In this paper, we investigate the dynamical instability of the dark state in the conversion of Bose-Fermi mixtures into stable molecules through a stimulated Raman adiabatic passage aided by Feshbach resonance. We ana...In this paper, we investigate the dynamical instability of the dark state in the conversion of Bose-Fermi mixtures into stable molecules through a stimulated Raman adiabatic passage aided by Feshbach resonance. We analytically obtain the regions where the dynamical instability appears and find that such instability in the Bose-Fermi mixture system is caused not only by bosonic interparticle interactions but also by Pauli blocking terms, which is different from the scenario of a pure bosonic system where instability is induced by nonlinear interparticle collisions. Taking a 40K-87Rb mixture as an example, we give the unstable regions numerically.展开更多
We study the spontaneous symmetry breaking of a superfluid Bose-Fermi mixture in a two-dimensional double- well potential. The mixture is described by a set of coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations. The symmetry breaking...We study the spontaneous symmetry breaking of a superfluid Bose-Fermi mixture in a two-dimensional double- well potential. The mixture is described by a set of coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations. The symmetry breaking phenomenon is demonstrated in the two-dimensional double-well potential in the mixture. The results are summarized in the phase diagrams of the mixture particle numbers, which are divided into symmetric and asymmetric regions by the asymmetry ratios. The dynamical pictures of the spontaneous symmetry breaking induced by a gradual transformation of the single-well potential into a double-well one are also illustrated. The properties of the quantum degenerate mixture are explored using the realistic parameters for a ^40K-^87Rb system.展开更多
We study the topological properties of a one-dimensional （1D） hardcore Bose-Fermi mixture using the exact diagonalization method. We firstly add a hardcore boson to a fermionic system and by examining the edge state...We study the topological properties of a one-dimensional （1D） hardcore Bose-Fermi mixture using the exact diagonalization method. We firstly add a hardcore boson to a fermionic system and by examining the edge states we find that the quasi-particle manifests the topological properties of the system. Then we study a mixture with 7 fermions and 1 boson. We find that the mixture also exhibits topological properties and its behaviors are similar to that of the corresponding fermionic system. We present a qualitative explanation to understand such behaviors using the mapping between a hardcore boson and a spinless fermion. These results show the existence of topological properties in a 1D hardcore Bose-Fermi mixture and may be realized using cold atoms trapped in optical lattices experimentally.展开更多
In this article,we discuss a method to control the long-range interactions between bosons in a threedimensional Bose-Fermi mixture with the help of optical lattices on fermions.We find the range and the peaked momentu...In this article,we discuss a method to control the long-range interactions between bosons in a threedimensional Bose-Fermi mixture with the help of optical lattices on fermions.We find the range and the peaked momentum of the fermion-mediated interactions can be tuned by the optical lattice depth and the fermion density.If the fermion density is close to half-filling,roton excitations can be generated with weak Bose-Fermi interactions.Further,if the fermions are not exact at half-filling,multi-roton structure may emerge,implying competing density orders.Therefore,tuning the lattice depth and the fermion density in a Bose-Fermi mixture serves as an effective way to control the interaction range and resonant momentum between bosons.展开更多
BACKGROUND Paternal perinatal depression(PPD)is closely associated with maternal mental health challenges,marital strain,and adverse child developmental outcomes.Despite its significant impact,PPD remains under-recogn...BACKGROUND Paternal perinatal depression(PPD)is closely associated with maternal mental health challenges,marital strain,and adverse child developmental outcomes.Despite its significant impact,PPD remains under-recognized in family-centered clinical practice.Concurrently,against the backdrop of rising rates of delayed marriage and China’s Maternity Incentive Policy,the proportion of women giving birth at an advanced maternal age is increasing.Nevertheless,research specifically examining PPD among spouses of older mothers remains critically scarce,both in China and globally.AIM To investigate PPD and its influencing factors in Chinese advanced maternal age families.METHODS This cross-sectional study included 358 participants;it was conducted among fathers of pregnant women of advanced maternal age at five hospitals in the Pearl River Delta region of China from September 2023 to June 2024.Data were collected via a general information questionnaire,the Social Support Rating Scale,and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.Latent profile analysis and regression mixture models(RMMs)were adopted to analyze the latent PPD types and factors that influenced PPD.RESULTS The incidence of PPD was 16.48%,and three profiles were identified:Low-symptomatic(175 cases,48.89%),monophasic(140 cases,39.10%),and high-symptomatic(43 cases,12.01%).The RMM analysis revealed that first pregnancy,low income(<¥3000/month),part-time work,and a history of abnormal pregnancy were positively associated with the high-symptomatic type(P<0.05).Conversely,high subjective support and support utilization were negatively associated with the high-symptomatic type compared with the low-symptomatic type(P<0.05).Good couple relationships,high objective and subjective support,and high support utilization were negatively associated with monophasic disorder(P<0.05).CONCLUSION PPD incidence is high among Chinese fathers with advanced maternal age partners,and the characteristics of depression are varied.Healthcare practitioners should prioritize individuals with low levels of social support.展开更多
Catalytic destruction is an ascendant technology for the abatement of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)originating fromsolvent-based industrial processes.The varied composition tends to influence each VOC’s catalytic ...Catalytic destruction is an ascendant technology for the abatement of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)originating fromsolvent-based industrial processes.The varied composition tends to influence each VOC’s catalytic behavior in the reaction mixture.We investigated the catalytic destruction of multi-component VOCs including dichloromethane(DCM)and ethyl acetate(EA),as representatives from pharmaceutical waste gases,over co-supported HxPO_(4)-RuOx/CeO_(2) catalyst.A mutual inhibitory effect relating to concentrations because of competitive adsorption was verified in the binary VOCs oxidation and EA posed a more negative effect on DCM oxidation owing to EA’s superior adsorption capacity.Preferential adsorption of EA on acidic sites(HxPO_(4)/CeO_(2))promoted DCM activation on basic sites(O^(2−))and the dominating EA oxidation blocked DCM’s access to oxidation centers(RuOx/CeO_(2)),resulting in boosted monochloromethane yield and increased chlorine deposition for DCM oxidation.The impaired redox ability of Ru species owing to chlorine deposition in turn jeopardized deep oxidation of EA and its by-products,leading to increased gaseous by-products such as acetic acid originating fromEA pyrolysis.Notably,DCM at low concentration slightly promoted EA conversion at low temperatures with or without water,consistent with the enhanced EA adsorption in co-adsorption analyses.This was mainly due to that DCM impeded the shielding effect of hydrolysate deposition from rapid EA hydrolysis depending on the decreased acidity.Moreover,water benefited EA hydrolysis but decreased CO_(2) selectivity while the generated water derived from EA was likely to affect DCM transformation.This work may provide theoretical guidance for the promotion of applied catalysts toward industrial applications.展开更多
