The management of large-scale architectural engineering projects(e.g.,airports,hospitals)is plagued by information silos,cost overruns,and scheduling delays.While building information modeling(BIM)has improved 3D desi...The management of large-scale architectural engineering projects(e.g.,airports,hospitals)is plagued by information silos,cost overruns,and scheduling delays.While building information modeling(BIM)has improved 3D design coordination,its static nature limits its utility in real-time construction management and operational phases.This paper proposes a novel synergistic framework that integrates the static,deep data of BIM with the dynamic,real-time capabilities of digital twin(DT)technology.The framework establishes a closed-loop data flow from design(BIM)to construction(IoT,drones,BIM 360)to operation(DT platform).We detail the technological stack required,including IoT sensors,cloud computing,and AI-driven analytics.The application of this framework is illustrated through a simulated case study of a mega-terminal airport construction project,demonstrating potential reductions in rework by 15%,improvement in labor productivity by 10%,and enhanced predictive maintenance capabilities.This research contributes to the field of construction engineering by providing a practical model for achieving full lifecycle digitalization and intelligent project management.展开更多
The whole-process project cost management based on building information modeling(BIM)is a new management method,aiming to realize the comprehensive optimization and improvement of project cost management through the a...The whole-process project cost management based on building information modeling(BIM)is a new management method,aiming to realize the comprehensive optimization and improvement of project cost management through the application of BIM technology.This paper summarizes and analyzes the whole-process project cost management based on BIM,aiming to explore its application and development prospects in the construction industry.Firstly,this paper introduces the role and advantages of BIM technology in engineering cost management,including information integration,data sharing,and collaborative work.Secondly,the paper analyzes the key technologies and methods of the whole-process project cost management based on BIM,including model construction,data management,and cost control.In addition,the paper also discusses the challenges and limitations of the whole-process BIM project cost management,such as the inconsistency of technical standards,personnel training,and consciousness change.Finally,the paper summarizes the advantages and development prospects of the whole-process project cost management based on BIM and puts forward the direction and suggestions for future research.Through the research of this paper,it can provide a reference for construction cost management and promote innovation and development in the construction industry.展开更多
Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) provides a systematic approach to assess the total cost associated with owning, operating, and maintaining assets throughout their entire life. BIM empowers architects and designers to ...Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) provides a systematic approach to assess the total cost associated with owning, operating, and maintaining assets throughout their entire life. BIM empowers architects and designers to perform real-time evaluations to explore various design options. However, when integrated with LCCA, BIM provides a comprehensive economic perspective that helps stakeholders understand the long-term financial implications of design decisions. This study presents a methodology for developing a model that seamlessly integrates BIM and LCCA during the conceptual design stage of buildings. This integration allows for a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the design process, ensuring that the development aligns with the principles of low carbon emissions by employing modular construction, 3D concrete printing methods, and different building design alternatives. The model considers the initial construction costs in addition to all the long-term operational, maintenance, and salvage values. It combines various tools and data through different modules, including energy analysis, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), and Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) to execute a comprehensive assessment of the financial implications of a specific design option throughout the lifecycle of building projects. The development of the said model and its implementation involves the creation of a new plug-in for the BIM tool (i.e., Autodesk Revit) to enhance its functionalities and capabilities in forecasting the life-cycle costs of buildings in addition to generating associated cash flows, creating scenarios, and sensitivity analyses in an automatic manner. This model empowers designers to evaluate and justify their initial investments while designing and selecting potential construction methods for buildings, and enabling stakeholders to make informed decisions by assessing different design alternatives based on long-term financial considerations during the early stages of design.展开更多
Underground pipeline networks constitute a major component of urban infrastructure,and thus,it is imperative to have an efficient mechanism to manage them.This study introduces a secondary development system to effici...Underground pipeline networks constitute a major component of urban infrastructure,and thus,it is imperative to have an efficient mechanism to manage them.This study introduces a secondary development system to efficiently model underground pipeline networks,using the building information modeling(BIM)-based software Revit.The system comprises separate pipe point and tubulation models.Using a Revit application programming interface(API),the spatial position and attribute data of the pipe points are extracted from a pipeline database,and the corresponding tubulation data are extracted from a tubulation database.Using the Family class in Revit API,the cluster in the self-built library of pipe point is inserted into the spatial location and the attribute data is added;in the same way,all pipeline instances in the pipeline system are created.The extension and localization of the model accelerated the modeling speed.The system was then used in a real construction project.The expansion of the model database and rapid modeling made the application of BIM technology in three-dimensional visualization of underground pipeline networks more convenient.Furthermore,it has applications in pipeline engineering construction and management.展开更多
A projection of the Canadian population shows that in 2024 one in five Canadians will be over 65 years old. This shift forces designers to consider the entire lifetime of occupants during the design of new buildings. ...A projection of the Canadian population shows that in 2024 one in five Canadians will be over 65 years old. This shift forces designers to consider the entire lifetime of occupants during the design of new buildings. Universal Design (UD), which is a design that accommodates all people to the greatest extent possible and aging in place design that is deeply rooted in the principles of UD, aim to house people irrespective of their age, ability, and chronic health conditions. Building Information Modeling (BIM) significantly helps advance the development of the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry in a more collaborative and automated way. Integrating BIM and UD allows designers to incorporate UD standards easily and efficiently at the conceptual design stage of buildings by using the functionalities and capabilities of BIM tools. Therefore, this study presents the development of an automated computer model to facilitate the adoption of UD standards and processes. The novelty highlighted in this model resides in the creation of an automated method that employs a newly created plug-in and databases to assist designers to incorporate UD standards at the conceptual stage in a timely and cost-effective manner. Furthermore, the study introduces the methodology consisting of collecting, categorizing, and storing data from various universal design and accessible design guidelines in the developed databases and developing new plug-ins in BIM tool to link the developed databases in order to automate the process of retrieving necessary information and components to help designers and owners select optimal design alternatives based on their predefined criteria.展开更多
