High resolution data have high relief displacement in hilly terrains. Development of Digital Elevation model helps to assess bio resources more accurately in such terrains. While estimating bio resources in the Himala...High resolution data have high relief displacement in hilly terrains. Development of Digital Elevation model helps to assess bio resources more accurately in such terrains. While estimating bio resources in the Himalayan hilly terrain using multispectral LISS-III data of 23 m spatial resolution, the need for orthorectifcation of satellite data was necessary to correct for spatial distances due to high undulating slopes. Therefore, Cartosat stereo pair based Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was generated using the Rational Polynomial Coefficients (RPC) supplied along with the data products. By using the DEM orthorectification of LISS-III was created. In order to evaluate the positional accuracy of ortho rectified LISS-III Ground control points were selected using the Global Positioning System in differential GPS mode. As there is variation in the spatial distances and height over few points, the GCP corrected DEM was used for ortho rectifcation of Cartosat PAN and LISS-III data. This paper presents the procedure followed for ortho rectification and digital elevation model generation using Cartosat stereo pair data. The result of the study indicated high spatial resolution stereo images helped generation of three dimensional mountainous regions more accurately which helps in estimating the bio resources using multispectral LISS III data.展开更多
The objective of the study was to estimate the change detection in a surface area and volume ana- lysis of the lime stone quarry for the year 2006 and 2014 in Mannur, Tirunelveli district, Tamilnadu. Though the mining...The objective of the study was to estimate the change detection in a surface area and volume ana- lysis of the lime stone quarry for the year 2006 and 2014 in Mannur, Tirunelveli district, Tamilnadu. Though the mining activities are essential for the cement factory, it depletes the ground water table and causes pollution to the Environment. The Integration of Remote Sensing and GIS are effective for analyzing the impact of quarrying on natural resources. In this study, Cartosat-1 satellite data generated Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for measuring surface area and the volume of Lime stone quarry. Temporal volume change study is essential for the government to restrain the misuse of the natural resources by the private sector. In 2006, the surface area and volume of lime stone excavated by 8 mining quarries was 1,991,759.68 m<sup>2</sup> and 112,398,931.9 m<sup>3</sup> respectively. Meanwhile, the surface area utilized and volume of limestone production by the quarry was increased to 2,881,384.64 m<sup>2</sup> and 156,806,929.9 m<sup>3</sup> respectively during the year<sup> </sup>2014. In these 8 years period, quarry surface area utilization increased by 30% and limestone production increased by 28% was observed. This study is useful for the government to monitor the natural resources restrain to over use by the private sector.展开更多
The prominent linear dyke ridges outcropped in the Narmada-Tapi dykes’ swarm represent an intrusion in the Deccan Traps. Understanding the relationship among the underlying geological structures, the strike of the dy...The prominent linear dyke ridges outcropped in the Narmada-Tapi dykes’ swarm represent an intrusion in the Deccan Traps. Understanding the relationship among the underlying geological structures, the strike of the dykes, and the channel patterns is essential. Dykes act as obstructions to stream flow, causing diversions, and their geometry and patterns significantly impact the rivers and streams that drain and cross the dyke swarm zone. For this study, Google Earth images, LISS III images, and Cartosat DEM were used to delineate the Shivan basin and extract dyke features. The Shivan River basin is a sixth-order drainage system that reflects superimposed drainage systems within the Tapi dyke swarm zone. About 65% (169 km2) of its area is controlled by dyke orientation. The dyke ridges align predominantly in an East-West (E-W) direction, a pattern mainly followed by lower-order streams, which have developed an insequent, transverse drainage network within the dyke swarm zone. In the lower parts of the Shivan basin, where the number of dykes decreases, the drainage network follows the general slope and is oriented in a North-South direction. The Shivan River and its tributaries have partially adjusted to the dyke orientation, resulting in a transverse drainage pattern in areas characterized by parallel dyke ridges.展开更多
