Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is often accompanied by chronic kidney disease(CKD)and metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes^([1]).The coexistence of these conditions can lead to systemic dysfunction and ...Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is often accompanied by chronic kidney disease(CKD)and metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes^([1]).The coexistence of these conditions can lead to systemic dysfunction and substantially increase adverse cardiovascular outcomes.To describe this interplay,the American Heart Association(AHA)recently proposed the concept of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic(CKM)syndrome^([1]).However,its risk-enhancing factors and underlying mechanisms remain unclear.展开更多
Background:Although light-intensity physical activity(LPA)has been suggested to be associated with a lower risk of mortality,the minimal and optimal volumes of LPA remain unclear.We aimed to examine the minimal and op...Background:Although light-intensity physical activity(LPA)has been suggested to be associated with a lower risk of mortality,the minimal and optimal volumes of LPA remain unclear.We aimed to examine the minimal and optimal volumes of LPA associated with the risks of mortality and disease incidence(i.e.,cardiovascular diseases and cancer).Methods:Data were derived from the population-based UK Biobank cohort study,including 69,492 adults aged 43-78 years.Accelerometermeasured LPA was defined using a validated,published machine learning-based Random Forest activity method,which was categorized into 4 quartile groups.All-cause and cause-specific mortality(cardiovascular disease-and cancer-specific)were determined according to the International Classification of Diseases,10th version codes.Disease incidence was defined based on primary care,hospitalization,or death records.Results:During a median follow-up period of 8.04 years,2024 adults died from all causes,539 from cardiovascular disease,and 1175 from cancer.For all-cause mortality,compared with participants in the lowest quartile of LPA(<3.9 h/day),the hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)were 0.82(95%CI:0.73-0.93)for those with 3.9 to<5.0 h/day,0.75(95%CI:0.66-0.85)for those with 5.0 to<6.1 h/day,and 0.77(95%CI:0.68-0.88)for those with≥6.1 h/day,respectively.There was an inverse non-linear dose-response association between LPA and all-cause mortality,with an optimal dose of 5.72 h/day(95%CI:5.45-6.41;HR=0.63,95%CI:0.56-0.71)and a minimal dose of 3.59 h/day(95%CI:3.53-8.56;HR=0.81,95%CI:0.78-0.86),with the 5th percentile as the reference.Similar patterns were observed for cause-specific mortality and disease incidence(cardiovascular disease and cancer).Conclusion:Engaging in LPA for~3.5 h/day was conservatively associated with lower risk of mortality and disease incidence,with further risk reductions observed up to an optimal dose of~6.0 h/day.These findings suggest that sufficient LPA offers important health benefits,which can inform the development of future PA guidelines.展开更多
Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are driven by intricate and multifactorial pathophysiological mechanisms,presenting substantial challenges for the development of effective therapeutic strategies.Recent studies have highl...Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are driven by intricate and multifactorial pathophysiological mechanisms,presenting substantial challenges for the development of effective therapeutic strategies.Recent studies have highlighted the therapeutic potential of various traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs),which exert vasodilatory,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant effects that may alleviate clinical symptoms and slow CVD progression.Ziziphora clinopodioides,a traditional herbal medicine,contains primarily flavonoids,phenolic acids,and essential oils.These compounds contribute to its pharmacological activities,including inhibition of apoptosis inhibition,inflammation reduction,oxidative stress mitigation,mitochondrial function improvement,and vasodilation promotion,all of which are relevant to CVD treatment.This review comprehensively examines the pathophysiological basis of CVDs,elucidates the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the cardioprotective actions of Ziziphora clinopodioides,and summarizes its emerging clinical applications in cardiovascular therapy.The findings aim to inform future research and promote the rational development of this medicinal plant as a complementary or adjunctive treatment for CVDs.展开更多
Background Recent studies have suggested a potential role of the oral microbiome in the development of cardiovascular diseases.This study aims to investigate the association between oral microbiota and cardiovascular ...Background Recent studies have suggested a potential role of the oral microbiome in the development of cardiovascular diseases.This study aims to investigate the association between oral microbiota and cardiovascular disease risk,including atrial fibrillation,myocardial infarction,chronic heart failure,and hypertension.Methods We analyzed GWAS data from East Asian populations'oral microbiome,involving 2,017 tongue and 1,915 saliva samples from 2,984 individuals with whole-genome sequencing.Additionally,we sourced cardiovascular disease GWAS data from NBDC,including atrial fibrillation(8,180 cases,28,621 controls),myocardial infarction(14,992 cases,146,214 controls),chronic heart failure(10,540 cases,168,186 controls),and systolic blood pressure(145,505 individuals).Results Several oral microbiota taxa were found to be significantly associated with cardiovascular disease outcomes.Specific microbiota,such as Centipeda,Corynebacterium,and Pseudomonas E,were negatively correlated with heart failure.In contrast,taxa like Neisseria D and Actinomyces were associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation and myocardial infarction.Additionally,certain oral microbiota showed correlations with changes in blood pressure,highlighting their potential role in hypertension.Conclusion Our findings suggest that the oral microbiota may influence the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases,providing new insights into the potential impact of oral health on cardiovascular risk.展开更多
Dear Editor,As space exploration transitions from short orbital missions to extended stays on the International Space Station(ISS)and,ultimately,interplanetary travel,astronaut health has emerged as a critical focus.I...Dear Editor,As space exploration transitions from short orbital missions to extended stays on the International Space Station(ISS)and,ultimately,interplanetary travel,astronaut health has emerged as a critical focus.In particular,safeguarding cardiovascular function has become an operational imperative.Yet beyond safeguarding those in orbit,the physiological adaptations observed in microgravity offer a compelling lens through which to examine persistent challenges in terrestrial medicine,from orthostatic intolerance in the elderly to deconditioning in critical care survivors.By studying how the human cardiovascular system functions in the absence of gravity.展开更多
