The effects of galvanic interaction between galena and pyrite on their flotation and electrochemical characters were studied by electrochemical,adsorption,flotation and FTIR techniques,respectively.Electrochemical tes...The effects of galvanic interaction between galena and pyrite on their flotation and electrochemical characters were studied by electrochemical,adsorption,flotation and FTIR techniques,respectively.Electrochemical tests indicate that galena is electrochemically more active than pyrite and serves as an anode in galvanic combination with pyrite.The galvanic current density from a mixture of galena and pyrite is 4 times as high as the self corrosion current density of galena,which indicates that the corrosion rate of galena is accelerated.Adsorption tests show that the adsorption of butyl xanthate on galena surface is enhanced,and affected by a combination of pyrite-galena mixtures and conditioning time.Compared with individual mineral particles,galvanic interaction reduces the floatability difference between galena and pyrite.The flotation recovery of galena decreases while that of pyrite increases when two minerals are mixed together due to the influence of galvanic interaction on the formation of hydrophilic/hydrophobic product.The FTIR results show that the formation of dixanthogen on pyrite surface is depressed due to the galvanic interaction.展开更多
The hydrophobic flocculation of marmatite fines in aqueous suspensions induced by butyl xanthate （KBX） and ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate （ADD） was investigated using laser particle size analysis, microscopy ana...The hydrophobic flocculation of marmatite fines in aqueous suspensions induced by butyl xanthate （KBX） and ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate （ADD） was investigated using laser particle size analysis, microscopy analysis, electrophoretic light scattering, contact angle measurement and infrared spectroscopy. The studies were performed on single minerals with size 〈20 μm by varying several parameters, including pH, collector concentration and kerosene addition. The results show that the floc fotation closely correlated with the size of flocs and the particle hydrophobicity, but was not lowered with increasing the particle surface charges due to collector adsorption. Under good operating conditions, the floc flotation of marmatite fines as a function of KBX and ADD can all reach floatability over 90%, in comparison with conventional flotation obtaining floatability of about 60%. It also has been found that a small addition of kerosene greatly improved the floc flotation because of the formation of oil films on marmatite particles. The results of FTIR spectra indicate that adsorption of the two collectors onto marmatite were chemical adsorption.展开更多
In this paper,the effect of sodium butyl xanthate(NaBX)adsorption on the surface of bornite at different pH on flotation was studied by adsorption kinetic and thermodynamic.The flotation results demonstrated that the ...In this paper,the effect of sodium butyl xanthate(NaBX)adsorption on the surface of bornite at different pH on flotation was studied by adsorption kinetic and thermodynamic.The flotation results demonstrated that the recovery was the highest when pH was 9 in NaBX solution(4×10^?5 mol/L).The adsorption kinetics showed the reaction of NaBX on the bornite conformed to the second order kinetic equation;it belonged to the multimolecular layer adsorption of Freundlich model;the maximum adsorption rate constant was 0.30 g/(10^?6 mol·min),and the equilibrium adsorption capacity was 2.70×10^?6 mol/g.Thermodynamic calculation results indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous chemisorption,and the adsorption products of NaBX on bornite surface were cupric butyl xanthate,ferric butyl xanthate and dixanthogen,which were confirmed by infrared spectrum measurements.展开更多
