Objective:To investigate the effect of an information-knowledge-attitude-practice(IKAP)nursing intervention on the caregiving capacity of family caregivers of elderly dementia patients.Methods:Sixty-nine family caregi...Objective:To investigate the effect of an information-knowledge-attitude-practice(IKAP)nursing intervention on the caregiving capacity of family caregivers of elderly dementia patients.Methods:Sixty-nine family caregivers of elderly dementia patients attending the neurology outpatient clinic of a hospital between October 2024 and March 2025 were selected.They were randomly divided into a control group(n=35)and an observation group(n=34).The control group received routine health education,while the observation group additionally underwent a systematic Information-Knowledge-Attitude-Practice(IKAP)nursing intervention.Care competence and self-efficacy scores were compared between groups before intervention and after 12 weeks.Results:Pre-intervention,no statistically significant difference existed in care competence or self-efficacy scores between groups(p>0.05).Following the 12-week intervention,all scores significantly increased in both groups,with the observation group demonstrating superior outcomes compared to the control group(p<0.001).Conclusion:The care intervention program based on the IKAP model effectively enhances caregivers’care competence and self-efficacy,thereby positively promoting the quality of life for patients with dementia.展开更多
Objective:To understand the current status and influencing factors of family caregiving for infants and toddlers aged 6–36 months in Tianhe District,Guangzhou City,with the aim of better comprehending the physiologic...Objective:To understand the current status and influencing factors of family caregiving for infants and toddlers aged 6–36 months in Tianhe District,Guangzhou City,with the aim of better comprehending the physiological and psychological needs of infants and toddlers,and assisting families in developing effective intervention measures and support strategies.Methods:In November 2024,a random sample of 311 infants and toddlers aged 6–36 months from the permanent resident population in Tianhe District,Guangzhou City,was selected.Caregivers were surveyed using a questionnaire regarding family caregiving practices for infants and toddlers.The Kruskal-Wallis’s test,Mann-Whitney test,and multiple linear regression analysis were employed to examine the influencing factors of family caregiving for infants and toddlers.Results:The findings indicate that the quality of family caregiving is significantly influenced by the educational level of the parents(p<0.001)and the annual household income(p<0.001).Work-family conflict showed a significant negative correlation with the quality of family caregiving(β=-0.239,p<0.001),while family atmosphere demonstrated a significant positive correlation with the quality of family caregiving(β=0.225,p<0.001).Conclusion:In Tianhe District,Guangzhou City,the quality of infant and toddler caregiving is determined by a combination of key factors,including annual household income,parental educational background,work-family conflict,and family atmosphere.These elements collectively form the core determinants of caregiving practices for infants and toddlers.展开更多
Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness which is associated with significant consequences for both the patients and their relatives. Due to chronicity of the illness, the relatives of patients of schizophrenia have t...Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness which is associated with significant consequences for both the patients and their relatives. Due to chronicity of the illness, the relatives of patients of schizophrenia have to bear the main brunt of the illness. Studies across the world have evaluated various aspects of caregiving and caregivers such as burden, coping, quality of life, social support, expressed emotions, and psychological morbidity. In general the research has looked at caregiving as a negative phenomenon, however, now it is increasingly recognised that caregiving is not only associated with negative consequences only, also experience subjective gains and satisfaction. This review focus on the conceptual issues, instruments available to assess the positive aspects of caregiving and the various correlates of positive aspects of caregiving reported in relation to schizophrenia. The positive aspect of caregiving has been variously measured as positive caregiving experience, caregiving satisfaction, caregiving gains and finding meaning through caregiving scale and positive aspects of caregiving experience. Studies suggests that caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and psychotic disorders experience caregiving gains(in the form of becoming more sensitive to persons with disabilities, clarity about their priorities in life and a greater sense of inner strength), experience good aspects of relationship with the patient, do have personal positive experiences. Some of the studies suggest that those who experience greater negative caregiving experience also do experience positive caregiving experience.展开更多
Distance caregivers(DCGs) are a growing phenomenon in the United States Family members are struggling to provide care to loved ones with chronic illnesses such as cancer,from a distance.Unlike local caregiving researc...Distance caregivers(DCGs) are a growing phenomenon in the United States Family members are struggling to provide care to loved ones with chronic illnesses such as cancer,from a distance.Unlike local caregiving research,distance caregiving research is limited and inconsistent definitions of distance make it difficult to compare studies.To date,DCGs have not been afforded the opportunities for educational and emotional support that local caregivers have received from the health care teams.Because they are not usually present at medical appointments,DCGs do not receive first-hand information from the health care team about the patient's condition,disease progression,and/or treatment options.These caregivers report feeling left out of important family discussions.They experience anxiety related to the uncertainty of the family members' well-being and guilt related to not being available to help local caregivers more.The challenges of distance caregiving are especially evident when the distance caregiver has a parent with advanced cancer.Family-centered care,attending to the needs of the whole family regardless of their geographic location is critical for quality cancer care.In this manuscript,the sparse literature on distance caregiving is reviewed.Recommendations for future research and for the development of creative technologically advanced interventions for this underserved caregiving population are suggested.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias have made a considerable impact on society, and can take a significant toll on familial caregivers. Recent successful caregiving interventions suggest a promising future, tho...Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias have made a considerable impact on society, and can take a significant toll on familial caregivers. Recent successful caregiving interventions suggest a promising future, though informed research design, a priori, is paramount in ensuring quality results that the Government and public may use to make informed policy and personal healthcare decisions. Research designs including basic science, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), qualitative, and quasi-experimental designs serve as the primary basis for discussion with literary examples and caveats.展开更多