Objective Patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)following percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)are classified as very-high-risk individuals in cardiovascular disease(CVD)risk stratification.The ...Objective Patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)following percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)are classified as very-high-risk individuals in cardiovascular disease(CVD)risk stratification.The distribution pattern of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes in this patient population,as well as its association with blood lipid profiles and clinical prognosis,remains unclear.The present prospective cohort study aims to investigate these correlations,thereby providing insights to enrich the research fields.Methods We enrolled consecutive patients with ASCVD who underwent PCI at the Integrated Cardiology Unit of China-Japan Friendship Hospital between September 1,2020 and December 31,2022.Demographics and clinical characteristics,signs and symptoms defining each TCM syndrome,and fasting venous blood samples were collected at baseline and follow up or upon major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs).We analyzed the correlation between TCM syndromes,blood lipid profiles,and MACEs,and developed a new joint prognostic model incorporating both TCM syndromes and blood lipids using logistic regression.The analyses were based on detailed baseline and one-year follow-up data.Results A per-protocol analysis was performed on 586 patients with complete data ultimately.During the one-year follow-up,174 patients(29.69%)experienced a MACE.We performed statistical analyses on comorbidities,medication,and biochemical indicators across groups defined by TCM syndrome differentiation.When comparing different TCM syndromes,no significant differences were found in age,body mass index(BMI),history of revascularization,comorbidities,family history of CVD,smoking or drinking,or statin intensity(P>0.05).Patients with intertwined phlegm and blood stasis syndrome exhibited significantly higher levels of total cholesterol(TC,5.27±1.18 mmol/L,P<0.001),triglyceride(TG,1.96±1.33 mmol/L,P=0.008),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C,3.35±0.79 mmol/L,P<0.001),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C,1.24±0.81 mmol/L,P<0.001)compared with those with other TCM syndromes combined.A multivariable logistic regression model was constructed to predict MACEs.The model included TCM syndrome type[with intertwined phlegm and blood stasis as a predictor,adjusted odds ratio(OR)=1.413,95%confidence interval(CI):0.517–3.864,P=0.501],age(adjusted OR=0.97,95%CI:0.955–1.001,P=0.057),male gender(adjusted OR=0.698,95%CI:0.416–1.170,P=0.173),TC(adjusted OR=1.004,95%CI:0.513–1.965,P=0.990),and LDL-C(adjusted OR=5.825,95%CI:2.214–15.326,P<0.001).This model demonstrated good discriminatory ability for MACEs in post-PCI ASCVD patients[the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUC)=0.865,95%CI:0.816–0.914].Conclusion The intertwined phlegm and blood stasis TCM syndrome is associated with a distinct atherogenic lipid profile characterized by elevated levels of TC and LDL-C.The prognostic model that incorporates this TCM syndrome type along with conventional lipid parameters(TC and LDL-C)shows good discriminatory ability for predicting MACEs in ASCVD patients after PCI,underscoring the potential clinical utility of integrating TCM syndrome differentiation into CVD risk assessment.展开更多
Neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)have emerged as key mediators of cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),linking innate immune activation to vascular injury,thrombosis,and maladaptive remodeling.This review synthesizes rece...Neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)have emerged as key mediators of cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),linking innate immune activation to vascular injury,thrombosis,and maladaptive remodeling.This review synthesizes recent insights into the molecular and cellular pathways driving NET formation,including post-translational modifications,metabolic reprogramming,inflammasome signaling,and autophagy.It highlights the role of NETs in atherosclerosis,thrombosis,myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury,and hypertension,emphasizing common control points such as peptidylarginine deiminase 4(PAD4)-dependent histone citrullination and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases 2(NOX2)-mediated oxidative stress.Mechanistic interpretation of circulating biomarkers,includingmyeloperoxidase(MPO)-DNA complexes,citrullinated histoneH3,and cell-free DNA,provides a translational bridge between NET biology and patient stratification.Therapeutic strategies targeting NETs are examined through three main approaches:inhibition of NET initiation,enhancement of chromatin clearance,and neutralization of toxic extracellular components,with attention to both established and emerging interventions.In contrast to previous reviews,this study highlights the novelty of a mechano-therapeutic framework by providing a mechanistic roadmap linking NET formation pathways to therapeutic targeting in cardiovascular disease.Moving forward,integrating mechanistic information with biomarker discovery,precision profiling,and targeted therapies offers innovative strategies to reduce vascular inflammation and improve outcomes in cardiovascular disease.展开更多
Cardiovascular damage caused by cancer treatment has become an important cause of death for tumor survivors.With the recognition of cardiovascular diseases and cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity(CTR-CVT)in...Cardiovascular damage caused by cancer treatment has become an important cause of death for tumor survivors.With the recognition of cardiovascular diseases and cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity(CTR-CVT)in tumor patients,noninvasive imaging technologies play pivotal roles in the risk stratification,early diagnosis,monitoring and follow-up for CTR-CVT.In recent years,the field of cardio-oncology has witnessed continual updates in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies,with several pertinent guidelines and expert consensus documents issued in China and abroad.However,there remains a conspicuous absence of systematic guidance documents on the application of imaging techniques in the clinical practice of cardio-oncology.Therefore,the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association Society of Integrative Cardio-oncology,the Ultrasound Branch of the Chinese Medical Association,and the Chinese Society of Echocardiography convened experts to formulate the"Chinese guideline for the clinical application of noninvasive imaging technology in accessing cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity".Building upon the systematic evaluation of guidelines and the latest evidence-based medical research in the field of cardio-oncology domestically and abroad,and in conjunction with data derived from evidence-based medical research in China,this guideline proposes noninvasive imaging examination methods and monitoring strategies for CTR-CVT,aiming to further standardize and guide the clinical practice of multidisciplinary physicians specializing in cardio-oncology in China.展开更多
BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are independent risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease(CVD)and an exaggerated CVD risk is exp...BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are independent risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease(CVD)and an exaggerated CVD risk is expected when both diseases co-exist.Therefore,thorough risk stratification is important to inform better clinical practice decisions based on good quality evidence for patient with MAFLD and T2DM.AIM To identify the CVD and cardiovascular event(CVE)risk in a systematic review when MAFLD and T2DM co-exist to inform better clinical practice decisions.METHODS A systematic review was performed by compiling data by searching PubMed,EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases.Quality appraisal of retrieved studies and the meta-analysis were performed using Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)tool and RevMan 5.4 software respectively.The effect indicators for CVE and CVD risk were expressed as odds ratios(OR)and 95%CI with P-values<0.05 as significant.RESULTS Fourteen(5 cohort and 9 cross-sectional)studies with 370013 participants were included in this review.The metaanalysis of CVE showed that the risk of CVE in T2DM was higher in the MAFLD group when compared to the non-MAFLD group[OR 1.28(95%CI,1.04-1.56)P=0.02]with follow up duration ranging between 5-6 years.The prevalence of CVD in the metanalysis of cross-sectional studies was found to be higher[OR 1.47(95%CI,1.21-1.78)P=0.0001]in T2DM with MAFLD when compared to T2DM without MAFLD.Significant heterogeneity exists due to variations in study design,methodologies,and MAFLD diagnostic criteria,which may have influenced the study's findings.CONCLUSION The presence of MAFLD in T2DM increased the risk of CVE.The prevalence of CVD is higher in T2DM with MAFLD as compared to T2DM without MAFLD.Large well-designed multicentric long-term prospective studies are necessary to appropriately risk stratify the cardiovascular effect of the MAFLD in T2DM patients.展开更多