To investigate effect of metallic ion activation on different particle sizes of quartz in butyl xanthate solution,six common ions(Pb^(2+),Cu^(2+),Fe^(3+),Fe^(2+),Mg^(2+) and Ca^(2+)) were introduced as activators.The ...To investigate effect of metallic ion activation on different particle sizes of quartz in butyl xanthate solution,six common ions(Pb^(2+),Cu^(2+),Fe^(3+),Fe^(2+),Mg^(2+) and Ca^(2+)) were introduced as activators.The approaches of micro-flotation,adsorption test and zeta potential measurement were adopted to reveal the mechanism of ion activation.The results show that Pb^(2+),Cu^(2+) and Fe^(3+) are effective activators for the flotation of quartz in butyl xanthate solution because of their absorption on activated quartz surface.Average recoveries of fine particles(<37 μm) are greater than those of coarser particles(37-74 μm),suggesting that the former is easier to be activated and more likely to be floated and thus entrained in sulphide concentrate.From another perspective,addition of metallic ions(Pb^(2+),Cu^(2+) and Fe^(3+)) renders zeta potentials move positively,and addition of the same metallic ions and butyl xanthate makes zeta potential drop apparently,which support a mechanism where they adsorb onto quartz surface,resulting in an expected increase in butyl xanthate collector adsorption with a concomitant increase in the flotation recoveries.展开更多
Wolframite notation with benzyl arsonic acid and sodium butyl xanthate is studied,at first.It shows the efficiency of mineral processig is good when the two agents are added together.Then the synergism of sodium butyl...Wolframite notation with benzyl arsonic acid and sodium butyl xanthate is studied,at first.It shows the efficiency of mineral processig is good when the two agents are added together.Then the synergism of sodium butyl xanthate and benzyl arsonic acid is studied also by HPLC.展开更多
The adsorption behavior of butyl xanthate on the surface of lead oxide was investigated using continuous online in situ attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared（ATR-FTIR） spectroscopy technique and tw...The adsorption behavior of butyl xanthate on the surface of lead oxide was investigated using continuous online in situ attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared（ATR-FTIR） spectroscopy technique and two dimensional（2D） correlation analysis.The adsorbed layer studied was prepared by coating α-PbO particles onto the surfaces of the ZnSe crystal.The appearance of spectral peaks at 1203 cm^-1,1033 cm^-1 and their red shift indicated the formation and aggregation of xanthate at the surface of α-PbO.According to 1R intensity changes after rinsing with deionized water and a NaOH solution,the adsorption was proved to be a chemisorption type.The competition between xanthate and OH^- for the surfaces leads to desorption of xanthate at higher pH.The technique of 2D correlation ATR-FTIR spectroscopy was used to evaluate the changing order of spectral intensities in the adsorption process,and the results indicated that xanthate micelles were formed at the surfaces.The adsorption kinetics of butyl xanthate was found to be a pseudo-second-order reaction model and the adsorption capacity of butyl xanthate at α-PbO was as high as 281 mg g^-1 after 150 min.展开更多
A simple and fast ultraviolet spectrophotometric method was used to determineselenium (Ⅳ) through the formation, separaion and quantitative determination of potassium butylxanthae -selenium complex. The complex ab...A simple and fast ultraviolet spectrophotometric method was used to determineselenium (Ⅳ) through the formation, separaion and quantitative determination of potassium butylxanthae -selenium complex. The complex absorbed light sharply at 375 nm. The optimum acidity ofthe complex formation was between pH 3.4 - 4.0. The absorption value was no change in 120 minutesafter the comlex was extracted by Carbon tetraChioride. The sensitivity of the colour reation was 0.2ng cm-2, The content of selenimp (Ⅳ) was within 0-30 μg and linear rclation was good,Y=0.07X＋0.025, relevent coefficient r＝0.9997. A great quantity of I, Cu, Co, the and SO4-2, PO4-3contained in .the Sample had no effect on the results ofdetenninion when seldsum was determined.When content of Fe was over l00gμg/ml and Zn was over 180μg/ml, there was diotance to the determination, but the disturbance was rem0ved by adding EDTA. When making use of the method todetermine containin seldsum additivef Cv =6.85, rate of recovery was 97.2%, wild jujubef;Cv=3.22,rate of recovery was 90. 1%, soil Samlef Cv=4.64, rate of recovery was 86.2%. The method for sensitivity measured was apprtoate to 2, 3-diamino naphthalene (DAN) fluorescence method.展开更多
