In this paper the salt tolerance in Brassicas and some related species was compared. When seedlings germinated on sand cultures with liquid MS medium were considered, the relative germination rate, root length, shoot ...In this paper the salt tolerance in Brassicas and some related species was compared. When seedlings germinated on sand cultures with liquid MS medium were considered, the relative germination rate, root length, shoot length and fresh seedling weight were significantly correlated with each other (P 0.01), and only the relative shoot lengths were significantly different among the tested genotypes (P 0.05);When both seedlings germinated on MS and MS plus 0.4% NaCl were considered, only the relative shoot length of seedlings germinated on MS was significantly different from that germinated on MS + 0.4% NaCl (P 0.05), and also only the relative shoot lengths were significantly different among the tested genotypes (P 0.01). Raphanus sativa cv. Changfeng, B. juncea cv. JC and Brassica napus cv. ZS 10 showed low salt tolerance in terms of relative germination rate, root length, shoot length and fresh seedling weight;B. oleracea cv. JF-1, Sinapis alba cv. HN-2 showed high salt tolerance in terms of relative germination rate, root length, shoot length and fresh seedling weight. Based on our result we suggest that relative shoot length might be convenient to rank the salt tolerance but cluster analysis based on multiple parameters of relative germination rate, root length, shoot length and fresh seedling weight might be more accurate in screening for salt tolerance in Brassicas and related species.展开更多
Flowering time is a critical agronomic trait with a profound effect on the productivity and adaptabillity of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.).Strategically advancing flowering time can reduce the risk of yield losses due t...Flowering time is a critical agronomic trait with a profound effect on the productivity and adaptabillity of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.).Strategically advancing flowering time can reduce the risk of yield losses due to extreme climatic conditions and facilitate the cultivation of subsequent crops on the same land,thereby enhancing overall agricultural efficiency.In this review,we synthesize current information on flowering time regulation in rapeseed through an integrated analysis of its genetic,hormonal,and environmental dimensions,emphasizing their crosstalk and implications for yield.We consolidate multi-omics evidence from population genetics,functional genomics,and systems biology to create a haplotype-based framework that overcomes the trade-off between flowering time and yield,providing support for the precision breeding of early-maturing cultivars.The insights presented here could inform future research on flowering time regulation and guide strategies for increasing rapeseed productivity.展开更多
Salinization of agricultural land is becoming increasingly severe worldwide,posing a significant threat to food security.The exogenous application of bioactive substances has been widely used to enhance plant resistan...Salinization of agricultural land is becoming increasingly severe worldwide,posing a significant threat to food security.The exogenous application of bioactive substances has been widely used to enhance plant resistance to salt stress.In this study,we used corn steep liquor(CSL),myo-inositol(MI),and their combination to improve salt tolerance in Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa L.ssp.pekinensis)under salt stress conditions.All three treatments significantly increased plant biomass and nutrient uptake,and improved soil physicochemical properties,while alleviating oxidative damage and ion toxicity.展开更多
Consumers understand the health benefits of eating vegetables nowadays and thus there is currently a high demand for phytonutrient products.Recent advances in genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics and metabolomics have ...Consumers understand the health benefits of eating vegetables nowadays and thus there is currently a high demand for phytonutrient products.Recent advances in genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics and metabolomics have allowed the investigation of the genetic mechanism involved in Brassica phytonutrient metabolism.We discuss the application and opportunity of an omics approach to reveal the underlying genetics of the accumulation and regulation of various phytonutrients,such as well-known glucosinolates,carotenoids,anthocyanin and vitamins,which may assist in molecular breeding and metabolic engineering designed for nutritional quality enhancement of vegetable Brassica crops.展开更多
