Background:Cannabidiol(CBD)has numerous therapeutic properties,and is used to treat neurological conditions,such as neuroinflammation.However,the optimal dose of CBD to penetrate the brain requires further investigati...Background:Cannabidiol(CBD)has numerous therapeutic properties,and is used to treat neurological conditions,such as neuroinflammation.However,the optimal dose of CBD to penetrate the brain requires further investigation.The primary aim of this study was to use a mouse model and the intrabuccal route for CBD administration to determine the optimal dose at which CBD can penetrate the brain.The secondary aim was to determine whether sex is a confounding factor.Methods:Thirty adult Kramnik mice,divided equally into three groups,were ad-ministered CBD oil intrabuccally at three doses-10,20,and 30 mg/kg,euthanized 6 h later,and whole brain,urine,and blood samples were collected.Liquid chro-matography with tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze the collected samples.Results:CBD and its three metabolites—7-carboxy cannabidiol(7-COOH-CBD),7-hydroxy cannabidiol(7-OH-CBD)and 6-hydroxy cannabidiol(6-OH-CBD),were identified and quantified in all samples.The 10 and 20 mg/kg doses of CBD produced similar results in the brain,but the group given the 10 mg/kg dose had the least vari-ation.The 30 mg/kg dose yielded the highest abundance of CBD and its metabolites in all samples,but also the greatest variation.Sex only became a confounding factor at 30 mg/kg.Conclusions:This study shows that the intrabuccal route of CBD administration is reliable and the 10 mg/kg dose of CBD is recommended in mice because there were good CBD metabolite concentrations in all samples,with the least variation among the doses,and sex was not a confounder at 10 mg/kg.展开更多
A novel digital twin(DT)enabled channel model for 6G vehicular communications in Beijing Central Business District(Beijing CBD)is proposed,which can support the design of intelligent transportation systems(ITSs).A DT ...A novel digital twin(DT)enabled channel model for 6G vehicular communications in Beijing Central Business District(Beijing CBD)is proposed,which can support the design of intelligent transportation systems(ITSs).A DT space for Beijing CBD is constructed,and two typical transportation periods,i.e.,peak and off-peak hours,are considered to characterize the vehicular communication channel better.Based on the constructed DT space,a DT-enabled vehicular communication dataset is developed,including light detection and ranging(LiDAR)point clouds,RGB images,and channel information.With the assistance of LiDAR point clouds and RGB images,the scatterer parameters,including number,distance,angle,power,and velocity,are analyzed under different transportation periods.The channel non-stationarity and consistency are mimicked in the proposed model.The key channel statistical properties are derived and simulated.Compared to ray-tracing(RT)results,the accuracy of the proposed model is verified.展开更多
本研究以汉麻为材料,探究不同培养条件对愈伤组织诱导及CBD含量的影响,为汉麻育种、加工及工业化制备CBD奠定基础。优化激素配比、培养基类型、光照和温度等参数,并建立高效液相色谱法检测CBD方法。结果表明:当愈伤组织培养条件为1/2 MS...本研究以汉麻为材料,探究不同培养条件对愈伤组织诱导及CBD含量的影响,为汉麻育种、加工及工业化制备CBD奠定基础。优化激素配比、培养基类型、光照和温度等参数,并建立高效液相色谱法检测CBD方法。结果表明:当愈伤组织培养条件为1/2 MS + ZT 0.6 mg/L + IAA 0.4 mg/L,诱导率达到最高为97.47%,CBD含量达到最高为160.62 ± 0.32 μg/g。该试验揭示了激素组合与次生代谢产物积累的关联性,证实培养条件调控对植物组织诱导和代谢物质合成的关键作用。研究成果为汉麻高效育种、CBD工业化生产及植物资源开发利用提供了理论依据和技术支撑。In this study, the Cannabis sativa L. was used as the experimental material to study the effects of different culture conditions on callus induction and CBD content, laying the foundation for hemp breeding, processing and industrial preparation of CBD. These parameters such as hormone ratio, culture medium type, light and temperature were optimized, and a high-performance liquid chromatography method for detecting CBD was established. The results showed that when the callus culture conditions were 1/2 MS + ZT 0.6 mg/L + IAA 0.4 mg/L, the induction rate reached a maximum of 97.47%, and the CBD content reached a maximum of 160.62 ± 0.32 μg/g. The correlation between hormone combination and the accumulation of secondary metabolites was revealed, and the key role of culture condition regulation in plant tissue induction and metabolite synthesis was confirmed. The research results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for efficient hemp breeding, industrial production of CBD and development and utilization of plant resources.展开更多
基金National Research Fund of South Africa(grant number:137792).