Antimony （Sb） has received increasing environmental concerns due to its potential toxic and carcinogenic properties. In the present work, the electrocoagulation technique was used to treat the flotation wastewater f...Antimony （Sb） has received increasing environmental concerns due to its potential toxic and carcinogenic properties. In the present work, the electrocoagulation technique was used to treat the flotation wastewater from a heavy antimony polluted area, and the mechanism of removing Sb was also investigated. The study focused on the effect of operation parameters such as current density, initial pH and standing time on the Sb removal efficiency. Antimony concentration of below 1 mg/L in the treated wastewater was achieved, which meets the emission standards established by State Department of Environmental Protection and State Administration of China for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine of China.展开更多
Adsorbing tests between CN? and chalcopyrite or galena were conducted firstly, and then flotation tests of the twocyaniding minerals were investigated in butyl xanthate (BX) system. Results showed that the interaction...Adsorbing tests between CN? and chalcopyrite or galena were conducted firstly, and then flotation tests of the twocyaniding minerals were investigated in butyl xanthate (BX) system. Results showed that the interaction between CN? and the twomineral surfaces were both chemical adsorption and can be described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. In the optimumcondition of pH 6.5 and 4.0 mg/L BX, the recovery of cyaniding chalcopyrite and galena reached 82.1% and 63.9%, respectively. BXimproved the hydrophobicity of the surfaces of the two minerals, although CN? reduced the contact angle on the surface of minerals.The inhibitory effect of CN? on chalcopyrite far outweighed galena. Electrostatic adsorption exists in the interaction between BX andthe surface of galena after cyanide treatment in the pH range of 4.2?8.4, while the interactions between BX and the surface ofchalcopyrite after cyanide treatment is chemical adsorption.展开更多
The surface species transformation of oxidized carrollite processing with NaHS and KBX was investigated.Flotation and contact angle tests indicate that the combination of NaHS and KBX takes a better flotation performa...The surface species transformation of oxidized carrollite processing with NaHS and KBX was investigated.Flotation and contact angle tests indicate that the combination of NaHS and KBX takes a better flotation performance than adding NaHS or KBX alone.Thermodynamic analysis,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) results confirm the stronger chemisorption of KBX occurs on the oxidized carrollite surface with NaHS,which is beneficial to remove the cobalt oxides,thus contributing to the superior floatability.Interestingly,less elemental sulfur was observed on the carrollite surface as the interaction of NaHS and KBX than adding NaHS alone.It suggests that elemental sulfur is not the main contributor to the restored floatability of oxidized carrollite through sulfidisation.This study provided a new perspective to correlate the surface species with xanthate adsorption and oxidized carrollite flotation through determining the various intermediate products.展开更多
基金Project(51274255)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject supported by the Co-innovation Center for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Metal Mineral Resources,China
文摘The effects of galvanic interaction between galena and pyrite on their flotation and electrochemical characters were studied by electrochemical,adsorption,flotation and FTIR techniques,respectively.Electrochemical tests indicate that galena is electrochemically more active than pyrite and serves as an anode in galvanic combination with pyrite.The galvanic current density from a mixture of galena and pyrite is 4 times as high as the self corrosion current density of galena,which indicates that the corrosion rate of galena is accelerated.Adsorption tests show that the adsorption of butyl xanthate on galena surface is enhanced,and affected by a combination of pyrite-galena mixtures and conditioning time.Compared with individual mineral particles,galvanic interaction reduces the floatability difference between galena and pyrite.The flotation recovery of galena decreases while that of pyrite increases when two minerals are mixed together due to the influence of galvanic interaction on the formation of hydrophilic/hydrophobic product.The FTIR results show that the formation of dixanthogen on pyrite surface is depressed due to the galvanic interaction.
