions are known as facilitating amino acid transporter and mediating integrin signaling.Little is known about its function on T lymphocyte mediated immune response to alloantigen. Here we report that we successfully deleted CD98hc in T cells by crossing mice bearing a loxP-flanked Slc3a2 allele with those expressing Cre re-combinase in T cells（CD4-Cre+）.T cell-specific deficient of CD98hc resulted in lower responses to alloantigen stimulation in mixed lymphocyte reaction assay.Heterotopic cardiac grafting was then performed from BALB/c（H-2K<sup>d</sup>） to CD98hc<sup>lox/-</sup>CD4-Cre<sup>+</sup> /C57BL/6（H-2K<sup>b</sup>） or control littermate C57BL/6 （B6） mice.We found that all CD98hc<sup>lox/</sup>-CD4-Cre<sup>+</sup> recipients had indefinite survival（MST:】100days, n=8）.In contrast,all littermate B6 recipients suffered acute rejection[MST:（7.4±0.5）d,n=12].In addition,the survival of the skin grafts from donor BALB/c mice to more than postoperative day （POD） 100 heart-bearing tolerant CD98hc<sup>lox/-</sup>CD4- Cre<sup>+</sup> recipients was significantly prolonged[MST: （15.2±2.2）d,n =5]compared that of the B6 mice [MST:（8.2±1.3）d,n=9].In consistent with graft survival, we found that the graft infiltration cells on POD7 were fewer than that of the B6 mice by FACS and immune-staining analysis.Also chemotaxis assay data revealed that the migrated CD98hc<sup>lox/-</sup>CD4-Cre<sup>+</sup> lymphocyte were less than that of B6 in the presence of different concentration of chemokines CCL2, CCL5,and CCL2 plus CCL5.In addition,a neutralizing antibody（clone 26-24）specific against CD98hc prolonged the graft survival[MST:（13.4±2.7）d,n=8; P=0.001]in the B6 recipients after they received the BALB/c mice heart.Hence our data indicated that T cell-specific deficient of CD98hc impaired proliferate in response to alloantigens and decreased migration ability result in inducing immune tolerance after cardiac transplantation.Moreover,the application of the blocked of CD98hc by monoclonal antibody is effective in the treatment of acute cardiac allograft rejection, which may be useful clinically in the future.
基金supported by China Scholarship Council(Grant No.201906340096)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11771410 and 11931009)+2 种基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11801066)supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11871190)Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(Grant No.311907-2020).
文摘In this paper,we study irreducible non-weight modules over the mirror Heisenberg-Virasoro algebra D,including Whittaker modules,U(Cd_(0))-free modules and their tensor products.More precisely,we give the necessary and sufficient conditions for the Whittaker modules to be irreducible.We determine all the D-module structures on U(Cd_(0)),and find the necessary and sufficient conditions for these modules to be irreducible.At last,we determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for the tensor products of Whittaker modules and U(Cd_(0))-free modules to be irreducible,and obtain that any two such tensor products are isomorphic if and only if the corresponding Whittaker modules and U(Cd_(0))-free modules are isomorphic.These lead to many new irreducible non-weight modules over D.
