Cardanol-aldehyde condensation polymer containing boron-nitrogen coordinate bond (CFBN) has been synthesized and characterized by IR, XPS, HPLC and DTA-TG. Its properties were also investigated. The results show tha...Cardanol-aldehyde condensation polymer containing boron-nitrogen coordinate bond (CFBN) has been synthesized and characterized by IR, XPS, HPLC and DTA-TG. Its properties were also investigated. The results show that the coating film of CFBN has excellent physico-mechanical properties, good anticorrosive properties and stable at high temperature. (Author abstract) 8 Refs.展开更多
Aromatic-aliphatic polyols were obtained previously from the thiol-ene reactions of propoxylated cardanol with hydroxyalkyl mercaptans;these aromatic-aliphatic polyols were then utilized in the preparation of rigid po...Aromatic-aliphatic polyols were obtained previously from the thiol-ene reactions of propoxylated cardanol with hydroxyalkyl mercaptans;these aromatic-aliphatic polyols were then utilized in the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams with excellent properties.The current work describes a variant of cardanol polyol synthesis by thiol-ene reactions in three steps.The first step is propoxylation of cardanol by reacting cardanol with propylene oxide;the second step is mercaptanization of propoxylated cardanol by reacting double bonds with hydrogen sulfide;and the third step involves the addition of the thiol groups of mercaptanized propoxylated cardanol to the double bonds of allyl alcohol,glycerol-1-allyl ether,and trimethylolpropane allyl ether.Thus,obtained polyols were characterized by standard analytical methods.Rigid polyurethane foams prepared from these polyols show promising physical-mechanical properties.The rigid polyurethane foams can be used for various applications such as thermo-insulation of freezers,storage tanks and pipes for food and chemical industries,wood substitutes and flotation materials.展开更多
Polymers from renewable resources are receiving tremendous attention due to the increasing concerns on the depletion of fossil oils and deteriorated environments.Cardanol,as an abundant and renewable chemical raw mate...Polymers from renewable resources are receiving tremendous attention due to the increasing concerns on the depletion of fossil oils and deteriorated environments.Cardanol,as an abundant and renewable chemical raw material,has been widely used for the production of renewable polymer materials via converting into various of chemical monomers with active functional groups.This comprehensive review deals with various aspects of cardanol as a starting material the preparing various polymer and polymer composites such as benzoxazine resins,phenolic resin,polyurethanes,epoxy resin,vinyl ester polymers,polyamide and cyanate ester resins.The assessment of the future prospects for the use of cardanol to synthesise novel and valuable renewable materials is presented.展开更多
Biobased aromatic-aliphatic polyols were previously synthesized from a thermal thiol-ene reaction of propoxylated cardanol with 2-mercaptoethanol(ME)in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile(AIBN)as a radical initiato...Biobased aromatic-aliphatic polyols were previously synthesized from a thermal thiol-ene reaction of propoxylated cardanol with 2-mercaptoethanol(ME)in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile(AIBN)as a radical initiator.Cardanol used for this purpose was obtained as a dark-brown liquid(Gardner Color Reference^18).The photochemical thiol-ene reaction can also be used to prepare aromatic-aliphatic polyols by employing cardanol.Via the photochemical thiol-ene reaction,2-mercaptoethanol was added successfully to C=C double bond of cardanol,suggesting that phenolic group may not play an inhibitory role in the radical thiol-ene reaction.However,we preferred to alkoxylate the phenolic hydroxyl group of cardanol,which is much more reactive with isocyanates than phenolic hydroxyls,to generate a new aliphatic hydroxyl group.Furthermore,the functionality of polyols was also improved by two methods:1)using 1-thio-glycerol instead of 2-mercaptoethanol and 2)using alkoxylated cardanol with glycidol(Cardanol-GLY)instead of propoxylated cardanol(Cardanol-PO).These polyols were then used in preparation of rigid polyurethane foams that can be useful in various applications such as insulation of freezers,pipes and storage tanks in food and chemical industries.展开更多
In the present research,cardanol based di-acrylic UV oligomer was synthesized by thiol-ene coupling followed by ring opening reaction with glycidyl methacrylate.The intermediate as well as final diacrylate materials w...In the present research,cardanol based di-acrylic UV oligomer was synthesized by thiol-ene coupling followed by ring opening reaction with glycidyl methacrylate.The intermediate as well as final diacrylate materials were analyzed by chemical as well as spectroscopic analysis.Further,ultraviolet(UV)radiation curable formulations were prepared by replacing commercial epoxy acrylate with synthesized UV oligomer in 10-50 wt%and applied on wood panels.The coated films were then evaluated for their optical,mechanical,chemical and thermal properties.Studies showed that up to 30 wt%amount of UVoligomer the coatings exhibited at par mechanical and chemical properties.The stain resistance of all the coatings was observed to be excellent.展开更多