Both Brassica juncea（mustard）and B.napus（rapeseed）are allotetraploid species of Brassica.Although these two species have their unique characters,they possess a common A genome and a few homeologous chromosomes bet...Both Brassica juncea（mustard）and B.napus（rapeseed）are allotetraploid species of Brassica.Although these two species have their unique characters,they possess a common A genome and a few homeologous chromosomes between the genomes B and C,which provide the foundation for transfer of superior traits from B.juncea into worldwide cultivated B.napus.The unique characters of B.juncea were summarized,breeding procedure for introgression of superior traits from B.juncea into B.napus by the interspecific crossing proposed,and some recently developed rapeseed germplasm lines with novel traits such as yellow seed and super oil content,restorer of fertility for pol CMS,extreme early maturity,high oleic acid content and short-staure plant briefly introduced in this paper.展开更多
The soil-resident pathogen, Plasmodiophora brassicae, infects cruciferous crops, causing obligate parasitic clubroot disease and posing a significant threat to the Brassica vegetable industry in China. To learn more a...The soil-resident pathogen, Plasmodiophora brassicae, infects cruciferous crops, causing obligate parasitic clubroot disease and posing a significant threat to the Brassica vegetable industry in China. To learn more about its pathogenesis, we reported a Nanopore sequencing-derived25.3 Mb high-quality genome sequence of P. brassicae pathotype 4 strain(P.b 4). Comparing the P.b 4 genome with that of the published P.brassicae e3 genome(P.b e3) identified single nucleotide polymorphisms, structural variations, and small insertions and deletions. We then carried out RNA-sequencing of root samples from a clubroot-susceptible line at 5, 14, and 28 days after inoculation(DAI), and classified genes into five categories based on their expression patterns. Interestingly, 158 genes were highly expressed at 14 DAI, which were enriched in budding cell isotropic bud growth, ascospore wall assembly, spore wall assembly, spore wall biogenesis, and ascospore wall biogenesis.Subsequently, we bioinformatically predicted 555 secreted effector candidates, among which only 125 were expressed during infection and had amino acid lengths less than 400. The putative effector Pb010018, which was highly expressed at 14 DAI, was validated to have a signal peptide using a yeast secretion system. Luciferase activity and co-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that Pb010018 interacts with serine hydroxymethyltransferase BrSHMT1, and expression analysis showed that SHMT1 was upregulated in both Arabidopsis and B. rapa during infection. Furthermore, after infection, the Arabidopsis shmt1 mutant(atshmt1) showed reduced severity of clubroot disease, together with downregulated expression of Pb010018. Our results offer new insights into plant-pathogen interaction mechanisms, and provide the possibility for improving Brassica resistance to clubroot disease.展开更多
Brassica clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae has been identified as a severe soil-borne disease that poses a significant threat to plants root systems.The disease results in the formation of tumorous enlargeme...Brassica clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae has been identified as a severe soil-borne disease that poses a significant threat to plants root systems.The disease results in the formation of tumorous enlargements in the roots,leading to wilting and eventual plant death.Consequently,crop yield is drastically reduced,causing substantial economic losses in agriculture.The current study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent research process on Brassica clubroot,focusing on the biological characteristics,physiological race identification,and pathogenic mechanism of P.brassicae.Furthermore,it covers the latest advancements in the comprehensive prevention and clubroot control.The insights gained from this study are expected to contribute to the future research on clubroot and the development of resistance breeding strategies.展开更多