文摘Background:Cannabidiol(CBD)has numerous therapeutic properties,and is used to treat neurological conditions,such as neuroinflammation.However,the optimal dose of CBD to penetrate the brain requires further investigation.The primary aim of this study was to use a mouse model and the intrabuccal route for CBD administration to determine the optimal dose at which CBD can penetrate the brain.The secondary aim was to determine whether sex is a confounding factor.Methods:Thirty adult Kramnik mice,divided equally into three groups,were ad-ministered CBD oil intrabuccally at three doses-10,20,and 30 mg/kg,euthanized 6 h later,and whole brain,urine,and blood samples were collected.Liquid chro-matography with tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze the collected samples.Results:CBD and its three metabolites—7-carboxy cannabidiol(7-COOH-CBD),7-hydroxy cannabidiol(7-OH-CBD)and 6-hydroxy cannabidiol(6-OH-CBD),were identified and quantified in all samples.The 10 and 20 mg/kg doses of CBD produced similar results in the brain,but the group given the 10 mg/kg dose had the least vari-ation.The 30 mg/kg dose yielded the highest abundance of CBD and its metabolites in all samples,but also the greatest variation.Sex only became a confounding factor at 30 mg/kg.Conclusions:This study shows that the intrabuccal route of CBD administration is reliable and the 10 mg/kg dose of CBD is recommended in mice because there were good CBD metabolite concentrations in all samples,with the least variation among the doses,and sex was not a confounder at 10 mg/kg.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.62371273,62125101 and 62341101the Taishan Scholars Program under Grant No.tsqn202312307+7 种基金the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST under Grant No.YESS20230372the Shandong Natural Science Foundation under Grant No.ZR2023YQ058the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the Xplorer Prizethe Xiaomi Young Talents Programthe open research fund of National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory,Southeast University under Grant No.2025D04the China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents under Grant No.BX20240007the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant No.2024M760111the Beijing Natural Science Foundation under Grant No.4254067。
文摘A novel digital twin(DT)enabled channel model for 6G vehicular communications in Beijing Central Business District(Beijing CBD)is proposed,which can support the design of intelligent transportation systems(ITSs).A DT space for Beijing CBD is constructed,and two typical transportation periods,i.e.,peak and off-peak hours,are considered to characterize the vehicular communication channel better.Based on the constructed DT space,a DT-enabled vehicular communication dataset is developed,including light detection and ranging(LiDAR)point clouds,RGB images,and channel information.With the assistance of LiDAR point clouds and RGB images,the scatterer parameters,including number,distance,angle,power,and velocity,are analyzed under different transportation periods.The channel non-stationarity and consistency are mimicked in the proposed model.The key channel statistical properties are derived and simulated.Compared to ray-tracing(RT)results,the accuracy of the proposed model is verified.
文摘本研究以汉麻为材料,探究不同培养条件对愈伤组织诱导及CBD含量的影响,为汉麻育种、加工及工业化制备CBD奠定基础。优化激素配比、培养基类型、光照和温度等参数,并建立高效液相色谱法检测CBD方法。结果表明:当愈伤组织培养条件为1/2 MS + ZT 0.6 mg/L + IAA 0.4 mg/L,诱导率达到最高为97.47%,CBD含量达到最高为160.62 ± 0.32 μg/g。该试验揭示了激素组合与次生代谢产物积累的关联性,证实培养条件调控对植物组织诱导和代谢物质合成的关键作用。研究成果为汉麻高效育种、CBD工业化生产及植物资源开发利用提供了理论依据和技术支撑。In this study, the Cannabis sativa L. was used as the experimental material to study the effects of different culture conditions on callus induction and CBD content, laying the foundation for hemp breeding, processing and industrial preparation of CBD. These parameters such as hormone ratio, culture medium type, light and temperature were optimized, and a high-performance liquid chromatography method for detecting CBD was established. The results showed that when the callus culture conditions were 1/2 MS + ZT 0.6 mg/L + IAA 0.4 mg/L, the induction rate reached a maximum of 97.47%, and the CBD content reached a maximum of 160.62 ± 0.32 μg/g. The correlation between hormone combination and the accumulation of secondary metabolites was revealed, and the key role of culture condition regulation in plant tissue induction and metabolite synthesis was confirmed. The research results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for efficient hemp breeding, industrial production of CBD and development and utilization of plant resources.
