Seven residual heterozygous lines （RHLs） displaying different genotypic compositions in the genomic region covering probable locations of C （Chromogen for anthocyanin） gene on the short arm of rice chromosome 6 we...Seven residual heterozygous lines （RHLs） displaying different genotypic compositions in the genomic region covering probable locations of C （Chromogen for anthocyanin） gene on the short arm of rice chromosome 6 were selected from the progenies of the indica cross Zhenshan 97B/Milyang 46. Seeds were harvested from each of the seven plants, and the resultant F2：3 populations were used for fine mapping of C gene. It was shown in the populations that the apiculus coloration matched to basal leaf sheath coloration in each plant. By relating the coloration performances of the populations with the genotypic compositions of the RHLs, the C locus was located between rice SSR markers RM314 and RM253. By using a total of 1279 F2：3 individuals from two populations showing coloration segregation, the C locus was then located between RM111 and RM253, with genetic distances of 0.7 cM to RM111 and 0.4 cM to RM253. Twenty-two recombinants found in the two populations were assayed with seven more markers located between RM111 and RM253, including six SSR markers and one marker for the C gene candidate, OsCl. The C locus was delimited to a 59.3-kb region in which OsC1 was located.展开更多
【目的】探明当归(Angelica sinensis)春化作用相关SOSEKI(SOK)基因的生物学功能,分析其对春化作用和冷冻温度的表达响应。【方法】基于当归种苗春化作用(0℃)和冷冻贮藏(-3℃)后的全长转录组测序,挖掘春化作用基因FLOWERING LOCUS C(FL...【目的】探明当归(Angelica sinensis)春化作用相关SOSEKI(SOK)基因的生物学功能,分析其对春化作用和冷冻温度的表达响应。【方法】基于当归种苗春化作用(0℃)和冷冻贮藏(-3℃)后的全长转录组测序,挖掘春化作用基因FLOWERING LOCUS C(FLC),利用在线生物信息学工具分析其生物学功能,并对表达模式进行qRT-PCR验证。【结果】从当归全长转录组中挖掘到一个含1005个碱基的AsSOK基因,包括FLC及其侧翼基因UPSTREAM OF FLC(UFC)和DOWNSTREAM OF FLC(DFC),亚细胞定位于细胞核;保守基序和系统进化树分析显示,该基因编码的蛋白质含有4个保守基序(motif-2、-4、-5和-6),与黄胡萝卜(Daucus carota subsp.Sativus)中的LOC Dc108213152关系最近,具有相似的结构和位置。基因表达检测发现,AsSOK基因在种苗春化作用过程中表达量显著下降,而在冷冻贮藏过程中显著增加。【结论】第一次挖掘到并全面分析了当归春化作用相关基因AsSOK的生物学功能,为利用基因编辑AsSOK调控当归抽薹开花等研究提了供理论基础。展开更多
The steroid hormone brassinosteroid （BR） plays a broad role in plant growth and development. As the retarded growth in BR-insensitive and BR-deficient mutants causes a strong delay in days to flowering, BR signaling...The steroid hormone brassinosteroid （BR） plays a broad role in plant growth and development. As the retarded growth in BR-insensitive and BR-deficient mutants causes a strong delay in days to flowering, BR signaling has been thought to promote the floral transition inArabidopsis. In this study, using a developmental measure of flowering time, we show that BR signaling inhibits the floral transition and promotes vegetative growth in the Arabidopsis accessions Columbia and Enkheim-2. We found that BR signaling promotes the expression of the potent floral repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C （FLC） and three FLC homologs to inhibit flow- ering. In the presence of BR, the transcription factor BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT1 （BZR1）, together with BES1 -INTERACTING MYC-like proteins （BIMs）, specifically binds a BR- responsive element in the first intron of FLC and further recruits a histone 3 lysine 27 （H3K27） demethylase to downregulate levels of the repressive H3K27 trimethylation mark and thus antagonize Polycomb silencing at FLC, leading to its activation. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that BR signaling inhibits the floral transition inArabidopsis by a novel molecular mechanism in which BR signals are transduced into FLC activation and consequent floral repression.展开更多