A novel cardanol sulfonate Gemini surfactant with high surface properties was synthesized by cashew phenol, 1,3-dibromopropane and chlorosulfonic acid through three steps procedure of etherification, sulfonation and n...A novel cardanol sulfonate Gemini surfactant with high surface properties was synthesized by cashew phenol, 1,3-dibromopropane and chlorosulfonic acid through three steps procedure of etherification, sulfonation and neutralization. A surface tension method was employed to investigate the thermo-dynamic properties of micellization in aqueous solution for cardanol sulfonate Gemini surfactant synthesized in laboratory. As a result, the micellization of cardanol sulfonate Gemini surfactant in aqueous solutions is spontaneous and entropy-driven. The micellization process is enthalpy-entropy compensated with the compensation temperature (Tc) of 308 ± 1 K.展开更多
Cardanol polyoxyethylene ether is a kind of nonionic surfactants based on natural raw materials, with good surface activity and resistance to hard water. At 25 ℃, the value of critical micelle concentration （CMC） i...Cardanol polyoxyethylene ether is a kind of nonionic surfactants based on natural raw materials, with good surface activity and resistance to hard water. At 25 ℃, the value of critical micelle concentration （CMC） is 6.09×10-6 mol/L, and the lowest surface tension （TcMc） is 38.08 mN/m. Moreover, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether has strong salt tolerance to monovalent inorganic salts; with the increase of concentration of divalent inorganic salt, the surface activity of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether is enhanced. The effect of monohydric alcohol on the surface activity of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether is complex： the ability of BGF-10 to form micelles increases and then decreases with the increase of the concentration of monohydric alcohol, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether has a synergistic effect with anionic, nonionic and cationic surfactants, especially with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB）, and its critical micelle concentration is decreased by 2.52%, while the surface tension is decreased by 11.49%. Test results also show, comparing to nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, the emulsifying and the thickening performances of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether are better, and its foam performance is lower. Also, the cloud point of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether is higher than nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether. In most case, the detergency of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether is better than or equivalent to nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether. cardanol polyoxyethylene ether is an excellent alternative to nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether in detergents.展开更多
Cardanol is a biobased raw material derived from cashew nut shell liquid. In order to extend its utility, new derivatives and additional applications are useful. In this work cardanol was first epoxidized, and a novel...Cardanol is a biobased raw material derived from cashew nut shell liquid. In order to extend its utility, new derivatives and additional applications are useful. In this work cardanol was first epoxidized, and a novel aniline derivative prepared from it under mild reaction conditions with the help of an ionic liquid catalyst. The reaction chemistry was studied by using nuclear magnetic reso- nance. The resulting aminohydrin adduct showed antiox- idant property and should also be a useful synthon for further reactions. As an example, the aminohydrin was shown to undergo a condensation reaction with formalde- hyde to form a prepolymer, which could be further reacted to form thermosetting resins.展开更多
基金This work is supported by the National Science Foundation of China.
文摘Cardanol-aldehyde condensation polymer containing boron-nitrogen coordinate bond (CFBN) has been synthesized and characterized by IR, XPS, HPLC and DTA-TG. Its properties were also investigated. The results show that the coating film of CFBN has excellent physico-mechanical properties, good anticorrosive properties and stable at high temperature. (Author abstract) 8 Refs.
文摘Aromatic-aliphatic polyols were obtained previously from the thiol-ene reactions of propoxylated cardanol with hydroxyalkyl mercaptans;these aromatic-aliphatic polyols were then utilized in the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams with excellent properties.The current work describes a variant of cardanol polyol synthesis by thiol-ene reactions in three steps.The first step is propoxylation of cardanol by reacting cardanol with propylene oxide;the second step is mercaptanization of propoxylated cardanol by reacting double bonds with hydrogen sulfide;and the third step involves the addition of the thiol groups of mercaptanized propoxylated cardanol to the double bonds of allyl alcohol,glycerol-1-allyl ether,and trimethylolpropane allyl ether.Thus,obtained polyols were characterized by standard analytical methods.Rigid polyurethane foams prepared from these polyols show promising physical-mechanical properties.The rigid polyurethane foams can be used for various applications such as thermo-insulation of freezers,storage tanks and pipes for food and chemical industries,wood substitutes and flotation materials.
基金supported by the Open Fund Project of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials(Grants No.JSBEM201907)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31570563)the fund project of Yele Science and Technology Innovation(Grants No.YL201807).