Digital Elevation Model （DEM） is one of the important parameters for soil erosion assessment. Notable uncertainties are observed in this study while using three high resolution open source DEMs. The Revised Universa...Digital Elevation Model （DEM） is one of the important parameters for soil erosion assessment. Notable uncertainties are observed in this study while using three high resolution open source DEMs. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation （RUSLE） model has been applied to analysis the assessment of soil erosion uncertainty using open source DEMs （SRTM, ASTER and CARTOSAT） and their increasing grid space （pixel size） from the actual. The study area is a part of the Narmada river basin in Madhya Pradesh state, which is located in the central part of India and the area covered 20,558 km2. The actual resolution of DEMs is 30 m and their increasing grid spaces are taken as 90, 150, 210, 270 and 330 m for this study. Vertical accuracy of DEMs has been assessed using actual heights of the sample points that have been taken considering planimetric survey based map （toposheet）. Elevations of DEMs are converted to the same vertical datum from WGS 84 to MSL （Mean Sea Level）, before the accuracy assessment and modelling. Results indicate that the accuracy of the SRTM DEM with the RMSE of 13.31, 14.51, and 18.19 m in 30, 150 and 330 m resolution respectively, is better than the ASTER and the CARTOSAT DEMs. When the grid space of the DEMs increases, the accuracy of the elevation and calculated soil erosion decreases. This study presents a potential uncertainty introduced by open source high resolution DEMs in the accuracy of the soil erosion assessment models. The research provides an analysis of errors in selecting DEMs using the original and increased grid space for soil erosion modelling.展开更多
In the present study, detailed investigations have been carried out in Petroleum, Chemicals and Petrochemical Investment Region (PCPIR) area in Vygra and Bharuch Talukas in Bharuch district of Gujarat State. Indian Re...In the present study, detailed investigations have been carried out in Petroleum, Chemicals and Petrochemical Investment Region (PCPIR) area in Vygra and Bharuch Talukas in Bharuch district of Gujarat State. Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS-P6) LISS-III, LISS-IV and CARTOSAT digital data covering PCPIR area in Bharuch district for the period of January & February of 2011, 2012 and 2013 was analyzed for land use/land cover mapping and monitoring the changes in land use. Various thematic land use/land cover maps were prepared and GIS database for various thematic layers have been generated using satellite and ground based information. The results indicate that the major land use in the PCPIR area is agriculture with crop lands ranging from 61 to 63 per cent of the total area. Crop land has decreased from 64.7% during 2011 to 62.7% during 2013 in the PCPIR region. Area under plantations in PCPIR area has also decreased from 5.5% during 2011 to 5.2% during 2012. The industrial area has increased from 6.0% to 7.6% of the total area of the PCPIR region. The total built-up area (industries & village area) has increased from 7.1% during 2011 to 8.7% during 2013. Tree plantations in the area of around 42 ha were carried out by GIDC during 2012 and 2013 to increase the green cover in the PCPIR area.展开更多
Dyke swarms frequently act as natural barriers,obstructing or deflecting stream courses.Streams tend to flow along the outcrop ridges of dykes,resulting in acute junction angles.Dykes serve as structural controls by i...Dyke swarms frequently act as natural barriers,obstructing or deflecting stream courses.Streams tend to flow along the outcrop ridges of dykes,resulting in acute junction angles.Dykes serve as structural controls by influencing the orientation of streams.The relationship between stream junction angles and dyke orientation is a significant factor in stream confluences.Terrain plays a crucial role in directing the river’s flow path and shaping its characteristics.This research paper investigates the impact of dyke orientation on stream junction angles through stream hierarchy analysis.The Rangavali River,a left-bank tributary of the Tapi River,flows for a distance of 45.65 km,crossing 21 East-West(E-W)trending dykes within a 215.95 km2 basin,which forms part of the Deccan Traps.To examine the relationship between dyke orientation and stream junction angles,inputs from Google Earth imagery,LISS III im ages,SOI topographical maps,quadrangle maps,and Cartosat DEM were used to delineate the Rangavali basin and extract dyke features.The Rangavali River basin is a sixth-order drainage system that exhibits a superimposed drainage pattern within the Tapi dyke swarm zone.The prominent linear dyke ridges are predominantly aligned in an East-West direction(average angle