As the first gold mine discovered at the sea in China and the only coastal gold mine currently mined there,Sanshandao Gold Mine faces unique challenges.The mine's safety is under continual threat from its faulted ...As the first gold mine discovered at the sea in China and the only coastal gold mine currently mined there,Sanshandao Gold Mine faces unique challenges.The mine's safety is under continual threat from its faulted structure coupled with the overlying water.As the mining proceeds deeper,the risk of water inrush increases.The mine's maximum water yield reaches 15000 m3/day,which is attributable to water channels present in fault zones.Predominantly composed of soil–rock mixtures(SRM),these fault zones'seepage characteristics significantly impact water inrush risk.Consequently,investigating the seepage characteristics of SRM is of paramount importance.However,the existing literature mostly concentrates on a single stress state.Therefore,this study examined the characteristics of the permeability coefficient under three distinct stress states:osmotic,osmotic–uniaxial,and osmotic–triaxial pressure.The SRM samples utilized in this study were extracted from in situ fault zones and then reshaped in the laboratory.In addition,the micromechanical properties of the SRM samples were analyzed using computed tomography scanning.The findings reveal that the permeability coefficient is the highest under osmotic pressure and lowest under osmotic–triaxial pressure.The sensitivity coefficient shows a higher value when the rock block percentage ranges between 30%and 40%,but it falls below 1.0 when this percentage exceeds 50%under no confining pressure.Notably,rock block percentages of 40%and 60%represent the two peak points of the sensitivity coefficient under osmotic–triaxial pressure.However,SRM samples with a 40%rock block percentage consistently show the lowest permeability coefficient under all stress states.This study establishes that a power function can model the relationship between the permeability coefficient and osmotic pressure,while its relationship with axial pressure can be described using an exponential function.These insights are invaluable for developing water inrush prevention and control strategies in mining environments.展开更多
Understanding the mechanisms of gas transport and the resulting preferential pathways formation through bentonite-based barriers is essential for their performance evaluation.In this experimental study,gas migration w...Understanding the mechanisms of gas transport and the resulting preferential pathways formation through bentonite-based barriers is essential for their performance evaluation.In this experimental study,gas migration within a heterogenous mixture of MX80 bentonite pellets and powder with a ratio of 80/20 in dry mass was investigated.A novel X-ray transparent constant volume cell has been developed to assess the effect of gas pressure,material heterogeneities,and water vapor gas saturation on breakthrough pressure and gas pathways.The new cell allows to perform high-resolution X-ray computed micro-tomography(X-ray μCT)scans to track microstructural changes during different phases of saturation and gas injection.Experimental results showed that the gas breakthrough occurred when the pressure was raised to 3 MPa.This is slightly higher than the expected swelling pressure(2.9 MPa)of the bentonite sample.Each gas injection was followed by a long resaturation phase restoring material homogeneity at μCT resolution scale(16 mm).However,the elapsed time needed for gas to breakthrough at 3 MPa diminished at each subsequent injection test.X-ray μCT results also revealed the opening of the specimen/cell wall interface during gas passage.This opening expanded as the injection pressure increased.The gas flow along the interface was associated with the development of dilatant pathways inside the sample,although they did not reach the outlet surface.It was observed that the water vapor gas saturation had no effect on the breakthrough pressure.These findings enhance the understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying microstructural evolution and gas pathway development within the highly heterogeneous mixture.The experimental outcomes highlight the effectiveness of X-ray μCT to improve quality protocols for engineering design and safety assessments of engineered barriers.展开更多
[Objectives]To optimize the optimal extraction process of Qingdu Jianpi Mixture.[Methods]Taking water addition ratio,extraction time and extraction times as process investigation factors,psoralen content,astilbin cont...[Objectives]To optimize the optimal extraction process of Qingdu Jianpi Mixture.[Methods]Taking water addition ratio,extraction time and extraction times as process investigation factors,psoralen content,astilbin content and dry extract yield as evaluation indicators,the main influencing factors and level range of the extraction process of Qingdu Jianpi Mixture were determined on the basis of single factor test method,and the optimal weight coefficient was screened by AHP-entropy method mixed with weighting method.Combined with L_(9)(3^(4))orthogonal experiment,the best extraction process was obtained.At the same time,thin-layer chromatographic identification was used to identify Ficus simplicissima Lour.and Smilax glabra Roxb.in the medicinal liquid.[Results]The best extraction process:add 1:12 water to the prescription decoction pieces,extract under reflux for 2 times,1.5 h per time,and combine the filtrate to 250 mL.Thin layer chromatography analysis showed that the spots of Ficus simplicissima Lour.and Smilax glabra Roxb.in the medicinal solution were the same as those of reference substances at the corresponding positions,and the negative control had no interference.[Conclusions]The experimental method is reasonable and feasible,and the process is reliable,which can provide experimental reference for the subsequent application of in-hospital preparations and research and development of Qingdu Jianpi Mixture.展开更多
The upper bound on the model error will be decreased when the mean square error and the maximum distance deviation are sufficiently small in the uniform designs for mixture experiments and the design is more robust fo...The upper bound on the model error will be decreased when the mean square error and the maximum distance deviation are sufficiently small in the uniform designs for mixture experiments and the design is more robust for the model.However,the analytical expressions of MSED and MD are currently only available in the hypercube,but both types of deviations in other studies are just approximations.Although it can obtain good approximations in the low-dimensional case,the calculation will be more complicated for an experiment with more variables.Therefore,in this paper,an algorithm based on lattice point partitioning design is proposed to obtain the analytical expression of the MSED and MD in the region covered by the lattice points.Furthermore,the design’s optimality is considered and illustrated by examples under the same uniformity.展开更多