Background:As the elderly population grows,the demand for long-term care services is increasing.Despite significant investments in care quality and workforce training,long-term care workers often face challenges such ...Background:As the elderly population grows,the demand for long-term care services is increasing.Despite significant investments in care quality and workforce training,long-term care workers often face challenges such as work fatigue,heavy workloads,and inadequate support.These issues can impact job satisfaction,mental health,and care quality,leading to staff turnover.This study examines how optimism,social support,and psychological resilience relate to caregiving burden,aiming to understand their effects on caregivers’well-being and performance to enhance the quality of long-term care services.Methods:The participants were 542 long-term care workers.Descriptive statistics,t-tests,one-way ANOVA,and hierarchical regression were used for data analysis.Results:(1)Optimism and social support were significantly and positively correlated with psychological resilience and significantly and negatively associated with caregiving burden.(2)Regarding differences in optimism,social support,psychological resilience,and caregiving burden among long-term care workers,females scored significantly higher than males in“social support;”married workers scored significantly higher than unmarried workers in“optimism,”“social support,”and“psychological resilience”;workers aged 45–65 scored significantly higher than those aged 25–45 in“optimism”;workers aged 25–45 scored significantly higher than those aged 45–65 in“caregiving burden”;social workers scored significantly higher than nursing staff in“optimism.”(3)Psychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between social support and caregiving burden concerning explanatory and predictive power.Conclusions:These findings suggest that optimism,social support,and psychological resilience are essential factors in reducing the caregiving burden among long-term care workers.The study highlights the importance of promoting psychological resilience and providing social support to alleviate the burden of caregiving.展开更多
Caregivers are an essential component of any community. Advances in medicalcare have brought about an increasing population which is reliant on care, and communities deal with most of the burdens and practicalities of...Caregivers are an essential component of any community. Advances in medicalcare have brought about an increasing population which is reliant on care, and communities deal with most of the burdens and practicalities of public health issues. In order to provide efficient support services, we need to know the challenges of caregivers so that we can address what types of support they require. The current study examines whether those who have a mental health difficulty and are either engaged in caregiving duties or perceive family burden may be less adherent to their medications in comparison with those who also have a mental health difficulty but do not perceive family burden or perform caregiving. Data used was from the National Comorbidity Study Replication (NCS-R), which examines the mental health profile of the American population. The group examined were those who received the family burden interview, and indicated that they were taking a prescription medication for a mental health difficulty under the supervision of a health professional (N = 489). Zero inflated Poisson regression showed that caregiving/family burden was unrelated to adherence to supervised prescription medicines for mental health difficulties, regardless of the kinship of who was ill, or the nature of their illness (physical versus mental). Adherence to prescription medications for mental health difficulties does not appear to be one of the challenges faced by this group. Findings are discussed in terms of the economic and moral importance of health professionals identifying and understanding the challenges experienced by caregivers/those reporting family burden. This is necessary so that appropriate interventions and support services can be targeted, and further research plays an important role in achieving this objective.展开更多
The chronic stress of caregiving has been associated with increased risk for cognitive decline and dementia. One theoretical model suggests that a group of risk factors known as the metabolic syndrome MET_SYN (e.g., h...The chronic stress of caregiving has been associated with increased risk for cognitive decline and dementia. One theoretical model suggests that a group of risk factors known as the metabolic syndrome MET_SYN (e.g., hypertension, poor glucose regulation, central obesity, and high triglyceride levels) that have demonstrated associations with both stress and cognitive decline, may mediate the association between caregiver stress and cognitive decline. It is also possible that caregiving may moderate the association between MET_SYN and cognitive decline. The present study examined these two potential models. The study sample consisted of 53 caregivers for a relative with dementia and 24 participants who did not have caregiving responsibilities at baseline. We examined associations among caregiving history (yes/no), self-reported decline in cognitive function (the AD8) at follow-up, and a MET_SYN factor comprised of increased systolic blood pressure (SBP), glycosylated hemoglobin concentration (HbA1c), waist circumference, and triglyceride levels at baseline when caregiving was assessed. MET_SYN was associated with AD8 (p = 0.010). Caregiving history was not directly associated with AD8 ratings, however, caregiving did moderate the association between MET_SYN and AD8 (p = 0.043) assessed 8 years later. In caregivers MET_SYN scores reflecting higher risk were associated with scores on the AD8 indicting decline, whereas, in controls MET_SYN was unrelated to AD8 assessment. Thus, it can be concluded that caregiver stress may increase the association between metabolic risk factors and decline in cognitive functioning up to 8 years later.展开更多
Background: The interaction between self-care and caregiving ability in home discharged stroke patients is unclear. Purpose: This study investigates the interaction between caregiving ability and individual self-care ...Background: The interaction between self-care and caregiving ability in home discharged stroke patients is unclear. Purpose: This study investigates the interaction between caregiving ability and individual self-care activities for post-stroke patients upon home discharge based on their motor-Functional Independence Measure (m-FIM) score. Methods: A total of 2626 stroke patients registered in the Japanese Rehabilitation Database were retrospectively analyzed. Extracted data were divided into three groups based on the m-FIM score at discharge and classified into two groups based on their discharge destination (home discharge, non-home discharge). After the data were modified as mean-centered values, a hierarchical multiple regression analysis evaluated the change in variance amount (ΔR<sup>2</sup>) using discharge destination as the dependent variable. Model 1 used two independent variables (Rankin Scale and cognitive FIM score), model 2 used two independent variables (caregiving ability and individual self-care), which were added to model 1, and model 3 used an interaction term value, which was added to model 2. Furthermore, a simple slope analysis was performed for these interaction effects. Results: The ΔR<sup>2</sup> exhibited six and five self-care items in the moderate and mild groups, respectively. The interaction was significant on simple slope analysis in the moderate group for six self-care items (except dressing upper body, toileting, and bowel management) and in the mild group for three self-care items, including dressing upper body, bladder management, and climbing stairs). Conclusion: This study suggests the need for intervention, especially bladder management and single-foot standing ability during step climbing, in stroke patients discharged to home. In addition, caregiving ability is one of the factors that should be considered in mild group.展开更多