Polyploidy,or whole-genome duplication,is an important evolutionary process that has shaped the genomes and traits of many plants,including numerous important crops.The Brassica genus,which includes diverse vegetables...Polyploidy,or whole-genome duplication,is an important evolutionary process that has shaped the genomes and traits of many plants,including numerous important crops.The Brassica genus,which includes diverse vegetables and oilseeds,is a key model system for studying how polyploidy affects plant diversification and domestication.This review summarizes the current understanding of how multiple rounds of ancient and more recent polyploidization events laid the foundation for the wide diversity seen in Brassica.We discuss the key outcomes through which polyploidy facilitates the accumulation of genetic variation,including genomic buffering that enables mutation retention.Furthermore,we explore the significant roles of interspecies and interploidy introgression in introducing external genetic novelty.We highlight homoeologous exchange(HE)as a critical mechanism unique to allopolyploids,driving substantial genomic rearrangements including presence-absence variations and gene dosage alterations that directly contribute to significant phenotypic innovation and adaptation in Brassica.Together,these polyploidy-associated processes have led to the extensive range of genomic variations that shaped great morphological diversification in the domestication of Brassica.By integrating insights from genomics,genetics,and evolutionary biology,this review shows how polyploidy has been central to Brassica's success and agricultural value.We also suggest future research areas to better understand polyploid evolution and improve crop breeding.展开更多
Brassica napus(oilseed rape)is sensitive to boron(B)deficiency and exhibits young leaf curling in response to low-B stress at the seedling stage,which leads to reduced photosynthesis and plant growth.So far,no gene ha...Brassica napus(oilseed rape)is sensitive to boron(B)deficiency and exhibits young leaf curling in response to low-B stress at the seedling stage,which leads to reduced photosynthesis and plant growth.So far,no gene has been identified to be involved in B deficiency induced leaf curling.Our previous results showed the transcription factor BnaA1.WRKY53 might be involved in B-deficiency tolerance.However,altered BnaA1.WRKY53 expression does not influence B concentration in shoot,root and leaf cell walls,which suggests Bna A1.WRKY53 might be involved in other biological processes.Indeed,phenotypic and anatomical analyses revealed that BnaA1.WRKY53 negatively regulated the leaf curling induced by leaf epinasty by suppressing the overexpansion of palisade cells under B deficiency.Further transcriptome enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between wild-type and BnaA1.WRKY53overexpression line showed auxin response pathway was enriched.In addition,Arabidopsis DR5::GFP auxin reporter line showed B deficiency caused predominant auxin signal accumulation in the adaxial side and concomitant adaxial cell expansion,which indicated that B deficiency may induce leaf curling by altering auxin distribution.Phytohormone quantification and gene expression analysis demonstrated that BnaA1.WRKY53 prevent auxin overaccumulation in leaves by suppressing auxin biosynthetic genes under B deficiency.Furthermore,exogenous 1-naphthlcetic acid(NAA)treatment experiments revealed that high auxin could induce leaf curling and BnaA1.WRKY53 expression.Overall,these findings demonstrate that auxin and the transcription factor BnaA1.WRKY53 synergistically regulate leaf curling to maintain an optimal leaf area under B deficiency,and provide novel insights into the resistance mechanisms against B-deficiency-induced leaf curling in oilseed rape.展开更多
Appropriate flowering time in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)is vital for preventing losses from weather,diseases,and pests.However,the molecular basis of its regulation remains largely unknown.Here,a genome-wide associat...Appropriate flowering time in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)is vital for preventing losses from weather,diseases,and pests.However,the molecular basis of its regulation remains largely unknown.Here,a genome-wide association study identifies BnaC09.FUL,a MADS-box transcription factor,as a promising candidate gene regulating flowering time in B.napus.BnaC09.FUL expression increases sharply in B.napus shoot apices near bolting.BnaC09.FUL overexpression results in early flowering,while BnaFUL mutation causes delayed flowering in B.napus.A zinc finger transcription factor,BnaC06.WIP2,is identified as an interaction partner of BnaC09.FUL,and BnaC06.WIP2 overexpression delays flowering in B.napus,with RNA sequencing revealing its influence on the expression of many flowering-associated genes.We further demonstrate that BnaC06.WIP2 directly represses the expression of BnaA05.SOC1,BnaC03.SOC1,BnaC04.SOC1,BnaC06.FT,BnaA06.LFY,BnaC07.FUL,BnaA08.CAL,and BnaC03.CAL and indirectly inhibits the expression of other flowering time-related genes.Genetic and molecular investigations highlight the antagonistic relationship between BnaC09.FUL and BnaC06.WIP2 in regulating the flowering time in B.napus through direct regulation of the expression of BnaC03.SOC1,BnaA08.CAL,and BnaC03.CAL.Overall,our findings provide a mechanism by which the BnaC09.FUL–BnaC06.WIP2 transcriptional regulatory module controls the flowering time in B.napus.展开更多