The Russian energy sector remains heavily reliant on thermal power plants,with gas generation accounting for approximately 66%of the installed capacity.However,the industry faces challenges such as depletion of reserv...The Russian energy sector remains heavily reliant on thermal power plants,with gas generation accounting for approximately 66%of the installed capacity.However,the industry faces challenges such as depletion of reserves,rising prices for hydrocarbons,and increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.This study focuses on developing new scientific and technical solutions to increase the efficiency and environmental safety of combined cycle power units.The research involves structural and parametric optimization of trinary cycle power plants operating on a methane-hydrogen mixture,as well as the development and optimization of turbine and heat exchange equipment for low-temperature power plants.The results show that the transition to trinary CCGT(Combine Cycle Gas Turbine)units with deep utilization and the use of hydrogen fuel can significantly reduce specific CO_(2) emissions and increase energy efficiency up to 0.21%with also increases in capacity of turbine of approximately 17 MW.The aim of this research is to calculate the efficiency,cost effectiveness and environmental-friendly solution for power generation using mixture of hydrogen-methane as fuel in combine cycle power plant that includes ORC.Additionally,the efficiency of the organic Rankine Cycle(ORC)benefits from the increased moisture,with capacity improvements of 1–2 MW observed when the hydrogen proportion rises from 25%to 50%.Moreover,the potential for zero emissions,coupled with significant increases in power output and efficiency,underscores hydrogen’s role as a pivotal component in the future of energy production.展开更多
Arsenic(As)and chromium(Cr)are two harmful toxicants as well as carcinogens which can coexist in polluted surface water and groundwater.This coexistence leads to mixture effects in animals including fish.Both of these...Arsenic(As)and chromium(Cr)are two harmful toxicants as well as carcinogens which can coexist in polluted surface water and groundwater.This coexistence leads to mixture effects in animals including fish.Both of these heavy metals are reported to manifest reactive oxygen species(ROS)mediated toxicity.Though individual neurotoxic effects have been reported,their mixture effects,its mechanism and cellular responses against oxidative stress and DNA damages remain unknown.The present study evaluated the individual and mixture effects of As and Cr at their environmentally relevant concentrations in zebrafish(Danio rerio)brain after 15,30 and 60 days of exposure.Nrf2,a transcription factor is involved in the expressional regulation of enzymes needed to maintain cellular redox homeostasis.This study reported the expressional pattern of Nrf2 and its associated xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme Nqo1 and other markers of oxidative stress such as ROS generation,reduced glutathione level,lipid peroxidation and catalase activity.Increased malondialdehyde(MDA)content,glutathione level,and catalase activity indicated oxidative stress in exposed groups.In addition,this study revealed expressional alterations of neurotoxicity marker(ache),DNA repair(ogg1,apex1,creb1,polb,mlh1,msh2 and msh6)and tumor suppressor(p53,brca2)genes.Results of ROS generation,MDA level,histopathological analysis,gene expression and immunofluorescence study confirmed that As and Cr did not show antagonistic effects in combination rather indicated additive effects which was dose-dependent but not always linear.展开更多
Direct recycling methods offer a non-destructive way to regenerate degraded cathode material.The materials to be recycled in the industry typically constitute a mixture of various cathode materials extracted from a wi...Direct recycling methods offer a non-destructive way to regenerate degraded cathode material.The materials to be recycled in the industry typically constitute a mixture of various cathode materials extracted from a wide variety of retired lithium-ion batteries.Bridging the gap,a direct recycling method using a low-temperature sintering process is reported.The degraded cathode mixture of LMO(LiMn_(2)O_(4))and NMC(LiNiCoMnO_(2))extracted from retired LIBs was successfully regenerated by the proposed method with a low sintering temperature of 300℃ for 4 h.Advanced characterization tools were utilized to validate the full recovery of the crystal structure in the degraded cathode mixture.After regeneration,LMO/NMC cathode mixture shows an initial capacity of 144.0mAh g^(-1) and a capacity retention of 95.1%at 0.5 C for 250 cycles.The regenerated cathode mixture also shows a capacity of 83 mAh g-1 at 2 C,which is slightly higher compared to the pristine material.As a result of the direct recycling process,the electrochemical performance of degraded cathode mixture is recovered to the same level as the pristine material.Life-cycle assessment results emphasized a 90.4%reduction in energy consumption and a 51%reduction in PM2.5 emissions for lithium-ion battery packs using a direct recycled cathode mixture compared to the pristine material.展开更多
It is well established that species mixtures could enhance ecosystem functioning in diverse ecosystem types,with these benefits increasing over time.However,the impact of tree mixtures on Collembola communities follow...It is well established that species mixtures could enhance ecosystem functioning in diverse ecosystem types,with these benefits increasing over time.However,the impact of tree mixtures on Collembola communities following stand development in natural forests remains unclear,despite the critical roles Collembola plays in litter decomposition and nutrient cycling.We investigated the effects of tree species mixtures on Collembola abundance,diversity,and community structure by sampling pure and mixed jack pine(Pinus banksiana Lamb.)and trembling aspen(Populus tremuloides Michx.)of 15-year-old and 41-year-old stands in natural boreal forest.In total,6,620 individuals of Collembola were identified as belonging to 39 species/morphospecies.Our results showed significant effects of stand types on Collembola with higher abundance and richness in conifer and mixed stands than in broadleaf stands.Additionally,with stand development,we observed increased Collembola abundance and richness.In 15-year-old stands,Collembola abundance,richness,and evenness in mixed-species stands were comparable to those in single-species stands.However,as stands developed,tree mixture effects became more pronounced,resulting in higher Collembola abundance and richness in mixed-species stands compared to the average of single-species stands in 41-year-old stands.Further,we observed positive associations between the mixture effects on Collembola abundance and richness with soil nutrient contents.We conclude that tree species mixtures can significantly enhance Collembola abundance and diversity,particularly in older stands and those with elevated soil nutrient levels.展开更多
Density(p),speed of sound(u),viscosity(η),and refractive index(n_(D))were measured for pure acetonitrile,trichloroethene,and tetrachloroethene,as well as their binary mixtures at temperatures T=(293.15,298.15,303.15)...Density(p),speed of sound(u),viscosity(η),and refractive index(n_(D))were measured for pure acetonitrile,trichloroethene,and tetrachloroethene,as well as their binary mixtures at temperatures T=(293.15,298.15,303.15)K and at ambient pressure(81.5 kPa).From the experimental data,excess molar volume(V_(m)~E),thermal expansion coefficients(α),deviations in isentropic compressibility(Δκ_(S)),viscosity(Δ_η),and refractive index(Δn_(D))were calculated.These values were then correlated using the Redlich-Kister polynomial equation,with fitting coefficients and standard deviations determined.Additionally,the Prigogine-Flory-Patterson(PFP)theory and the Extended Real Associated Solution(ERAS)model were employed to correlate the excess molar volume,while the Perturbed Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory(PC-SAFT)was used to predict the density of mixtures.展开更多