N81˚),with a dyke density of 0.51 km/km2.The average junction angle of streams within 100 m upstream and downstream of the dyke ridges is 81˚,compared to an av-erage of 78˚in non-dyke areas.The trend of acute junction angles is attributed to the orientation of the dykes and the distance of streams from the parallel-aligned dyke ridges.This study demonstrates that dyke ridges not only redirect stream flow but also control drainage density and network development.The findings have broader implications for watershed management,flood risk as sessment,infrastructure planning,and groundwater exploration in basaltic terrains and contribute significantly to the understanding of fluvial-structural in teractions in volcanic landscapes.展开更多
文摘High resolution data have high relief displacement in hilly terrains. Development of Digital Elevation model helps to assess bio resources more accurately in such terrains. While estimating bio resources in the Himalayan hilly terrain using multispectral LISS-III data of 23 m spatial resolution, the need for orthorectifcation of satellite data was necessary to correct for spatial distances due to high undulating slopes. Therefore, Cartosat stereo pair based Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was generated using the Rational Polynomial Coefficients (RPC) supplied along with the data products. By using the DEM orthorectification of LISS-III was created. In order to evaluate the positional accuracy of ortho rectified LISS-III Ground control points were selected using the Global Positioning System in differential GPS mode. As there is variation in the spatial distances and height over few points, the GCP corrected DEM was used for ortho rectifcation of Cartosat PAN and LISS-III data. This paper presents the procedure followed for ortho rectification and digital elevation model generation using Cartosat stereo pair data. The result of the study indicated high spatial resolution stereo images helped generation of three dimensional mountainous regions more accurately which helps in estimating the bio resources using multispectral LISS III data.
文摘The objective of the study was to estimate the change detection in a surface area and volume ana- lysis of the lime stone quarry for the year 2006 and 2014 in Mannur, Tirunelveli district, Tamilnadu. Though the mining activities are essential for the cement factory, it depletes the ground water table and causes pollution to the Environment. The Integration of Remote Sensing and GIS are effective for analyzing the impact of quarrying on natural resources. In this study, Cartosat-1 satellite data generated Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for measuring surface area and the volume of Lime stone quarry. Temporal volume change study is essential for the government to restrain the misuse of the natural resources by the private sector. In 2006, the surface area and volume of lime stone excavated by 8 mining quarries was 1,991,759.68 m<sup>2</sup> and 112,398,931.9 m<sup>3</sup> respectively. Meanwhile, the surface area utilized and volume of limestone production by the quarry was increased to 2,881,384.64 m<sup>2</sup> and 156,806,929.9 m<sup>3</sup> respectively during the year<sup> </sup>2014. In these 8 years period, quarry surface area utilization increased by 30% and limestone production increased by 28% was observed. This study is useful for the government to monitor the natural resources restrain to over use by the private sector.
文摘The prominent linear dyke ridges outcropped in the Narmada-Tapi dykes’ swarm represent an intrusion in the Deccan Traps. Understanding the relationship among the underlying geological structures, the strike of the dykes, and the channel patterns is essential. Dykes act as obstructions to stream flow, causing diversions, and their geometry and patterns significantly impact the rivers and streams that drain and cross the dyke swarm zone. For this study, Google Earth images, LISS III images, and Cartosat DEM were used to delineate the Shivan basin and extract dyke features. The Shivan River basin is a sixth-order drainage system that reflects superimposed drainage systems within the Tapi dyke swarm zone. About 65% (169 km2) of its area is controlled by dyke orientation. The dyke ridges align predominantly in an East-West (E-W) direction, a pattern mainly followed by lower-order streams, which have developed an insequent, transverse drainage network within the dyke swarm zone. In the lower parts of the Shivan basin, where the number of dykes decreases, the drainage network follows the general slope and is oriented in a North-South direction. The Shivan River and its tributaries have partially adjusted to the dyke orientation, resulting in a transverse drainage pattern in areas characterized by parallel dyke ridges.
