We conducted a field campaign to investigate the chemical composition,sources,and light absorption of submicron aerosols(PM_(1))from early 2022 in Nanjing,China.The average concentration of PM_(1) was 31μg m^(−3),org...We conducted a field campaign to investigate the chemical composition,sources,and light absorption of submicron aerosols(PM_(1))from early 2022 in Nanjing,China.The average concentration of PM_(1) was 31μg m^(−3),organics(33%)constituted the largest fraction,followed by nitrate(30%),sulfate(18%),ammonium(15%),chloride(3%),and rBC(2%).Four organic aerosol(OA)subcomponents were identified,including two primary OA(POA)and two secondary OA(SOA).The less-oxidized SOA(LO-OOA)contributes the most to the total OA mass(59%).LO-OOA is tightly correlated with the tracer ion C_(2)H_(4)O_(2)^(+)from levoglucosan,and another aged biomass-burning derived species,K_(3)SO_(4)^(+),suggesting it was likely influenced by aged biomass-burning OA.Our study also revealed that fireworks during the Spring Festival have a detrimental impact on air quality,contributing to secondary formation and accumulation under static winter meteorological conditions,prolonging the pollution duration.Also,LO-OOA was found to have the strongest light-absorbing ability.Our results highlight that the light absorption of LO-OOA can mainly be attributed to the C_(x)H_(y)N^(+) family,increased with the double-bond equivalent value.The more-oxidized SOA(MO-OOA)exhibited a negligible light absorption and was strongly correlated with daytime photochemical processes,implying a light-bleaching effect.This study enhances our understanding of the regional contribution of biomass combustion and fireworks to PM_(1) pollution in Nanjing,a typical megacity in the Yangtze River Delta region,during winter,aiding in the development of strategies for long-term air quality improvement in the region.展开更多
Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is defined by autoimmune-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells.Impaired insulin secretion due to β-cell apoptosis and islet massloss is the main feature of T1D[1].Curre...Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is defined by autoimmune-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells.Impaired insulin secretion due to β-cell apoptosis and islet massloss is the main feature of T1D[1].Current therapeutic strategies for T1D are mainly through subcutaneous administration of insulin or islet/pancreas transplantation.展开更多
This article explores crossover literature, that is, literature transcending age boundaries and, in particular, the boundaries between adult and child readership. This article suggests that texts transcending age boun...This article explores crossover literature, that is, literature transcending age boundaries and, in particular, the boundaries between adult and child readership. This article suggests that texts transcending age boundaries are not a recent phenomenon—adults have almost always existed in children’s literature as a background authority or a hidden and even active addressee. But it is the changes in a social, historical, and cultural context that call for a new term, crossover, to designate this phenomenon. Central to the discussion of crossover literature is how to conceptualise the different readings that a text can elicit from child and adult readers. Drawing on developments in cognitive literary studies, this article argues that crossover literature is characterised by its potential to accommodate both child and adult readers’ different levels of cognitive-affective development, subject to the factor of age. The argument is exemplified with a close analysis of Anthony Browne’s picturebook The Big Baby(1995). It is particularly productive and illuminating to discuss how crossover picturebooks can attract both children and adults, contrary to the traditional assumption that picturebooks are merely 'kids’ stuff.' The close analysis of The Big Baby reveals that cognitive literary studies can tease out the implications of the age difference, which are crucial to crossover research, and shed new light on how crossover literature may attract readers of different ages.展开更多
We are here today in the Great Hall of the People to honour the memory of a very distinguished New Zealander.It was in this building that milestones in Rewi’s life were marked——his 80th birthday when Deng Xiaoping,...We are here today in the Great Hall of the People to honour the memory of a very distinguished New Zealander.It was in this building that milestones in Rewi’s life were marked——his 80th birthday when Deng Xiaoping,who had had dealings with Rewi dating back some forty years,hosted the party.And it was here that his memory was honoured on the hundredth anniversary of his birth.展开更多