Compacted clays are widely used as barriers in municipal solid waste(MSW)landfills due to their low permeability,and the hydro-mechanical behaviour of such materials can be greatly affected by environmental conditions...Compacted clays are widely used as barriers in municipal solid waste(MSW)landfills due to their low permeability,and the hydro-mechanical behaviour of such materials can be greatly affected by environmental conditions.In this study,a series of wetting-drying(W-D)cycle tests and hydraulic conductivity tests were conducted on compacted red clay-bentonite mixtures.Various concentrations of NaCl solution were introduced during wetting to investigate the chemical effects.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP)tests were performed to analyze the evolution of soil microstructure.Results indicate that the compacted mixtures undergo cumulative shrinkage during W-D cycles,reaching an elastic state after three cycles.The hydraulic conductivity decreases as the bentonite content increases,becoming lower than 1×10^(-9)m/s when the bentonite content exceeds 10%,which satisfies the requirement for waste barriers.For a given bentonite content,the relationship between the logarithm of hydraulic conductivity and the void ratio can be well described by a linear regression equation.Additionally,the hydraulic conductivity initially increases and then decreases during the W-D cycles,peaking during the second wetting process.The presence of NaCl solution accelerates microstructural evolution and cumulative shrinkage,particularly in pure red clay.Therefore,adding an appropriate amount of bentonite mitigates the effect of NaCl solution on the volume change.Furthermore,the addition of bentonite exhibits a dual effect:the lubrication effect dominates in the mixtures with low bentonite content,while the filling effect prevails as volume change decreases due to the restriction of aggregates rearrangement when the bentonite content is high enough to fill the macropores.展开更多
Compacted sand-bentonite mixtures are used as waste containment barriers(e.g.landfill liners and bentonite buffers for nuclear waste)to restrict contaminant transport.The potential for enhanced chemical containment of...Compacted sand-bentonite mixtures are used as waste containment barriers(e.g.landfill liners and bentonite buffers for nuclear waste)to restrict contaminant transport.The potential for enhanced chemical containment of compacted sand-bentonite mixtures due to semipermeable membrane behavior has also been demonstrated.However,the extent to which membrane behavior persists in the presence of highly concentrated chemical solutions,which have been shown to degrade membrane behavior in bentonite-based barriers,remains largely unknown.Moreover,the limiting(threshold)salt concentrations at which membrane behavior of compacted sand-bentonite mixtures is effectively destroyed have not been evaluated.Accordingly,this study quantified the limiting membrane behavior of two duplicated specimens of compacted sand-bentonite mixture comprising 15%sodium bentonite(by dry mass)by determining the limiting salt concentrations at which measurable membrane behavior was eliminated.The specimens were exposed to increasingly higher source concentrations,Cot,of boundary monovalent salt solutions(KCl and NaCl)until measured values of the membrane efficiency coefficient,ω,were effectively zero.Overall,ωdecreased from an average of 0.032 to zero as Cot increased from 160 mmol/L KCl to 3.27 mol/L NaCl,resulting in limiting threshold salt concentrations for the two tests between 1.63 mol/L and 3.27 mol/L NaCl,which are significantly higher than those at which measurable membrane behavior has previously been demonstrated.展开更多
[Objectives] To optimize the extraction process of Damp-clearing Mixture and establish the quality control indicators. [Methods] The extraction process of Coicis Semen Damp-clearing Mixture was optimized by L 9(3 4) o...[Objectives] To optimize the extraction process of Damp-clearing Mixture and establish the quality control indicators. [Methods] The extraction process of Coicis Semen Damp-clearing Mixture was optimized by L 9(3 4) orthogonal design with the content of total flavonoids and the dry yield rate as the evaluation indicators, and the amount of water, extraction time and extraction times as the factors, to determine the formation process of Coicis Semen Damp-clearing Mixture. In addition, the quality of the mixture was studied by thin layer chromatography (TLC). [Results] The optimal extraction process of Coicis Semen Damp-clearing Mixture was as follows: decocting twice, one hour each time, adding 8 times of water in the first time and 6 times of water in the second time, standing the extract in a cool place, adding 0.1% steviosin to facilitate the formation of the mixture;Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma and Dendrophenol in the mixture were well separated by TLC with good reproducibility and specificity. [Conclusions] The preparation process and quality control indicators determined by the experiment are reasonable and feasible. It can provide a reference for the pilot production and quality standards of Coicis Semen Damp-clearing Mixture.展开更多
Objective Humans are exposed to complex mixtures of environmental chemicals and other factors that can affect their health.Analysis of these mixture exposures presents several key challenges for environmental epidemio...Objective Humans are exposed to complex mixtures of environmental chemicals and other factors that can affect their health.Analysis of these mixture exposures presents several key challenges for environmental epidemiology and risk assessment,including high dimensionality,correlated exposure,and subtle individual effects.Methods We proposed a novel statistical approach,the generalized functional linear model(GFLM),to analyze the health effects of exposure mixtures.GFLM treats the effect of mixture exposures as a smooth function by reordering exposures based on specific mechanisms and capturing internal correlations to provide a meaningful estimation and interpretation.The robustness and efficiency was evaluated under various scenarios through extensive simulation studies.Results We applied the GFLM to two datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES).In the first application,we examined the effects of 37 nutrients on BMI(2011–2016 cycles).The GFLM identified a significant mixture effect,with fiber and fat emerging as the nutrients with the greatest negative and positive effects on BMI,respectively.For the second application,we investigated the association between four pre-and perfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)and gout risk(2007–2018 cycles).Unlike traditional methods,the GFLM indicated no significant association,demonstrating its robustness to multicollinearity.Conclusion GFLM framework is a powerful tool for mixture exposure analysis,offering improved handling of correlated exposures and interpretable results.It demonstrates robust performance across various scenarios and real-world applications,advancing our understanding of complex environmental exposures and their health impacts on environmental epidemiology and toxicology.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants Nos. 10725521,11005055,and 11075020)the National Fundamental Research Programme of China (Grant No. 2011CB921503)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,China (Grant No. 20072054)the Science and Technology Plan Projects of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education,China (Grant No. 2009S045)the Shenyang Planning Project of Science and Technology Bureau,China (Grant No. 1091187-1-00)
