Investigation and analysis of the current status of farmers'livelihood capital and promptly discovering and solving problems in farmers'livelihood development are of great practical significance for optimizing...Investigation and analysis of the current status of farmers'livelihood capital and promptly discovering and solving problems in farmers'livelihood development are of great practical significance for optimizing farmers'livelihood strategies and enhancing farmers'livelihood sustainable development capability.Based on the framework of sustainable livelihood analysis,taking Yangshan County as an example,this paper uses field surveys,questionnaires and interviews to summarize and analyze the current status and characteristics and main problems of local farmers'livelihood capitals on the basis of the data of 628 farmer samples.It proposes countermeasures for future development of farmers'livelihoods.Implementing these strategies will be helpful for improving the livelihoods capital structure of farmers'and enhancing their sustainable development capability.展开更多
Strong provincial capital is an important initiative for underdeveloped regions to realize rapid regional economic development through leading by point,which is related to the overall situation of China's economic...Strong provincial capital is an important initiative for underdeveloped regions to realize rapid regional economic development through leading by point,which is related to the overall situation of China's economic high-quality development.This paper theoretically analyzes the internal mechanism of strong provincial capitals affecting regional innovation efficiency.The study finds that the policy of strong provincial capitals promotes the formation of the resource aggregation effect in the capital cities,attracts talents,technologies,policies,and capital and other factors,improves the efficiency and quality of innovation,and drives the development of neighboring regions.However,over-implementation of the policy will lead to a large number of big enterprises,"which will lead to rent-seeking,waste of resources,crowding out of government subsidies and congestion effects,inhibit innovation,and lead to the loss of innovation factors in peripheral cities,dragging down the innovation level of the whole province.Therefore,the relationship between strong provincial capitals and innovation is an inverted"U"shape,and this study is of great significance for understanding the double-edged sword effect of strong provincial capitals and formulating scientific regional innovation policies.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to study the characteristics of urban air pollution on the basis of correspondence analysis.[Method] By using the correlated data from China Statistical Yearbook in 2010,a correspondence analys...[Objective] The aim was to study the characteristics of urban air pollution on the basis of correspondence analysis.[Method] By using the correlated data from China Statistical Yearbook in 2010,a correspondence analysis on the air pollution indicators(like respirable particles,SO2 and NO2) of six provincial capitals in central-south China was carried out by means of SPSS software,and the characteristics of air pollution in the cities of China during different industrialization stages were summarized further.[Result] In the cities during early industrialization(like Nanning City and Guiyang City) and mineral resource-based cities(like Taiyuan City),the air was mainly polluted by SO2;for the cities in the middle industrialization(such as Changsha City,Wuhan City,Zhengzhou City and Chengdu City),the air was polluted by respirable particles chiefly;in the cities in late industrialization(like Guangzhou City and Shenzhen City) or completing industrialization(like Shanghai City),the air was mainly polluted by NO2;for the cities in pre-industrial stage(like Haikou City and Lhasa City),the characteristic of air pollution wasn’t obvious.[Conclusion] The study could provide references for the control of urban air pollution in China in the further.展开更多
Agriculture is related to the strategy and security of a country. Every country is very discreet about access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field. Countries along the " Belt and Road" also have imp...Agriculture is related to the strategy and security of a country. Every country is very discreet about access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field. Countries along the " Belt and Road" also have imposed restrictions on the access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field.There are restrictions on establishing agriculture-related enterprises,affiliated organizations,and branch offices. Also,there are regulations concerning the scope,proportion,performance requirement,and approval of access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field.展开更多
Accurate measurement of urban sprawl is vital for urban planning and management.Urban planning-induced internal structure complexity affects the extent of urban sprawl.In addition,urban sprawl is closely linked to eco...Accurate measurement of urban sprawl is vital for urban planning and management.Urban planning-induced internal structure complexity affects the extent of urban sprawl.In addition,urban sprawl is closely linked to economic development.The study attempts to explore the impact of urban sprawl from an economic-dominated perspective.Thus a City-Ring road-County(CRC)scale framework based on top-down administrative divisions for urban sprawl measurement is proposed:1)the single-index measurement based on economic activity is applied to calculate urban sprawl;2)the spatiotemporal pattern of urban sprawl is investigated through a case study in 31 economy-dominated provincial capital cities across China from 2005 to 2015;3)the impact of economy and land on urban sprawl is explored using correlation analysis.The results indicate that the degree of urban sprawl at the city scale shows an“inverted U-shaped”curve from 2005 to 2015,which represents that the phenomenon of urban sprawl was most severe in 2010.It finds that urban sprawl was more severe in the east and central regions relative to the provincial capitals in the western region,with the situation being most severe in the northeast region.Regions that have been transformed from suburban to urban built-up areas need to be given priority attention by the local government,including population movement,land layout,and fiscal policy,to meet the criteria of the urbanization process.Through correlation analysis,we also found that urban sprawl was influenced by the industry structure and the form of built-up area.The outcome of the study suggests that the data scale is sufficiently small in granularity to provide geographic boundaries for systematic analysis of urban sprawl in multiple administrative regions.Thus,the study helps provide a reference for differential planning policy formulation by governments at diverse economic levels.展开更多
