Dear Editor,Brassica napus L.,commonly known as rapeseed,canola,or oilseed rape,is the world’s third oilseed crop and accounts for12%of major worldwide oil production(FAO,2022).Rapeseed provides not only healthy and ...Dear Editor,Brassica napus L.,commonly known as rapeseed,canola,or oilseed rape,is the world’s third oilseed crop and accounts for12%of major worldwide oil production(FAO,2022).Rapeseed provides not only healthy and nutritionally balanced edible oil for humans but also protein-rich fodder for animals and renewable materials for biodiesel and industrial applications.Polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs),including omega-3 fatty acids and omega-6 fatty acids,are mainly essential fatty acids and play a crucial role in the human diet,as humans obtain them from dietary sources.Most crop seeds and vegetable oils,including canola,soybean,corn,and sunflower oils,are major sources of omega-6 fatty acids in the form of linoleic acid and have low proportions of omega-3 fatty acids(Saini and Keum,2018).Several key enzymes are responsible for the synthesis of PUFAs,such as FAD2,which converts oleic acid to linoleic acid,and FAD3,which converts linoleic acid to linolenic acid(Yadav et al.,1993;Okuley et al.,1994).展开更多
原产于非洲的埃塞俄比亚芥(Brassica carinata,2n=34,BBCC)具有适应于炎热干旱地区种植等特点,是改良我国芥菜型油菜(B.juncea,2n=36,AABB)的重要种质资源。本研究用基因组原位杂交方法(GISH,Genomic in situ hybridization)分析了芥菜...原产于非洲的埃塞俄比亚芥(Brassica carinata,2n=34,BBCC)具有适应于炎热干旱地区种植等特点,是改良我国芥菜型油菜(B.juncea,2n=36,AABB)的重要种质资源。本研究用基因组原位杂交方法(GISH,Genomic in situ hybridization)分析了芥菜型油菜与埃塞俄比亚芥种间杂种花粉母细胞的染色体分离,发现在后期I染色体主要以17∶18类型分离,其次是16∶19,染色体落后现象偶然发生,其中B染色体组以8∶8的分离比率较高,表明不同来源的B染色体可正常配对分离。本研究表明,芥菜型油菜与埃塞俄比亚芥远缘杂交,通过染色体同源重组(B染色体间),以及部分同源染色体配对交换的方式(A、B、C基因组间),有可能将埃塞俄比亚芥优良遗传成分转移到芥菜型油菜中。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171982 and 31970564)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF1000100)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(2662023PY004)the UK Department for Environment,Food and Rural Affairs Oilseed Rape Genetic Improvement Network(OREGIN)(CH0110).
文摘Dear Editor,Brassica napus L.,commonly known as rapeseed,canola,or oilseed rape,is the world’s third oilseed crop and accounts for12%of major worldwide oil production(FAO,2022).Rapeseed provides not only healthy and nutritionally balanced edible oil for humans but also protein-rich fodder for animals and renewable materials for biodiesel and industrial applications.Polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs),including omega-3 fatty acids and omega-6 fatty acids,are mainly essential fatty acids and play a crucial role in the human diet,as humans obtain them from dietary sources.Most crop seeds and vegetable oils,including canola,soybean,corn,and sunflower oils,are major sources of omega-6 fatty acids in the form of linoleic acid and have low proportions of omega-3 fatty acids(Saini and Keum,2018).Several key enzymes are responsible for the synthesis of PUFAs,such as FAD2,which converts oleic acid to linoleic acid,and FAD3,which converts linoleic acid to linolenic acid(Yadav et al.,1993;Okuley et al.,1994).
文摘原产于非洲的埃塞俄比亚芥(Brassica carinata,2n=34,BBCC)具有适应于炎热干旱地区种植等特点,是改良我国芥菜型油菜(B.juncea,2n=36,AABB)的重要种质资源。本研究用基因组原位杂交方法(GISH,Genomic in situ hybridization)分析了芥菜型油菜与埃塞俄比亚芥种间杂种花粉母细胞的染色体分离,发现在后期I染色体主要以17∶18类型分离,其次是16∶19,染色体落后现象偶然发生,其中B染色体组以8∶8的分离比率较高,表明不同来源的B染色体可正常配对分离。本研究表明,芥菜型油菜与埃塞俄比亚芥远缘杂交,通过染色体同源重组(B染色体间),以及部分同源染色体配对交换的方式(A、B、C基因组间),有可能将埃塞俄比亚芥优良遗传成分转移到芥菜型油菜中。