This study aimed at investigating the relationship between coping and caregiving satisfaction among informal cancer caregivers in Ugandan referral hospitals. A convenient sample of 436 consenting informal care givers ...This study aimed at investigating the relationship between coping and caregiving satisfaction among informal cancer caregivers in Ugandan referral hospitals. A convenient sample of 436 consenting informal care givers aged 18 years and above were interviewed;a cross-sectional design was used. Because of the difficulty in defining a fixed population for this category of care givers, whoever was found at the bed side meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited into the study. A tri-dimensional coping scale (namely;problem solving, denial and venting) was used to measure coping. After controlling for all the relevant covariates (Patient’s age, sex of care giver, education of caregiver, respondent’s age, respondent’s education level, respondent’s education, respondent’s country of origin, respondent’s religion, stage of cancer, score on burnout scale), the venting aspect of coping had a significant effect on caregiving satisfaction (F = 1.83, P-value = 0.03). The above covariates accounted for 41.3% of the variability in care giving satisfaction scores (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.413). Venting as a coping mechanism had a significant effect on caregiving satisfaction. There is need to pay attention to the coping strategies of informal cancer caregivers to enhance their care giving experience. There is need to help caregivers develop healthy coping methods as they participate in cancer care.展开更多
Population aging presents a growing societal challenge and imposes a heavy burden on the healthcare system in many Asian countries.Given the limited availability of formal long-term care(LTC)facilities and personnel,f...Population aging presents a growing societal challenge and imposes a heavy burden on the healthcare system in many Asian countries.Given the limited availability of formal long-term care(LTC)facilities and personnel,family caregivers play a vital role in providing care for the increasing population of older adults.While awareness of the challenges faced by caregivers is rising,discussions often remain within academic circles,resulting in the lived experiences,well-being,and needs of family caregivers being frequently overlooked.In this review,we identify four key priority areas to advance research,practice,and policy related to family caregivers in Asia:(1)Emphasizing family caregivers as sociocultural navigators in the healthcare system;(2)addressing the mental and physical health needs of family caregivers;(3)recognizing the diverse caregiving experiences across different cultural backgrounds,socioeconomic status,and countries of residence;and(4)strengthening policy support for family caregivers.Our review also identifies deficiencies in institutional LTC and underscores the importance of providing training and empowerment to caregivers.Policymakers,practitioners,and researchers interested in supporting family caregivers should prioritize these key areas to tackle the challenge of population aging in Asian countries.Cross-country knowledge exchange and capacity development are crucial for better serving both the aging population and their caregivers.展开更多
Objectives:This study aimed to validate the Positive Aspects of Caregiving(PAC)scale's psychometric properties among Japanese informal caregivers of people with dementia.Methods:A cross-sectional research design w...Objectives:This study aimed to validate the Positive Aspects of Caregiving(PAC)scale's psychometric properties among Japanese informal caregivers of people with dementia.Methods:A cross-sectional research design was used.Data were collected from the Kinki region of Japan during January 2019 and July 2019.Translation and back-translation were performed to acquire the optimal translation of the PAC scale.In total,194 participants responded to questionnaires that included the Japanese version of the PAC scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS).Reliability was evaluated by examining the internal consistency and test-retest reliability.Exploratory factor analysis with maximum likelihood estimation and oblique rotation was performed to assess the PAC scale structure.Concurrent validity was determined using Pearson's correlation coefficient.Results:The final version of the Japanese version of the PAC scale contained nine items.Exploratory factor analysis revealed two factors(Living an enriched life and Self-usefulness).The Cronbach's α coefficient of the total scale was 0.895,the subscales Cronbach's α coefficient were 0.896 and 0.823.The intraclass correlation coefficient for test-retest reliability was 0.721,indicating acceptable reliability.PAC was significantly correlated to GDS(r=—0.54&P<0.01).Conclusions:This study found that the Japanese version of the PAC scale was a suitable scale to measure PAC among Japanese caregivers of people with dementia.However,the construct differed from the original model.This scale could help health-care professionals understand the degree of caregivers'recognition about dementia care and support those with a low degree of positive aspects of caregiving.展开更多
Objectives:Globally,informal caregivers caring for cancer patients meet challenges within their caregiving role,which significantly influence their quality of life.This qualitative systematic review aimed to analyze h...Objectives:Globally,informal caregivers caring for cancer patients meet challenges within their caregiving role,which significantly influence their quality of life.This qualitative systematic review aimed to analyze how cancer caregiving influence the quality of life of informal caregivers and the management strategies of informal caregivers for their role as cancer caregivers.Methods:Following the enhancing transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research(ENTREQ)statement,Wanfang database,the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),CINAHL,MEDLINE,PubMed,Cochrane Library,PsycARTICLES and PsycINFO,and grey literature in English and Chinese from 1 May 2009 to 31 December 2019 were searched.Quality of included studies was assessed by the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme(2018)Qualitative Checklist and thematic synthesis was conducted.Results:Of the 8,945 studies identified,6 studies met the inclusion criteria.One analytical theme relating to the QoL of informal caregivers following cancer caregiving was identified:"challenges of caregiving".In terms of the management strategies to the role of cancer caregivers,two analytical themes were identified:"self-adjustment"and"seeking for formal and informal support".Conclusions:Cancer caregiving influences informal caregivers'QoL significantly and informal caregivers develop diverse coping strategies to deal with the difficulties occurred while balancing the relationship between their own lives and caregiving.However,professional and policy support remain inadequate for informal caregivers that require the need for improvement in terms of health care professionals and policymakers.展开更多
Objectives:Chronic renal failure affects the physiological,psychological,functional ability,and independent status of the patient,which might result in a burden to the family members caring for them.The objective of t...Objectives:Chronic renal failure affects the physiological,psychological,functional ability,and independent status of the patient,which might result in a burden to the family members caring for them.The objective of the study was to identify caregivers'level of burden and establish the impact of educational intervention programs on caregiving outcomes.Methods:This was a one-group pre-test post-test study conducted between April and August 2017 on family caregivers of hemodialysis patients.A convenient sample of 169 caregivers was used.A sociodemographic questionnaire,the OBCS,and BCOS were utilized for data collection,which occurred at baseline and two weeks post-intervention.The collected data were analyzed using SPSS where t-test determined the impact of the intervention.Results:Caregivers were found to be moderately burdened(M=2.73,SD=0.23)and their lives had changed for the worst as a result of caregiving(M=3.17,SD=5.89).There were significant differences in caregiving outcome scores before and after the intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion:Caring for patients receiving hemodialysis adds extra responsibilities to the caregivers'schedule thus leaving them substantially burdened.Educating caregivers on the required care eased their burden and improved caregiving outcomes.Recommendations are made that healthcare professionals should assess caregiver burden,and address their physical and mental health needs.Caregivers should also be regularly educated on the regular caregiving tasks to ease their burden.展开更多