The topic can be summarized in three interconnected aspects; historical starting point, contemporary vision, and world insight. The historical starting point requires the study of ancient Chinese capitals to abide by ...The topic can be summarized in three interconnected aspects; historical starting point, contemporary vision, and world insight. The historical starting point requires the study of ancient Chinese capitals to abide by rigid academic principles and must be based on historical facts. Contemporary vision refers to the obligation to contribute to contemporary society and civilization through ancient Chinese capital research. World insight expresses our need of an integral and systematic concept to correctly assess the historical status and role of ancient Chinese capitals in the larger context to unveil the unique cultural values and historical significance of ancient capitals across China. Chengdu is an ideal case for us to explore new research approaches from the above three aspects.展开更多
"Three Cities and Three Capitals"is a city brand that Chengdu has been vigorously building.Based on the analysis of the brand construction background,the brand building of Jiezi Ancient Town,and the problems..."Three Cities and Three Capitals"is a city brand that Chengdu has been vigorously building.Based on the analysis of the brand construction background,the brand building of Jiezi Ancient Town,and the problems existing in the current brand building of Jiezi Ancient Town,this paper puts forward suggestions,including reconstruction of cultural resources,building an industrial framework,and giving full play to the role of market entities,so as to provide guidance for the cultivation of the brand characteristics in the ancient town and better shape the city brand of"Three Cities and Three Capitals"in Chengdu.展开更多
Adam Smith has two principles: laissez faire and absolute advantage theory. This study has 3rd dimension forwealth of nations. It is intellectual capital. Because intellectual capitals increase GDP of nations, and cre...Adam Smith has two principles: laissez faire and absolute advantage theory. This study has 3rd dimension forwealth of nations. It is intellectual capital. Because intellectual capitals increase GDP of nations, and create wealthfor nations. ICs have accumulated knowledge, and ICs make innovations for company via this knowledge. Forexample, American economy has full of ICs, corporate CEOs. CEOs make country rich. CEOs are intellectualcapital. For example, Steve Jobs created smart phone, and Apple becomes no.1 in markets. Therefore, ICs(corporate CEOs) make a country richer. Intellectual capital is related with human resource management. Therefore,a country make investment to human resource management to create wealth of nations and intellectual capitals.展开更多
Mathematical modeling of precipitation is an important step to understand the precipitation patterns, and paves the way to possibly predict the precipitation. In this study, we attempt to use the random walk model to ...Mathematical modeling of precipitation is an important step to understand the precipitation patterns, and paves the way to possibly predict the precipitation. In this study, we attempt to use the random walk model to fit the annual precipitation in 49 European capitals from 1901 to 1998. At first, we used the simplest random walk model to fit the precipitation walk, which is the conversion of recorded precipitations into ±1 format, and then we used a more complex random walk model to fit the recorded precipi-tations. The results show that the random walk models can fit both precipitation walk and re-corded precipitation. Thus this study provides a model to describe the precipitation patterns during this period in these cities.展开更多
Imperial city and outer city are the most important differentiation of the spatial structure of ancient Chinese capitals.The relationship between city and Guo changed from the original spatial structure mode of "...Imperial city and outer city are the most important differentiation of the spatial structure of ancient Chinese capitals.The relationship between city and Guo changed from the original spatial structure mode of "respecting the west" and "sitting in the west and facing the east" to the spatial structure mode of "sitting in the north and facing the south" and the three outer cities in the east,south and west surrounding the imperial city after the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties,and gradually changed from the original "multi palace" system to the "single palace" system.Finally,a "heavy city" capital spatial structure with the outer city around the imperial city and the imperial city around the palace city,and the central axis of the chessboard format was formed.During the Tang and Song Dynasties,it was a period of great change in the history of feudal society in China.Through the investigation of the evolution characteristics of the spatial form of capital cities in the Tang and Song Dynasties,the track of the transformation of social ideology,political system,economic structure and many other fields in the Tang and Song Dynasties was made clear.展开更多
Profile of Prof.Ning-Li Wang Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering(CAE)Member of the International Academy of Ophthalmology Director,Ophthalmology Center,Beijing Tongren Hospital Dean,School of Ophthalmolo...Profile of Prof.Ning-Li Wang Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering(CAE)Member of the International Academy of Ophthalmology Director,Ophthalmology Center,Beijing Tongren Hospital Dean,School of Ophthalmology,Capital Medical University Director,National Engineering Research Center for Ophthalmic Diagnosis and Treatment National Distinguished Physician Member,Academic Advisory Committee.展开更多