文摘Polymers from renewable resources are receiving tremendous attention due to the increasing concerns on the depletion of fossil oils and deteriorated environments.Cardanol,as an abundant and renewable chemical raw material,has been widely used for the production of renewable polymer materials via converting into various of chemical monomers with active functional groups.This comprehensive review deals with various aspects of cardanol as a starting material the preparing various polymer and polymer composites such as benzoxazine resins,phenolic resin,polyurethanes,epoxy resin,vinyl ester polymers,polyamide and cyanate ester resins.The assessment of the future prospects for the use of cardanol to synthesise novel and valuable renewable materials is presented.
文摘Biobased aromatic-aliphatic polyols were previously synthesized from a thermal thiol-ene reaction of propoxylated cardanol with 2-mercaptoethanol(ME)in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile(AIBN)as a radical initiator.Cardanol used for this purpose was obtained as a dark-brown liquid(Gardner Color Reference^18).The photochemical thiol-ene reaction can also be used to prepare aromatic-aliphatic polyols by employing cardanol.Via the photochemical thiol-ene reaction,2-mercaptoethanol was added successfully to C=C double bond of cardanol,suggesting that phenolic group may not play an inhibitory role in the radical thiol-ene reaction.However,we preferred to alkoxylate the phenolic hydroxyl group of cardanol,which is much more reactive with isocyanates than phenolic hydroxyls,to generate a new aliphatic hydroxyl group.Furthermore,the functionality of polyols was also improved by two methods:1)using 1-thio-glycerol instead of 2-mercaptoethanol and 2)using alkoxylated cardanol with glycidol(Cardanol-GLY)instead of propoxylated cardanol(Cardanol-PO).These polyols were then used in preparation of rigid polyurethane foams that can be useful in various applications such as insulation of freezers,pipes and storage tanks in food and chemical industries.
基金funded by UGC-BSR[F.25-1/2014-15(BSR)/No.F.7-314/2010(BSR)].
文摘In the present research,cardanol based di-acrylic UV oligomer was synthesized by thiol-ene coupling followed by ring opening reaction with glycidyl methacrylate.The intermediate as well as final diacrylate materials were analyzed by chemical as well as spectroscopic analysis.Further,ultraviolet(UV)radiation curable formulations were prepared by replacing commercial epoxy acrylate with synthesized UV oligomer in 10-50 wt%and applied on wood panels.The coated films were then evaluated for their optical,mechanical,chemical and thermal properties.Studies showed that up to 30 wt%amount of UVoligomer the coatings exhibited at par mechanical and chemical properties.The stain resistance of all the coatings was observed to be excellent.
文摘A novel cardanol sulfonate Gemini surfactant with high surface properties was synthesized by cashew phenol, 1,3-dibromopropane and chlorosulfonic acid through three steps procedure of etherification, sulfonation and neutralization. A surface tension method was employed to investigate the thermo-dynamic properties of micellization in aqueous solution for cardanol sulfonate Gemini surfactant synthesized in laboratory. As a result, the micellization of cardanol sulfonate Gemini surfactant in aqueous solutions is spontaneous and entropy-driven. The micellization process is enthalpy-entropy compensated with the compensation temperature (Tc) of 308 ± 1 K.
文摘Cardanol polyoxyethylene ether is a kind of nonionic surfactants based on natural raw materials, with good surface activity and resistance to hard water. At 25 ℃, the value of critical micelle concentration （CMC） is 6.09×10-6 mol/L, and the lowest surface tension （TcMc） is 38.08 mN/m. Moreover, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether has strong salt tolerance to monovalent inorganic salts; with the increase of concentration of divalent inorganic salt, the surface activity of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether is enhanced. The effect of monohydric alcohol on the surface activity of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether is complex： the ability of BGF-10 to form micelles increases and then decreases with the increase of the concentration of monohydric alcohol, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether has a synergistic effect with anionic, nonionic and cationic surfactants, especially with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB）, and its critical micelle concentration is decreased by 2.52%, while the surface tension is decreased by 11.49%. Test results also show, comparing to nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, the emulsifying and the thickening performances of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether are better, and its foam performance is lower. Also, the cloud point of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether is higher than nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether. In most case, the detergency of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether is better than or equivalent to nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether. cardanol polyoxyethylene ether is an excellent alternative to nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether in detergents.
文摘Cardanol is a biobased raw material derived from cashew nut shell liquid. In order to extend its utility, new derivatives and additional applications are useful. In this work cardanol was first epoxidized, and a novel aniline derivative prepared from it under mild reaction conditions with the help of an ionic liquid catalyst. The reaction chemistry was studied by using nuclear magnetic reso- nance. The resulting aminohydrin adduct showed antiox- idant property and should also be a useful synthon for further reactions. As an example, the aminohydrin was shown to undergo a condensation reaction with formalde- hyde to form a prepolymer, which could be further reacted to form thermosetting resins.