Drought and salt stresses are major abiotic factors that severely affect the growth,development,and yield formation of Brassica napus.Human derived FTO gene(Fat mass and obesity-associated),is a member of the Alk B fa...Drought and salt stresses are major abiotic factors that severely affect the growth,development,and yield formation of Brassica napus.Human derived FTO gene(Fat mass and obesity-associated),is a member of the Alk B family,encoding a m RNA demethylase that is dependent onα-ketoglutarate.Although previous studies have demonstrated that exogenous overexpression of FTO gene can increase plant biomass,its impact on plant stress resistance is still unclear.In this study,we cloned the FTO gene and conducted an analysis of its biological functions for drought and salt resistance for Brassicaceae plants.By overexpressing the FTO gene in Arabidopsis thaliana,the inhibitory effect of salt and drought stress on the root length growth of transgenic lines was significantly lower than that of the control.Moreover,the overexpression of FTO markedly enhanced the tolerance of Arabidopsis to drought and salt stress.It also led to a decrease in malondialdehyde(MDA)content,an increase in proline content,and a boost in superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity.Meanwhile,when the FTO gene was heterologously expressed in B.napus,the transgenic plants were less affected by stress.In comparison to control plants,they exhibited significantly lower MDA levels and markedly higher proline content and SOD activity.Furthermore,staining results with Trypan blue and nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT)staining indicate that the FTO gene can alleviate the damage to plants under stress and inhibit the accumulation of O_(2)^(-).Comprehensively,the results indicate that overexpression of the FTO gene can improve the drought and salt tolerance in transgenic plants,providing valuable references for further exploring the FTO-mediated stress resistance mechanisms.展开更多
文摘In this paper the salt tolerance in Brassicas and some related species was compared. When seedlings germinated on sand cultures with liquid MS medium were considered, the relative germination rate, root length, shoot length and fresh seedling weight were significantly correlated with each other (P 0.01), and only the relative shoot lengths were significantly different among the tested genotypes (P 0.05);When both seedlings germinated on MS and MS plus 0.4% NaCl were considered, only the relative shoot length of seedlings germinated on MS was significantly different from that germinated on MS + 0.4% NaCl (P 0.05), and also only the relative shoot lengths were significantly different among the tested genotypes (P 0.01). Raphanus sativa cv. Changfeng, B. juncea cv. JC and Brassica napus cv. ZS 10 showed low salt tolerance in terms of relative germination rate, root length, shoot length and fresh seedling weight;B. oleracea cv. JF-1, Sinapis alba cv. HN-2 showed high salt tolerance in terms of relative germination rate, root length, shoot length and fresh seedling weight. Based on our result we suggest that relative shoot length might be convenient to rank the salt tolerance but cluster analysis based on multiple parameters of relative germination rate, root length, shoot length and fresh seedling weight might be more accurate in screening for salt tolerance in Brassicas and related species.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1200400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272111)+4 种基金Special fund for youth team of the Southwest Universities(SWU-XJPY202306)Chongqing Natural Science Foundation(CSTB2024NSCQLZX0012)Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(CARS-12)Chongqing Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(COMAITS202504)Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2022ZD04008).We sincerely appreciate the Plant Editors team for English language editing of the manuscript,which significantly improved its clarity and overall quality.