IT was in the golden autumn in Beijing, when the sky was high and the air clear, that I hurried to Zhongshan Park to witness the display of the songs and dances of the seven Chinese ancient capitals. The flower beds a...IT was in the golden autumn in Beijing, when the sky was high and the air clear, that I hurried to Zhongshan Park to witness the display of the songs and dances of the seven Chinese ancient capitals. The flower beds arranged for the celebration of National Day were still there and the colorful blooms looked especially bright in the sunshine. The seven cities which have served as capitals in Chinese history are Beijing,展开更多
The grassroots can become an online influencer with the help of social media.Similarly,an online influencer mode is applicable in the architecture field.This study introduces the term"influential online architect...The grassroots can become an online influencer with the help of social media.Similarly,an online influencer mode is applicable in the architecture field.This study introduces the term"influential online architecture"(IOA)and aims to understand the cause and promotion of the IOA phenomenon and its impact on architecture.This research also introduces Bour-dieu’s four forms of capital,namely,economic,cultural,social,and symbolic capitals,as a framework to argue that IOA is promoted by capitals through visual spectacles,class divisions,national identity,and social recognition.The methodology of this research uses case studies and logical argumentation through presentation and analysis of photos,statistical data,and comments from journals,books,news,and social platforms.The current study concludes that the online influencer mode in architecture should be concerned because the overemphasis on capitals through the production of IOA may erode the design field.This research argues that a well-established architecture criticism and post-occupancy evaluation system and a rational online influencer mode would contribute to the development of the design domain.展开更多
Zhengzhou,located at the eastern foot of Mount Song and along the banks of the Yel low River,sits at the heart of China.It is the capital of Henan Province and one of China’s eight great ancient capitals.Historically...Zhengzhou,located at the eastern foot of Mount Song and along the banks of the Yel low River,sits at the heart of China.It is the capital of Henan Province and one of China’s eight great ancient capitals.Historically known as the“Center of Heaven and Earth”,it is now praised as the“Green City”As a national central city expl icit ly suppor ted by the Chinese government and a core growth pole for high-quality regional development.展开更多
This October,I had the opportunity to attend the 6th International Ancient Capitals Forum in Luoyang,central China’s Henan Province.The event gathered diplomats,government officials,scholars,and journalists from more...This October,I had the opportunity to attend the 6th International Ancient Capitals Forum in Luoyang,central China’s Henan Province.The event gathered diplomats,government officials,scholars,and journalists from more than 30 countries.For me,the three days in Luoyang were not just a professional experience-they became a memorable cultural journey that helped me explore the heritage of both China and my own country,Myanmar.展开更多
This paper investigates ruin,capital injection,and dividends for a two-dimensional risk model.The model posits that surplus levels of insurance companies are governed by a perturbed composite Poisson risk model.This m...This paper investigates ruin,capital injection,and dividends for a two-dimensional risk model.The model posits that surplus levels of insurance companies are governed by a perturbed composite Poisson risk model.This model introduces a dependence between the two surplus levels,present in both the associated perturbations and the claims resulting from common shocks.Critical levels of capital injection and dividends are established for each of the two risks.The surplus levels are observed discretely at fixed intervals,guiding decisions on capital injection,dividends,and ruin at these junctures.This study employs a two-dimensional Fourier cosine series expansion method to approximate the finite time expected discounted operating cost until ruin.The ensuing approximation error is also quantified.The validity and accuracy of the method are corroborated through numerical examples.Furthermore,the research delves into the optimal capital allocation problem.展开更多
Based on the current status of educational inequality between urban and rural areas in China,this study transcends the traditional resource-centered perspective to examine the latent roles of cultural and social capit...Based on the current status of educational inequality between urban and rural areas in China,this study transcends the traditional resource-centered perspective to examine the latent roles of cultural and social capital in the distribution of educational opportunities.The research finds that institutional arrangements,family cultural accumulation,social networks,and digital literacy collectively constitute the latent structure of urban-rural educational inequality,determining the access to and conversion efficiency of educational opportunities.Cultural capital influences students’educational adaptability through cognitive abilities,learning habits,and the accumulation of educational resources,while social capital expands educational opportunities through information access and social support.Their interaction exacerbates urban-rural disparities.The study further suggests that achieving educational equity requires a multidimensional coordinated strategy encompassing institutional restructuring,cultural empowerment,social capital development,and digital empowerment,providing both theoretical guidance and practical pathways for policy formulation and educational practice.展开更多
基金Supported by Guangdong Province Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project(GD24CGL18&GD23CGL02).