The building sector is the largest consumer of energy in industrial countries. Saving energy in new buildings or building renovations can thus lead to significant global environmental impacts. In this endeavor, buildi...The building sector is the largest consumer of energy in industrial countries. Saving energy in new buildings or building renovations can thus lead to significant global environmental impacts. In this endeavor, building information <span>modeling (BIM) and building energy modeling (BEM) are two important to</span>ols to make the transition to net-zero energy buildings (NZEB). So far, little attention has been devoted, in the literature, to discuss the connection between BIM, BEM, and Life-cycle assessment (LCA), which is the main topic of this article. A literature review of 157 journal articles and conference proceedings published between 1990 and 2020 is presented. This review outlines knowledge gaps concerning BIM, BEM, and environmental impact assessment. It suggests that defining the process with the right technology (at the right time) would result in a more integrated design process (IDP) and bridge current gaps. The most efficient way to improve process and technology is related to the competences of the architects, engineers and constructors (AEC). The review also indicates that the IDP in the early design phases (EDP) is in need of improvement for architects and engineers, where a better connection between design phases, specific levels of development (LOD) and BIM tools is needed. <span>Competences, process and technology are the three main themes addressed in the review. Their relation to design phases and LOD is discussed. The aim </span>is to propose possible solutions to the current hinders in BIM-to-BEM (BIM2BEM) and BIM-for-LCA (BIM4LCA) integration.展开更多
Building envelope is a fence that controls heat exchange between interior and exterior and plays an essential role in providing thermal comfort conditions of residents. In recent years, due to the necessity of conserv...Building envelope is a fence that controls heat exchange between interior and exterior and plays an essential role in providing thermal comfort conditions of residents. In recent years, due to the necessity of conserving energy and also preventing increased environmental pollution, the importance of sustainable construction has been doubled. Checking the problems of thermal behavior of the building envelope materials, and what influences in the heating and cooling loads exerted and energy consumption of buildings, are the questions that this research seeks to answer. In this regard, building information modelling analysis (BIM) has worthy contribution in the completion process of sustainable design;thus using software Design Builder, it is paid attention to simulation of the thermal behavior of two types of defined materials for the building envelope that was designed as a Research Institute of Renewable Energy of Yazd University. For Type 1 materials, two layers of brick have been selected, and for Type 2 a thermal insulation layer also added it. Results of the analysis showed that the use of materials Type 2 in the cooling load %4.8 and in the thermal load %62.5 reduction can be achieved which means reducing the load on active system and thus reducing the initial cost of building. Also reduction in annual energy consumption by almost %2.4 for cooling and %62.9 for heating buildings have been achieved, which makes saving non-renewable energy consumption, and consequently reducing environmental pollution as well as reducing current costs will be established.展开更多
Drawing on resource dependence theory, this paper develops and empirically tests a model for understanding how the implementation of building information modeling(BIM) in construction projects impacts the performance ...Drawing on resource dependence theory, this paper develops and empirically tests a model for understanding how the implementation of building information modeling(BIM) in construction projects impacts the performance of different project participating organizations through improving their interorganizational collaboration capabilities. Based on two sets of survey data collected from designers and general contractors in BIMbased construction projects in China, the results from partial least squares analysis and bootstrapping mediation test provide clear evidence that BIM-enabled capabilities of information sharing and collaborative decision-making as a whole play a significant role in determining BIMenabled efficiency and effectiveness benefits for both designers and general contractors. The results further reveal that designers and general contractors benefit from project BIM implementation activities significantly nonequivalently, and that this non-equivalence closely relates to the different roles played by designers and general contractors in BIM-enabled interorganizational resource exchange processes. The findings validate the resource dependence theory perspective of BIM as a boundary spanning tool to manage interorganizational resource dependence in construction projects, and contribute todeepened understandings of how and why project participating organizations benefit differently from the implementation of interorganizational information technologies like BIM.展开更多
The field of architecture,engineering,and construction(AEC)is continually striving to use resources efficiently and manage complex processes.Now more than ever,there is a strong need for digital transformation in AEC....The field of architecture,engineering,and construction(AEC)is continually striving to use resources efficiently and manage complex processes.Now more than ever,there is a strong need for digital transformation in AEC.The improvement in the accessibility of consumer-based head-mounted displays(HMD)is attracting different entertainment and research fields to immersive virtual reality(VR)applications.Building Information Modeling(BIM)is known as a promising technology in AEC.The full potential of BIM is not yet employed to empower this field,however,and this could be a result of some barriers still to be surmounted by BIM in both technological and management perspectives.One of these barriers is the communication and collaboration between design,construction,operation,and maintenance phases.VR can fill this gap by providing additional capabilities for BIM which either were not available before or were not possible to employ in practical ways.In this paper,we systematically review recent research around the application of VR in BIM and discuss the results using the PRISMA flowchart.We discuss the most commonly used technologies,software,and evaluation methods and the various applications of VR in the reviewed papers.Finally,we extend the discussion by summarizing the potential future work in this area.展开更多
