Background Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction(EIB)is a prevalent respiratory condition among summer sport elite athletes,yet epidemiological data from Asian populations remain scarce.The objective of this study was ...Background Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction(EIB)is a prevalent respiratory condition among summer sport elite athletes,yet epidemiological data from Asian populations remain scarce.The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence,sport-specific patterns,and physiological characteristics of EIB in Chinese summer sport elite athletes.Methods A cross-sectional study of 500 summer sport elite athletes across 17 sports was conducted.Participants underwent standardized exercise challenge testing,spirometry,and serum biomarker assessments(eosinophils,interleukin-5(IL-5),interleukin-8(IL-8),Clara Cell protein 16(CC16),immunoglobulin E(IgE),and uric acid(UA)).Results EIB prevalence was 27.6%(138/500),with significant variation across sports:highest in swimming(51.52%)and lowest in wrestling(6.45%).Female athletes were more prevalent than males(31.1%vs.23.7%,p=0.030).Outdoor sports demonstrated higher rates than indoor disciplines(37.4%vs.19.4%,p=0.002).EIB-positive athletes showed pronounced post-exercise declines in forced expiratory volume in 1 s(FEV_(1))at 5 min(p<0.001)and elevated inflammatory biomarkers:eosinophils(p<0.001),neutrophils(p=0.019),IL-5(p<0.001),IL-8(p<0.001),CC16(p<0.001),IgE(p<0.001),and UA(p<0.001)vs.EIB-negative counterparts.Conclusion This is the first large-scale study of Chinese athletes to reveal EIB prevalence exceeding global averages.Distinct risk profiles emerge,associated with gender,athletic level,sport type,and environmental factors.The findings outline the need for targeted screening programs and biomarker-guided management to mitigate respiratory health risks in athletic populations.展开更多
Exercise-Induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is related to increased ventilation (VE) during exercise and describes the transient airway narrowing following exercise. A reliable diagnosis is essential for optimal treatm...Exercise-Induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is related to increased ventilation (VE) during exercise and describes the transient airway narrowing following exercise. A reliable diagnosis is essential for optimal treatment. The impact of a repeated exercise challenge test (ECT) in a clinical setting is not well established and conducting a repeated ECT with the possibility to adjust the exercise intensity on an individual basis may give more information. The aim of the study was to evaluate the test-retest reliability of an ECT for EIB and its association with exercise intensity. Methods: After examination by a pulmonologist, 20 referred subjects with symptoms strong indications of Exercise-Induced bronchoconstriction performed two consecutive exercise challenge tests on a treadmill. The exercise intensity of the repeated test was adjusted. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was measured before and 1, 3, 6, 10, and 15 minutes after exercise. EIB was defined as a reduction of ≥ 10% in FEV1. Ventilation and heart rate were measured during exercise. Results: Five subjects tested positive in both tests, and ten subjects tested negative in both tests. Three subjects tested positive in the first test only, while two subjects tested positive in the second test only. The exercise intensity was not significantly different between the two tests for any of the subjects. Conclusion: There were 25% divergences in the diagnostic results of two consecutive exercise challenge tests. The difference in the test results was not explained by a difference in the exercise intensity.展开更多
Background: There are links between physical exercise, fine particles and the prevalence of exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB). Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of exercise-induced bronch...Background: There are links between physical exercise, fine particles and the prevalence of exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB). Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of exercise-induced bronchospasm in students of sciences and techniques of physical activities and sports (STAPS) exercising in a hot, humid and relatively polluted environment. Methods: Twenty-two first-year undergraduate students, including 11 in PE and 11 in SPORT, aged 21.64 ± 1.80 years, participated in a football match. Resting spirometry was performed before and 5 minutes after the match. During the match, particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) was measured every 10 minutes around the football pitch. Ambient temperature and relative humidity were recorded. The diagnosis of EIB was based on a decrease in FEV1 of at least 10% after the match. If there was a decrease, the participant was considered susceptible to EIB. Results: Five subjects were positive for exercise-induced bronchospasm, a percentage of 22%. Ambient temperature and relative humidity were 34.22˚C ± 1.38˚C and 52.2% ± 4.97%, respectively. Concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were between 53.3 - 115.5 µg/m3 and 75.5 - 168.2 µg/m3, respectively, exceeding WHO limits. Conclusion: These results show a high incidence of exercise-induced bronchospasm in students without a history of asthma but exercising in a hot, humid and environment polluted by fine particles.展开更多