文摘Investigation and analysis of the current status of farmers'livelihood capital and promptly discovering and solving problems in farmers'livelihood development are of great practical significance for optimizing farmers'livelihood strategies and enhancing farmers'livelihood sustainable development capability.Based on the framework of sustainable livelihood analysis,taking Yangshan County as an example,this paper uses field surveys,questionnaires and interviews to summarize and analyze the current status and characteristics and main problems of local farmers'livelihood capitals on the basis of the data of 628 farmer samples.It proposes countermeasures for future development of farmers'livelihoods.Implementing these strategies will be helpful for improving the livelihoods capital structure of farmers'and enhancing their sustainable development capability.
文摘Strong provincial capital is an important initiative for underdeveloped regions to realize rapid regional economic development through leading by point,which is related to the overall situation of China's economic high-quality development.This paper theoretically analyzes the internal mechanism of strong provincial capitals affecting regional innovation efficiency.The study finds that the policy of strong provincial capitals promotes the formation of the resource aggregation effect in the capital cities,attracts talents,technologies,policies,and capital and other factors,improves the efficiency and quality of innovation,and drives the development of neighboring regions.However,over-implementation of the policy will lead to a large number of big enterprises,"which will lead to rent-seeking,waste of resources,crowding out of government subsidies and congestion effects,inhibit innovation,and lead to the loss of innovation factors in peripheral cities,dragging down the innovation level of the whole province.Therefore,the relationship between strong provincial capitals and innovation is an inverted"U"shape,and this study is of great significance for understanding the double-edged sword effect of strong provincial capitals and formulating scientific regional innovation policies.
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the characteristics of urban air pollution on the basis of correspondence analysis.[Method] By using the correlated data from China Statistical Yearbook in 2010,a correspondence analysis on the air pollution indicators(like respirable particles,SO2 and NO2) of six provincial capitals in central-south China was carried out by means of SPSS software,and the characteristics of air pollution in the cities of China during different industrialization stages were summarized further.[Result] In the cities during early industrialization(like Nanning City and Guiyang City) and mineral resource-based cities(like Taiyuan City),the air was mainly polluted by SO2;for the cities in the middle industrialization(such as Changsha City,Wuhan City,Zhengzhou City and Chengdu City),the air was polluted by respirable particles chiefly;in the cities in late industrialization(like Guangzhou City and Shenzhen City) or completing industrialization(like Shanghai City),the air was mainly polluted by NO2;for the cities in pre-industrial stage(like Haikou City and Lhasa City),the characteristic of air pollution wasn’t obvious.[Conclusion] The study could provide references for the control of urban air pollution in China in the further.
基金Supported by Young Scholar Project of Humanities and Social Science Foundation of Ministry of Education(17YJC820044)Social Science Planning PhD Project of Chongqing(2017BS39)
文摘Agriculture is related to the strategy and security of a country. Every country is very discreet about access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field. Countries along the " Belt and Road" also have imposed restrictions on the access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field.There are restrictions on establishing agriculture-related enterprises,affiliated organizations,and branch offices. Also,there are regulations concerning the scope,proportion,performance requirement,and approval of access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 42271413]the Key Lab of Spatial Data Mining&Information Sharing of Ministry of Education[grant number 2022LSDMIS09]+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 41971356]the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation,Ministry of Natural Resources[grant number KF-2022-07-001].