文摘Flowering time is a critical agronomic trait with a profound effect on the productivity and adaptabillity of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.).Strategically advancing flowering time can reduce the risk of yield losses due to extreme climatic conditions and facilitate the cultivation of subsequent crops on the same land,thereby enhancing overall agricultural efficiency.In this review,we synthesize current information on flowering time regulation in rapeseed through an integrated analysis of its genetic,hormonal,and environmental dimensions,emphasizing their crosstalk and implications for yield.We consolidate multi-omics evidence from population genetics,functional genomics,and systems biology to create a haplotype-based framework that overcomes the trade-off between flowering time and yield,providing support for the precision breeding of early-maturing cultivars.The insights presented here could inform future research on flowering time regulation and guide strategies for increasing rapeseed productivity.
基金supported by the sub-project“Research and Application of In-Situ Value-Added Water-Soluble Fertilizer Application Technology”(Grant No.2023YFD1700204-3)under the 14th Five-Year National Key R&D Program Project“Development and Industrialization of Novel Green Value-Added Fertilizers”.
文摘Salinization of agricultural land is becoming increasingly severe worldwide,posing a significant threat to food security.The exogenous application of bioactive substances has been widely used to enhance plant resistance to salt stress.In this study,we used corn steep liquor(CSL),myo-inositol(MI),and their combination to improve salt tolerance in Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa L.ssp.pekinensis)under salt stress conditions.All three treatments significantly increased plant biomass and nutrient uptake,and improved soil physicochemical properties,while alleviating oxidative damage and ion toxicity.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31701930 and No.31471882)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2016M601345)
文摘Consumers understand the health benefits of eating vegetables nowadays and thus there is currently a high demand for phytonutrient products.Recent advances in genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics and metabolomics have allowed the investigation of the genetic mechanism involved in Brassica phytonutrient metabolism.We discuss the application and opportunity of an omics approach to reveal the underlying genetics of the accumulation and regulation of various phytonutrients,such as well-known glucosinolates,carotenoids,anthocyanin and vitamins,which may assist in molecular breeding and metabolic engineering designed for nutritional quality enhancement of vegetable Brassica crops.
文摘Both Brassica juncea（mustard）and B.napus（rapeseed）are allotetraploid species of Brassica.Although these two species have their unique characters,they possess a common A genome and a few homeologous chromosomes between the genomes B and C,which provide the foundation for transfer of superior traits from B.juncea into worldwide cultivated B.napus.The unique characters of B.juncea were summarized,breeding procedure for introgression of superior traits from B.juncea into B.napus by the interspecific crossing proposed,and some recently developed rapeseed germplasm lines with novel traits such as yellow seed and super oil content,restorer of fertility for pol CMS,extreme early maturity,high oleic acid content and short-staure plant briefly introduced in this paper.
基金supported by the Youth Foundation of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences[Grant No.QNJJ202242]the Excellent Young Scholars of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences[Grant No.YXQN202205]+3 种基金the Beijing Nova Program[Grant No.20220484052]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.31801852]the Collaborative Innovation Center of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences[Grant No.KJCX201907-2]the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System[Grant No.CARS-23-A-05].
文摘The soil-resident pathogen, Plasmodiophora brassicae, infects cruciferous crops, causing obligate parasitic clubroot disease and posing a significant threat to the Brassica vegetable industry in China. To learn more about its pathogenesis, we reported a Nanopore sequencing-derived25.3 Mb high-quality genome sequence of P. brassicae pathotype 4 strain(P.b 4). Comparing the P.b 4 genome with that of the published P.brassicae e3 genome(P.b e3) identified single nucleotide polymorphisms, structural variations, and small insertions and deletions. We then carried out RNA-sequencing of root samples from a clubroot-susceptible line at 5, 14, and 28 days after inoculation(DAI), and classified genes into five categories based on their expression patterns. Interestingly, 158 genes were highly expressed at 14 DAI, which were enriched in budding cell isotropic bud growth, ascospore wall assembly, spore wall assembly, spore wall biogenesis, and ascospore wall biogenesis.Subsequently, we bioinformatically predicted 555 secreted effector candidates, among which only 125 were expressed during infection and had amino acid lengths less than 400. The putative effector Pb010018, which was highly expressed at 14 DAI, was validated to have a signal peptide using a yeast secretion system. Luciferase activity and co-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that Pb010018 interacts with serine hydroxymethyltransferase BrSHMT1, and expression analysis showed that SHMT1 was upregulated in both Arabidopsis and B. rapa during infection. Furthermore, after infection, the Arabidopsis shmt1 mutant(atshmt1) showed reduced severity of clubroot disease, together with downregulated expression of Pb010018. Our results offer new insights into plant-pathogen interaction mechanisms, and provide the possibility for improving Brassica resistance to clubroot disease.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Talent Promotion Project(2023TJ-Z09)Innovation Program(2023RC1077,2023JJ40279)of Hunan Province,China.