基金Project(51274255)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject supported by the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Low-Grade Ores(Zijin Mining Group Co.,Ltd),China
文摘The hydrophobic flocculation of marmatite fines in aqueous suspensions induced by butyl xanthate （KBX） and ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate （ADD） was investigated using laser particle size analysis, microscopy analysis, electrophoretic light scattering, contact angle measurement and infrared spectroscopy. The studies were performed on single minerals with size 〈20 μm by varying several parameters, including pH, collector concentration and kerosene addition. The results show that the floc fotation closely correlated with the size of flocs and the particle hydrophobicity, but was not lowered with increasing the particle surface charges due to collector adsorption. Under good operating conditions, the floc flotation of marmatite fines as a function of KBX and ADD can all reach floatability over 90%, in comparison with conventional flotation obtaining floatability of about 60%. It also has been found that a small addition of kerosene greatly improved the floc flotation because of the formation of oil films on marmatite particles. The results of FTIR spectra indicate that adsorption of the two collectors onto marmatite were chemical adsorption.
基金Projects(51504053,51374079)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2015M571324)supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China
文摘In this paper,the effect of sodium butyl xanthate(NaBX)adsorption on the surface of bornite at different pH on flotation was studied by adsorption kinetic and thermodynamic.The flotation results demonstrated that the recovery was the highest when pH was 9 in NaBX solution(4×10^?5 mol/L).The adsorption kinetics showed the reaction of NaBX on the bornite conformed to the second order kinetic equation;it belonged to the multimolecular layer adsorption of Freundlich model;the maximum adsorption rate constant was 0.30 g/(10^?6 mol·min),and the equilibrium adsorption capacity was 2.70×10^?6 mol/g.Thermodynamic calculation results indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous chemisorption,and the adsorption products of NaBX on bornite surface were cupric butyl xanthate,ferric butyl xanthate and dixanthogen,which were confirmed by infrared spectrum measurements.
基金Project(51274255)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2015CX005)supported by Innovation Driven Plan of Central South University,China+1 种基金Project(2016RS2016)supported by Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Leader(Innovation Team of Interface Chemistry of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Complex Mineral Resources),ChinaProject supported by the Postdoctoral Research Station of Central South University,China
文摘To investigate effect of metallic ion activation on different particle sizes of quartz in butyl xanthate solution,six common ions(Pb^(2+),Cu^(2+),Fe^(3+),Fe^(2+),Mg^(2+) and Ca^(2+)) were introduced as activators.The approaches of micro-flotation,adsorption test and zeta potential measurement were adopted to reveal the mechanism of ion activation.The results show that Pb^(2+),Cu^(2+) and Fe^(3+) are effective activators for the flotation of quartz in butyl xanthate solution because of their absorption on activated quartz surface.Average recoveries of fine particles(<37 μm) are greater than those of coarser particles(37-74 μm),suggesting that the former is easier to be activated and more likely to be floated and thus entrained in sulphide concentrate.From another perspective,addition of metallic ions(Pb^(2+),Cu^(2+) and Fe^(3+)) renders zeta potentials move positively,and addition of the same metallic ions and butyl xanthate makes zeta potential drop apparently,which support a mechanism where they adsorb onto quartz surface,resulting in an expected increase in butyl xanthate collector adsorption with a concomitant increase in the flotation recoveries.
文摘Wolframite notation with benzyl arsonic acid and sodium butyl xanthate is studied,at first.It shows the efficiency of mineral processig is good when the two agents are added together.Then the synergism of sodium butyl xanthate and benzyl arsonic acid is studied also by HPLC.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Nos.51274104,50874052)National Key Basic Research Program of China(973,No.2011CB933700)
文摘The adsorption behavior of butyl xanthate on the surface of lead oxide was investigated using continuous online in situ attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared（ATR-FTIR） spectroscopy technique and two dimensional（2D） correlation analysis.The adsorbed layer studied was prepared by coating α-PbO particles onto the surfaces of the ZnSe crystal.The appearance of spectral peaks at 1203 cm^-1,1033 cm^-1 and their red shift indicated the formation and aggregation of xanthate at the surface of α-PbO.According to 1R intensity changes after rinsing with deionized water and a NaOH solution,the adsorption was proved to be a chemisorption type.The competition between xanthate and OH^- for the surfaces leads to desorption of xanthate at higher pH.The technique of 2D correlation ATR-FTIR spectroscopy was used to evaluate the changing order of spectral intensities in the adsorption process,and the results indicated that xanthate micelles were formed at the surfaces.The adsorption kinetics of butyl xanthate was found to be a pseudo-second-order reaction model and the adsorption capacity of butyl xanthate at α-PbO was as high as 281 mg g^-1 after 150 min.