文摘Accurate measurement of urban sprawl is vital for urban planning and management.Urban planning-induced internal structure complexity affects the extent of urban sprawl.In addition,urban sprawl is closely linked to economic development.The study attempts to explore the impact of urban sprawl from an economic-dominated perspective.Thus a City-Ring road-County(CRC)scale framework based on top-down administrative divisions for urban sprawl measurement is proposed:1)the single-index measurement based on economic activity is applied to calculate urban sprawl;2)the spatiotemporal pattern of urban sprawl is investigated through a case study in 31 economy-dominated provincial capital cities across China from 2005 to 2015;3)the impact of economy and land on urban sprawl is explored using correlation analysis.The results indicate that the degree of urban sprawl at the city scale shows an“inverted U-shaped”curve from 2005 to 2015,which represents that the phenomenon of urban sprawl was most severe in 2010.It finds that urban sprawl was more severe in the east and central regions relative to the provincial capitals in the western region,with the situation being most severe in the northeast region.Regions that have been transformed from suburban to urban built-up areas need to be given priority attention by the local government,including population movement,land layout,and fiscal policy,to meet the criteria of the urbanization process.Through correlation analysis,we also found that urban sprawl was influenced by the industry structure and the form of built-up area.The outcome of the study suggests that the data scale is sufficiently small in granularity to provide geographic boundaries for systematic analysis of urban sprawl in multiple administrative regions.Thus,the study helps provide a reference for differential planning policy formulation by governments at diverse economic levels.
基金a keynote speech delivered by the author at the Ancient Chinese Capital Research Summit and the Seventh Representative Conference of Ancient Chinese Capital Research Society and Academic Symposium on the Ancient Capital Culture of Chengdu held in Chengdu in October,2016
文摘The topic can be summarized in three interconnected aspects; historical starting point, contemporary vision, and world insight. The historical starting point requires the study of ancient Chinese capitals to abide by rigid academic principles and must be based on historical facts. Contemporary vision refers to the obligation to contribute to contemporary society and civilization through ancient Chinese capital research. World insight expresses our need of an integral and systematic concept to correctly assess the historical status and role of ancient Chinese capitals in the larger context to unveil the unique cultural values and historical significance of ancient capitals across China. Chengdu is an ideal case for us to explore new research approaches from the above three aspects.
文摘"Three Cities and Three Capitals"is a city brand that Chengdu has been vigorously building.Based on the analysis of the brand construction background,the brand building of Jiezi Ancient Town,and the problems existing in the current brand building of Jiezi Ancient Town,this paper puts forward suggestions,including reconstruction of cultural resources,building an industrial framework,and giving full play to the role of market entities,so as to provide guidance for the cultivation of the brand characteristics in the ancient town and better shape the city brand of"Three Cities and Three Capitals"in Chengdu.
文摘Adam Smith has two principles: laissez faire and absolute advantage theory. This study has 3rd dimension forwealth of nations. It is intellectual capital. Because intellectual capitals increase GDP of nations, and create wealthfor nations. ICs have accumulated knowledge, and ICs make innovations for company via this knowledge. Forexample, American economy has full of ICs, corporate CEOs. CEOs make country rich. CEOs are intellectualcapital. For example, Steve Jobs created smart phone, and Apple becomes no.1 in markets. Therefore, ICs(corporate CEOs) make a country richer. Intellectual capital is related with human resource management. Therefore,a country make investment to human resource management to create wealth of nations and intellectual capitals.
文摘Mathematical modeling of precipitation is an important step to understand the precipitation patterns, and paves the way to possibly predict the precipitation. In this study, we attempt to use the random walk model to fit the annual precipitation in 49 European capitals from 1901 to 1998. At first, we used the simplest random walk model to fit the precipitation walk, which is the conversion of recorded precipitations into ±1 format, and then we used a more complex random walk model to fit the recorded precipi-tations. The results show that the random walk models can fit both precipitation walk and re-corded precipitation. Thus this study provides a model to describe the precipitation patterns during this period in these cities.
文摘Imperial city and outer city are the most important differentiation of the spatial structure of ancient Chinese capitals.The relationship between city and Guo changed from the original spatial structure mode of "respecting the west" and "sitting in the west and facing the east" to the spatial structure mode of "sitting in the north and facing the south" and the three outer cities in the east,south and west surrounding the imperial city after the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties,and gradually changed from the original "multi palace" system to the "single palace" system.Finally,a "heavy city" capital spatial structure with the outer city around the imperial city and the imperial city around the palace city,and the central axis of the chessboard format was formed.During the Tang and Song Dynasties,it was a period of great change in the history of feudal society in China.Through the investigation of the evolution characteristics of the spatial form of capital cities in the Tang and Song Dynasties,the track of the transformation of social ideology,political system,economic structure and many other fields in the Tang and Song Dynasties was made clear.