Background: Kalanchoe integra is widely used in folklore medicine as an antiasthmatic agent. Previous studies have shown the ameliorating effect of Kalanchoe integra leaf extract [KILE] on bronchial hyperesponsiveness...Background: Kalanchoe integra is widely used in folklore medicine as an antiasthmatic agent. Previous studies have shown the ameliorating effect of Kalanchoe integra leaf extract [KILE] on bronchial hyperesponsiveness and inflammation. Further, the stabilizing effect of Kalanchoe sp on mast cell degranulation, suggests that Kalanchoe species are suitable candidates for allergic asthma therapy. This study is designed to investigate the anti-asthmatic potential of KILE and monitor the accompanying histopathological and immunobiochemical changes that occur in an animal model of bronchial asthma using ovalbumin sensitized guinea pigs. Method: Thirty male guinea pigs were divided into five groups of six animals each. Bronchial asthma was simulated in guinea pigs using ovalbumin. Both low dose (300 mg/kg) and high dose extract (900 mg/kg) were administered daily for 42 days. Prednisolone (2.5 mg/kg) was the standard drug used. Results: Guinea pigs in all KILE treated groups maintained the integrity of their airway structures: bronchial folds and walls, alveoli, alveolar ducts and sacs. KILE and prednisolone caused a reduction in immune parameters (p 0.001), extent of bronchoconstriction, bronchial wall thickness and goblet cell accumulation in the sensitized guinea pigs. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the anti-asthmatic potential of KILE during prolonged administration by the oral route.展开更多
Background Bronchial asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease in children.For many years,concerns about exerciseinduced bronchoconstriction have limited physical activity in this population,with negative consequ...Background Bronchial asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease in children.For many years,concerns about exerciseinduced bronchoconstriction have limited physical activity in this population,with negative consequences for both physical and mental health.Recent evidence indicates that exercise should be incorporated into the daily routine of children with asthma,with appropriately prescribed programs shown to improve disease control,lung function,and quality of life.This study aims to systematically describe the safety,benefits and key factors of exercise for children with asthma.Data sources Initiated by the National Clinical Research Center for Child Health,this set of recommendations was developed by a multidisciplinary team of 17 experts.A comprehensive Literature search was conducted across PubMed,Embase,Cochrane and other databases,yielding 64 studies that met inclusion criteria up to May 2025.The Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 levels of evidence were used to evaluate evidence quality.Two rounds of expert voting were conducted using Delphi methodology to formulate final recommendations on key clinical topics.Results Recommendations were formulated across nine core domains:exercise safety,exercise-related benefits,pre-exercise screening,exercise prescription design,plan adjustment and progression,pre-exercise preparation,exercise monitoring,outcome assessment and the management of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.Specific guidance is offered on individualized exercise planning based on asthma control status,physical fitness,exercise habits and environmental factors.Recommendations also address appropriate modalities of aerobic,resistance and flexibility training,strategies for monitoring intensity and progression and both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic approaches to exercise-induced bronchoconstriction prevention and management.Conclusions These recommendations provide scientific and practical guidance for the development and implementation of individualized exercise prescriptions in children with asthma.Moreover,they highlight the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration and reinforce exercise as an integral component of asthma management.Further high-quality clinical research is needed to optimize exercise protocols and evaluate long-term outcomes.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To investigate bronchial responsiveness to acetylcholine in allergic airway inflammation of SD rats. METHODS: SD rats were immunized and challenged by chicken ovalbumin (OVA). Airway responsiveness, acetylc...OBJECTIVE: To investigate bronchial responsiveness to acetylcholine in allergic airway inflammation of SD rats. METHODS: SD rats were immunized and challenged by chicken ovalbumin (OVA). Airway responsiveness, acetylcholine (Ach) provocation concentration needed to increase baseline airway resistance by 200% (PC(200)) were measured. RESULTS: The value of baseline airway resistance in asthma group was significantly higher than that in control group (2.282 +/- 0.128 vs 3.193 +/- 0.239; P展开更多
基金funded by a research grant awarded by the General Administration of Sport of China,Beijing,China(Grant No.24KJCX022 to ML).