Due to population aging,urbanization,and increasing prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles,the prevalence of cardiovascular disease(CVD)in China is on the rise.It is estimated that there are 330 million people with CVD,in...Due to population aging,urbanization,and increasing prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles,the prevalence of cardiovascular disease(CVD)in China is on the rise.It is estimated that there are 330 million people with CVD,including 13.00 million cases of stroke and 11.39 million cases of coranary heart disease.CVD remains the leading cause of death,with mortality projected to rise in the following two decades[1,2].Since 2005,the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases(NCCD)has compiled comprehensive reports on CVD to guide prevention and treatment efforts,support government decision-making,and promote international exchange and collaboration.展开更多
Caffeine is a widely consumed stimulant known for its cardiovascular and metabolic effects.However,its impact on cardiovascular risk,including arrhythmias,in older adults remains underexplored.Emerging evidence highli...Caffeine is a widely consumed stimulant known for its cardiovascular and metabolic effects.However,its impact on cardiovascular risk,including arrhythmias,in older adults remains underexplored.Emerging evidence highlights sex-specific differences in caffeine metabolism,which may influence its role in cardiovascular health.This perspective examines the interaction between caffeine,hormonal changes,metabolic processes,and lifestyle factors,focusing on older women compared to men.Understanding these differences is essential for tailoring dietary and clinical recommendations to mitigate cardiovascular risks and promote healthy aging.展开更多
Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory alkaloid that reduces cardiovascular events through its actions on the interleukin(IL)-1β/IL-6/C-reactive protein pathway,which promotes the degradation and rupture of atherosclerot...Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory alkaloid that reduces cardiovascular events through its actions on the interleukin(IL)-1β/IL-6/C-reactive protein pathway,which promotes the degradation and rupture of atherosclerotic plaques.Low-dose colchicine(0.5 mg/day)has been shown to decrease major adverse car-diovascular events(MACE)by 31%among patients with stable atherosclerosis and 23%among those after a recent myocardial infarction.In patients with coronary artery disease(CAD)already taking a statin,colchicine in conjunction with lipid-lowering therapy has additionally been shown to provide a larger benefit with respect to secondary prevention of MACE.The drug is contrain-dicated in patients with renal or hepatic impairment and should be avoided in patients taking strong cytochrome P4503A4 or P-glycoprotein inhibitors.Low-dose colchicine was recently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2023 to reduce the risk of stroke,coronary revascularization,myocardial infarction,and cardiovascular death among patients with athero-sclerotic disease or multiple risk factors.This article focuses on the use of colchicine and its anti-inflammatory effects in preventing MACE among patients with CAD and patients without CAD with multiple risk factors.展开更多
BACKGROUND The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)has been proposed as a potential prognostic marker for mortality outcomes in various conditions,yet its association with chronic hemodialysis(HD)remains underexplored.We ...BACKGROUND The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)has been proposed as a potential prognostic marker for mortality outcomes in various conditions,yet its association with chronic hemodialysis(HD)remains underexplored.We aim to study its utility by conducting a meta-analysis of this specific population.AIM To determine whether elevated NLR is associated with all-cause mortality(ACM)and cardiovascular mortality(CVM)in patients undergoing chronic HD.METHODS A comprehensive search from PubMed,Google Scholar,and Scopus identified studies showing the association between NLR and mortality outcomes in patients with chronic HD.Random-effects models with 95%CIs were employed to pool adjusted hazard ratios(aHRs),odds ratios(ORs),and I²statistics for evaluating the heterogeneity of findings.Leave-one-out sensitivity and meta-regression analyses assessed changes in overall effects and identified confounders,respectively.The Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)tool was used to assess the quality of studies.RESULTS 19 studies comprising 9047 patients with a mean age of 59.5±5.86 years and a mean follow-up duration of 46.7 months were included in our study.Our meta-analysis revealed a significant association between NLR>2.5 and increased risks of ACM(aHR:1.25,95%CI:1.14-1.37,P<0.0001)and CVM(aHR:1.24,95%CI:1.02-1.49,P=0.03).Studies reporting outcomes in OR reported similar findings for ACM(OR:4.59,95%CI:1.74-12.11,P=0.002)and CVM(OR:1.11,95%CI:1.01-1.23,P=0.03).Sensitivity analysis revealed no variations.Meta-regression revealed increasing male proportion is positively associated with ACM.Pooled area under the curve(AUC)was 0.71(95%CI:0.63-0.80,P<0.0001).The JBI tool revealed high-quality studies.CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that elevated NLR may serve as a useful prognostic marker for ACM and CVM in patients on chronic HD and can be useful in planning for the prevention of mortality-related strategies.展开更多
Cardiovascular disease(CVD)represents the foremost cause of mortality globally,imposing a substantial economic burden.In 2021,approximately 19.4 million deaths were attributed to cardiovascular conditions,constituting...Cardiovascular disease(CVD)represents the foremost cause of mortality globally,imposing a substantial economic burden.In 2021,approximately 19.4 million deaths were attributed to cardiovascular conditions,constituting 32%of global mortality[1].Over three-quarters of these fatalities occurred in low and middle-income nations.Notably,ischemic heart disease and stroke were responsible for 84%of CVD-related deaths.Among them,the number of cases of ischemic cardiomyopathy increased by 68%in 2021 compared to 1990(Figure 1A).展开更多
Elevated lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)]is a major independent risk factor for atheroscle-rotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD),with limited response to traditional lipid-lowering therapies.Lepodisiran,a novel N-acetylgalactosami...Elevated lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)]is a major independent risk factor for atheroscle-rotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD),with limited response to traditional lipid-lowering therapies.Lepodisiran,a novel N-acetylgalactosamine-conjugated small interfering RNA,targets hepatic LPA message RNA to reduce apolipoprotein(a)production.Early-phase trials demonstrated>90%sustained Lp(a)reduction with excellent safety and tolerability.The phase 2 ALPACA trial confirmed dura-ble effects lasting up to one year after biannual dosing.Compared to other thera-pies,lepodisiran offers longer duration,high efficacy,and minimal side effects.Ongoing phase 3 studies aim to determine its impact on cardiovascular outcomes,potentially establishing a new standard in precise ASCVD risk management.展开更多