Aging adults with chronic conditions rely heavily on an informal network of caregivers to remain within their communities of choice. This reliance can take a significant toll on caregivers through the lens of physical...Aging adults with chronic conditions rely heavily on an informal network of caregivers to remain within their communities of choice. This reliance can take a significant toll on caregivers through the lens of physical and psychological problems, financial issues, and social isolation. These variables may then lead to less desirable outcomes for care recipients. This review highlights existing support services in their many forms, including: psychosocial interventions, environmental interventions, respite care, and health information technology as a method of delivery. Given the current trend with informal caregivers assuming increased responsibility in healthcare, programs and services supporting these caregivers must be understood and trialed to ensure that their needs are not overlooked.展开更多
This research, conducted on patients and caregivers, examined the qualitative aspects of their loneliness. Patients were divided into those who were approached before they had surgery, and those post operatively. We c...This research, conducted on patients and caregivers, examined the qualitative aspects of their loneliness. Patients were divided into those who were approached before they had surgery, and those post operatively. We collected information about their tumors, which were either benign or malignant. The patients’ loneliness was compared to their caregivers who were either intimate partners or “others”, i.e. family members and friends. The loneliness questionnaire, has already been extensively utilized in previous studies, and was used to explore the various aspects of loneliness of those groups. Significant differences in subscale scores were found in patients pre and post surgery, with those who have already had surgery scoring higher. Additionally, those who were cared for by a partner scored lower on the loneliness subscales than those attended to by “other”. Interestingly, the only significant difference in the caregiver group was between men and women, in line with the socialization process of the genders, which makes women more open and vocal about their feelings and needs.展开更多
Informal caregivers are a population currently in the shadows of disaster risk reduction(DRR),and yet essential to the provision of healthcare services.This scoping review explored the literature to understand issues ...Informal caregivers are a population currently in the shadows of disaster risk reduction(DRR),and yet essential to the provision of healthcare services.This scoping review explored the literature to understand issues related to informal caregiving and promising practices to support resilience for disasters.Following guidelines for scoping review as outlined by Tricco et al.(2016),relevant publications were identified from five major databases—Medline,Embase,PubMed,Web of Science,and Scopus.Relevant studies referenced informal caregiving and disasters for a variety of population groups including children,people with disabilities or chronic illnesses,and older adults.Studies were excluded if they discussed formal caregiving services(for example,nursing),lacked relevance to disasters,or had insufficient discussion of informal caregiving.Overall,21 articles met the inclusion criteria and were fully analyzed.Five themes were identified:(1)the need for education and training in DRR;(2)stressors around medication and supply issues;(3)factors affecting the decision-making process in a disaster;(4)barriers leading to disaster-related problems;and(5)factors promoting resilience.Recommended areas of strategic action and knowledge gaps are discussed.Many informal caregivers do not feel adequately prepared for disasters.Given the important role of informal caregivers in healthcare provision,preparedness strategies are essential to support community resilience for those requiring personal care support.By understanding and mobilizing assets to support the resilience of informal caregivers,we also support the resilience of the greater healthcare system and the community,in disaster contexts.展开更多
BACKGROUND Family caregivers of cirrhosis patients(CPs)often experience burden,stress,and depression.Investigating whether these conditions improve following the patient undergoing liver transplantation(LT)is crucial,...BACKGROUND Family caregivers of cirrhosis patients(CPs)often experience burden,stress,and depression.Investigating whether these conditions improve following the patient undergoing liver transplantation(LT)is crucial,as it would elucidate the compre-hensive benefits of the procedure and demonstrate the positive impacts not only on the patients but also on their caregivers and society.AIM To compare the levels of burden,stress and depression among family caregivers of cirrhotic and liver transplant patients.METHODS This cross-sectional observational study evaluated caregivers of CPs and LT recipients at a quaternary Brazilian hospital.Instruments included identification cards,interview scripts,the caregiver burden scale Inventory,Lipp’s Stress Symptom Inventory,and the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition.Psychometric analyses involved confirmatory factor analysis and calculation of McDonald’s omega and composite reliability.Factor scores were compared with the Mann-Whitney U test,with effect size as the rank-biserial correlation coefficient(r).Statistical analysis was performed with R software(P<0.05).RESULTS Seventy-seven CP caregivers and 65 LT recipient caregivers were included.Most were female(CP:85.7%vs LT:84.6%)and the patients’spouses(76.6%vs 63.1%).The median age and caregiving duration were 55.4(23.3-76.3)vs 54.6(25.7-82.1)and 3.9(1-20)vs 8(1.5-24)years,respectively(P=0.001).LT caregivers were less likely to be at risk of overload(21.5%vs 49.4%),to be under stress(33.8%vs 36.4%)and to show symptoms of depression(15.4%vs 35.1%).Compared with LT caregivers,CP caregivers had greater median factor scores for burden(general tension,P=0.012;isolation,P=0.014;disappointment,P=0.004),depression(P=0.008),and stress(P=0.047),with small to moderate effect sizes.The disappointment(r=0.240)and depression(r=0.225)dimensions had the largest effect sizes.CONCLUSION Family caregivers of LT recipients are less likely to exhibit symptoms of burden,stress,and depression,suggesting that the benefits of LT extend to the patients’family members.展开更多
BACKGROUND Children with critical acute abdominal conditions often undergo intestinal stoma surgery.AIM To explore the impact of a visual mobile terminal-based extended care model on caregiver competence for children ...BACKGROUND Children with critical acute abdominal conditions often undergo intestinal stoma surgery.AIM To explore the impact of a visual mobile terminal-based extended care model on caregiver competence for children with enterostomies.METHODS One hundred twenty children with enterostomies and their caregivers in a children's hospital in Beijing were divided into a control group and a study group.The control group(60 cases)received traditional telephone follow-up for continuity of care,while the study group(60 cases)used a visualization mobile terminal-based care model.The incidence of stoma-related complications,caregiver burden scale,and competence scores of children with stoma were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The primary caregiver burden score in the study group(37.22±3.17)was significantly lower than that in the control group(80.00±4.47),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Additionally,the caregiving ability score of the study group(172.08±3.49)was significantly higher than that of the control group(117.55±4.28;P<0.05).The total incidence of complications in the study group(11.7%,7/60)was significantly lower compared to the control group(33.3%,20/60;χ2=8.086,P=0.004).CONCLUSION The visual mobile terminal-based care model reduces caregiver burden,improves home care ability,lowers the incidence of complications and readmission rates,and supports successful second-stage reduction surgery for children with enterostomies.展开更多