文摘Background Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction(EIB)is a prevalent respiratory condition among summer sport elite athletes,yet epidemiological data from Asian populations remain scarce.The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence,sport-specific patterns,and physiological characteristics of EIB in Chinese summer sport elite athletes.Methods A cross-sectional study of 500 summer sport elite athletes across 17 sports was conducted.Participants underwent standardized exercise challenge testing,spirometry,and serum biomarker assessments(eosinophils,interleukin-5(IL-5),interleukin-8(IL-8),Clara Cell protein 16(CC16),immunoglobulin E(IgE),and uric acid(UA)).Results EIB prevalence was 27.6%(138/500),with significant variation across sports:highest in swimming(51.52%)and lowest in wrestling(6.45%).Female athletes were more prevalent than males(31.1%vs.23.7%,p=0.030).Outdoor sports demonstrated higher rates than indoor disciplines(37.4%vs.19.4%,p=0.002).EIB-positive athletes showed pronounced post-exercise declines in forced expiratory volume in 1 s(FEV_(1))at 5 min(p<0.001)and elevated inflammatory biomarkers:eosinophils(p<0.001),neutrophils(p=0.019),IL-5(p<0.001),IL-8(p<0.001),CC16(p<0.001),IgE(p<0.001),and UA(p<0.001)vs.EIB-negative counterparts.Conclusion This is the first large-scale study of Chinese athletes to reveal EIB prevalence exceeding global averages.Distinct risk profiles emerge,associated with gender,athletic level,sport type,and environmental factors.The findings outline the need for targeted screening programs and biomarker-guided management to mitigate respiratory health risks in athletic populations.
文摘Exercise-Induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is related to increased ventilation (VE) during exercise and describes the transient airway narrowing following exercise. A reliable diagnosis is essential for optimal treatment. The impact of a repeated exercise challenge test (ECT) in a clinical setting is not well established and conducting a repeated ECT with the possibility to adjust the exercise intensity on an individual basis may give more information. The aim of the study was to evaluate the test-retest reliability of an ECT for EIB and its association with exercise intensity. Methods: After examination by a pulmonologist, 20 referred subjects with symptoms strong indications of Exercise-Induced bronchoconstriction performed two consecutive exercise challenge tests on a treadmill. The exercise intensity of the repeated test was adjusted. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was measured before and 1, 3, 6, 10, and 15 minutes after exercise. EIB was defined as a reduction of ≥ 10% in FEV1. Ventilation and heart rate were measured during exercise. Results: Five subjects tested positive in both tests, and ten subjects tested negative in both tests. Three subjects tested positive in the first test only, while two subjects tested positive in the second test only. The exercise intensity was not significantly different between the two tests for any of the subjects. Conclusion: There were 25% divergences in the diagnostic results of two consecutive exercise challenge tests. The difference in the test results was not explained by a difference in the exercise intensity.
文摘Background: There are links between physical exercise, fine particles and the prevalence of exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB). Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of exercise-induced bronchospasm in students of sciences and techniques of physical activities and sports (STAPS) exercising in a hot, humid and relatively polluted environment. Methods: Twenty-two first-year undergraduate students, including 11 in PE and 11 in SPORT, aged 21.64 ± 1.80 years, participated in a football match. Resting spirometry was performed before and 5 minutes after the match. During the match, particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) was measured every 10 minutes around the football pitch. Ambient temperature and relative humidity were recorded. The diagnosis of EIB was based on a decrease in FEV1 of at least 10% after the match. If there was a decrease, the participant was considered susceptible to EIB. Results: Five subjects were positive for exercise-induced bronchospasm, a percentage of 22%. Ambient temperature and relative humidity were 34.22˚C ± 1.38˚C and 52.2% ± 4.97%, respectively. Concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were between 53.3 - 115.5 µg/m3 and 75.5 - 168.2 µg/m3, respectively, exceeding WHO limits. Conclusion: These results show a high incidence of exercise-induced bronchospasm in students without a history of asthma but exercising in a hot, humid and environment polluted by fine particles.