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is a significant yet underappreciated risk factor for cardiovascular disease(CVD),particularly among older adults.The aim of this study was to analyze the global burden of CVD attributab...BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is a significant yet underappreciated risk factor for cardiovascular disease(CVD),particularly among older adults.The aim of this study was to analyze the global burden of CVD attributable to physical inactivity in individuals aged 70 years and older from 1990 to 2021 using the Global Burden of Disease data.METHODS We assessed trends in disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)and deaths,decomposed changes into population growth,aging,and epidemiological factors,and examined health inequalities across sociodemographic index(SDI)regions.RESULTS From 1990 to 2021,a substantial rise in DALYs was observed,especially in low and middle SDI regions,with a 120.06% increase in the low SDI region,but a 23.10% decline in the high SDI region.Decomposition analysis identified population aging and growth as primary drivers for the burden,contributing 66.39% and 83.56% to the increase in middle and low SDI regions,respectively.By contrast,epidemiological improvements alleviated burden in the high SDI region(54.91%).Gender disparities persisted,with women experiencing a higher burden.Inequality analysis indicated a shift in CVD burden towards the low SDI region,with declining concentration indices for DALYs(-0.03 to-0.13)and deaths(-0.07 to-0.15).The Bayesian age-period-cohort projections suggest continued increases in DALYs and deaths through 2050,with women disproportionately affected.CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions promoting physical activity,improving healthcare access,and implementing region-specific prevention strategies.展开更多
BACKGROUND Major adverse cardiovascular(CV)events(MACEs)are the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in kidney transplantation(KT)recipients.The risk for MACEs is impacted by an array of traditional and transplant...BACKGROUND Major adverse cardiovascular(CV)events(MACEs)are the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in kidney transplantation(KT)recipients.The risk for MACEs is impacted by an array of traditional and transplant-related non-traditional CV risk factors.AIM To investigate the association between potential CV risk factors related to KT and MACEs,and their potential modification by hyperuricemia(HU).METHODS The relationship between CV risk factors related to KT and MACEs was examined in a cohort of 545 patients who underwent transplantation between 2008 and 2019.The mean age of patients at KT was 55.0 years±14.2 years(range 15.0–89.0 years).Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to identify risk factors influencing MACEs.To explore the potential effect modification by uric acid(UA),patients were categorized into groups based on UA levels:(1)Low(<356μmol/L);(2)Normal(356–416μmol/L);(3)High(416–475μmol/L);and(4)Very high(>475μmol/L).RESULTS MACEs occurred in 145 of 545(26.6%)KT recipients.The most prevalent comorbidities were hypertension(87%),dyslipidemia(78%),secondary hyperparathyroidism(68%),HU(63%)and anemia(33%).In the multivariate logistic regression model,the most significant factors associated with MACEs were previous CV events[odds ratio(OR)=70.6,95%CI:24.9–200.1],left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH)(OR=12.6,95%CI:2.7–58.3),HU treatment(OR=4.3,95%CI:2.4–7.6),and anemia(OR=5.3,95%CI:2.9–9.8).Effect modification by the presence of HU revealed that independent factors associated with MACEs were age(OR=1.03,95%CI:1.0–1.1),previous CV events(OR=41.7,95%CI:13.6–127.6),LVH(OR=15.3,95%CI:2.0–116.6),HU treatment(OR=2.5,95%CI:1.3–4.6)and anemia(OR=5.4,95%CI:2.8–10.5).Effect modification by UA levels dichotomized at 475μmol/L(very high level of UA)revealed that HU treatment was not associated with MACEs in groups with or without very high UA levels.CONCLUSION A very high level of UA was observed to act as an effect-modifying factor for MACEs,especially when combined with other risk factors such as age,previous CV events,LVH,and anemia.展开更多
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading global cause of mortality,projected to increase by 73.4%from 2025 to 2050 despite declining age-standardized rates.Contemporary interventions,such as percutaneous coronary in...Cardiovascular disease remains the leading global cause of mortality,projected to increase by 73.4%from 2025 to 2050 despite declining age-standardized rates.Contemporary interventions,such as percutaneous coronary intervention and statins,reduce major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)by 25%-30%,yet a 20%five-year MACE risk persists in high-risk cohorts.These approaches,histor-ically focused on luminal stenosis,fail to address systemic atherogenesis drivers like endothelial dysfunction and inflammation.Specifically,dietary linoleic acid restriction(<5 g/day)reduces oxidized low-density lipoprotein by approximately 15%by limiting peroxidation-prone bisallylic bonds,mitigating arterial inflam-mation,a key atherogenic trigger.Enhanced external counterpulsation,through pulsatile shear stress,enhances nitric oxide-mediated coronary perfusion,alle-viating angina in approximately 70%of refractory cases unresponsive to revascu-larization.Nanoparticle-facilitated chelation targets atherosclerotic plaques with precision,reducing calcium content by up to 30%in preclinical models,offering a novel avenue for lesion reversal.These innovations collectively address residual risk by tackling root causes,oxidative stress,endothelial dysfunction,and plaque instability,potentially halving MACE rates with widespread adoption.Despite promising preliminary data,gaps remain in long-term safety and scalability.Robust clinical trials are needed to validate these approaches,which collectively aim to transform cardiovascular disease management by prioritizing prevention and vascular restoration,potentially reducing coronary events to a public health rarity.展开更多
Background Cardiovascular disease(CVD)and frailty are interrelated conditions prevalent in aging populations,yet their dynamic temporal relationship remains underexplored.This study investigates longitudinal changes i...Background Cardiovascular disease(CVD)and frailty are interrelated conditions prevalent in aging populations,yet their dynamic temporal relationship remains underexplored.This study investigates longitudinal changes in frailty trajectories before and after incident CVD across diverse cohorts.Methods Utilizing data from four longitudinal,multinational cohorts(ELSA,HRS,CHARLS,SHARE;n=66,537),we constructed the frailty index(FI)based on age-related health deficits,using 40,40,42,and 44 items from ELSA,HRS,CHARLS and SHARE,respectively.Linear mixed models assessed FI changes pre-and post-CVD,adjusting for demographics,lifestyle,and baseline FI.Sensitivity analyses excluded hypertension,diabetes,and arthritis to mitigate confounding.Results Frailty increased steadily before CVD onset(pre-CVD slope:ELSAβ=0.005,HRSβ=0.005,CHARLSβ=0.012,SHAREβ=0.007;all P<0.001),with an acute FI spike at diagnosis(post-CVD acute change:ELSAβ=0.024,HRSβ=0.031,CHARLSβ=0.046,SHAREβ=0.038;all P<0.001).Post-CVD,frailty progression further accelerated(ELSAβ=0.008,HRSβ=0.005,CHARLSβ=0.017,SHAREβ=0.010;all P<0.001).Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness across age strata and FI definitions.Conclusions This first multinational study demonstrates bidirectional acceleration of frailty around CVD onset,highlighting their close temporal interplay.These findings suggest that incorporating frailty assessment into CVD management may help identify high-risk individuals and support timely,multidimensional care in aging populations.展开更多
Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are the leading cause of global mortality,with chronic inflammation playing an important role in their pathogenesis[1].Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)has been associated with an increased ...Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are the leading cause of global mortality,with chronic inflammation playing an important role in their pathogenesis[1].Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)has been associated with an increased risk of CVDs,including arrhythmias and atherosclerotic disease,potentially mediated by persistent systemic inflammation[2,3].展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(Grant No.7234401)the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China(Grant No.88014Y0226)。
文摘Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is often accompanied by chronic kidney disease(CKD)and metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes^([1]).The coexistence of these conditions can lead to systemic dysfunction and substantially increase adverse cardiovascular outcomes.To describe this interplay,the American Heart Association(AHA)recently proposed the concept of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic(CKM)syndrome^([1]).However,its risk-enhancing factors and underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan:Real-Time Intelligent Active Intervention on Integration of Ten Important Chronic Diseases(2020YFC2003504-2,to BX)。
文摘Background:Although light-intensity physical activity(LPA)has been suggested to be associated with a lower risk of mortality,the minimal and optimal volumes of LPA remain unclear.We aimed to examine the minimal and optimal volumes of LPA associated with the risks of mortality and disease incidence(i.e.,cardiovascular diseases and cancer).Methods:Data were derived from the population-based UK Biobank cohort study,including 69,492 adults aged 43-78 years.Accelerometermeasured LPA was defined using a validated,published machine learning-based Random Forest activity method,which was categorized into 4 quartile groups.All-cause and cause-specific mortality(cardiovascular disease-and cancer-specific)were determined according to the International Classification of Diseases,10th version codes.Disease incidence was defined based on primary care,hospitalization,or death records.Results:During a median follow-up period of 8.04 years,2024 adults died from all causes,539 from cardiovascular disease,and 1175 from cancer.For all-cause mortality,compared with participants in the lowest quartile of LPA(<3.9 h/day),the hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)were 0.82(95%CI:0.73-0.93)for those with 3.9 to<5.0 h/day,0.75(95%CI:0.66-0.85)for those with 5.0 to<6.1 h/day,and 0.77(95%CI:0.68-0.88)for those with≥6.1 h/day,respectively.There was an inverse non-linear dose-response association between LPA and all-cause mortality,with an optimal dose of 5.72 h/day(95%CI:5.45-6.41;HR=0.63,95%CI:0.56-0.71)and a minimal dose of 3.59 h/day(95%CI:3.53-8.56;HR=0.81,95%CI:0.78-0.86),with the 5th percentile as the reference.Similar patterns were observed for cause-specific mortality and disease incidence(cardiovascular disease and cancer).Conclusion:Engaging in LPA for~3.5 h/day was conservatively associated with lower risk of mortality and disease incidence,with further risk reductions observed up to an optimal dose of~6.0 h/day.These findings suggest that sufficient LPA offers important health benefits,which can inform the development of future PA guidelines.
基金supported by Zhejiang Province Health High-level Talent Training Project(No.WJW2022007)2024 National Health Commission Scientific Research Fund Zhejiang Province Health Key Science and Technology Plan Project(No.WKJ-ZJ-2422)+2 种基金The Leading Talent Project for Scientific and Technological Innovation in Xinjiang-Integrated Innovation and Demonstration Research on Kazakh Medicines from the Perspective of the“Belt and Road Initiative”(No.2024TSYCLJ0012)the Based on Neuroinflammation-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier Damage,to Explore the Effect of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam.on PSCI Intervention(No.2026ZL0496)Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education General Scientific Research Project(No.Y202559835).
文摘Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are driven by intricate and multifactorial pathophysiological mechanisms,presenting substantial challenges for the development of effective therapeutic strategies.Recent studies have highlighted the therapeutic potential of various traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs),which exert vasodilatory,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant effects that may alleviate clinical symptoms and slow CVD progression.Ziziphora clinopodioides,a traditional herbal medicine,contains primarily flavonoids,phenolic acids,and essential oils.These compounds contribute to its pharmacological activities,including inhibition of apoptosis inhibition,inflammation reduction,oxidative stress mitigation,mitochondrial function improvement,and vasodilation promotion,all of which are relevant to CVD treatment.This review comprehensively examines the pathophysiological basis of CVDs,elucidates the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the cardioprotective actions of Ziziphora clinopodioides,and summarizes its emerging clinical applications in cardiovascular therapy.The findings aim to inform future research and promote the rational development of this medicinal plant as a complementary or adjunctive treatment for CVDs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82500432)the Heilongjiang Provincial Health Commission Scientific Research Project(Grant No.20240303010111).
文摘Background Recent studies have suggested a potential role of the oral microbiome in the development of cardiovascular diseases.This study aims to investigate the association between oral microbiota and cardiovascular disease risk,including atrial fibrillation,myocardial infarction,chronic heart failure,and hypertension.Methods We analyzed GWAS data from East Asian populations'oral microbiome,involving 2,017 tongue and 1,915 saliva samples from 2,984 individuals with whole-genome sequencing.Additionally,we sourced cardiovascular disease GWAS data from NBDC,including atrial fibrillation(8,180 cases,28,621 controls),myocardial infarction(14,992 cases,146,214 controls),chronic heart failure(10,540 cases,168,186 controls),and systolic blood pressure(145,505 individuals).Results Several oral microbiota taxa were found to be significantly associated with cardiovascular disease outcomes.Specific microbiota,such as Centipeda,Corynebacterium,and Pseudomonas E,were negatively correlated with heart failure.In contrast,taxa like Neisseria D and Actinomyces were associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation and myocardial infarction.Additionally,certain oral microbiota showed correlations with changes in blood pressure,highlighting their potential role in hypertension.Conclusion Our findings suggest that the oral microbiota may influence the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases,providing new insights into the potential impact of oral health on cardiovascular risk.
文摘Dear Editor,As space exploration transitions from short orbital missions to extended stays on the International Space Station(ISS)and,ultimately,interplanetary travel,astronaut health has emerged as a critical focus.In particular,safeguarding cardiovascular function has become an operational imperative.Yet beyond safeguarding those in orbit,the physiological adaptations observed in microgravity offer a compelling lens through which to examine persistent challenges in terrestrial medicine,from orthostatic intolerance in the elderly to deconditioning in critical care survivors.By studying how the human cardiovascular system functions in the absence of gravity.
基金Capital Health Development Scientific Research Project(2020-2-4064)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC2002502).