Mourning and grief are natural responses to loss and can be especially complex and prolonged in the context of end-of-life care.Caregivers play a crucial role in supporting individuals through this difficult journey,o...Mourning and grief are natural responses to loss and can be especially complex and prolonged in the context of end-of-life care.Caregivers play a crucial role in supporting individuals through this difficult journey,often balancing their own grief with the need to provide care.This paper explores the experiences of mourning and grief in hospice settings,with a focus on the emotional challenges faced by both patients and caregivers during the grieving process.Psychological support plays a crucial role at the end of life in a multidisciplinary care approach.By addressing the complex interplay between biological disease and psychological well-being,healthcare professionals can provide more comprehensive and compassionate care.A deep understanding of mourning and elaboration of grief would improve the implementation of suitable support interventions and facilitate collaboration among family members and healthcare teams,ultimately improving the quality of end-of-life care and promoting the well-being of both patients and their families.展开更多
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of an information-knowledge-attitude-practice(IKAP)nursing intervention on the caregiving capacity of family caregivers of elderly dementia patients.Methods:Sixty-nine family caregivers of elderly dementia patients attending the neurology outpatient clinic of a hospital between October 2024 and March 2025 were selected.They were randomly divided into a control group(n=35)and an observation group(n=34).The control group received routine health education,while the observation group additionally underwent a systematic Information-Knowledge-Attitude-Practice(IKAP)nursing intervention.Care competence and self-efficacy scores were compared between groups before intervention and after 12 weeks.Results:Pre-intervention,no statistically significant difference existed in care competence or self-efficacy scores between groups(p>0.05).Following the 12-week intervention,all scores significantly increased in both groups,with the observation group demonstrating superior outcomes compared to the control group(p<0.001).Conclusion:The care intervention program based on the IKAP model effectively enhances caregivers’care competence and self-efficacy,thereby positively promoting the quality of life for patients with dementia.
基金Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program,Guangzhou Xinhua University(Project No.:2413092083)。
文摘Objective:To understand the current status and influencing factors of family caregiving for infants and toddlers aged 6–36 months in Tianhe District,Guangzhou City,with the aim of better comprehending the physiological and psychological needs of infants and toddlers,and assisting families in developing effective intervention measures and support strategies.Methods:In November 2024,a random sample of 311 infants and toddlers aged 6–36 months from the permanent resident population in Tianhe District,Guangzhou City,was selected.Caregivers were surveyed using a questionnaire regarding family caregiving practices for infants and toddlers.The Kruskal-Wallis’s test,Mann-Whitney test,and multiple linear regression analysis were employed to examine the influencing factors of family caregiving for infants and toddlers.Results:The findings indicate that the quality of family caregiving is significantly influenced by the educational level of the parents(p<0.001)and the annual household income(p<0.001).Work-family conflict showed a significant negative correlation with the quality of family caregiving(β=-0.239,p<0.001),while family atmosphere demonstrated a significant positive correlation with the quality of family caregiving(β=0.225,p<0.001).Conclusion:In Tianhe District,Guangzhou City,the quality of infant and toddler caregiving is determined by a combination of key factors,including annual household income,parental educational background,work-family conflict,and family atmosphere.These elements collectively form the core determinants of caregiving practices for infants and toddlers.
文摘Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness which is associated with significant consequences for both the patients and their relatives. Due to chronicity of the illness, the relatives of patients of schizophrenia have to bear the main brunt of the illness. Studies across the world have evaluated various aspects of caregiving and caregivers such as burden, coping, quality of life, social support, expressed emotions, and psychological morbidity. In general the research has looked at caregiving as a negative phenomenon, however, now it is increasingly recognised that caregiving is not only associated with negative consequences only, also experience subjective gains and satisfaction. This review focus on the conceptual issues, instruments available to assess the positive aspects of caregiving and the various correlates of positive aspects of caregiving reported in relation to schizophrenia. The positive aspect of caregiving has been variously measured as positive caregiving experience, caregiving satisfaction, caregiving gains and finding meaning through caregiving scale and positive aspects of caregiving experience. Studies suggests that caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and psychotic disorders experience caregiving gains(in the form of becoming more sensitive to persons with disabilities, clarity about their priorities in life and a greater sense of inner strength), experience good aspects of relationship with the patient, do have personal positive experiences. Some of the studies suggest that those who experience greater negative caregiving experience also do experience positive caregiving experience.
文摘Distance caregivers(DCGs) are a growing phenomenon in the United States Family members are struggling to provide care to loved ones with chronic illnesses such as cancer,from a distance.Unlike local caregiving research,distance caregiving research is limited and inconsistent definitions of distance make it difficult to compare studies.To date,DCGs have not been afforded the opportunities for educational and emotional support that local caregivers have received from the health care teams.Because they are not usually present at medical appointments,DCGs do not receive first-hand information from the health care team about the patient's condition,disease progression,and/or treatment options.These caregivers report feeling left out of important family discussions.They experience anxiety related to the uncertainty of the family members' well-being and guilt related to not being available to help local caregivers more.The challenges of distance caregiving are especially evident when the distance caregiver has a parent with advanced cancer.Family-centered care,attending to the needs of the whole family regardless of their geographic location is critical for quality cancer care.In this manuscript,the sparse literature on distance caregiving is reviewed.Recommendations for future research and for the development of creative technologically advanced interventions for this underserved caregiving population are suggested.
文摘Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias have made a considerable impact on society, and can take a significant toll on familial caregivers. Recent successful caregiving interventions suggest a promising future, though informed research design, a priori, is paramount in ensuring quality results that the Government and public may use to make informed policy and personal healthcare decisions. Research designs including basic science, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), qualitative, and quasi-experimental designs serve as the primary basis for discussion with literary examples and caveats.