Perennial crops are increasingly recognized as a sustainable agricultural solution that provides significant advantages over annual crops,including reduced seed input and management cost,improved agronomic traits and ...Perennial crops are increasingly recognized as a sustainable agricultural solution that provides significant advantages over annual crops,including reduced seed input and management cost,improved agronomic traits and soil health,and enhanced resource use efficiency.The current strategies for breeding perennial crops include traditional selection methods,interspecific hybridization,and de novo domestication using genome-editing technologies.A promising new approach involves leveraging perennial genes from wild relatives to develop these crops.In the past twenty years,researchers have successfully identified the genes responsible for polycarpic flowering behaviors in the Brassicaceae family.In this Perspective,we outline a roadmap for generating perennial Brassica napus(rapeseed)based on these findings.We believe that further investigation into the genetic mechanisms underlying perennial syndrome is crucial for enhancing the environmental benefits of perennial crops,which will ultimately support sustainable agricultural practices.展开更多
The developmental transition to flowering in many plants is timed by changing seasons,which enables plants to flower at a season that is favorable for seed production.Many plants grown at high latitudes perceive the s...The developmental transition to flowering in many plants is timed by changing seasons,which enables plants to flower at a season that is favorable for seed production.Many plants grown at high latitudes perceive the seasonal cues of changing day length and/or winter cold(prolonged cold exposure),to regulate the expression of flowering-regulatory genes through the photoperiod pathway and/or vernalization pathway,and thus align flowering with a particular season.Recent studies in the model flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana have revealed that diverse transcription factors engage various chromatin modifiers to regulate several key flowering-regulatory genes including FLOWERING LOCUS C(FLC)and FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)in response to seasonal signals.Here,we summarize the current understanding of molecular and chromatin-regulatory or epigenetic mechanisms underlying the vernalization response and photoperiodic control of flowering in Arabidopsis.Moreover,the conservation and divergence of regulatory mechanisms for seasonal flowering in crops and other plants are briefly discussed.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Chinese 863 Program(Grant No.2006AA10Z1E8)the Super Rice Program of the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture(Grant No.200606)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.Y304446).
文摘Seven residual heterozygous lines （RHLs） displaying different genotypic compositions in the genomic region covering probable locations of C （Chromogen for anthocyanin） gene on the short arm of rice chromosome 6 were selected from the progenies of the indica cross Zhenshan 97B/Milyang 46. Seeds were harvested from each of the seven plants, and the resultant F2：3 populations were used for fine mapping of C gene. It was shown in the populations that the apiculus coloration matched to basal leaf sheath coloration in each plant. By relating the coloration performances of the populations with the genotypic compositions of the RHLs, the C locus was located between rice SSR markers RM314 and RM253. By using a total of 1279 F2：3 individuals from two populations showing coloration segregation, the C locus was then located between RM111 and RM253, with genetic distances of 0.7 cM to RM111 and 0.4 cM to RM253. Twenty-two recombinants found in the two populations were assayed with seven more markers located between RM111 and RM253, including six SSR markers and one marker for the C gene candidate, OsCl. The C locus was delimited to a 59.3-kb region in which OsC1 was located.