文摘Objective Patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)following percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)are classified as very-high-risk individuals in cardiovascular disease(CVD)risk stratification.The distribution pattern of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes in this patient population,as well as its association with blood lipid profiles and clinical prognosis,remains unclear.The present prospective cohort study aims to investigate these correlations,thereby providing insights to enrich the research fields.Methods We enrolled consecutive patients with ASCVD who underwent PCI at the Integrated Cardiology Unit of China-Japan Friendship Hospital between September 1,2020 and December 31,2022.Demographics and clinical characteristics,signs and symptoms defining each TCM syndrome,and fasting venous blood samples were collected at baseline and follow up or upon major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs).We analyzed the correlation between TCM syndromes,blood lipid profiles,and MACEs,and developed a new joint prognostic model incorporating both TCM syndromes and blood lipids using logistic regression.The analyses were based on detailed baseline and one-year follow-up data.Results A per-protocol analysis was performed on 586 patients with complete data ultimately.During the one-year follow-up,174 patients(29.69%)experienced a MACE.We performed statistical analyses on comorbidities,medication,and biochemical indicators across groups defined by TCM syndrome differentiation.When comparing different TCM syndromes,no significant differences were found in age,body mass index(BMI),history of revascularization,comorbidities,family history of CVD,smoking or drinking,or statin intensity(P>0.05).Patients with intertwined phlegm and blood stasis syndrome exhibited significantly higher levels of total cholesterol(TC,5.27±1.18 mmol/L,P<0.001),triglyceride(TG,1.96±1.33 mmol/L,P=0.008),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C,3.35±0.79 mmol/L,P<0.001),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C,1.24±0.81 mmol/L,P<0.001)compared with those with other TCM syndromes combined.A multivariable logistic regression model was constructed to predict MACEs.The model included TCM syndrome type[with intertwined phlegm and blood stasis as a predictor,adjusted odds ratio(OR)=1.413,95%confidence interval(CI):0.517–3.864,P=0.501],age(adjusted OR=0.97,95%CI:0.955–1.001,P=0.057),male gender(adjusted OR=0.698,95%CI:0.416–1.170,P=0.173),TC(adjusted OR=1.004,95%CI:0.513–1.965,P=0.990),and LDL-C(adjusted OR=5.825,95%CI:2.214–15.326,P<0.001).This model demonstrated good discriminatory ability for MACEs in post-PCI ASCVD patients[the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUC)=0.865,95%CI:0.816–0.914].Conclusion The intertwined phlegm and blood stasis TCM syndrome is associated with a distinct atherogenic lipid profile characterized by elevated levels of TC and LDL-C.The prognostic model that incorporates this TCM syndrome type along with conventional lipid parameters(TC and LDL-C)shows good discriminatory ability for predicting MACEs in ASCVD patients after PCI,underscoring the potential clinical utility of integrating TCM syndrome differentiation into CVD risk assessment.
文摘Neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)have emerged as key mediators of cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),linking innate immune activation to vascular injury,thrombosis,and maladaptive remodeling.This review synthesizes recent insights into the molecular and cellular pathways driving NET formation,including post-translational modifications,metabolic reprogramming,inflammasome signaling,and autophagy.It highlights the role of NETs in atherosclerosis,thrombosis,myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury,and hypertension,emphasizing common control points such as peptidylarginine deiminase 4(PAD4)-dependent histone citrullination and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases 2(NOX2)-mediated oxidative stress.Mechanistic interpretation of circulating biomarkers,includingmyeloperoxidase(MPO)-DNA complexes,citrullinated histoneH3,and cell-free DNA,provides a translational bridge between NET biology and patient stratification.Therapeutic strategies targeting NETs are examined through three main approaches:inhibition of NET initiation,enhancement of chromatin clearance,and neutralization of toxic extracellular components,with attention to both established and emerging interventions.In contrast to previous reviews,this study highlights the novelty of a mechano-therapeutic framework by providing a mechanistic roadmap linking NET formation pathways to therapeutic targeting in cardiovascular disease.Moving forward,integrating mechanistic information with biomarker discovery,precision profiling,and targeted therapies offers innovative strategies to reduce vascular inflammation and improve outcomes in cardiovascular disease.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC 3602400)Shanghai Municipal Health Commission“Top Priority Research Center”(2023-ZZ02021)+2 种基金Shanghai Public Health Key Discipline Construction Project(GWVI-11.1-26)Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader(21XD1432100)Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(2021SFGC0503)。
文摘Cardiovascular damage caused by cancer treatment has become an important cause of death for tumor survivors.With the recognition of cardiovascular diseases and cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity(CTR-CVT)in tumor patients,noninvasive imaging technologies play pivotal roles in the risk stratification,early diagnosis,monitoring and follow-up for CTR-CVT.In recent years,the field of cardio-oncology has witnessed continual updates in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies,with several pertinent guidelines and expert consensus documents issued in China and abroad.However,there remains a conspicuous absence of systematic guidance documents on the application of imaging techniques in the clinical practice of cardio-oncology.Therefore,the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association Society of Integrative Cardio-oncology,the Ultrasound Branch of the Chinese Medical Association,and the Chinese Society of Echocardiography convened experts to formulate the"Chinese guideline for the clinical application of noninvasive imaging technology in accessing cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity".Building upon the systematic evaluation of guidelines and the latest evidence-based medical research in the field of cardio-oncology domestically and abroad,and in conjunction with data derived from evidence-based medical research in China,this guideline proposes noninvasive imaging examination methods and monitoring strategies for CTR-CVT,aiming to further standardize and guide the clinical practice of multidisciplinary physicians specializing in cardio-oncology in China.
文摘BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are independent risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease(CVD)and an exaggerated CVD risk is expected when both diseases co-exist.Therefore,thorough risk stratification is important to inform better clinical practice decisions based on good quality evidence for patient with MAFLD and T2DM.AIM To identify the CVD and cardiovascular event(CVE)risk in a systematic review when MAFLD and T2DM co-exist to inform better clinical practice decisions.METHODS A systematic review was performed by compiling data by searching PubMed,EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases.Quality appraisal of retrieved studies and the meta-analysis were performed using Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)tool and RevMan 5.4 software respectively.The effect indicators for CVE and CVD risk were expressed as odds ratios(OR)and 95%CI with P-values<0.05 as significant.RESULTS Fourteen(5 cohort and 9 cross-sectional)studies with 370013 participants were included in this review.The metaanalysis of CVE showed that the risk of CVE in T2DM was higher in the MAFLD group when compared to the non-MAFLD group[OR 1.28(95%CI,1.04-1.56)P=0.02]with follow up duration ranging between 5-6 years.The prevalence of CVD in the metanalysis of cross-sectional studies was found to be higher[OR 1.47(95%CI,1.21-1.78)P=0.0001]in T2DM with MAFLD when compared to T2DM without MAFLD.Significant heterogeneity exists due to variations in study design,methodologies,and MAFLD diagnostic criteria,which may have influenced the study's findings.CONCLUSION The presence of MAFLD in T2DM increased the risk of CVE.The prevalence of CVD is higher in T2DM with MAFLD as compared to T2DM without MAFLD.Large well-designed multicentric long-term prospective studies are necessary to appropriately risk stratify the cardiovascular effect of the MAFLD in T2DM patients.