文摘Profile of Prof.Ning-Li Wang Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering(CAE)Member of the International Academy of Ophthalmology Director,Ophthalmology Center,Beijing Tongren Hospital Dean,School of Ophthalmology,Capital Medical University Director,National Engineering Research Center for Ophthalmic Diagnosis and Treatment National Distinguished Physician Member,Academic Advisory Committee.
文摘IT was in the golden autumn in Beijing, when the sky was high and the air clear, that I hurried to Zhongshan Park to witness the display of the songs and dances of the seven Chinese ancient capitals. The flower beds arranged for the celebration of National Day were still there and the colorful blooms looked especially bright in the sunshine. The seven cities which have served as capitals in Chinese history are Beijing,
基金The author(s)disclosed receipt of financial support for the research,authorship,and/or publication of this research from the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.201506190144).
文摘The grassroots can become an online influencer with the help of social media.Similarly,an online influencer mode is applicable in the architecture field.This study introduces the term"influential online architecture"(IOA)and aims to understand the cause and promotion of the IOA phenomenon and its impact on architecture.This research also introduces Bour-dieu’s four forms of capital,namely,economic,cultural,social,and symbolic capitals,as a framework to argue that IOA is promoted by capitals through visual spectacles,class divisions,national identity,and social recognition.The methodology of this research uses case studies and logical argumentation through presentation and analysis of photos,statistical data,and comments from journals,books,news,and social platforms.The current study concludes that the online influencer mode in architecture should be concerned because the overemphasis on capitals through the production of IOA may erode the design field.This research argues that a well-established architecture criticism and post-occupancy evaluation system and a rational online influencer mode would contribute to the development of the design domain.
文摘Zhengzhou,located at the eastern foot of Mount Song and along the banks of the Yel low River,sits at the heart of China.It is the capital of Henan Province and one of China’s eight great ancient capitals.Historically known as the“Center of Heaven and Earth”,it is now praised as the“Green City”As a national central city expl icit ly suppor ted by the Chinese government and a core growth pole for high-quality regional development.
文摘This October,I had the opportunity to attend the 6th International Ancient Capitals Forum in Luoyang,central China’s Henan Province.The event gathered diplomats,government officials,scholars,and journalists from more than 30 countries.For me,the three days in Luoyang were not just a professional experience-they became a memorable cultural journey that helped me explore the heritage of both China and my own country,Myanmar.
基金supported by the Shihezi University High-Level Talents Research Startup Project(Project No.RCZK202521)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12271066,11871121,12171405)+1 种基金the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation Joint Fund for Innovation and Development Project(Project No.CSTB2024NSCQLZX0085)the Chongqing Normal University Foundation(Grant No.23XLB018).
文摘This paper investigates ruin,capital injection,and dividends for a two-dimensional risk model.The model posits that surplus levels of insurance companies are governed by a perturbed composite Poisson risk model.This model introduces a dependence between the two surplus levels,present in both the associated perturbations and the claims resulting from common shocks.Critical levels of capital injection and dividends are established for each of the two risks.The surplus levels are observed discretely at fixed intervals,guiding decisions on capital injection,dividends,and ruin at these junctures.This study employs a two-dimensional Fourier cosine series expansion method to approximate the finite time expected discounted operating cost until ruin.The ensuing approximation error is also quantified.The validity and accuracy of the method are corroborated through numerical examples.Furthermore,the research delves into the optimal capital allocation problem.
文摘Based on the current status of educational inequality between urban and rural areas in China,this study transcends the traditional resource-centered perspective to examine the latent roles of cultural and social capital in the distribution of educational opportunities.The research finds that institutional arrangements,family cultural accumulation,social networks,and digital literacy collectively constitute the latent structure of urban-rural educational inequality,determining the access to and conversion efficiency of educational opportunities.Cultural capital influences students’educational adaptability through cognitive abilities,learning habits,and the accumulation of educational resources,while social capital expands educational opportunities through information access and social support.Their interaction exacerbates urban-rural disparities.The study further suggests that achieving educational equity requires a multidimensional coordinated strategy encompassing institutional restructuring,cultural empowerment,social capital development,and digital empowerment,providing both theoretical guidance and practical pathways for policy formulation and educational practice.
