CAIMA is the abbreviation of Computer-Assisted Instant Monitoring drug Administration. CAIMA works on the principle of closed-loop negative feedback. Special programs have been designed to meet the needs of: a) Patie...CAIMA is the abbreviation of Computer-Assisted Instant Monitoring drug Administration. CAIMA works on the principle of closed-loop negative feedback. Special programs have been designed to meet the needs of: a) Patients’ safety, b) Response level desired, c) Output necessary for actuating the injecting pump. The pump forces the drug solution to enter the body with high precision. The author shows 8-year experience of using CAIMA system in laboratory and in hospital operating rooms. Experimental studies revealed that: CAIMA system attenuates the overshots and undershots usually present in reaction to drug administration, thus saves the drug and thereby causes less side-efiffeets, while the recovery is also much shortened. CAIMA system provides a greater tolerance to extra-stimuli and preserves the body original reactive sensitivity to drug. The homeostasis in animals is better kept with CAIMA than without. Clinically, the arbitrary hypotension during brain surgery with sodium nitroprusside and the control of muscle relaxation in general surgery with muscle relaxants have been successful using CAIMA system.展开更多
The prospect of Computer-Assisted Instant Monitoring drug Administration is discussed based on 8-year experience of exprimental and clinical research. The CAIMA system is composed of a negative feed-back closed loop, ...The prospect of Computer-Assisted Instant Monitoring drug Administration is discussed based on 8-year experience of exprimental and clinical research. The CAIMA system is composed of a negative feed-back closed loop, with the living organism as a link within the loop. Transducers are of vital importance, and need improvement as to sensitivity and specificity in order to transform the relevant biological phenomena into electrical signal. The range of the Controlled levels should be known in advance. Drugs of short duration, with rapid onset should be chosen for first trials. Slowly acting drugs, with long half lives need special programs with multi-criteria. The total dose, the therapeutic ranges and other relevant doses should be calculated by CAIMA. The possiblility of presetting the reaction level is the most salient feature of CAIMA, which would revolutionize the mode of drug administration. The author’s opinion is that: CAIMA is ideal for phase Ⅰof clinical trials to find the tolerated dose ranges while the drug-sparing property would make a poison most useful in critical situations. The knowledge on CAIMA is scanty and need strong propagation, while the intimate collaboration of clinicians, computer-men, pharmacologists, mathematicians and marketting-people is badly needed.展开更多
本实验应用新型非去极化型肌松剂安特寇林,通过改良的浸流方式精确控制给药的速度与剂量,以现实在离体情况下模拟开玛系统(CAIMA)的工作原理,从而证实了(1)不同浓度给药对药效的影响,表现在药物起效与恢复的多个环节中。结果表明随药物...本实验应用新型非去极化型肌松剂安特寇林,通过改良的浸流方式精确控制给药的速度与剂量,以现实在离体情况下模拟开玛系统(CAIMA)的工作原理,从而证实了(1)不同浓度给药对药效的影响,表现在药物起效与恢复的多个环节中。结果表明随药物浓度增大起效时间缩短,生效速率增大,超射程度增大,超射时间延长,起始恢复率减小,恢复指数增大,这些差异均非常显著(P<0.01)。药物在任何可产生药效的浓度下均存在着超射效应,且与药物浓度正相关。如安特寇林20μg/ml时超射程度是37.1％,时间是1 min 6 s;60μg/ml时超射程度是66.7％,时间是2min42s。(2)开玛系统由于按需间断(即脉冲式)给药的特点,使药物的超射效应得以充分发挥,即在脉冲给药的间歇期内,药物的超射使药效维持,故总给药量比传统给药方式耗药量低。(3)由于开玛系统给药利用了药物的固有特点超射,故达到相同药效时血药浓度较低,这就使得这种超射效应即有机会释放,又不致于太强,故开玛给药药效平稳。展开更多
文摘CAIMA is the abbreviation of Computer-Assisted Instant Monitoring drug Administration. CAIMA works on the principle of closed-loop negative feedback. Special programs have been designed to meet the needs of: a) Patients’ safety, b) Response level desired, c) Output necessary for actuating the injecting pump. The pump forces the drug solution to enter the body with high precision. The author shows 8-year experience of using CAIMA system in laboratory and in hospital operating rooms. Experimental studies revealed that: CAIMA system attenuates the overshots and undershots usually present in reaction to drug administration, thus saves the drug and thereby causes less side-efiffeets, while the recovery is also much shortened. CAIMA system provides a greater tolerance to extra-stimuli and preserves the body original reactive sensitivity to drug. The homeostasis in animals is better kept with CAIMA than without. Clinically, the arbitrary hypotension during brain surgery with sodium nitroprusside and the control of muscle relaxation in general surgery with muscle relaxants have been successful using CAIMA system.
文摘The prospect of Computer-Assisted Instant Monitoring drug Administration is discussed based on 8-year experience of exprimental and clinical research. The CAIMA system is composed of a negative feed-back closed loop, with the living organism as a link within the loop. Transducers are of vital importance, and need improvement as to sensitivity and specificity in order to transform the relevant biological phenomena into electrical signal. The range of the Controlled levels should be known in advance. Drugs of short duration, with rapid onset should be chosen for first trials. Slowly acting drugs, with long half lives need special programs with multi-criteria. The total dose, the therapeutic ranges and other relevant doses should be calculated by CAIMA. The possiblility of presetting the reaction level is the most salient feature of CAIMA, which would revolutionize the mode of drug administration. The author’s opinion is that: CAIMA is ideal for phase Ⅰof clinical trials to find the tolerated dose ranges while the drug-sparing property would make a poison most useful in critical situations. The knowledge on CAIMA is scanty and need strong propagation, while the intimate collaboration of clinicians, computer-men, pharmacologists, mathematicians and marketting-people is badly needed.
文摘本实验应用新型非去极化型肌松剂安特寇林,通过改良的浸流方式精确控制给药的速度与剂量,以现实在离体情况下模拟开玛系统(CAIMA)的工作原理,从而证实了(1)不同浓度给药对药效的影响,表现在药物起效与恢复的多个环节中。结果表明随药物浓度增大起效时间缩短,生效速率增大,超射程度增大,超射时间延长,起始恢复率减小,恢复指数增大,这些差异均非常显著(P<0.01)。药物在任何可产生药效的浓度下均存在着超射效应,且与药物浓度正相关。如安特寇林20μg/ml时超射程度是37.1％,时间是1 min 6 s;60μg/ml时超射程度是66.7％,时间是2min42s。(2)开玛系统由于按需间断(即脉冲式)给药的特点,使药物的超射效应得以充分发挥,即在脉冲给药的间歇期内,药物的超射使药效维持,故总给药量比传统给药方式耗药量低。(3)由于开玛系统给药利用了药物的固有特点超射,故达到相同药效时血药浓度较低,这就使得这种超射效应即有机会释放,又不致于太强,故开玛给药药效平稳。