Building information modeling(BIM) and project management are two major research topics that accommodate large volumes of research efforts. BIM has been interpreted as a process technology that aids in enhancing proje...Building information modeling(BIM) and project management are two major research topics that accommodate large volumes of research efforts. BIM has been interpreted as a process technology that aids in enhancing project management. Hence, the investigation from an interdisciplinary perspective of the two concepts may bring new insights to understanding related research.In this paper, a structural approach is adopted in reviewing BIM studies in project management from 2005 to 2017 within identified target journals. This review aims to classify the major research directions and topics for BIM research in project management. Moreover, given BIM's potential for application in project management, this paper attempts to establish a fundamental research foundation for a new paradigm of project management that incorporates BIM, namely, BIM-based project management. The preliminary result suggests that BIM research in project management develops drastically in the examined duration. The research directions of BIM studies in project management include enabling BIM as a technology in project management; BIM application as a solution for specific project management scopes; integration issues of BIM that have been brought to project management;institutional environment and regulatory governance of BIM in realizing project management strategies; and analysis of effects and strategies of BIM adoption and implementation in projects. The directions and trends are then analyzed to develop a research route for BIM studies in project management. Finally, conclusions focus on the relations of the research directions, as well as the contributions and theoretical implications of this review.Future research areas are also recommended.展开更多
Reasonable evacuation strategies are important in reducing casualties in the event of a fire.In this work,we conduct a simulation of a fire evacuation of a large public building based on the building information model...Reasonable evacuation strategies are important in reducing casualties in the event of a fire.In this work,we conduct a simulation of a fire evacuation of a large public building based on the building information modeling technology to find the best evacuation strategy.We identify the tolerance limit of evacuees in case of a fire as the basis of the simulation using the fire dynamics simulator software.The following four evacuation strategies are proposed and simulated:stratified evacuation only by stairs,stratified evacuation mainly by stairs and supplemented by fire elevators,holistic evacuation only by stairs,and holistic evacuation mainly by stairs and supplemented by fire elevators.The case study of a college canteen shows that if 10%of evacuees(mainly elderly people who walk slowly and children who take up less space)are instructed to evacuate via fire elevators and the other 90%of evacuees(young men and women who move fast)use the stairs,the evacuation time can be reduced to a minimum.Some improvements in the design drawing result in the enhanced efficiency of the proposed strategy.The findings of this work are of great significance for the optimization of the structural design of large public buildings and provide some references for emergency evacuation.展开更多
The integration of building information modeling(BIM)and lean construction(LC)provides a solution for the management of megaprojects.Previous studies have generally focused on the theoretical or empirical adoption of ...The integration of building information modeling(BIM)and lean construction(LC)provides a solution for the management of megaprojects.Previous studies have generally focused on the theoretical or empirical adoption of BIM and LC.Moreover,only a few studies have examined the approach of simultaneously using BIM and LC in megaprojects.Therefore,an intensive study on the application of BIM and LC in megaprojects,particularly to explore considerably effective integrated application modes of BIM and LC in megaprojects,will substantially promote the management efficiency of megaprojects.The current study describes a method that integrates owner-dominated BIM and LC that was developed in a case study.The proposed method provides a framework for all stakeholders to use BIM and LC in a megaproject dominated by the owner.The interactional relations among the owner,BIM,and LC were analyzed and positive interactions were identified.These positive interactions served as a basis for the implementation of this integrated approach in a case study and could be applied to other megaprojects.The megaproject(i.e.,airport construction project)was examined to verify the performance of the developed method.Results showed that the integration of BIM and LC dominated by the owner can improve management performance and achieve high quality standard.展开更多
INTRODUCTION Although visual programming is being broadly implemented in other disciplines,it has only relatively recently become an important supplement to three-dimensional modeling programs in the architecture,engi...INTRODUCTION Although visual programming is being broadly implemented in other disciplines,it has only relatively recently become an important supplement to three-dimensional modeling programs in the architecture,engineering,and construction industry.Currently,Grasshopper in conjunction with Rhino is a leading example of a visual programming environment that is strongly supported by a user community that is developing additional functionality,but Grasshopper does not yet work directly with building information modeling(BIM)software.Dynamo is relatively new,but shows considerable promise in becoming a constructive tool to complement BIM,3D modeling,and analysis programs because it includes parametric geom-etries and works with Revit,a leading BIM software program.Three case studies are described:extensibility of Dynamo through the use of a building energy simu-lation package,controlling a virtual model’s response through light level sensors,and interactively updating shading components for a building facade based on solar angles.They demonstrate that one can work directly within building information models(BIM)using a visual programming language through updating component parameters.These case studies demonstrate the feasibility of a workflow for sustain-able design simulations that is different than that more commonly used--having a separation between design and analysis models and using a neutral file format exchange such as IFC or gbXML to transfer data.As visual programming languages are still a bit uncommon in the building industry,a short background is provided to place them within the tool set of other customizable tools that designers have been developing.展开更多
Designs which address sustainability requirements are becoming increasingly desirable,as the objectives of sustainable design reduce resource depletion of energy,water,and raw materials;prevent environmental degradati...Designs which address sustainability requirements are becoming increasingly desirable,as the objectives of sustainable design reduce resource depletion of energy,water,and raw materials;prevent environmental degradation caused throughout their lifecycle;provide safe,comfortable and healthy living environments.Currently,sustainability in the building domain is judged against standards codified in rating systems.That is,design choices are validated,by measuring design performance against criteria specified by the rating system.Advances in building technologies,design and evaluation tools,and government policies together with tools to benchmark sustainability have created the momentum which fuels an increasing trend towards sustainable building design.However,certification is expensive.It is labor intensive,involving large volumes of data aggregation and information accounting,which,despite the best of intentions,often become a deterrent to designers and the design process.Compliance with a sustainability rating system is not mandatory;increasingly,it is becoming a goal that many designers and authorities would like to achieve.In turn,this demands a cost lowering improvement to the certification process.Since designers mainly tend to employ commercial design tools,it becomes imperative to create a general approach that utilizes information already available in digital form and combine it with rating system information requirements.The challenge lies in identifying informational requirements from rating systems,representing them in computable forms,mapping them to information available from a commercial design tool and evaluating the performance of the design.In this paper we present an overall framework for organizing,managing,and representing sustainability information requirements;to demonstrate an approach to integrating sustainability evaluations in a design environment.We employ a commercially available building information modeler and a sustainable building rating system to develop a process that bridges sustainability assessment requirements with information from the model for pre-evaluation prior to submission for certification.This will enable designers,owners,contractors and other professionals to communicate strategies and make informed decisions to achieve sustainability goals for a project.展开更多