文摘In this paper, we investigate the dynamical instability of the dark state in the conversion of Bose-Fermi mixtures into stable molecules through a stimulated Raman adiabatic passage aided by Feshbach resonance. We analytically obtain the regions where the dynamical instability appears and find that such instability in the Bose-Fermi mixture system is caused not only by bosonic interparticle interactions but also by Pauli blocking terms, which is different from the scenario of a pure bosonic system where instability is induced by nonlinear interparticle collisions. Taking a 40K-87Rb mixture as an example, we give the unstable regions numerically.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10974068 and 11174108)
文摘We study the spontaneous symmetry breaking of a superfluid Bose-Fermi mixture in a two-dimensional double- well potential. The mixture is described by a set of coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations. The symmetry breaking phenomenon is demonstrated in the two-dimensional double-well potential in the mixture. The results are summarized in the phase diagrams of the mixture particle numbers, which are divided into symmetric and asymmetric regions by the asymmetry ratios. The dynamical pictures of the spontaneous symmetry breaking induced by a gradual transformation of the single-well potential into a double-well one are also illustrated. The properties of the quantum degenerate mixture are explored using the realistic parameters for a ^40K-^87Rb system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11274032, 11104189, 11004006, 11274033, 11074023, and 11274044)FOK YING TUNG Education Foundation, China
文摘We study the topological properties of a one-dimensional （1D） hardcore Bose-Fermi mixture using the exact diagonalization method. We firstly add a hardcore boson to a fermionic system and by examining the edge states we find that the quasi-particle manifests the topological properties of the system. Then we study a mixture with 7 fermions and 1 boson. We find that the mixture also exhibits topological properties and its behaviors are similar to that of the corresponding fermionic system. We present a qualitative explanation to understand such behaviors using the mapping between a hardcore boson and a spinless fermion. These results show the existence of topological properties in a 1D hardcore Bose-Fermi mixture and may be realized using cold atoms trapped in optical lattices experimentally.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11604225,11734010Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Z180013)Foundation of Beijing Education Committees under Grant No.KM201710028004
文摘In this article,we discuss a method to control the long-range interactions between bosons in a threedimensional Bose-Fermi mixture with the help of optical lattices on fermions.We find the range and the peaked momentum of the fermion-mediated interactions can be tuned by the optical lattice depth and the fermion density.If the fermion density is close to half-filling,roton excitations can be generated with weak Bose-Fermi interactions.Further,if the fermions are not exact at half-filling,multi-roton structure may emerge,implying competing density orders.Therefore,tuning the lattice depth and the fermion density in a Bose-Fermi mixture serves as an effective way to control the interaction range and resonant momentum between bosons.
基金Supported by High-level Professional Groups in Gangdong Province,No.GSPZYQ2020101Guangdong Province Educational Research Planning Project,No.2024GXJK742。
文摘BACKGROUND Paternal perinatal depression(PPD)is closely associated with maternal mental health challenges,marital strain,and adverse child developmental outcomes.Despite its significant impact,PPD remains under-recognized in family-centered clinical practice.Concurrently,against the backdrop of rising rates of delayed marriage and China’s Maternity Incentive Policy,the proportion of women giving birth at an advanced maternal age is increasing.Nevertheless,research specifically examining PPD among spouses of older mothers remains critically scarce,both in China and globally.AIM To investigate PPD and its influencing factors in Chinese advanced maternal age families.METHODS This cross-sectional study included 358 participants;it was conducted among fathers of pregnant women of advanced maternal age at five hospitals in the Pearl River Delta region of China from September 2023 to June 2024.Data were collected via a general information questionnaire,the Social Support Rating Scale,and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.Latent profile analysis and regression mixture models(RMMs)were adopted to analyze the latent PPD types and factors that influenced PPD.RESULTS The incidence of PPD was 16.48%,and three profiles were identified:Low-symptomatic(175 cases,48.89%),monophasic(140 cases,39.10%),and high-symptomatic(43 cases,12.01%).The RMM analysis revealed that first pregnancy,low income(<¥3000/month),part-time work,and a history of abnormal pregnancy were positively associated with the high-symptomatic type(P<0.05).Conversely,high subjective support and support utilization were negatively associated with the high-symptomatic type compared with the low-symptomatic type(P<0.05).Good couple relationships,high objective and subjective support,and high support utilization were negatively associated with monophasic disorder(P<0.05).CONCLUSION PPD incidence is high among Chinese fathers with advanced maternal age partners,and the characteristics of depression are varied.Healthcare practitioners should prioritize individuals with low levels of social support.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21906087 and 52070168)the Key R&D Plan of Zhejiang Province (No.2023C03127)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.226-2022-00150).
文摘Catalytic destruction is an ascendant technology for the abatement of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)originating fromsolvent-based industrial processes.The varied composition tends to influence each VOC’s catalytic behavior in the reaction mixture.We investigated the catalytic destruction of multi-component VOCs including dichloromethane(DCM)and ethyl acetate(EA),as representatives from pharmaceutical waste gases,over co-supported HxPO_(4)-RuOx/CeO_(2) catalyst.A mutual inhibitory effect relating to concentrations because of competitive adsorption was verified in the binary VOCs oxidation and EA posed a more negative effect on DCM oxidation owing to EA’s superior adsorption capacity.Preferential adsorption of EA on acidic sites(HxPO_(4)/CeO_(2))promoted DCM activation on basic sites(O^(2−))and the dominating EA oxidation blocked DCM’s access to oxidation centers(RuOx/CeO_(2)),resulting in boosted monochloromethane yield and increased chlorine deposition for DCM oxidation.The impaired redox ability of Ru species owing to chlorine deposition in turn jeopardized deep oxidation of EA and its by-products,leading to increased gaseous by-products such as acetic acid originating fromEA pyrolysis.Notably,DCM at low concentration slightly promoted EA conversion at low temperatures with or without water,consistent with the enhanced EA adsorption in co-adsorption analyses.This was mainly due to that DCM impeded the shielding effect of hydrolysate deposition from rapid EA hydrolysis depending on the decreased acidity.Moreover,water benefited EA hydrolysis but decreased CO_(2) selectivity while the generated water derived from EA was likely to affect DCM transformation.This work may provide theoretical guidance for the promotion of applied catalysts toward industrial applications.