文摘Due to population aging,urbanization,and increasing prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles,the prevalence of cardiovascular disease(CVD)in China is on the rise.It is estimated that there are 330 million people with CVD,including 13.00 million cases of stroke and 11.39 million cases of coranary heart disease.CVD remains the leading cause of death,with mortality projected to rise in the following two decades[1,2].Since 2005,the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases(NCCD)has compiled comprehensive reports on CVD to guide prevention and treatment efforts,support government decision-making,and promote international exchange and collaboration.
文摘Caffeine is a widely consumed stimulant known for its cardiovascular and metabolic effects.However,its impact on cardiovascular risk,including arrhythmias,in older adults remains underexplored.Emerging evidence highlights sex-specific differences in caffeine metabolism,which may influence its role in cardiovascular health.This perspective examines the interaction between caffeine,hormonal changes,metabolic processes,and lifestyle factors,focusing on older women compared to men.Understanding these differences is essential for tailoring dietary and clinical recommendations to mitigate cardiovascular risks and promote healthy aging.
文摘Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory alkaloid that reduces cardiovascular events through its actions on the interleukin(IL)-1β/IL-6/C-reactive protein pathway,which promotes the degradation and rupture of atherosclerotic plaques.Low-dose colchicine(0.5 mg/day)has been shown to decrease major adverse car-diovascular events(MACE)by 31%among patients with stable atherosclerosis and 23%among those after a recent myocardial infarction.In patients with coronary artery disease(CAD)already taking a statin,colchicine in conjunction with lipid-lowering therapy has additionally been shown to provide a larger benefit with respect to secondary prevention of MACE.The drug is contrain-dicated in patients with renal or hepatic impairment and should be avoided in patients taking strong cytochrome P4503A4 or P-glycoprotein inhibitors.Low-dose colchicine was recently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2023 to reduce the risk of stroke,coronary revascularization,myocardial infarction,and cardiovascular death among patients with athero-sclerotic disease or multiple risk factors.This article focuses on the use of colchicine and its anti-inflammatory effects in preventing MACE among patients with CAD and patients without CAD with multiple risk factors.
文摘BACKGROUND The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)has been proposed as a potential prognostic marker for mortality outcomes in various conditions,yet its association with chronic hemodialysis(HD)remains underexplored.We aim to study its utility by conducting a meta-analysis of this specific population.AIM To determine whether elevated NLR is associated with all-cause mortality(ACM)and cardiovascular mortality(CVM)in patients undergoing chronic HD.METHODS A comprehensive search from PubMed,Google Scholar,and Scopus identified studies showing the association between NLR and mortality outcomes in patients with chronic HD.Random-effects models with 95%CIs were employed to pool adjusted hazard ratios(aHRs),odds ratios(ORs),and I²statistics for evaluating the heterogeneity of findings.Leave-one-out sensitivity and meta-regression analyses assessed changes in overall effects and identified confounders,respectively.The Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)tool was used to assess the quality of studies.RESULTS 19 studies comprising 9047 patients with a mean age of 59.5±5.86 years and a mean follow-up duration of 46.7 months were included in our study.Our meta-analysis revealed a significant association between NLR>2.5 and increased risks of ACM(aHR:1.25,95%CI:1.14-1.37,P<0.0001)and CVM(aHR:1.24,95%CI:1.02-1.49,P=0.03).Studies reporting outcomes in OR reported similar findings for ACM(OR:4.59,95%CI:1.74-12.11,P=0.002)and CVM(OR:1.11,95%CI:1.01-1.23,P=0.03).Sensitivity analysis revealed no variations.Meta-regression revealed increasing male proportion is positively associated with ACM.Pooled area under the curve(AUC)was 0.71(95%CI:0.63-0.80,P<0.0001).The JBI tool revealed high-quality studies.CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that elevated NLR may serve as a useful prognostic marker for ACM and CVM in patients on chronic HD and can be useful in planning for the prevention of mortality-related strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82270364)Science and Technology Program of Guizhou Province(No.ZK[2023]321)+3 种基金Guizhou Provincial Youth Science and Technology Talents Growth Project(No.KY[2022]214)Excellent Young Talents Plan of Guizhou Medical University(No.[2023]112)Guizhou Medical University Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Basic and Clinical Research(No.2024001)Start-up Fund of Guizhou Medical University(No.J2021032).
文摘Cardiovascular disease(CVD)represents the foremost cause of mortality globally,imposing a substantial economic burden.In 2021,approximately 19.4 million deaths were attributed to cardiovascular conditions,constituting 32%of global mortality[1].Over three-quarters of these fatalities occurred in low and middle-income nations.Notably,ischemic heart disease and stroke were responsible for 84%of CVD-related deaths.Among them,the number of cases of ischemic cardiomyopathy increased by 68%in 2021 compared to 1990(Figure 1A).
文摘Elevated lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)]is a major independent risk factor for atheroscle-rotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD),with limited response to traditional lipid-lowering therapies.Lepodisiran,a novel N-acetylgalactosamine-conjugated small interfering RNA,targets hepatic LPA message RNA to reduce apolipoprotein(a)production.Early-phase trials demonstrated>90%sustained Lp(a)reduction with excellent safety and tolerability.The phase 2 ALPACA trial confirmed dura-ble effects lasting up to one year after biannual dosing.Compared to other thera-pies,lepodisiran offers longer duration,high efficacy,and minimal side effects.Ongoing phase 3 studies aim to determine its impact on cardiovascular outcomes,potentially establishing a new standard in precise ASCVD risk management.
基金supported by the Jiangsu Commission of Health(LR2022004&LKZ2023005)the Project of Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University for Cultivating Academic Talent(CZXM-GSPRC22)+2 种基金the Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University,Jiangsu Province High-Level Hospital Pairing Assistance Construction Funds(ZDLYG10)the Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University,Jiangsu Province High-Level Hospital Construction Funds(GSP-LCYJFH17)the Nanjing Commission of Health(YKK24257).