为了保证运维阶段桥梁结构安全,提升桥梁运维工作的效率,开展公路混凝土梁式桥运维阶段建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)技术应用研究。在对公路桥梁现行编码体系进行扩展的基础上,提出1种参数化快速建模方法,以快速完...为了保证运维阶段桥梁结构安全,提升桥梁运维工作的效率,开展公路混凝土梁式桥运维阶段建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)技术应用研究。在对公路桥梁现行编码体系进行扩展的基础上,提出1种参数化快速建模方法,以快速完成桥梁构件族的创建与整体模型的集成。借助Autodesk Revit软件应用程序编程接口(application programming interface,API),采用C#语言,开发公路混凝土梁式桥智慧运维状态评估系统,以实际工程应用进行验证分析。研究结果表明:全面统一的桥梁信息编码体系,能够提高桥梁信息统计与检索效率;提出的快速建模方法能够显著减少建模工作量,建模时间较传统建模方法可减少60%,并保证模型的准确性与规范性;运维状态评估系统能够实现养护数据的充分利用与桥梁评定工作的自动化,通过对桥梁运维信息的有效组织,实现服役性能的长期追踪,从而确保运营期桥梁结构状态安全稳定。研究结果可为公路混凝土梁式桥运维管理提供技术支撑,提升桥梁运维的数字化水平。展开更多
This study unfolds an innovative approach aiming to address the critical role of building design in global energy consumption, focusing on optimizing the Window-to-Wall Ratio (WWR), since buildings account for approxi...This study unfolds an innovative approach aiming to address the critical role of building design in global energy consumption, focusing on optimizing the Window-to-Wall Ratio (WWR), since buildings account for approximately 30% of total energy consumed worldwide. The greatest contributors to energy expenditure in buildings are internal artificial lighting and heating and cooling systems. The WWR, determined by the proportion of the building’s glazed area to its wall area, is a significant factor influencing energy efficiency and minimizing energy load. This study introduces the development of a semi-automated computer model designed to offer a real-time, interactive simulation environment, fostering improving communication and engagement between designers and owners. The said model serves to optimize both the WWR and building orientation to align with occupants’ needs and expectations, subsequently reducing annual energy consumption and enhancing the overall building energy performance. The integrated model incorporates Building Information Modeling (BIM), Virtual Reality (VR), and Energy Analysis tools deployed at the conceptual design stage, allowing for the amalgamation of owners’ inputs in the design process and facilitating the creation of more realistic and effective design strategies.展开更多
Computer vision-based inspection methods show promise for automating post-earthquake building inspections.These methods survey a building with unmanned aerial vehicles and automatically detect damage in the collected ...Computer vision-based inspection methods show promise for automating post-earthquake building inspections.These methods survey a building with unmanned aerial vehicles and automatically detect damage in the collected images.Nevertheless,assessing the damage′s impact on structural safety requires localizing damage to specific building components with known design and function.This paper proposes a BIM-based automated inspection framework to provide context for visual surveys.A deep learning-based semantic segmentation algorithm is trained to automatically identify damage in images.The BIM automatically associates any identified damage with specific building components.Then,components are classified into damage states consistent with component fragility models for integration with a structural analysis.To demonstrate the framework,methods are developed to photorealistically simulate severe structural damage in a synthetic computer graphics environment.A graphics model of a real building in Urbana,Illinois,is generated to test the framework;the model is integrated with a structural analysis to apply earthquake damage in a physically realistic manner.A simulated UAV survey is flown of the graphics model and the framework is applied.The method achieves high accuracy in assigning damage states to visible structural components.This assignment enables integration with a performance-based earthquake assessment to classify building safety.展开更多
As-built building information model （BIM） is an urgent need of the architecture, engineering, construction and facilities management （AEC/FM） community. However, its creation procedure is still labor-intensive and...As-built building information model （BIM） is an urgent need of the architecture, engineering, construction and facilities management （AEC/FM） community. However, its creation procedure is still labor-intensive and far from maturity. Taking advantage of prevalence of digital cameras and the development of advanced computer vision technology, the paper proposes to reconstruct a building facade and recognize its surface materials from images taken from various points of view. These can serve as initial steps towards automatic generation of as-built BIM. Specifically, 3D point clouds are generated from multiple images using structure from motion method and then segmented into planar components, which are further recognized as different structural components through knowledge based reasoning. Windows are detected through a multilayered complementary strategy by combining detection results from every semantic layer. A novel machine learning based 3D material recognition strategy is presented. Binary classifiers are trained through support vector machines. Material type at a given 3D location is predicted by all its corresponding 2D feature points. Experimental results from three existing buildings validate the proposed system.展开更多
Building Performance Simulation(BPS)has been adopted as an essential tool for designing,operating,and retrofitting buildings to optimize energy efficiency throughout the building life cycle.The Green Building XML(gbXM...Building Performance Simulation(BPS)has been adopted as an essential tool for designing,operating,and retrofitting buildings to optimize energy efficiency throughout the building life cycle.The Green Building XML(gbXML)schema facilitates seamless data exchange between Building Information Modeling(BIM)and Building Energy Modeling(BEM)software tools.However,limited occupant behavior(OB)representation in BIM often leads to inconsistent and inaccurate energy simulation in BEM software.This paper presents 154 systematic enhancements to the existing occupant behavior XML(obXML)schema v1.3.4,initially developed for standardizing OB representation for BEM,to address existing limitations and improve interoperability with BIM models.The enhancements encompass improved integration with BIM models through extended building representations and system operations,expanded support for advanced OB models with additional environmental parameters and mathematical capabilities,and implementation of a standardized model documentation framework.To facilitate seamless data transformation between gbXML and obXML schemas,we developed a publicly available gb-obXML Schema Converter.Three case studies demonstrate the enhanced schema’s capabilities:representation of building information using a two-story office building model,documentation of a window operation behavior model,and validation of the schema converter’s functionality.The enhanced obXML schema v1.4 enables sophisticated modeling of occupant-building interactions while maintaining consistency with industry-standard BIM schemas.The standardized documentation framework facilitates reproducibility and knowledge sharing in the OB research community,while the schema converter automates the integration of building information into OB simulation workflows.These enhancements establish a foundation for more accurate building performance simulation by supporting sophisticated representation of occupant behavior within the BIM-to-BEM simulation workflows.展开更多
Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a technology and a process that has brought changes in the construction’s traditional procurement system. Kenya lacks contractual guidelines on implementation of BIM;this makes...Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a technology and a process that has brought changes in the construction’s traditional procurement system. Kenya lacks contractual guidelines on implementation of BIM;this makes the adoption of BIM slow and difficult. Previous research has identified a gap in contractual relationships, roles and resulting risks. The objectives of this study were to investigate BIM adoption in Nairobi and to investigate the influence of BIM on Engineering Contract Management (ECM)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in Nairobi Kenya</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. The survey research was a descriptive study with 175 responsive questionnaires. Respondents comprised of Civil Engineers, Construction Project Managers, Architects, Quantity Surveyors, Contractors and Facility Managers. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaire and in-depth interview. Descriptive analytics, correlation and Exploratory factor analysis methods were used to analyse quantitative data. Qualitative data was analysed thematically. It emerged that adoption level was at 56.6% and shallow understanding of BIM capabilities remains to be a barrier to its adoption and implementation. It also emerged that BIM improves ECM;when time, cost, quality, collaboration and return on investment improve, ECM becomes easier. Latent factors found in BIM and ECM relationship were Legal Implications, awareness and knowledge, efficiency, versatility, mandate and leadership, and competitiveness. Further, the study found out that BIM influence on ECM demands for establishment of standards, guidelines, policy, legal framework, and regulations, which can be achieved by amending the public procurement act which dictates the operation of all the other standard forms of contract. Further research should be conducted to measure whether the understanding of BIM had positively improved.展开更多
文摘The management of large-scale architectural engineering projects(e.g.,airports,hospitals)is plagued by information silos,cost overruns,and scheduling delays.While building information modeling(BIM)has improved 3D design coordination,its static nature limits its utility in real-time construction management and operational phases.This paper proposes a novel synergistic framework that integrates the static,deep data of BIM with the dynamic,real-time capabilities of digital twin(DT)technology.The framework establishes a closed-loop data flow from design(BIM)to construction(IoT,drones,BIM 360)to operation(DT platform).We detail the technological stack required,including IoT sensors,cloud computing,and AI-driven analytics.The application of this framework is illustrated through a simulated case study of a mega-terminal airport construction project,demonstrating potential reductions in rework by 15%,improvement in labor productivity by 10%,and enhanced predictive maintenance capabilities.This research contributes to the field of construction engineering by providing a practical model for achieving full lifecycle digitalization and intelligent project management.
文摘The whole-process project cost management based on building information modeling(BIM)is a new management method,aiming to realize the comprehensive optimization and improvement of project cost management through the application of BIM technology.This paper summarizes and analyzes the whole-process project cost management based on BIM,aiming to explore its application and development prospects in the construction industry.Firstly,this paper introduces the role and advantages of BIM technology in engineering cost management,including information integration,data sharing,and collaborative work.Secondly,the paper analyzes the key technologies and methods of the whole-process project cost management based on BIM,including model construction,data management,and cost control.In addition,the paper also discusses the challenges and limitations of the whole-process BIM project cost management,such as the inconsistency of technical standards,personnel training,and consciousness change.Finally,the paper summarizes the advantages and development prospects of the whole-process project cost management based on BIM and puts forward the direction and suggestions for future research.Through the research of this paper,it can provide a reference for construction cost management and promote innovation and development in the construction industry.
文摘Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) provides a systematic approach to assess the total cost associated with owning, operating, and maintaining assets throughout their entire life. BIM empowers architects and designers to perform real-time evaluations to explore various design options. However, when integrated with LCCA, BIM provides a comprehensive economic perspective that helps stakeholders understand the long-term financial implications of design decisions. This study presents a methodology for developing a model that seamlessly integrates BIM and LCCA during the conceptual design stage of buildings. This integration allows for a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the design process, ensuring that the development aligns with the principles of low carbon emissions by employing modular construction, 3D concrete printing methods, and different building design alternatives. The model considers the initial construction costs in addition to all the long-term operational, maintenance, and salvage values. It combines various tools and data through different modules, including energy analysis, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), and Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) to execute a comprehensive assessment of the financial implications of a specific design option throughout the lifecycle of building projects. The development of the said model and its implementation involves the creation of a new plug-in for the BIM tool (i.e., Autodesk Revit) to enhance its functionalities and capabilities in forecasting the life-cycle costs of buildings in addition to generating associated cash flows, creating scenarios, and sensitivity analyses in an automatic manner. This model empowers designers to evaluate and justify their initial investments while designing and selecting potential construction methods for buildings, and enabling stakeholders to make informed decisions by assessing different design alternatives based on long-term financial considerations during the early stages of design.
基金supported by a grant(No.14DZ2292800,http://www.greengeo.net/)from“Technology Service Platform of Civil Engineering”of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality.
文摘Underground pipeline networks constitute a major component of urban infrastructure,and thus,it is imperative to have an efficient mechanism to manage them.This study introduces a secondary development system to efficiently model underground pipeline networks,using the building information modeling(BIM)-based software Revit.The system comprises separate pipe point and tubulation models.Using a Revit application programming interface(API),the spatial position and attribute data of the pipe points are extracted from a pipeline database,and the corresponding tubulation data are extracted from a tubulation database.Using the Family class in Revit API,the cluster in the self-built library of pipe point is inserted into the spatial location and the attribute data is added;in the same way,all pipeline instances in the pipeline system are created.The extension and localization of the model accelerated the modeling speed.The system was then used in a real construction project.The expansion of the model database and rapid modeling made the application of BIM technology in three-dimensional visualization of underground pipeline networks more convenient.Furthermore,it has applications in pipeline engineering construction and management.
