2020年3月23日08:00(北京时,下同)至26日08:00在云南昆明至老挝万象国际航线途经地区出现一次大范围以冰雹、雷暴大风为主并伴随有局地短时强降水的强对流天气过程。本文基于中尺度数值模式WRFV4.2(Weather Research and Forecasting Mo...2020年3月23日08:00(北京时,下同)至26日08:00在云南昆明至老挝万象国际航线途经地区出现一次大范围以冰雹、雷暴大风为主并伴随有局地短时强降水的强对流天气过程。本文基于中尺度数值模式WRFV4.2(Weather Research and Forecasting Model)和美国国家环境预报中心(NCEP)的FNL(Final Operational Global Analysis)资料,模拟了此次强对流天气过程,并利用中国气象局逐小时气象站数据对模拟结果进行可靠性检验。此外,对WRF模式输出的多种物理量进行了诊断分析,以期为云南昆明-老挝万象航线的航空气象安全提供参考。结果表明:(1)WRF模式能够较好地模拟气温、可降水量等要素,但在白天期间近地面风场的模拟值偏大。(2)模拟输出的物理量场可以指示强雷暴天气发生的时间和地点,具有一定的时空预报预警作用,可根据其判断强对流天气对飞行的影响以及影响程度。(3)此次强对流主要是受南支槽东移影响,高层干冷空气叠加在暖湿空气上,形成不稳定结构,被地面辐合线触发而引起。航线途经地区的CAPE(Convective Available Potential Energy)不稳定能量大,水汽条件充沛,9 km高度以下上升运动与下沉运动交替出现,容易对航班造成颠簸。加之0℃层位于3 km左右的高度,航班在飞行时容易造成机身覆冰或遭遇冰雹天气,给飞行安全造成一定的影响。展开更多
Gastric cancer(GC)is characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates.Chinese agarwood comprises the resin-containing wood of Aquilaria sinensis(Lour.)Gilg.,traditionally utilized for treating asthma,cardiac ischem...Gastric cancer(GC)is characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates.Chinese agarwood comprises the resin-containing wood of Aquilaria sinensis(Lour.)Gilg.,traditionally utilized for treating asthma,cardiac ischemia,and tumors.However,comprehensive research regarding its anti-GC effects and underlying mechanisms remains limited.In this study,Chinese agarwood petroleum ether extract(CAPEE)demonstrated potent cytotoxicity against human GC cells,with half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))values for AGS,HGC27,and MGC803 cells of 2.89,2.46,and 2.37μg·mL^(−1),respectively,at 48 h.CAPEE significantly induced apoptosis in these GC cells,with B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2)associated X protein(BAX)/BCL-2 antagonist killer 1(BAK)likely mediating CAPEE-induced apoptosis.Furthermore,CAPEE induced G_(0)/G_(1)phase cell cycle arrest in human GC cells via activation of the deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)damage-p21-cyclin D1/cyclin-dependent kinase 4(CDK4)signaling axis,and increased Fe^(2+),lipid peroxides and reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels,thereby inducing ferroptosis.Ribonucleic acid(RNA)sequencing,real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),and Western blotting analyses revealed CAPEE-mediated upregulation of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)in human GC cells.RNA interference studies demonstrated that HO-1 knockdown reduced CAPEE sensitivity and inhibited CAPEE-induced ferroptosis in human GC cells.Additionally,CAPEE administration exhibited robust in vivo anti-GC activity without significant toxicity in nude mice while inhibiting tumor cell growth and promoting apoptosis in tumor tissues.These findings indicate that CAPEE suppresses human GC cell growth through upregulation of the DNA damage-p21-cyclin D1/CDK4 signaling axis and HO-1-mediated ferroptosis,suggesting its potential as a candidate drug for GC treatment.展开更多
文摘2020年3月23日08:00(北京时,下同)至26日08:00在云南昆明至老挝万象国际航线途经地区出现一次大范围以冰雹、雷暴大风为主并伴随有局地短时强降水的强对流天气过程。本文基于中尺度数值模式WRFV4.2(Weather Research and Forecasting Model)和美国国家环境预报中心(NCEP)的FNL(Final Operational Global Analysis)资料,模拟了此次强对流天气过程,并利用中国气象局逐小时气象站数据对模拟结果进行可靠性检验。此外,对WRF模式输出的多种物理量进行了诊断分析,以期为云南昆明-老挝万象航线的航空气象安全提供参考。结果表明:(1)WRF模式能够较好地模拟气温、可降水量等要素,但在白天期间近地面风场的模拟值偏大。(2)模拟输出的物理量场可以指示强雷暴天气发生的时间和地点,具有一定的时空预报预警作用,可根据其判断强对流天气对飞行的影响以及影响程度。(3)此次强对流主要是受南支槽东移影响,高层干冷空气叠加在暖湿空气上,形成不稳定结构,被地面辐合线触发而引起。航线途经地区的CAPE(Convective Available Potential Energy)不稳定能量大,水汽条件充沛,9 km高度以下上升运动与下沉运动交替出现,容易对航班造成颠簸。加之0℃层位于3 km左右的高度,航班在飞行时容易造成机身覆冰或遭遇冰雹天气,给飞行安全造成一定的影响。
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing City(No.J230034)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2023-JYB-JBQN-051)the Talent Cultivation Project of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(No.JZPY202206).
文摘Gastric cancer(GC)is characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates.Chinese agarwood comprises the resin-containing wood of Aquilaria sinensis(Lour.)Gilg.,traditionally utilized for treating asthma,cardiac ischemia,and tumors.However,comprehensive research regarding its anti-GC effects and underlying mechanisms remains limited.In this study,Chinese agarwood petroleum ether extract(CAPEE)demonstrated potent cytotoxicity against human GC cells,with half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))values for AGS,HGC27,and MGC803 cells of 2.89,2.46,and 2.37μg·mL^(−1),respectively,at 48 h.CAPEE significantly induced apoptosis in these GC cells,with B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2)associated X protein(BAX)/BCL-2 antagonist killer 1(BAK)likely mediating CAPEE-induced apoptosis.Furthermore,CAPEE induced G_(0)/G_(1)phase cell cycle arrest in human GC cells via activation of the deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)damage-p21-cyclin D1/cyclin-dependent kinase 4(CDK4)signaling axis,and increased Fe^(2+),lipid peroxides and reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels,thereby inducing ferroptosis.Ribonucleic acid(RNA)sequencing,real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),and Western blotting analyses revealed CAPEE-mediated upregulation of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)in human GC cells.RNA interference studies demonstrated that HO-1 knockdown reduced CAPEE sensitivity and inhibited CAPEE-induced ferroptosis in human GC cells.Additionally,CAPEE administration exhibited robust in vivo anti-GC activity without significant toxicity in nude mice while inhibiting tumor cell growth and promoting apoptosis in tumor tissues.These findings indicate that CAPEE suppresses human GC cell growth through upregulation of the DNA damage-p21-cyclin D1/CDK4 signaling axis and HO-1-mediated ferroptosis,suggesting its potential as a candidate drug for GC treatment.