文摘BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is a significant yet underappreciated risk factor for cardiovascular disease(CVD),particularly among older adults.The aim of this study was to analyze the global burden of CVD attributable to physical inactivity in individuals aged 70 years and older from 1990 to 2021 using the Global Burden of Disease data.METHODS We assessed trends in disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)and deaths,decomposed changes into population growth,aging,and epidemiological factors,and examined health inequalities across sociodemographic index(SDI)regions.RESULTS From 1990 to 2021,a substantial rise in DALYs was observed,especially in low and middle SDI regions,with a 120.06% increase in the low SDI region,but a 23.10% decline in the high SDI region.Decomposition analysis identified population aging and growth as primary drivers for the burden,contributing 66.39% and 83.56% to the increase in middle and low SDI regions,respectively.By contrast,epidemiological improvements alleviated burden in the high SDI region(54.91%).Gender disparities persisted,with women experiencing a higher burden.Inequality analysis indicated a shift in CVD burden towards the low SDI region,with declining concentration indices for DALYs(-0.03 to-0.13)and deaths(-0.07 to-0.15).The Bayesian age-period-cohort projections suggest continued increases in DALYs and deaths through 2050,with women disproportionately affected.CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions promoting physical activity,improving healthcare access,and implementing region-specific prevention strategies.
文摘BACKGROUND Major adverse cardiovascular(CV)events(MACEs)are the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in kidney transplantation(KT)recipients.The risk for MACEs is impacted by an array of traditional and transplant-related non-traditional CV risk factors.AIM To investigate the association between potential CV risk factors related to KT and MACEs,and their potential modification by hyperuricemia(HU).METHODS The relationship between CV risk factors related to KT and MACEs was examined in a cohort of 545 patients who underwent transplantation between 2008 and 2019.The mean age of patients at KT was 55.0 years±14.2 years(range 15.0–89.0 years).Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to identify risk factors influencing MACEs.To explore the potential effect modification by uric acid(UA),patients were categorized into groups based on UA levels:(1)Low(<356μmol/L);(2)Normal(356–416μmol/L);(3)High(416–475μmol/L);and(4)Very high(>475μmol/L).RESULTS MACEs occurred in 145 of 545(26.6%)KT recipients.The most prevalent comorbidities were hypertension(87%),dyslipidemia(78%),secondary hyperparathyroidism(68%),HU(63%)and anemia(33%).In the multivariate logistic regression model,the most significant factors associated with MACEs were previous CV events[odds ratio(OR)=70.6,95%CI:24.9–200.1],left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH)(OR=12.6,95%CI:2.7–58.3),HU treatment(OR=4.3,95%CI:2.4–7.6),and anemia(OR=5.3,95%CI:2.9–9.8).Effect modification by the presence of HU revealed that independent factors associated with MACEs were age(OR=1.03,95%CI:1.0–1.1),previous CV events(OR=41.7,95%CI:13.6–127.6),LVH(OR=15.3,95%CI:2.0–116.6),HU treatment(OR=2.5,95%CI:1.3–4.6)and anemia(OR=5.4,95%CI:2.8–10.5).Effect modification by UA levels dichotomized at 475μmol/L(very high level of UA)revealed that HU treatment was not associated with MACEs in groups with or without very high UA levels.CONCLUSION A very high level of UA was observed to act as an effect-modifying factor for MACEs,especially when combined with other risk factors such as age,previous CV events,LVH,and anemia.
文摘Cardiovascular disease remains the leading global cause of mortality,projected to increase by 73.4%from 2025 to 2050 despite declining age-standardized rates.Contemporary interventions,such as percutaneous coronary intervention and statins,reduce major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)by 25%-30%,yet a 20%five-year MACE risk persists in high-risk cohorts.These approaches,histor-ically focused on luminal stenosis,fail to address systemic atherogenesis drivers like endothelial dysfunction and inflammation.Specifically,dietary linoleic acid restriction(<5 g/day)reduces oxidized low-density lipoprotein by approximately 15%by limiting peroxidation-prone bisallylic bonds,mitigating arterial inflam-mation,a key atherogenic trigger.Enhanced external counterpulsation,through pulsatile shear stress,enhances nitric oxide-mediated coronary perfusion,alle-viating angina in approximately 70%of refractory cases unresponsive to revascu-larization.Nanoparticle-facilitated chelation targets atherosclerotic plaques with precision,reducing calcium content by up to 30%in preclinical models,offering a novel avenue for lesion reversal.These innovations collectively address residual risk by tackling root causes,oxidative stress,endothelial dysfunction,and plaque instability,potentially halving MACE rates with widespread adoption.Despite promising preliminary data,gaps remain in long-term safety and scalability.Robust clinical trials are needed to validate these approaches,which collectively aim to transform cardiovascular disease management by prioritizing prevention and vascular restoration,potentially reducing coronary events to a public health rarity.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2021QH176)。
文摘Background Cardiovascular disease(CVD)and frailty are interrelated conditions prevalent in aging populations,yet their dynamic temporal relationship remains underexplored.This study investigates longitudinal changes in frailty trajectories before and after incident CVD across diverse cohorts.Methods Utilizing data from four longitudinal,multinational cohorts(ELSA,HRS,CHARLS,SHARE;n=66,537),we constructed the frailty index(FI)based on age-related health deficits,using 40,40,42,and 44 items from ELSA,HRS,CHARLS and SHARE,respectively.Linear mixed models assessed FI changes pre-and post-CVD,adjusting for demographics,lifestyle,and baseline FI.Sensitivity analyses excluded hypertension,diabetes,and arthritis to mitigate confounding.Results Frailty increased steadily before CVD onset(pre-CVD slope:ELSAβ=0.005,HRSβ=0.005,CHARLSβ=0.012,SHAREβ=0.007;all P<0.001),with an acute FI spike at diagnosis(post-CVD acute change:ELSAβ=0.024,HRSβ=0.031,CHARLSβ=0.046,SHAREβ=0.038;all P<0.001).Post-CVD,frailty progression further accelerated(ELSAβ=0.008,HRSβ=0.005,CHARLSβ=0.017,SHAREβ=0.010;all P<0.001).Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness across age strata and FI definitions.Conclusions This first multinational study demonstrates bidirectional acceleration of frailty around CVD onset,highlighting their close temporal interplay.These findings suggest that incorporating frailty assessment into CVD management may help identify high-risk individuals and support timely,multidimensional care in aging populations.
文摘Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are the leading cause of global mortality,with chronic inflammation playing an important role in their pathogenesis[1].Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)has been associated with an increased risk of CVDs,including arrhythmias and atherosclerotic disease,potentially mediated by persistent systemic inflammation[2,3].