文摘A projection of the Canadian population shows that in 2024 one in five Canadians will be over 65 years old. This shift forces designers to consider the entire lifetime of occupants during the design of new buildings. Universal Design (UD), which is a design that accommodates all people to the greatest extent possible and aging in place design that is deeply rooted in the principles of UD, aim to house people irrespective of their age, ability, and chronic health conditions. Building Information Modeling (BIM) significantly helps advance the development of the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry in a more collaborative and automated way. Integrating BIM and UD allows designers to incorporate UD standards easily and efficiently at the conceptual design stage of buildings by using the functionalities and capabilities of BIM tools. Therefore, this study presents the development of an automated computer model to facilitate the adoption of UD standards and processes. The novelty highlighted in this model resides in the creation of an automated method that employs a newly created plug-in and databases to assist designers to incorporate UD standards at the conceptual stage in a timely and cost-effective manner. Furthermore, the study introduces the methodology consisting of collecting, categorizing, and storing data from various universal design and accessible design guidelines in the developed databases and developing new plug-ins in BIM tool to link the developed databases in order to automate the process of retrieving necessary information and components to help designers and owners select optimal design alternatives based on their predefined criteria.
文摘The building sector is the largest consumer of energy in industrial countries. Saving energy in new buildings or building renovations can thus lead to significant global environmental impacts. In this endeavor, building information <span>modeling (BIM) and building energy modeling (BEM) are two important to</span>ols to make the transition to net-zero energy buildings (NZEB). So far, little attention has been devoted, in the literature, to discuss the connection between BIM, BEM, and Life-cycle assessment (LCA), which is the main topic of this article. A literature review of 157 journal articles and conference proceedings published between 1990 and 2020 is presented. This review outlines knowledge gaps concerning BIM, BEM, and environmental impact assessment. It suggests that defining the process with the right technology (at the right time) would result in a more integrated design process (IDP) and bridge current gaps. The most efficient way to improve process and technology is related to the competences of the architects, engineers and constructors (AEC). The review also indicates that the IDP in the early design phases (EDP) is in need of improvement for architects and engineers, where a better connection between design phases, specific levels of development (LOD) and BIM tools is needed. <span>Competences, process and technology are the three main themes addressed in the review. Their relation to design phases and LOD is discussed. The aim </span>is to propose possible solutions to the current hinders in BIM-to-BEM (BIM2BEM) and BIM-for-LCA (BIM4LCA) integration.
文摘Building envelope is a fence that controls heat exchange between interior and exterior and plays an essential role in providing thermal comfort conditions of residents. In recent years, due to the necessity of conserving energy and also preventing increased environmental pollution, the importance of sustainable construction has been doubled. Checking the problems of thermal behavior of the building envelope materials, and what influences in the heating and cooling loads exerted and energy consumption of buildings, are the questions that this research seeks to answer. In this regard, building information modelling analysis (BIM) has worthy contribution in the completion process of sustainable design;thus using software Design Builder, it is paid attention to simulation of the thermal behavior of two types of defined materials for the building envelope that was designed as a Research Institute of Renewable Energy of Yazd University. For Type 1 materials, two layers of brick have been selected, and for Type 2 a thermal insulation layer also added it. Results of the analysis showed that the use of materials Type 2 in the cooling load %4.8 and in the thermal load %62.5 reduction can be achieved which means reducing the load on active system and thus reducing the initial cost of building. Also reduction in annual energy consumption by almost %2.4 for cooling and %62.9 for heating buildings have been achieved, which makes saving non-renewable energy consumption, and consequently reducing environmental pollution as well as reducing current costs will be established.
基金supported by the Public Policy Research Funding Scheme in Hong Kong (Grant No. 2014. A6.054.15B)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 71272046)
文摘Drawing on resource dependence theory, this paper develops and empirically tests a model for understanding how the implementation of building information modeling(BIM) in construction projects impacts the performance of different project participating organizations through improving their interorganizational collaboration capabilities. Based on two sets of survey data collected from designers and general contractors in BIMbased construction projects in China, the results from partial least squares analysis and bootstrapping mediation test provide clear evidence that BIM-enabled capabilities of information sharing and collaborative decision-making as a whole play a significant role in determining BIMenabled efficiency and effectiveness benefits for both designers and general contractors. The results further reveal that designers and general contractors benefit from project BIM implementation activities significantly nonequivalently, and that this non-equivalence closely relates to the different roles played by designers and general contractors in BIM-enabled interorganizational resource exchange processes. The findings validate the resource dependence theory perspective of BIM as a boundary spanning tool to manage interorganizational resource dependence in construction projects, and contribute todeepened understandings of how and why project participating organizations benefit differently from the implementation of interorganizational information technologies like BIM.
基金supported byÖsterreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft and TU Graz Open Access Publishing Fund.
文摘The field of architecture,engineering,and construction(AEC)is continually striving to use resources efficiently and manage complex processes.Now more than ever,there is a strong need for digital transformation in AEC.The improvement in the accessibility of consumer-based head-mounted displays(HMD)is attracting different entertainment and research fields to immersive virtual reality(VR)applications.Building Information Modeling(BIM)is known as a promising technology in AEC.The full potential of BIM is not yet employed to empower this field,however,and this could be a result of some barriers still to be surmounted by BIM in both technological and management perspectives.One of these barriers is the communication and collaboration between design,construction,operation,and maintenance phases.VR can fill this gap by providing additional capabilities for BIM which either were not available before or were not possible to employ in practical ways.In this paper,we systematically review recent research around the application of VR in BIM and discuss the results using the PRISMA flowchart.We discuss the most commonly used technologies,software,and evaluation methods and the various applications of VR in the reviewed papers.Finally,we extend the discussion by summarizing the potential future work in this area.