文摘Background:As the elderly population grows,the demand for long-term care services is increasing.Despite significant investments in care quality and workforce training,long-term care workers often face challenges such as work fatigue,heavy workloads,and inadequate support.These issues can impact job satisfaction,mental health,and care quality,leading to staff turnover.This study examines how optimism,social support,and psychological resilience relate to caregiving burden,aiming to understand their effects on caregivers’well-being and performance to enhance the quality of long-term care services.Methods:The participants were 542 long-term care workers.Descriptive statistics,t-tests,one-way ANOVA,and hierarchical regression were used for data analysis.Results:(1)Optimism and social support were significantly and positively correlated with psychological resilience and significantly and negatively associated with caregiving burden.(2)Regarding differences in optimism,social support,psychological resilience,and caregiving burden among long-term care workers,females scored significantly higher than males in“social support;”married workers scored significantly higher than unmarried workers in“optimism,”“social support,”and“psychological resilience”;workers aged 45–65 scored significantly higher than those aged 25–45 in“optimism”;workers aged 25–45 scored significantly higher than those aged 45–65 in“caregiving burden”;social workers scored significantly higher than nursing staff in“optimism.”(3)Psychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between social support and caregiving burden concerning explanatory and predictive power.Conclusions:These findings suggest that optimism,social support,and psychological resilience are essential factors in reducing the caregiving burden among long-term care workers.The study highlights the importance of promoting psychological resilience and providing social support to alleviate the burden of caregiving.
文摘Caregivers are an essential component of any community. Advances in medicalcare have brought about an increasing population which is reliant on care, and communities deal with most of the burdens and practicalities of public health issues. In order to provide efficient support services, we need to know the challenges of caregivers so that we can address what types of support they require. The current study examines whether those who have a mental health difficulty and are either engaged in caregiving duties or perceive family burden may be less adherent to their medications in comparison with those who also have a mental health difficulty but do not perceive family burden or perform caregiving. Data used was from the National Comorbidity Study Replication (NCS-R), which examines the mental health profile of the American population. The group examined were those who received the family burden interview, and indicated that they were taking a prescription medication for a mental health difficulty under the supervision of a health professional (N = 489). Zero inflated Poisson regression showed that caregiving/family burden was unrelated to adherence to supervised prescription medicines for mental health difficulties, regardless of the kinship of who was ill, or the nature of their illness (physical versus mental). Adherence to prescription medications for mental health difficulties does not appear to be one of the challenges faced by this group. Findings are discussed in terms of the economic and moral importance of health professionals identifying and understanding the challenges experienced by caregivers/those reporting family burden. This is necessary so that appropriate interventions and support services can be targeted, and further research plays an important role in achieving this objective.
文摘The chronic stress of caregiving has been associated with increased risk for cognitive decline and dementia. One theoretical model suggests that a group of risk factors known as the metabolic syndrome MET_SYN (e.g., hypertension, poor glucose regulation, central obesity, and high triglyceride levels) that have demonstrated associations with both stress and cognitive decline, may mediate the association between caregiver stress and cognitive decline. It is also possible that caregiving may moderate the association between MET_SYN and cognitive decline. The present study examined these two potential models. The study sample consisted of 53 caregivers for a relative with dementia and 24 participants who did not have caregiving responsibilities at baseline. We examined associations among caregiving history (yes/no), self-reported decline in cognitive function (the AD8) at follow-up, and a MET_SYN factor comprised of increased systolic blood pressure (SBP), glycosylated hemoglobin concentration (HbA1c), waist circumference, and triglyceride levels at baseline when caregiving was assessed. MET_SYN was associated with AD8 (p = 0.010). Caregiving history was not directly associated with AD8 ratings, however, caregiving did moderate the association between MET_SYN and AD8 (p = 0.043) assessed 8 years later. In caregivers MET_SYN scores reflecting higher risk were associated with scores on the AD8 indicting decline, whereas, in controls MET_SYN was unrelated to AD8 assessment. Thus, it can be concluded that caregiver stress may increase the association between metabolic risk factors and decline in cognitive functioning up to 8 years later.
文摘Background: The interaction between self-care and caregiving ability in home discharged stroke patients is unclear. Purpose: This study investigates the interaction between caregiving ability and individual self-care activities for post-stroke patients upon home discharge based on their motor-Functional Independence Measure (m-FIM) score. Methods: A total of 2626 stroke patients registered in the Japanese Rehabilitation Database were retrospectively analyzed. Extracted data were divided into three groups based on the m-FIM score at discharge and classified into two groups based on their discharge destination (home discharge, non-home discharge). After the data were modified as mean-centered values, a hierarchical multiple regression analysis evaluated the change in variance amount (ΔR<sup>2</sup>) using discharge destination as the dependent variable. Model 1 used two independent variables (Rankin Scale and cognitive FIM score), model 2 used two independent variables (caregiving ability and individual self-care), which were added to model 1, and model 3 used an interaction term value, which was added to model 2. Furthermore, a simple slope analysis was performed for these interaction effects. Results: The ΔR<sup>2</sup> exhibited six and five self-care items in the moderate and mild groups, respectively. The interaction was significant on simple slope analysis in the moderate group for six self-care items (except dressing upper body, toileting, and bowel management) and in the mild group for three self-care items, including dressing upper body, bladder management, and climbing stairs). Conclusion: This study suggests the need for intervention, especially bladder management and single-foot standing ability during step climbing, in stroke patients discharged to home. In addition, caregiving ability is one of the factors that should be considered in mild group.
文摘This study aimed at investigating the relationship between coping and caregiving satisfaction among informal cancer caregivers in Ugandan referral hospitals. A convenient sample of 436 consenting informal care givers aged 18 years and above were interviewed;a cross-sectional design was used. Because of the difficulty in defining a fixed population for this category of care givers, whoever was found at the bed side meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited into the study. A tri-dimensional coping scale (namely;problem solving, denial and venting) was used to measure coping. After controlling for all the relevant covariates (Patient’s age, sex of care giver, education of caregiver, respondent’s age, respondent’s education level, respondent’s education, respondent’s country of origin, respondent’s religion, stage of cancer, score on burnout scale), the venting aspect of coping had a significant effect on caregiving satisfaction (F = 1.83, P-value = 0.03). The above covariates accounted for 41.3% of the variability in care giving satisfaction scores (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.413). Venting as a coping mechanism had a significant effect on caregiving satisfaction. There is need to pay attention to the coping strategies of informal cancer caregivers to enhance their care giving experience. There is need to help caregivers develop healthy coping methods as they participate in cancer care.