基金State Key Research Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2021YFC3001301。
文摘As the first gold mine discovered at the sea in China and the only coastal gold mine currently mined there,Sanshandao Gold Mine faces unique challenges.The mine's safety is under continual threat from its faulted structure coupled with the overlying water.As the mining proceeds deeper,the risk of water inrush increases.The mine's maximum water yield reaches 15000 m3/day,which is attributable to water channels present in fault zones.Predominantly composed of soil–rock mixtures(SRM),these fault zones'seepage characteristics significantly impact water inrush risk.Consequently,investigating the seepage characteristics of SRM is of paramount importance.However,the existing literature mostly concentrates on a single stress state.Therefore,this study examined the characteristics of the permeability coefficient under three distinct stress states:osmotic,osmotic–uniaxial,and osmotic–triaxial pressure.The SRM samples utilized in this study were extracted from in situ fault zones and then reshaped in the laboratory.In addition,the micromechanical properties of the SRM samples were analyzed using computed tomography scanning.The findings reveal that the permeability coefficient is the highest under osmotic pressure and lowest under osmotic–triaxial pressure.The sensitivity coefficient shows a higher value when the rock block percentage ranges between 30%and 40%,but it falls below 1.0 when this percentage exceeds 50%under no confining pressure.Notably,rock block percentages of 40%and 60%represent the two peak points of the sensitivity coefficient under osmotic–triaxial pressure.However,SRM samples with a 40%rock block percentage consistently show the lowest permeability coefficient under all stress states.This study establishes that a power function can model the relationship between the permeability coefficient and osmotic pressure,while its relationship with axial pressure can be described using an exponential function.These insights are invaluable for developing water inrush prevention and control strategies in mining environments.
基金funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program European Joint Program on RadioactiveWaste Management(EURAD)(2019e2024)WP-Gas‘Mechanistic understanding of gas transport in clay materials’under Grant agreement No.847593.
文摘Understanding the mechanisms of gas transport and the resulting preferential pathways formation through bentonite-based barriers is essential for their performance evaluation.In this experimental study,gas migration within a heterogenous mixture of MX80 bentonite pellets and powder with a ratio of 80/20 in dry mass was investigated.A novel X-ray transparent constant volume cell has been developed to assess the effect of gas pressure,material heterogeneities,and water vapor gas saturation on breakthrough pressure and gas pathways.The new cell allows to perform high-resolution X-ray computed micro-tomography(X-ray μCT)scans to track microstructural changes during different phases of saturation and gas injection.Experimental results showed that the gas breakthrough occurred when the pressure was raised to 3 MPa.This is slightly higher than the expected swelling pressure(2.9 MPa)of the bentonite sample.Each gas injection was followed by a long resaturation phase restoring material homogeneity at μCT resolution scale(16 mm).However,the elapsed time needed for gas to breakthrough at 3 MPa diminished at each subsequent injection test.X-ray μCT results also revealed the opening of the specimen/cell wall interface during gas passage.This opening expanded as the injection pressure increased.The gas flow along the interface was associated with the development of dilatant pathways inside the sample,although they did not reach the outlet surface.It was observed that the water vapor gas saturation had no effect on the breakthrough pressure.These findings enhance the understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying microstructural evolution and gas pathway development within the highly heterogeneous mixture.The experimental outcomes highlight the effectiveness of X-ray μCT to improve quality protocols for engineering design and safety assessments of engineered barriers.
基金Supported by Huang Ruisong's National Famous Old Traditional Chinese Medicine Expert Inheritance Studio Construction Project[GuoZhongYiYaoRenJiaoHan(2022)75]Hospital Pharmacy Research Project of Guangxi Pharmaceutical Association(GXYXH-202404)+4 种基金2024 Youth Science Fund Project of International Zhuang Medical Hospital(2024GZYJKT005)High-level Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Discipline Construction Project of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYYZDXK-2023165)National Old Pharmaceutical Workers Inheritance Studio Construction Project of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine[GuoZhongYiYaoRenJiaoHan(2024)255]Talent Cultivation Project-"Young Crop Project"of International Zhuang Medical Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine(2022001)Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Multidisciplinary Innovation Team Project(GZKJ2309).
文摘[Objectives]To optimize the optimal extraction process of Qingdu Jianpi Mixture.[Methods]Taking water addition ratio,extraction time and extraction times as process investigation factors,psoralen content,astilbin content and dry extract yield as evaluation indicators,the main influencing factors and level range of the extraction process of Qingdu Jianpi Mixture were determined on the basis of single factor test method,and the optimal weight coefficient was screened by AHP-entropy method mixed with weighting method.Combined with L_(9)(3^(4))orthogonal experiment,the best extraction process was obtained.At the same time,thin-layer chromatographic identification was used to identify Ficus simplicissima Lour.and Smilax glabra Roxb.in the medicinal liquid.[Results]The best extraction process:add 1:12 water to the prescription decoction pieces,extract under reflux for 2 times,1.5 h per time,and combine the filtrate to 250 mL.Thin layer chromatography analysis showed that the spots of Ficus simplicissima Lour.and Smilax glabra Roxb.in the medicinal solution were the same as those of reference substances at the corresponding positions,and the negative control had no interference.[Conclusions]The experimental method is reasonable and feasible,and the process is reliable,which can provide experimental reference for the subsequent application of in-hospital preparations and research and development of Qingdu Jianpi Mixture.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Fund for Basic Research of Guizhou Province([2020]1Y010)National Nature Sciences Foundation of China(11901260,12071096,12501342)Specialized Fund for the Doctoral Development of Kaili University(BS202502028)。
文摘The upper bound on the model error will be decreased when the mean square error and the maximum distance deviation are sufficiently small in the uniform designs for mixture experiments and the design is more robust for the model.However,the analytical expressions of MSED and MD are currently only available in the hypercube,but both types of deviations in other studies are just approximations.Although it can obtain good approximations in the low-dimensional case,the calculation will be more complicated for an experiment with more variables.Therefore,in this paper,an algorithm based on lattice point partitioning design is proposed to obtain the analytical expression of the MSED and MD in the region covered by the lattice points.Furthermore,the design’s optimality is considered and illustrated by examples under the same uniformity.