文摘Brassica clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae has been identified as a severe soil-borne disease that poses a significant threat to plants root systems.The disease results in the formation of tumorous enlargements in the roots,leading to wilting and eventual plant death.Consequently,crop yield is drastically reduced,causing substantial economic losses in agriculture.The current study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent research process on Brassica clubroot,focusing on the biological characteristics,physiological race identification,and pathogenic mechanism of P.brassicae.Furthermore,it covers the latest advancements in the comprehensive prevention and clubroot control.The insights gained from this study are expected to contribute to the future research on clubroot and the development of resistance breeding strategies.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFF1000104)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(ASTIP),Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project(Grant No.Z231100003723009)+4 种基金the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(Grant No.Y2023PT16)TKI project(Grant No.KV1605-004)support from the China Scholarship Councilthe NPO bursary funding from Wageningen universitythe scholarship from Institute of vegetables and flowers,CAAS.
文摘Polyploidy,or whole-genome duplication,is an important evolutionary process that has shaped the genomes and traits of many plants,including numerous important crops.The Brassica genus,which includes diverse vegetables and oilseeds,is a key model system for studying how polyploidy affects plant diversification and domestication.This review summarizes the current understanding of how multiple rounds of ancient and more recent polyploidization events laid the foundation for the wide diversity seen in Brassica.We discuss the key outcomes through which polyploidy facilitates the accumulation of genetic variation,including genomic buffering that enables mutation retention.Furthermore,we explore the significant roles of interspecies and interploidy introgression in introducing external genetic novelty.We highlight homoeologous exchange(HE)as a critical mechanism unique to allopolyploids,driving substantial genomic rearrangements including presence-absence variations and gene dosage alterations that directly contribute to significant phenotypic innovation and adaptation in Brassica.Together,these polyploidy-associated processes have led to the extensive range of genomic variations that shaped great morphological diversification in the domestication of Brassica.By integrating insights from genomics,genetics,and evolutionary biology,this review shows how polyploidy has been central to Brassica's success and agricultural value.We also suggest future research areas to better understand polyploid evolution and improve crop breeding.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32002122,32372805)。
文摘Brassica napus(oilseed rape)is sensitive to boron(B)deficiency and exhibits young leaf curling in response to low-B stress at the seedling stage,which leads to reduced photosynthesis and plant growth.So far,no gene has been identified to be involved in B deficiency induced leaf curling.Our previous results showed the transcription factor BnaA1.WRKY53 might be involved in B-deficiency tolerance.However,altered BnaA1.WRKY53 expression does not influence B concentration in shoot,root and leaf cell walls,which suggests Bna A1.WRKY53 might be involved in other biological processes.Indeed,phenotypic and anatomical analyses revealed that BnaA1.WRKY53 negatively regulated the leaf curling induced by leaf epinasty by suppressing the overexpansion of palisade cells under B deficiency.Further transcriptome enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between wild-type and BnaA1.WRKY53overexpression line showed auxin response pathway was enriched.In addition,Arabidopsis DR5::GFP auxin reporter line showed B deficiency caused predominant auxin signal accumulation in the adaxial side and concomitant adaxial cell expansion,which indicated that B deficiency may induce leaf curling by altering auxin distribution.Phytohormone quantification and gene expression analysis demonstrated that BnaA1.WRKY53 prevent auxin overaccumulation in leaves by suppressing auxin biosynthetic genes under B deficiency.Furthermore,exogenous 1-naphthlcetic acid(NAA)treatment experiments revealed that high auxin could induce leaf curling and BnaA1.WRKY53 expression.Overall,these findings demonstrate that auxin and the transcription factor BnaA1.WRKY53 synergistically regulate leaf curling to maintain an optimal leaf area under B deficiency,and provide novel insights into the resistance mechanisms against B-deficiency-induced leaf curling in oilseed rape.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1200400)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Shaanxi Province(2024RSCXTD-69)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2021LLRH-07)a grant from the Yang Ling Seed Industry Innovation Center(K3031122024).