文摘A simple and fast ultraviolet spectrophotometric method was used to determineselenium (Ⅳ) through the formation, separaion and quantitative determination of potassium butylxanthae -selenium complex. The complex absorbed light sharply at 375 nm. The optimum acidity ofthe complex formation was between pH 3.4 - 4.0. The absorption value was no change in 120 minutesafter the comlex was extracted by Carbon tetraChioride. The sensitivity of the colour reation was 0.2ng cm-2, The content of selenimp (Ⅳ) was within 0-30 μg and linear rclation was good,Y=0.07X＋0.025, relevent coefficient r＝0.9997. A great quantity of I, Cu, Co, the and SO4-2, PO4-3contained in .the Sample had no effect on the results ofdetenninion when seldsum was determined.When content of Fe was over l00gμg/ml and Zn was over 180μg/ml, there was diotance to the determination, but the disturbance was rem0ved by adding EDTA. When making use of the method todetermine containin seldsum additivef Cv =6.85, rate of recovery was 97.2%, wild jujubef;Cv=3.22,rate of recovery was 90. 1%, soil Samlef Cv=4.64, rate of recovery was 86.2%. The method for sensitivity measured was apprtoate to 2, 3-diamino naphthalene (DAN) fluorescence method.
基金supported by the Innovative Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. kzcx2-yw-102)the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 40525011, 40632011)
文摘Antimony （Sb） has received increasing environmental concerns due to its potential toxic and carcinogenic properties. In the present work, the electrocoagulation technique was used to treat the flotation wastewater from a heavy antimony polluted area, and the mechanism of removing Sb was also investigated. The study focused on the effect of operation parameters such as current density, initial pH and standing time on the Sb removal efficiency. Antimony concentration of below 1 mg/L in the treated wastewater was achieved, which meets the emission standards established by State Department of Environmental Protection and State Administration of China for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine of China.
基金Project(2012BAB08B03)supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China
文摘Adsorbing tests between CN? and chalcopyrite or galena were conducted firstly, and then flotation tests of the twocyaniding minerals were investigated in butyl xanthate (BX) system. Results showed that the interaction between CN? and the twomineral surfaces were both chemical adsorption and can be described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. In the optimumcondition of pH 6.5 and 4.0 mg/L BX, the recovery of cyaniding chalcopyrite and galena reached 82.1% and 63.9%, respectively. BXimproved the hydrophobicity of the surfaces of the two minerals, although CN? reduced the contact angle on the surface of minerals.The inhibitory effect of CN? on chalcopyrite far outweighed galena. Electrostatic adsorption exists in the interaction between BX andthe surface of galena after cyanide treatment in the pH range of 4.2?8.4, while the interactions between BX and the surface ofchalcopyrite after cyanide treatment is chemical adsorption.
基金supported by the Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IAGM-2019A08)。
文摘The surface species transformation of oxidized carrollite processing with NaHS and KBX was investigated.Flotation and contact angle tests indicate that the combination of NaHS and KBX takes a better flotation performance than adding NaHS or KBX alone.Thermodynamic analysis,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) results confirm the stronger chemisorption of KBX occurs on the oxidized carrollite surface with NaHS,which is beneficial to remove the cobalt oxides,thus contributing to the superior floatability.Interestingly,less elemental sulfur was observed on the carrollite surface as the interaction of NaHS and KBX than adding NaHS alone.It suggests that elemental sulfur is not the main contributor to the restored floatability of oxidized carrollite through sulfidisation.This study provided a new perspective to correlate the surface species with xanthate adsorption and oxidized carrollite flotation through determining the various intermediate products.