基金conducted under the framework of a joint Ph.D. program of the IDMR of Sichuan University and The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, which was funded by the Hong Kong Jockey Club
文摘Building information modeling(BIM) and project management are two major research topics that accommodate large volumes of research efforts. BIM has been interpreted as a process technology that aids in enhancing project management. Hence, the investigation from an interdisciplinary perspective of the two concepts may bring new insights to understanding related research.In this paper, a structural approach is adopted in reviewing BIM studies in project management from 2005 to 2017 within identified target journals. This review aims to classify the major research directions and topics for BIM research in project management. Moreover, given BIM's potential for application in project management, this paper attempts to establish a fundamental research foundation for a new paradigm of project management that incorporates BIM, namely, BIM-based project management. The preliminary result suggests that BIM research in project management develops drastically in the examined duration. The research directions of BIM studies in project management include enabling BIM as a technology in project management; BIM application as a solution for specific project management scopes; integration issues of BIM that have been brought to project management;institutional environment and regulatory governance of BIM in realizing project management strategies; and analysis of effects and strategies of BIM adoption and implementation in projects. The directions and trends are then analyzed to develop a research route for BIM studies in project management. Finally, conclusions focus on the relations of the research directions, as well as the contributions and theoretical implications of this review.Future research areas are also recommended.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71872002)the Major Project of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Education Department of Anhui Province(No.SK2020ZD16)the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Anhui Higher Education Institutes(No.CS2019-ZD02).
文摘Reasonable evacuation strategies are important in reducing casualties in the event of a fire.In this work,we conduct a simulation of a fire evacuation of a large public building based on the building information modeling technology to find the best evacuation strategy.We identify the tolerance limit of evacuees in case of a fire as the basis of the simulation using the fire dynamics simulator software.The following four evacuation strategies are proposed and simulated:stratified evacuation only by stairs,stratified evacuation mainly by stairs and supplemented by fire elevators,holistic evacuation only by stairs,and holistic evacuation mainly by stairs and supplemented by fire elevators.The case study of a college canteen shows that if 10%of evacuees(mainly elderly people who walk slowly and children who take up less space)are instructed to evacuate via fire elevators and the other 90%of evacuees(young men and women who move fast)use the stairs,the evacuation time can be reduced to a minimum.Some improvements in the design drawing result in the enhanced efficiency of the proposed strategy.The findings of this work are of great significance for the optimization of the structural design of large public buildings and provide some references for emergency evacuation.
基金This study was supported by the Key Research Projects in Colleges and Universities(15A560021)Key Research Projects of Henan Science and Technology Department(182107000007).
文摘The integration of building information modeling(BIM)and lean construction(LC)provides a solution for the management of megaprojects.Previous studies have generally focused on the theoretical or empirical adoption of BIM and LC.Moreover,only a few studies have examined the approach of simultaneously using BIM and LC in megaprojects.Therefore,an intensive study on the application of BIM and LC in megaprojects,particularly to explore considerably effective integrated application modes of BIM and LC in megaprojects,will substantially promote the management efficiency of megaprojects.The current study describes a method that integrates owner-dominated BIM and LC that was developed in a case study.The proposed method provides a framework for all stakeholders to use BIM and LC in a megaproject dominated by the owner.The interactional relations among the owner,BIM,and LC were analyzed and positive interactions were identified.These positive interactions served as a basis for the implementation of this integrated approach in a case study and could be applied to other megaprojects.The megaproject(i.e.,airport construction project)was examined to verify the performance of the developed method.Results showed that the integration of BIM and LC dominated by the owner can improve management performance and achieve high quality standard.
文摘INTRODUCTION Although visual programming is being broadly implemented in other disciplines,it has only relatively recently become an important supplement to three-dimensional modeling programs in the architecture,engineering,and construction industry.Currently,Grasshopper in conjunction with Rhino is a leading example of a visual programming environment that is strongly supported by a user community that is developing additional functionality,but Grasshopper does not yet work directly with building information modeling(BIM)software.Dynamo is relatively new,but shows considerable promise in becoming a constructive tool to complement BIM,3D modeling,and analysis programs because it includes parametric geom-etries and works with Revit,a leading BIM software program.Three case studies are described:extensibility of Dynamo through the use of a building energy simu-lation package,controlling a virtual model’s response through light level sensors,and interactively updating shading components for a building facade based on solar angles.They demonstrate that one can work directly within building information models(BIM)using a visual programming language through updating component parameters.These case studies demonstrate the feasibility of a workflow for sustain-able design simulations that is different than that more commonly used--having a separation between design and analysis models and using a neutral file format exchange such as IFC or gbXML to transfer data.As visual programming languages are still a bit uncommon in the building industry,a short background is provided to place them within the tool set of other customizable tools that designers have been developing.
文摘Designs which address sustainability requirements are becoming increasingly desirable,as the objectives of sustainable design reduce resource depletion of energy,water,and raw materials;prevent environmental degradation caused throughout their lifecycle;provide safe,comfortable and healthy living environments.Currently,sustainability in the building domain is judged against standards codified in rating systems.That is,design choices are validated,by measuring design performance against criteria specified by the rating system.Advances in building technologies,design and evaluation tools,and government policies together with tools to benchmark sustainability have created the momentum which fuels an increasing trend towards sustainable building design.However,certification is expensive.It is labor intensive,involving large volumes of data aggregation and information accounting,which,despite the best of intentions,often become a deterrent to designers and the design process.Compliance with a sustainability rating system is not mandatory;increasingly,it is becoming a goal that many designers and authorities would like to achieve.In turn,this demands a cost lowering improvement to the certification process.Since designers mainly tend to employ commercial design tools,it becomes imperative to create a general approach that utilizes information already available in digital form and combine it with rating system information requirements.The challenge lies in identifying informational requirements from rating systems,representing them in computable forms,mapping them to information available from a commercial design tool and evaluating the performance of the design.In this paper we present an overall framework for organizing,managing,and representing sustainability information requirements;to demonstrate an approach to integrating sustainability evaluations in a design environment.We employ a commercially available building information modeler and a sustainable building rating system to develop a process that bridges sustainability assessment requirements with information from the model for pre-evaluation prior to submission for certification.This will enable designers,owners,contractors and other professionals to communicate strategies and make informed decisions to achieve sustainability goals for a project.