文摘Population aging presents a growing societal challenge and imposes a heavy burden on the healthcare system in many Asian countries.Given the limited availability of formal long-term care(LTC)facilities and personnel,family caregivers play a vital role in providing care for the increasing population of older adults.While awareness of the challenges faced by caregivers is rising,discussions often remain within academic circles,resulting in the lived experiences,well-being,and needs of family caregivers being frequently overlooked.In this review,we identify four key priority areas to advance research,practice,and policy related to family caregivers in Asia:(1)Emphasizing family caregivers as sociocultural navigators in the healthcare system;(2)addressing the mental and physical health needs of family caregivers;(3)recognizing the diverse caregiving experiences across different cultural backgrounds,socioeconomic status,and countries of residence;and(4)strengthening policy support for family caregivers.Our review also identifies deficiencies in institutional LTC and underscores the importance of providing training and empowerment to caregivers.Policymakers,practitioners,and researchers interested in supporting family caregivers should prioritize these key areas to tackle the challenge of population aging in Asian countries.Cross-country knowledge exchange and capacity development are crucial for better serving both the aging population and their caregivers.
基金supported by Kansai University of Nursing and Health Sciences,Japan(grant No.18001)JSPS KAKENHI(grant No.JP18K10628).
文摘Objectives:This study aimed to validate the Positive Aspects of Caregiving(PAC)scale's psychometric properties among Japanese informal caregivers of people with dementia.Methods:A cross-sectional research design was used.Data were collected from the Kinki region of Japan during January 2019 and July 2019.Translation and back-translation were performed to acquire the optimal translation of the PAC scale.In total,194 participants responded to questionnaires that included the Japanese version of the PAC scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS).Reliability was evaluated by examining the internal consistency and test-retest reliability.Exploratory factor analysis with maximum likelihood estimation and oblique rotation was performed to assess the PAC scale structure.Concurrent validity was determined using Pearson's correlation coefficient.Results:The final version of the Japanese version of the PAC scale contained nine items.Exploratory factor analysis revealed two factors(Living an enriched life and Self-usefulness).The Cronbach's α coefficient of the total scale was 0.895,the subscales Cronbach's α coefficient were 0.896 and 0.823.The intraclass correlation coefficient for test-retest reliability was 0.721,indicating acceptable reliability.PAC was significantly correlated to GDS(r=—0.54&P<0.01).Conclusions:This study found that the Japanese version of the PAC scale was a suitable scale to measure PAC among Japanese caregivers of people with dementia.However,the construct differed from the original model.This scale could help health-care professionals understand the degree of caregivers'recognition about dementia care and support those with a low degree of positive aspects of caregiving.
文摘Objectives:Globally,informal caregivers caring for cancer patients meet challenges within their caregiving role,which significantly influence their quality of life.This qualitative systematic review aimed to analyze how cancer caregiving influence the quality of life of informal caregivers and the management strategies of informal caregivers for their role as cancer caregivers.Methods:Following the enhancing transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research(ENTREQ)statement,Wanfang database,the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),CINAHL,MEDLINE,PubMed,Cochrane Library,PsycARTICLES and PsycINFO,and grey literature in English and Chinese from 1 May 2009 to 31 December 2019 were searched.Quality of included studies was assessed by the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme(2018)Qualitative Checklist and thematic synthesis was conducted.Results:Of the 8,945 studies identified,6 studies met the inclusion criteria.One analytical theme relating to the QoL of informal caregivers following cancer caregiving was identified:"challenges of caregiving".In terms of the management strategies to the role of cancer caregivers,two analytical themes were identified:"self-adjustment"and"seeking for formal and informal support".Conclusions:Cancer caregiving influences informal caregivers'QoL significantly and informal caregivers develop diverse coping strategies to deal with the difficulties occurred while balancing the relationship between their own lives and caregiving.However,professional and policy support remain inadequate for informal caregivers that require the need for improvement in terms of health care professionals and policymakers.
文摘Objectives:Chronic renal failure affects the physiological,psychological,functional ability,and independent status of the patient,which might result in a burden to the family members caring for them.The objective of the study was to identify caregivers'level of burden and establish the impact of educational intervention programs on caregiving outcomes.Methods:This was a one-group pre-test post-test study conducted between April and August 2017 on family caregivers of hemodialysis patients.A convenient sample of 169 caregivers was used.A sociodemographic questionnaire,the OBCS,and BCOS were utilized for data collection,which occurred at baseline and two weeks post-intervention.The collected data were analyzed using SPSS where t-test determined the impact of the intervention.Results:Caregivers were found to be moderately burdened(M=2.73,SD=0.23)and their lives had changed for the worst as a result of caregiving(M=3.17,SD=5.89).There were significant differences in caregiving outcome scores before and after the intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion:Caring for patients receiving hemodialysis adds extra responsibilities to the caregivers'schedule thus leaving them substantially burdened.Educating caregivers on the required care eased their burden and improved caregiving outcomes.Recommendations are made that healthcare professionals should assess caregiver burden,and address their physical and mental health needs.Caregivers should also be regularly educated on the regular caregiving tasks to ease their burden.
文摘Aging adults with chronic conditions rely heavily on an informal network of caregivers to remain within their communities of choice. This reliance can take a significant toll on caregivers through the lens of physical and psychological problems, financial issues, and social isolation. These variables may then lead to less desirable outcomes for care recipients. This review highlights existing support services in their many forms, including: psychosocial interventions, environmental interventions, respite care, and health information technology as a method of delivery. Given the current trend with informal caregivers assuming increased responsibility in healthcare, programs and services supporting these caregivers must be understood and trialed to ensure that their needs are not overlooked.