文摘【目的】探明当归(Angelica sinensis)春化作用相关SOSEKI(SOK)基因的生物学功能,分析其对春化作用和冷冻温度的表达响应。【方法】基于当归种苗春化作用(0℃)和冷冻贮藏(-3℃)后的全长转录组测序,挖掘春化作用基因FLOWERING LOCUS C(FLC),利用在线生物信息学工具分析其生物学功能,并对表达模式进行qRT-PCR验证。【结果】从当归全长转录组中挖掘到一个含1005个碱基的AsSOK基因,包括FLC及其侧翼基因UPSTREAM OF FLC(UFC)和DOWNSTREAM OF FLC(DFC),亚细胞定位于细胞核;保守基序和系统进化树分析显示,该基因编码的蛋白质含有4个保守基序(motif-2、-4、-5和-6),与黄胡萝卜(Daucus carota subsp.Sativus)中的LOC Dc108213152关系最近,具有相似的结构和位置。基因表达检测发现,AsSOK基因在种苗春化作用过程中表达量显著下降,而在冷冻贮藏过程中显著增加。【结论】第一次挖掘到并全面分析了当归春化作用相关基因AsSOK的生物学功能,为利用基因编辑AsSOK调控当归抽薹开花等研究提了供理论基础。
基金This work was supported in part by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （grant number 31721001）, the National Key Research and Development Program of China （2017YFA0503803）, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences （XDPB0404）.
文摘The steroid hormone brassinosteroid （BR） plays a broad role in plant growth and development. As the retarded growth in BR-insensitive and BR-deficient mutants causes a strong delay in days to flowering, BR signaling has been thought to promote the floral transition inArabidopsis. In this study, using a developmental measure of flowering time, we show that BR signaling inhibits the floral transition and promotes vegetative growth in the Arabidopsis accessions Columbia and Enkheim-2. We found that BR signaling promotes the expression of the potent floral repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C （FLC） and three FLC homologs to inhibit flow- ering. In the presence of BR, the transcription factor BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT1 （BZR1）, together with BES1 -INTERACTING MYC-like proteins （BIMs）, specifically binds a BR- responsive element in the first intron of FLC and further recruits a histone 3 lysine 27 （H3K27） demethylase to downregulate levels of the repressive H3K27 trimethylation mark and thus antagonize Polycomb silencing at FLC, leading to its activation. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that BR signaling inhibits the floral transition inArabidopsis by a novel molecular mechanism in which BR signals are transduced into FLC activation and consequent floral repression.
基金supported by the grants from Biological BreedingNational Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD04073),National Natural Science Foundation of China(32388201,31525004)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB27030101)+2 种基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(24N12800300)the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE to J.-W.W.the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Projects in Shanghai(K2023003)to Y.-F.M.
文摘Perennial crops are increasingly recognized as a sustainable agricultural solution that provides significant advantages over annual crops,including reduced seed input and management cost,improved agronomic traits and soil health,and enhanced resource use efficiency.The current strategies for breeding perennial crops include traditional selection methods,interspecific hybridization,and de novo domestication using genome-editing technologies.A promising new approach involves leveraging perennial genes from wild relatives to develop these crops.In the past twenty years,researchers have successfully identified the genes responsible for polycarpic flowering behaviors in the Brassicaceae family.In this Perspective,we outline a roadmap for generating perennial Brassica napus(rapeseed)based on these findings.We believe that further investigation into the genetic mechanisms underlying perennial syndrome is crucial for enhancing the environmental benefits of perennial crops,which will ultimately support sustainable agricultural practices.
基金Research in the Plant Environmental Epigenetics laboratory is supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31830049)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0503803)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB27030202)。
文摘The developmental transition to flowering in many plants is timed by changing seasons,which enables plants to flower at a season that is favorable for seed production.Many plants grown at high latitudes perceive the seasonal cues of changing day length and/or winter cold(prolonged cold exposure),to regulate the expression of flowering-regulatory genes through the photoperiod pathway and/or vernalization pathway,and thus align flowering with a particular season.Recent studies in the model flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana have revealed that diverse transcription factors engage various chromatin modifiers to regulate several key flowering-regulatory genes including FLOWERING LOCUS C(FLC)and FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)in response to seasonal signals.Here,we summarize the current understanding of molecular and chromatin-regulatory or epigenetic mechanisms underlying the vernalization response and photoperiodic control of flowering in Arabidopsis.Moreover,the conservation and divergence of regulatory mechanisms for seasonal flowering in crops and other plants are briefly discussed.