文摘Background: Kalanchoe integra is widely used in folklore medicine as an antiasthmatic agent. Previous studies have shown the ameliorating effect of Kalanchoe integra leaf extract [KILE] on bronchial hyperesponsiveness and inflammation. Further, the stabilizing effect of Kalanchoe sp on mast cell degranulation, suggests that Kalanchoe species are suitable candidates for allergic asthma therapy. This study is designed to investigate the anti-asthmatic potential of KILE and monitor the accompanying histopathological and immunobiochemical changes that occur in an animal model of bronchial asthma using ovalbumin sensitized guinea pigs. Method: Thirty male guinea pigs were divided into five groups of six animals each. Bronchial asthma was simulated in guinea pigs using ovalbumin. Both low dose (300 mg/kg) and high dose extract (900 mg/kg) were administered daily for 42 days. Prednisolone (2.5 mg/kg) was the standard drug used. Results: Guinea pigs in all KILE treated groups maintained the integrity of their airway structures: bronchial folds and walls, alveoli, alveolar ducts and sacs. KILE and prednisolone caused a reduction in immune parameters (p 0.001), extent of bronchoconstriction, bronchial wall thickness and goblet cell accumulation in the sensitized guinea pigs. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the anti-asthmatic potential of KILE during prolonged administration by the oral route.
基金supported by the Key R&D Projects of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2024C03177,recipient:Zhi-min Chen)the Scientific Research Fund of the Zhejiang Provincial Education Department(Grant No.Y202352389,recipient:Hong-Zhen Xu)。
文摘Background Bronchial asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease in children.For many years,concerns about exerciseinduced bronchoconstriction have limited physical activity in this population,with negative consequences for both physical and mental health.Recent evidence indicates that exercise should be incorporated into the daily routine of children with asthma,with appropriately prescribed programs shown to improve disease control,lung function,and quality of life.This study aims to systematically describe the safety,benefits and key factors of exercise for children with asthma.Data sources Initiated by the National Clinical Research Center for Child Health,this set of recommendations was developed by a multidisciplinary team of 17 experts.A comprehensive Literature search was conducted across PubMed,Embase,Cochrane and other databases,yielding 64 studies that met inclusion criteria up to May 2025.The Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 levels of evidence were used to evaluate evidence quality.Two rounds of expert voting were conducted using Delphi methodology to formulate final recommendations on key clinical topics.Results Recommendations were formulated across nine core domains:exercise safety,exercise-related benefits,pre-exercise screening,exercise prescription design,plan adjustment and progression,pre-exercise preparation,exercise monitoring,outcome assessment and the management of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.Specific guidance is offered on individualized exercise planning based on asthma control status,physical fitness,exercise habits and environmental factors.Recommendations also address appropriate modalities of aerobic,resistance and flexibility training,strategies for monitoring intensity and progression and both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic approaches to exercise-induced bronchoconstriction prevention and management.Conclusions These recommendations provide scientific and practical guidance for the development and implementation of individualized exercise prescriptions in children with asthma.Moreover,they highlight the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration and reinforce exercise as an integral component of asthma management.Further high-quality clinical research is needed to optimize exercise protocols and evaluate long-term outcomes.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate bronchial responsiveness to acetylcholine in allergic airway inflammation of SD rats. METHODS: SD rats were immunized and challenged by chicken ovalbumin (OVA). Airway responsiveness, acetylcholine (Ach) provocation concentration needed to increase baseline airway resistance by 200% (PC(200)) were measured. RESULTS: The value of baseline airway resistance in asthma group was significantly higher than that in control group (2.282 +/- 0.128 vs 3.193 +/- 0.239; P