文摘This research, conducted on patients and caregivers, examined the qualitative aspects of their loneliness. Patients were divided into those who were approached before they had surgery, and those post operatively. We collected information about their tumors, which were either benign or malignant. The patients’ loneliness was compared to their caregivers who were either intimate partners or “others”, i.e. family members and friends. The loneliness questionnaire, has already been extensively utilized in previous studies, and was used to explore the various aspects of loneliness of those groups. Significant differences in subscale scores were found in patients pre and post surgery, with those who have already had surgery scoring higher. Additionally, those who were cared for by a partner scored lower on the loneliness subscales than those attended to by “other”. Interestingly, the only significant difference in the caregiver group was between men and women, in line with the socialization process of the genders, which makes women more open and vocal about their feelings and needs.
基金This research was partially funded by the Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation through the Early Researcher Award,awarded to Dr.Tracey O'Sullivan.
文摘Informal caregivers are a population currently in the shadows of disaster risk reduction(DRR),and yet essential to the provision of healthcare services.This scoping review explored the literature to understand issues related to informal caregiving and promising practices to support resilience for disasters.Following guidelines for scoping review as outlined by Tricco et al.(2016),relevant publications were identified from five major databases—Medline,Embase,PubMed,Web of Science,and Scopus.Relevant studies referenced informal caregiving and disasters for a variety of population groups including children,people with disabilities or chronic illnesses,and older adults.Studies were excluded if they discussed formal caregiving services(for example,nursing),lacked relevance to disasters,or had insufficient discussion of informal caregiving.Overall,21 articles met the inclusion criteria and were fully analyzed.Five themes were identified:(1)the need for education and training in DRR;(2)stressors around medication and supply issues;(3)factors affecting the decision-making process in a disaster;(4)barriers leading to disaster-related problems;and(5)factors promoting resilience.Recommended areas of strategic action and knowledge gaps are discussed.Many informal caregivers do not feel adequately prepared for disasters.Given the important role of informal caregivers in healthcare provision,preparedness strategies are essential to support community resilience for those requiring personal care support.By understanding and mobilizing assets to support the resilience of informal caregivers,we also support the resilience of the greater healthcare system and the community,in disaster contexts.
文摘BACKGROUND Family caregivers of cirrhosis patients(CPs)often experience burden,stress,and depression.Investigating whether these conditions improve following the patient undergoing liver transplantation(LT)is crucial,as it would elucidate the compre-hensive benefits of the procedure and demonstrate the positive impacts not only on the patients but also on their caregivers and society.AIM To compare the levels of burden,stress and depression among family caregivers of cirrhotic and liver transplant patients.METHODS This cross-sectional observational study evaluated caregivers of CPs and LT recipients at a quaternary Brazilian hospital.Instruments included identification cards,interview scripts,the caregiver burden scale Inventory,Lipp’s Stress Symptom Inventory,and the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition.Psychometric analyses involved confirmatory factor analysis and calculation of McDonald’s omega and composite reliability.Factor scores were compared with the Mann-Whitney U test,with effect size as the rank-biserial correlation coefficient(r).Statistical analysis was performed with R software(P<0.05).RESULTS Seventy-seven CP caregivers and 65 LT recipient caregivers were included.Most were female(CP:85.7%vs LT:84.6%)and the patients’spouses(76.6%vs 63.1%).The median age and caregiving duration were 55.4(23.3-76.3)vs 54.6(25.7-82.1)and 3.9(1-20)vs 8(1.5-24)years,respectively(P=0.001).LT caregivers were less likely to be at risk of overload(21.5%vs 49.4%),to be under stress(33.8%vs 36.4%)and to show symptoms of depression(15.4%vs 35.1%).Compared with LT caregivers,CP caregivers had greater median factor scores for burden(general tension,P=0.012;isolation,P=0.014;disappointment,P=0.004),depression(P=0.008),and stress(P=0.047),with small to moderate effect sizes.The disappointment(r=0.240)and depression(r=0.225)dimensions had the largest effect sizes.CONCLUSION Family caregivers of LT recipients are less likely to exhibit symptoms of burden,stress,and depression,suggesting that the benefits of LT extend to the patients’family members.
基金Supported by Project of the Health Bureau of the Logistics and Security Department of the Central Military Commission,No.145BHQ090003076XMilitary Family Planning Special Fund,No.21JSZ18.
文摘BACKGROUND Children with critical acute abdominal conditions often undergo intestinal stoma surgery.AIM To explore the impact of a visual mobile terminal-based extended care model on caregiver competence for children with enterostomies.METHODS One hundred twenty children with enterostomies and their caregivers in a children's hospital in Beijing were divided into a control group and a study group.The control group(60 cases)received traditional telephone follow-up for continuity of care,while the study group(60 cases)used a visualization mobile terminal-based care model.The incidence of stoma-related complications,caregiver burden scale,and competence scores of children with stoma were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The primary caregiver burden score in the study group(37.22±3.17)was significantly lower than that in the control group(80.00±4.47),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Additionally,the caregiving ability score of the study group(172.08±3.49)was significantly higher than that of the control group(117.55±4.28;P<0.05).The total incidence of complications in the study group(11.7%,7/60)was significantly lower compared to the control group(33.3%,20/60;χ2=8.086,P=0.004).CONCLUSION The visual mobile terminal-based care model reduces caregiver burden,improves home care ability,lowers the incidence of complications and readmission rates,and supports successful second-stage reduction surgery for children with enterostomies.
文摘Mourning and grief are natural responses to loss and can be especially complex and prolonged in the context of end-of-life care.Caregivers play a crucial role in supporting individuals through this difficult journey,often balancing their own grief with the need to provide care.This paper explores the experiences of mourning and grief in hospice settings,with a focus on the emotional challenges faced by both patients and caregivers during the grieving process.Psychological support plays a crucial role at the end of life in a multidisciplinary care approach.By addressing the complex interplay between biological disease and psychological well-being,healthcare professionals can provide more comprehensive and compassionate care.A deep understanding of mourning and elaboration of grief would improve the implementation of suitable support interventions and facilitate collaboration among family members and healthcare teams,ultimately improving the quality of end-of-life care and promoting the well-being of both patients and their families.