文摘This study unfolds an innovative approach aiming to address the critical role of building design in global energy consumption, focusing on optimizing the Window-to-Wall Ratio (WWR), since buildings account for approximately 30% of total energy consumed worldwide. The greatest contributors to energy expenditure in buildings are internal artificial lighting and heating and cooling systems. The WWR, determined by the proportion of the building’s glazed area to its wall area, is a significant factor influencing energy efficiency and minimizing energy load. This study introduces the development of a semi-automated computer model designed to offer a real-time, interactive simulation environment, fostering improving communication and engagement between designers and owners. The said model serves to optimize both the WWR and building orientation to align with occupants’ needs and expectations, subsequently reducing annual energy consumption and enhancing the overall building energy performance. The integrated model incorporates Building Information Modeling (BIM), Virtual Reality (VR), and Energy Analysis tools deployed at the conceptual design stage, allowing for the amalgamation of owners’ inputs in the design process and facilitating the creation of more realistic and effective design strategies.
基金Financial support for this research was provided in part by the US Army Corps of Engineers through a subaward from the University of California,San Diego,USA。
文摘Computer vision-based inspection methods show promise for automating post-earthquake building inspections.These methods survey a building with unmanned aerial vehicles and automatically detect damage in the collected images.Nevertheless,assessing the damage′s impact on structural safety requires localizing damage to specific building components with known design and function.This paper proposes a BIM-based automated inspection framework to provide context for visual surveys.A deep learning-based semantic segmentation algorithm is trained to automatically identify damage in images.The BIM automatically associates any identified damage with specific building components.Then,components are classified into damage states consistent with component fragility models for integration with a structural analysis.To demonstrate the framework,methods are developed to photorealistically simulate severe structural damage in a synthetic computer graphics environment.A graphics model of a real building in Urbana,Illinois,is generated to test the framework;the model is integrated with a structural analysis to apply earthquake damage in a physically realistic manner.A simulated UAV survey is flown of the graphics model and the framework is applied.The method achieves high accuracy in assigning damage states to visible structural components.This assignment enables integration with a performance-based earthquake assessment to classify building safety.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51208425)Research Foundation of Northwestern Polytechnical University(No.JCY20130127)
文摘As-built building information model （BIM） is an urgent need of the architecture, engineering, construction and facilities management （AEC/FM） community. However, its creation procedure is still labor-intensive and far from maturity. Taking advantage of prevalence of digital cameras and the development of advanced computer vision technology, the paper proposes to reconstruct a building facade and recognize its surface materials from images taken from various points of view. These can serve as initial steps towards automatic generation of as-built BIM. Specifically, 3D point clouds are generated from multiple images using structure from motion method and then segmented into planar components, which are further recognized as different structural components through knowledge based reasoning. Windows are detected through a multilayered complementary strategy by combining detection results from every semantic layer. A novel machine learning based 3D material recognition strategy is presented. Binary classifiers are trained through support vector machines. Material type at a given 3D location is predicted by all its corresponding 2D feature points. Experimental results from three existing buildings validate the proposed system.
文摘Building Performance Simulation(BPS)has been adopted as an essential tool for designing,operating,and retrofitting buildings to optimize energy efficiency throughout the building life cycle.The Green Building XML(gbXML)schema facilitates seamless data exchange between Building Information Modeling(BIM)and Building Energy Modeling(BEM)software tools.However,limited occupant behavior(OB)representation in BIM often leads to inconsistent and inaccurate energy simulation in BEM software.This paper presents 154 systematic enhancements to the existing occupant behavior XML(obXML)schema v1.3.4,initially developed for standardizing OB representation for BEM,to address existing limitations and improve interoperability with BIM models.The enhancements encompass improved integration with BIM models through extended building representations and system operations,expanded support for advanced OB models with additional environmental parameters and mathematical capabilities,and implementation of a standardized model documentation framework.To facilitate seamless data transformation between gbXML and obXML schemas,we developed a publicly available gb-obXML Schema Converter.Three case studies demonstrate the enhanced schema’s capabilities:representation of building information using a two-story office building model,documentation of a window operation behavior model,and validation of the schema converter’s functionality.The enhanced obXML schema v1.4 enables sophisticated modeling of occupant-building interactions while maintaining consistency with industry-standard BIM schemas.The standardized documentation framework facilitates reproducibility and knowledge sharing in the OB research community,while the schema converter automates the integration of building information into OB simulation workflows.These enhancements establish a foundation for more accurate building performance simulation by supporting sophisticated representation of occupant behavior within the BIM-to-BEM simulation workflows.
文摘Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a technology and a process that has brought changes in the construction’s traditional procurement system. Kenya lacks contractual guidelines on implementation of BIM;this makes the adoption of BIM slow and difficult. Previous research has identified a gap in contractual relationships, roles and resulting risks. The objectives of this study were to investigate BIM adoption in Nairobi and to investigate the influence of BIM on Engineering Contract Management (ECM)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in Nairobi Kenya</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. The survey research was a descriptive study with 175 responsive questionnaires. Respondents comprised of Civil Engineers, Construction Project Managers, Architects, Quantity Surveyors, Contractors and Facility Managers. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaire and in-depth interview. Descriptive analytics, correlation and Exploratory factor analysis methods were used to analyse quantitative data. Qualitative data was analysed thematically. It emerged that adoption level was at 56.6% and shallow understanding of BIM capabilities remains to be a barrier to its adoption and implementation. It also emerged that BIM improves ECM;when time, cost, quality, collaboration and return on investment improve, ECM becomes easier. Latent factors found in BIM and ECM relationship were Legal Implications, awareness and knowledge, efficiency, versatility, mandate and leadership, and competitiveness. Further, the study found out that BIM influence on ECM demands for establishment of standards, guidelines, policy, legal framework, and regulations, which can be achieved by amending the public procurement act which dictates the operation of all the other standard forms of contract. Further research should be conducted to measure whether the understanding of BIM had positively improved.