文摘Appropriate flowering time in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)is vital for preventing losses from weather,diseases,and pests.However,the molecular basis of its regulation remains largely unknown.Here,a genome-wide association study identifies BnaC09.FUL,a MADS-box transcription factor,as a promising candidate gene regulating flowering time in B.napus.BnaC09.FUL expression increases sharply in B.napus shoot apices near bolting.BnaC09.FUL overexpression results in early flowering,while BnaFUL mutation causes delayed flowering in B.napus.A zinc finger transcription factor,BnaC06.WIP2,is identified as an interaction partner of BnaC09.FUL,and BnaC06.WIP2 overexpression delays flowering in B.napus,with RNA sequencing revealing its influence on the expression of many flowering-associated genes.We further demonstrate that BnaC06.WIP2 directly represses the expression of BnaA05.SOC1,BnaC03.SOC1,BnaC04.SOC1,BnaC06.FT,BnaA06.LFY,BnaC07.FUL,BnaA08.CAL,and BnaC03.CAL and indirectly inhibits the expression of other flowering time-related genes.Genetic and molecular investigations highlight the antagonistic relationship between BnaC09.FUL and BnaC06.WIP2 in regulating the flowering time in B.napus through direct regulation of the expression of BnaC03.SOC1,BnaA08.CAL,and BnaC03.CAL.Overall,our findings provide a mechanism by which the BnaC09.FUL–BnaC06.WIP2 transcriptional regulatory module controls the flowering time in B.napus.
基金funded by Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2022ZD04008)Major Science and Technology Project of Hubei Province(2023BBA004)+1 种基金Jiujiang Municipal Key Research and Development Program(2025_001556)the China Agriculture Research System under the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,as well as the Science and Technology Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-OCRI)。
文摘Drought and salt stresses are major abiotic factors that severely affect the growth,development,and yield formation of Brassica napus.Human derived FTO gene(Fat mass and obesity-associated),is a member of the Alk B family,encoding a m RNA demethylase that is dependent onα-ketoglutarate.Although previous studies have demonstrated that exogenous overexpression of FTO gene can increase plant biomass,its impact on plant stress resistance is still unclear.In this study,we cloned the FTO gene and conducted an analysis of its biological functions for drought and salt resistance for Brassicaceae plants.By overexpressing the FTO gene in Arabidopsis thaliana,the inhibitory effect of salt and drought stress on the root length growth of transgenic lines was significantly lower than that of the control.Moreover,the overexpression of FTO markedly enhanced the tolerance of Arabidopsis to drought and salt stress.It also led to a decrease in malondialdehyde(MDA)content,an increase in proline content,and a boost in superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity.Meanwhile,when the FTO gene was heterologously expressed in B.napus,the transgenic plants were less affected by stress.In comparison to control plants,they exhibited significantly lower MDA levels and markedly higher proline content and SOD activity.Furthermore,staining results with Trypan blue and nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT)staining indicate that the FTO gene can alleviate the damage to plants under stress and inhibit the accumulation of O_(2)^(-).Comprehensively,the results indicate that overexpression of the FTO gene can improve the drought and salt tolerance in transgenic plants,providing valuable references for further exploring the FTO-mediated stress resistance mechanisms.