基金This study conducted by Moscow Power Engineering Institute was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation(project No.FSWF-2023-0014,contract No.075-03-2023-383,2023/18/01).
文摘The Russian energy sector remains heavily reliant on thermal power plants,with gas generation accounting for approximately 66%of the installed capacity.However,the industry faces challenges such as depletion of reserves,rising prices for hydrocarbons,and increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.This study focuses on developing new scientific and technical solutions to increase the efficiency and environmental safety of combined cycle power units.The research involves structural and parametric optimization of trinary cycle power plants operating on a methane-hydrogen mixture,as well as the development and optimization of turbine and heat exchange equipment for low-temperature power plants.The results show that the transition to trinary CCGT(Combine Cycle Gas Turbine)units with deep utilization and the use of hydrogen fuel can significantly reduce specific CO_(2) emissions and increase energy efficiency up to 0.21%with also increases in capacity of turbine of approximately 17 MW.The aim of this research is to calculate the efficiency,cost effectiveness and environmental-friendly solution for power generation using mixture of hydrogen-methane as fuel in combine cycle power plant that includes ORC.Additionally,the efficiency of the organic Rankine Cycle(ORC)benefits from the increased moisture,with capacity improvements of 1–2 MW observed when the hydrogen proportion rises from 25%to 50%.Moreover,the potential for zero emissions,coupled with significant increases in power output and efficiency,underscores hydrogen’s role as a pivotal component in the future of energy production.
基金the Department of Zoology,Visva-Bharati for providing infrastructural supportSreejata Kamila is grateful to the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research(CSIR),India for Senior Research Fellowship(CSIR File No.09/202(0102)/2019-EMR-I)+2 种基金Koushik Kumar Dey acknowledges the Department of Biotechnology,New Delhi for research fellowship(No.BT/PR28560/AAQ/3/919/2018)Shehnaz Islam is thankful to Maulana Azad National Fellowship(UGC ref ID-201920–345938)India for her financial support.
文摘Arsenic(As)and chromium(Cr)are two harmful toxicants as well as carcinogens which can coexist in polluted surface water and groundwater.This coexistence leads to mixture effects in animals including fish.Both of these heavy metals are reported to manifest reactive oxygen species(ROS)mediated toxicity.Though individual neurotoxic effects have been reported,their mixture effects,its mechanism and cellular responses against oxidative stress and DNA damages remain unknown.The present study evaluated the individual and mixture effects of As and Cr at their environmentally relevant concentrations in zebrafish(Danio rerio)brain after 15,30 and 60 days of exposure.Nrf2,a transcription factor is involved in the expressional regulation of enzymes needed to maintain cellular redox homeostasis.This study reported the expressional pattern of Nrf2 and its associated xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme Nqo1 and other markers of oxidative stress such as ROS generation,reduced glutathione level,lipid peroxidation and catalase activity.Increased malondialdehyde(MDA)content,glutathione level,and catalase activity indicated oxidative stress in exposed groups.In addition,this study revealed expressional alterations of neurotoxicity marker(ache),DNA repair(ogg1,apex1,creb1,polb,mlh1,msh2 and msh6)and tumor suppressor(p53,brca2)genes.Results of ROS generation,MDA level,histopathological analysis,gene expression and immunofluorescence study confirmed that As and Cr did not show antagonistic effects in combination rather indicated additive effects which was dose-dependent but not always linear.
基金Financial support from the US National Science Foundation(CBET-2101129)is acknowledged.
文摘Direct recycling methods offer a non-destructive way to regenerate degraded cathode material.The materials to be recycled in the industry typically constitute a mixture of various cathode materials extracted from a wide variety of retired lithium-ion batteries.Bridging the gap,a direct recycling method using a low-temperature sintering process is reported.The degraded cathode mixture of LMO(LiMn_(2)O_(4))and NMC(LiNiCoMnO_(2))extracted from retired LIBs was successfully regenerated by the proposed method with a low sintering temperature of 300℃ for 4 h.Advanced characterization tools were utilized to validate the full recovery of the crystal structure in the degraded cathode mixture.After regeneration,LMO/NMC cathode mixture shows an initial capacity of 144.0mAh g^(-1) and a capacity retention of 95.1%at 0.5 C for 250 cycles.The regenerated cathode mixture also shows a capacity of 83 mAh g-1 at 2 C,which is slightly higher compared to the pristine material.As a result of the direct recycling process,the electrochemical performance of degraded cathode mixture is recovered to the same level as the pristine material.Life-cycle assessment results emphasized a 90.4%reduction in energy consumption and a 51%reduction in PM2.5 emissions for lithium-ion battery packs using a direct recycled cathode mixture compared to the pristine material.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)for the Excellent Young Scientists Fund(overseas)and NSFC Grant(No.32401546)the Scientific Research Startup Fund Project of Zhejiang A&F University(Grant No.2024LFR019)the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(RGPIN-2014-04181,STPGP428641,RTI-2017-00358,and STPGP506284).
文摘It is well established that species mixtures could enhance ecosystem functioning in diverse ecosystem types,with these benefits increasing over time.However,the impact of tree mixtures on Collembola communities following stand development in natural forests remains unclear,despite the critical roles Collembola plays in litter decomposition and nutrient cycling.We investigated the effects of tree species mixtures on Collembola abundance,diversity,and community structure by sampling pure and mixed jack pine(Pinus banksiana Lamb.)and trembling aspen(Populus tremuloides Michx.)of 15-year-old and 41-year-old stands in natural boreal forest.In total,6,620 individuals of Collembola were identified as belonging to 39 species/morphospecies.Our results showed significant effects of stand types on Collembola with higher abundance and richness in conifer and mixed stands than in broadleaf stands.Additionally,with stand development,we observed increased Collembola abundance and richness.In 15-year-old stands,Collembola abundance,richness,and evenness in mixed-species stands were comparable to those in single-species stands.However,as stands developed,tree mixture effects became more pronounced,resulting in higher Collembola abundance and richness in mixed-species stands compared to the average of single-species stands in 41-year-old stands.Further,we observed positive associations between the mixture effects on Collembola abundance and richness with soil nutrient contents.We conclude that tree species mixtures can significantly enhance Collembola abundance and diversity,particularly in older stands and those with elevated soil nutrient levels.