Obesity has become a global threat to health;however,the available drugs for treating obesity are limited.We investigated the anti-obesity effect of hydroxy-α-sanshool(HAS),an amide derived from the fruit of Zanthoxy...Obesity has become a global threat to health;however,the available drugs for treating obesity are limited.We investigated the anti-obesity effect of hydroxy-α-sanshool(HAS),an amide derived from the fruit of Zanthoxylum bungeanum,which promotes the management of obesity by triggering the browning of white adipose tissue(WAT)targeting the membrane receptor of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1).However,HAS easily undergoes configuration transformation and oxidative degradation.The short peptide CKGGRAKDC or adipose-targeting sequence(ATS)binds specifically to prohibitin on the surface of WAT cells and can be used as recognition assembly to enhance adipocyte targetability.Furthermore,mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs)are widely used in drug delivery systems because of their large specific surface area and pore volume.Therefore,HAS-loaded adipose-targeted MSNs(MSNs-ATS)were developed to enhance the adipocyte targetability,safety,and efficacy of HAS,and tested on mature 3T3-L1 cells and obese mouse models.MSNs-ATS showed higher specificity for adipocyte targetability without obvious toxicity.HAS-loaded MSNs-ATS showed anti-obesity effects superior to those of HAS alone.In conclusion,we successfully developed adipocyte-targeted,HAS-loaded MSNs with good safety and anti-obesity effects.展开更多
Coniophora is a widely distributed genus that includes species with resupinate basidiomata causing brown rot on fallen trees.In this study,two new species,Coniophora granulosa and Coniophora hainanensis,are described ...Coniophora is a widely distributed genus that includes species with resupinate basidiomata causing brown rot on fallen trees.In this study,two new species,Coniophora granulosa and Coniophora hainanensis,are described from Hainan Province based on molecular and morphological evidence.C.granulosa is characterized by having coriaceous basidiomata with granulose and light orange to grayish-orange hymenophore,relatively large and ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 12.5–14.2×8.2–9.5μm.C.hainanensis is characterized by having membranaceous basidiomata with smooth and grayish-orange to brownish orange hymenophore and fimbriate margin,and oblong-ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 9.8–12.2×5.2–6.5μm.Descriptions and illustrations are provided for the two new species.展开更多
This paper provide a comprehensive overview of research findings regarding the pathogen responsible for tobacco brown spot,its occurrence regularity,and integrated control strategies.Additionally,this study provide a ...This paper provide a comprehensive overview of research findings regarding the pathogen responsible for tobacco brown spot,its occurrence regularity,and integrated control strategies.Additionally,this study provide a brief analysis of the challenges encountered in the study of tobacco brown spot,which include the study of pathogenesis and virulence,the breeding of disease-resistant varieties,the screening of low-toxicity and high-efficiency agents,the development of biological control methods with more stable efficacy,and the necessity for accurate prediction and forecasting techniques.展开更多
My favourite pet is a lovely dog.I bought him last year in the pet market.He has long ears,a long body and brown fur.He is very small.He weights①about one kilogram.He is very active.He wants to catch everything.Every...My favourite pet is a lovely dog.I bought him last year in the pet market.He has long ears,a long body and brown fur.He is very small.He weights①about one kilogram.He is very active.He wants to catch everything.Every day he runs here and there.But if you want him to do something,he will be a very good boy.展开更多
基金support from the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20240036)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U24A20515,22276099,and 22361162668)Guangxi Key Research and Development Program,China(Grant No.Guike AB24010074)。
文摘We conducted a field campaign to investigate the chemical composition,sources,and light absorption of submicron aerosols(PM_(1))from early 2022 in Nanjing,China.The average concentration of PM_(1) was 31μg m^(−3),organics(33%)constituted the largest fraction,followed by nitrate(30%),sulfate(18%),ammonium(15%),chloride(3%),and rBC(2%).Four organic aerosol(OA)subcomponents were identified,including two primary OA(POA)and two secondary OA(SOA).The less-oxidized SOA(LO-OOA)contributes the most to the total OA mass(59%).LO-OOA is tightly correlated with the tracer ion C_(2)H_(4)O_(2)^(+)from levoglucosan,and another aged biomass-burning derived species,K_(3)SO_(4)^(+),suggesting it was likely influenced by aged biomass-burning OA.Our study also revealed that fireworks during the Spring Festival have a detrimental impact on air quality,contributing to secondary formation and accumulation under static winter meteorological conditions,prolonging the pollution duration.Also,LO-OOA was found to have the strongest light-absorbing ability.Our results highlight that the light absorption of LO-OOA can mainly be attributed to the C_(x)H_(y)N^(+) family,increased with the double-bond equivalent value.The more-oxidized SOA(MO-OOA)exhibited a negligible light absorption and was strongly correlated with daytime photochemical processes,implying a light-bleaching effect.This study enhances our understanding of the regional contribution of biomass combustion and fireworks to PM_(1) pollution in Nanjing,a typical megacity in the Yangtze River Delta region,during winter,aiding in the development of strategies for long-term air quality improvement in the region.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32325024,32400981,32222024,32271224,32471228,and 82270891)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFA1800400)+3 种基金the Shuguang Program of Shanghai Education Development Foundation and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(23SG22)the Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD0507300)the ECNU public platform for Innovation(011)the instruments sharing platform of School of Life Sciences.