基金the Council of Scientific&Industrial Research (CSIR)
文摘Digital Elevation Model （DEM） is one of the important parameters for soil erosion assessment. Notable uncertainties are observed in this study while using three high resolution open source DEMs. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation （RUSLE） model has been applied to analysis the assessment of soil erosion uncertainty using open source DEMs （SRTM, ASTER and CARTOSAT） and their increasing grid space （pixel size） from the actual. The study area is a part of the Narmada river basin in Madhya Pradesh state, which is located in the central part of India and the area covered 20,558 km2. The actual resolution of DEMs is 30 m and their increasing grid spaces are taken as 90, 150, 210, 270 and 330 m for this study. Vertical accuracy of DEMs has been assessed using actual heights of the sample points that have been taken considering planimetric survey based map （toposheet）. Elevations of DEMs are converted to the same vertical datum from WGS 84 to MSL （Mean Sea Level）, before the accuracy assessment and modelling. Results indicate that the accuracy of the SRTM DEM with the RMSE of 13.31, 14.51, and 18.19 m in 30, 150 and 330 m resolution respectively, is better than the ASTER and the CARTOSAT DEMs. When the grid space of the DEMs increases, the accuracy of the elevation and calculated soil erosion decreases. This study presents a potential uncertainty introduced by open source high resolution DEMs in the accuracy of the soil erosion assessment models. The research provides an analysis of errors in selecting DEMs using the original and increased grid space for soil erosion modelling.
文摘In the present study, detailed investigations have been carried out in Petroleum, Chemicals and Petrochemical Investment Region (PCPIR) area in Vygra and Bharuch Talukas in Bharuch district of Gujarat State. Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS-P6) LISS-III, LISS-IV and CARTOSAT digital data covering PCPIR area in Bharuch district for the period of January & February of 2011, 2012 and 2013 was analyzed for land use/land cover mapping and monitoring the changes in land use. Various thematic land use/land cover maps were prepared and GIS database for various thematic layers have been generated using satellite and ground based information. The results indicate that the major land use in the PCPIR area is agriculture with crop lands ranging from 61 to 63 per cent of the total area. Crop land has decreased from 64.7% during 2011 to 62.7% during 2013 in the PCPIR region. Area under plantations in PCPIR area has also decreased from 5.5% during 2011 to 5.2% during 2012. The industrial area has increased from 6.0% to 7.6% of the total area of the PCPIR region. The total built-up area (industries & village area) has increased from 7.1% during 2011 to 8.7% during 2013. Tree plantations in the area of around 42 ha were carried out by GIDC during 2012 and 2013 to increase the green cover in the PCPIR area.
文摘Dyke swarms frequently act as natural barriers,obstructing or deflecting stream courses.Streams tend to flow along the outcrop ridges of dykes,resulting in acute junction angles.Dykes serve as structural controls by influencing the orientation of streams.The relationship between stream junction angles and dyke orientation is a significant factor in stream confluences.Terrain plays a crucial role in directing the river’s flow path and shaping its characteristics.This research paper investigates the impact of dyke orientation on stream junction angles through stream hierarchy analysis.The Rangavali River,a left-bank tributary of the Tapi River,flows for a distance of 45.65 km,crossing 21 East-West(E-W)trending dykes within a 215.95 km2 basin,which forms part of the Deccan Traps.To examine the relationship between dyke orientation and stream junction angles,inputs from Google Earth imagery,LISS III im ages,SOI topographical maps,quadrangle maps,and Cartosat DEM were used to delineate the Rangavali basin and extract dyke features.The Rangavali River basin is a sixth-order drainage system that exhibits a superimposed drainage pattern within the Tapi dyke swarm zone.The prominent linear dyke ridges are predominantly aligned in an East-West direction(average angle N81˚),with a dyke density of 0.51 km/km2.The average junction angle of streams within 100 m upstream and downstream of the dyke ridges is 81˚,compared to an av-erage of 78˚in non-dyke areas.The trend of acute junction angles is attributed to the orientation of the dykes and the distance of streams from the parallel-aligned dyke ridges.This study demonstrates that dyke ridges not only redirect stream flow but also control drainage density and network development.The findings have broader implications for watershed management,flood risk as sessment,infrastructure planning,and groundwater exploration in basaltic terrains and contribute significantly to the understanding of fluvial-structural in teractions in volcanic landscapes.