基金Bu-Ali Sina University for providing financial support for conducting this study。
文摘Density(p),speed of sound(u),viscosity(η),and refractive index(n_(D))were measured for pure acetonitrile,trichloroethene,and tetrachloroethene,as well as their binary mixtures at temperatures T=(293.15,298.15,303.15)K and at ambient pressure(81.5 kPa).From the experimental data,excess molar volume(V_(m)~E),thermal expansion coefficients(α),deviations in isentropic compressibility(Δκ_(S)),viscosity(Δ_η),and refractive index(Δn_(D))were calculated.These values were then correlated using the Redlich-Kister polynomial equation,with fitting coefficients and standard deviations determined.Additionally,the Prigogine-Flory-Patterson(PFP)theory and the Extended Real Associated Solution(ERAS)model were employed to correlate the excess molar volume,while the Perturbed Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory(PC-SAFT)was used to predict the density of mixtures.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42372333 and 42072318)the China Scholarship Council(CSC)(Grant No.202306370029)。
文摘Compacted clays are widely used as barriers in municipal solid waste(MSW)landfills due to their low permeability,and the hydro-mechanical behaviour of such materials can be greatly affected by environmental conditions.In this study,a series of wetting-drying(W-D)cycle tests and hydraulic conductivity tests were conducted on compacted red clay-bentonite mixtures.Various concentrations of NaCl solution were introduced during wetting to investigate the chemical effects.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP)tests were performed to analyze the evolution of soil microstructure.Results indicate that the compacted mixtures undergo cumulative shrinkage during W-D cycles,reaching an elastic state after three cycles.The hydraulic conductivity decreases as the bentonite content increases,becoming lower than 1×10^(-9)m/s when the bentonite content exceeds 10%,which satisfies the requirement for waste barriers.For a given bentonite content,the relationship between the logarithm of hydraulic conductivity and the void ratio can be well described by a linear regression equation.Additionally,the hydraulic conductivity initially increases and then decreases during the W-D cycles,peaking during the second wetting process.The presence of NaCl solution accelerates microstructural evolution and cumulative shrinkage,particularly in pure red clay.Therefore,adding an appropriate amount of bentonite mitigates the effect of NaCl solution on the volume change.Furthermore,the addition of bentonite exhibits a dual effect:the lubrication effect dominates in the mixtures with low bentonite content,while the filling effect prevails as volume change decreases due to the restriction of aggregates rearrangement when the bentonite content is high enough to fill the macropores.
文摘Compacted sand-bentonite mixtures are used as waste containment barriers(e.g.landfill liners and bentonite buffers for nuclear waste)to restrict contaminant transport.The potential for enhanced chemical containment of compacted sand-bentonite mixtures due to semipermeable membrane behavior has also been demonstrated.However,the extent to which membrane behavior persists in the presence of highly concentrated chemical solutions,which have been shown to degrade membrane behavior in bentonite-based barriers,remains largely unknown.Moreover,the limiting(threshold)salt concentrations at which membrane behavior of compacted sand-bentonite mixtures is effectively destroyed have not been evaluated.Accordingly,this study quantified the limiting membrane behavior of two duplicated specimens of compacted sand-bentonite mixture comprising 15%sodium bentonite(by dry mass)by determining the limiting salt concentrations at which measurable membrane behavior was eliminated.The specimens were exposed to increasingly higher source concentrations,Cot,of boundary monovalent salt solutions(KCl and NaCl)until measured values of the membrane efficiency coefficient,ω,were effectively zero.Overall,ωdecreased from an average of 0.032 to zero as Cot increased from 160 mmol/L KCl to 3.27 mol/L NaCl,resulting in limiting threshold salt concentrations for the two tests between 1.63 mol/L and 3.27 mol/L NaCl,which are significantly higher than those at which measurable membrane behavior has previously been demonstrated.
基金Supported by Self-funded Research Project of Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(GXZYA20220142)Key R&D Project of Guangxi Science and Technology Department(Guike AB21196057).
文摘[Objectives] To optimize the extraction process of Damp-clearing Mixture and establish the quality control indicators. [Methods] The extraction process of Coicis Semen Damp-clearing Mixture was optimized by L 9(3 4) orthogonal design with the content of total flavonoids and the dry yield rate as the evaluation indicators, and the amount of water, extraction time and extraction times as the factors, to determine the formation process of Coicis Semen Damp-clearing Mixture. In addition, the quality of the mixture was studied by thin layer chromatography (TLC). [Results] The optimal extraction process of Coicis Semen Damp-clearing Mixture was as follows: decocting twice, one hour each time, adding 8 times of water in the first time and 6 times of water in the second time, standing the extract in a cool place, adding 0.1% steviosin to facilitate the formation of the mixture;Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma and Dendrophenol in the mixture were well separated by TLC with good reproducibility and specificity. [Conclusions] The preparation process and quality control indicators determined by the experiment are reasonable and feasible. It can provide a reference for the pilot production and quality standards of Coicis Semen Damp-clearing Mixture.
基金supported in part by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82304253)(and 82273709)the Foundation for Young Talents in Higher Education of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2022KQNCX021)the PhD Starting Project of Guangdong Medical University(Grant No.GDMUB2022054).
文摘Objective Humans are exposed to complex mixtures of environmental chemicals and other factors that can affect their health.Analysis of these mixture exposures presents several key challenges for environmental epidemiology and risk assessment,including high dimensionality,correlated exposure,and subtle individual effects.Methods We proposed a novel statistical approach,the generalized functional linear model(GFLM),to analyze the health effects of exposure mixtures.GFLM treats the effect of mixture exposures as a smooth function by reordering exposures based on specific mechanisms and capturing internal correlations to provide a meaningful estimation and interpretation.The robustness and efficiency was evaluated under various scenarios through extensive simulation studies.Results We applied the GFLM to two datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES).In the first application,we examined the effects of 37 nutrients on BMI(2011–2016 cycles).The GFLM identified a significant mixture effect,with fiber and fat emerging as the nutrients with the greatest negative and positive effects on BMI,respectively.For the second application,we investigated the association between four pre-and perfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)and gout risk(2007–2018 cycles).Unlike traditional methods,the GFLM indicated no significant association,demonstrating its robustness to multicollinearity.Conclusion GFLM framework is a powerful tool for mixture exposure analysis,offering improved handling of correlated exposures and interpretable results.It demonstrates robust performance across various scenarios and real-world applications,advancing our understanding of complex environmental exposures and their health impacts on environmental epidemiology and toxicology.