文摘Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is defined by autoimmune-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells.Impaired insulin secretion due to β-cell apoptosis and islet massloss is the main feature of T1D[1].Current therapeutic strategies for T1D are mainly through subcutaneous administration of insulin or islet/pancreas transplantation.
基金part of the research project “Contemporary Western Picturebook Theory”(18WWC005) funded by Jiangsu Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Sciencethe project “Chinese Picturebooks and Their English Translations”(2017SJB1318) funded by Jiangsu Education Department
文摘This article explores crossover literature, that is, literature transcending age boundaries and, in particular, the boundaries between adult and child readership. This article suggests that texts transcending age boundaries are not a recent phenomenon—adults have almost always existed in children’s literature as a background authority or a hidden and even active addressee. But it is the changes in a social, historical, and cultural context that call for a new term, crossover, to designate this phenomenon. Central to the discussion of crossover literature is how to conceptualise the different readings that a text can elicit from child and adult readers. Drawing on developments in cognitive literary studies, this article argues that crossover literature is characterised by its potential to accommodate both child and adult readers’ different levels of cognitive-affective development, subject to the factor of age. The argument is exemplified with a close analysis of Anthony Browne’s picturebook The Big Baby(1995). It is particularly productive and illuminating to discuss how crossover picturebooks can attract both children and adults, contrary to the traditional assumption that picturebooks are merely 'kids’ stuff.' The close analysis of The Big Baby reveals that cognitive literary studies can tease out the implications of the age difference, which are crucial to crossover research, and shed new light on how crossover literature may attract readers of different ages.
文摘We are here today in the Great Hall of the People to honour the memory of a very distinguished New Zealander.It was in this building that milestones in Rewi’s life were marked——his 80th birthday when Deng Xiaoping,who had had dealings with Rewi dating back some forty years,hosted the party.And it was here that his memory was honoured on the hundredth anniversary of his birth.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.2022NSFSC0720)Research Center for the Development of the Comprehensive Health Industry and Rural Revitalization of Sichuan TCM(No.DJKYB202306)State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Sichuan Province of China(No.2020HJZX001).
文摘Obesity has become a global threat to health;however,the available drugs for treating obesity are limited.We investigated the anti-obesity effect of hydroxy-α-sanshool(HAS),an amide derived from the fruit of Zanthoxylum bungeanum,which promotes the management of obesity by triggering the browning of white adipose tissue(WAT)targeting the membrane receptor of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1).However,HAS easily undergoes configuration transformation and oxidative degradation.The short peptide CKGGRAKDC or adipose-targeting sequence(ATS)binds specifically to prohibitin on the surface of WAT cells and can be used as recognition assembly to enhance adipocyte targetability.Furthermore,mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs)are widely used in drug delivery systems because of their large specific surface area and pore volume.Therefore,HAS-loaded adipose-targeted MSNs(MSNs-ATS)were developed to enhance the adipocyte targetability,safety,and efficacy of HAS,and tested on mature 3T3-L1 cells and obese mouse models.MSNs-ATS showed higher specificity for adipocyte targetability without obvious toxicity.HAS-loaded MSNs-ATS showed anti-obesity effects superior to those of HAS alone.In conclusion,we successfully developed adipocyte-targeted,HAS-loaded MSNs with good safety and anti-obesity effects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270014)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(QNTD202307).
文摘Coniophora is a widely distributed genus that includes species with resupinate basidiomata causing brown rot on fallen trees.In this study,two new species,Coniophora granulosa and Coniophora hainanensis,are described from Hainan Province based on molecular and morphological evidence.C.granulosa is characterized by having coriaceous basidiomata with granulose and light orange to grayish-orange hymenophore,relatively large and ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 12.5–14.2×8.2–9.5μm.C.hainanensis is characterized by having membranaceous basidiomata with smooth and grayish-orange to brownish orange hymenophore and fimbriate margin,and oblong-ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 9.8–12.2×5.2–6.5μm.Descriptions and illustrations are provided for the two new species.
文摘This paper provide a comprehensive overview of research findings regarding the pathogen responsible for tobacco brown spot,its occurrence regularity,and integrated control strategies.Additionally,this study provide a brief analysis of the challenges encountered in the study of tobacco brown spot,which include the study of pathogenesis and virulence,the breeding of disease-resistant varieties,the screening of low-toxicity and high-efficiency agents,the development of biological control methods with more stable efficacy,and the necessity for accurate prediction and forecasting techniques.
文摘My favourite pet is a lovely dog.I bought him last year in the pet market.He has long ears,a long body and brown fur.He is very small.He weights①about one kilogram.He is very active.He wants to catch everything.Every day he runs here and there.But if you want him to do something,he will be a very good boy.
