Postharvest rot of blueberry fruits caused by Botrytis cinerea led to huge economic losses in storage and transportation.In this study,Metschnikowia pulcherrima T-2 was isolated from the surface of blueberry fruits an...Postharvest rot of blueberry fruits caused by Botrytis cinerea led to huge economic losses in storage and transportation.In this study,Metschnikowia pulcherrima T-2 was isolated from the surface of blueberry fruits and significantly reduced postharvest rot of blueberry fruits.The weight loss rate of T-2 soaked blueberry fruits was decreased;the contents of total soluble solids,titratable acidity and vitamin C of T-2 treated blueberry fruits were increased at a humidity of 85% and 25℃.T-2 also enhanced the control of gray mold in blueberry fruits,but could not directly inhibit the growth of B.cinerea in vitro.The volatile organic compounds(VOCs)produced by T-2 could inhibit the growth of B.cinerea,and significantly reduced the postharvest rot of blueberry fruits.According to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis and antibacterial analysis,the benzyl alcohol,phenylethyl alcohol,benzaldehyde,2-ethyl-1-hexanol,acetic acid,octanoic acid,3-hydroxy-2-butanone,2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine and isoamyl acetate were selected.The influence of the above 9 volatiles on B.cinerea growth was assessed by treating B.cinerea in vitro with various concentrations of volatile.The lowest effective amounts of 9 volatiles were established to reduce the postharvest rot of blueberry fruits.These results shed light on the roles of T-2 VOCs in the control of postharvest blueberry fruits to B.cinerea,and provided a new method of postharvest storage.展开更多
The prevalence of high blood pressure is on the rise among younger individuals,and recent findings have linked exercise to changes in the diversity and configuration of gut microbiota.However,specific modifications to...The prevalence of high blood pressure is on the rise among younger individuals,and recent findings have linked exercise to changes in the diversity and configuration of gut microbiota.However,specific modifications to one's diet,such as incorporating blueberries while engaging in physical activity,can also influence this association.To explore the effects of exercise and blueberry consumption on gut bacteria,we conducted an 8-week study involving healthy and hypertensive college students.Our microbiome analysis revealed slight shifts in gut bacteria composition in response to increased physical activity,with significant changes in the diversity of the g_[Eubacterium]_eligens_group observed in hypertensive college students who regularly consumed blueberries.Although exercise and blueberry supplementation had a negligible impact on the gut microbiota diversity of healthy college students,it significantly boosted the production of butyric acid bacteria in hypertensive young adults.These results suggest that the changes in gut bacteria variety and abundance brought about by blueberries may be tied to alterations in the body composition of patients with hypertension.This study aims to reveal the impact of blueberry on the hypertensive students from a unique perspective,suggesting the impact of taking blueberry while taking exercises.展开更多
Blueberry anthocyanins(VA)and blackberry anthocyanins(RA)showed benefits on metabolic syndrome(MS)induced by high-fat diet(HFD)in mice.In this study,we investigated whether the therapeutic effects of VA and RA were ac...Blueberry anthocyanins(VA)and blackberry anthocyanins(RA)showed benefits on metabolic syndrome(MS)induced by high-fat diet(HFD)in mice.In this study,we investigated whether the therapeutic effects of VA and RA were achieved by the gut microbiota regulation and whether these effects could be replicated through fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)using the HFD caused MS model in pseudo-germ-free mice.The results demonstrated that the beneficial effects of VA and RA on MS,including reducing body weight gain and fat accumulation,improving glucose and lipid metabolism,and mitigating intestinal barrier damage,were attributed to the gut microbiota and could be replicated by FMT.16S r RNA sequencing analysis suggested that FMT from donor mice supplemented with VA and RA could regulate the gut microbiota composition.Particularly,FMT from RA supplemented mice displayed the potential to restore the diversity of gut microbiota and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes.Meanwhile,FMT from VA supplemented mice appeared to exert its effects by selectively influencing specific gut microbiota,such as the genus Akkermansia.Furthermore,our analysis identified 10 common differential amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)among groups compared to HFD-HFD group.Notably,ASV_36450 was negatively associated with metabolic parameters,suggesting that Lactobacillus might be the potential bacteria in regulating MS.Overall,our study demonstrated that FMT from VA and RA supplemented mice could ameliorate MS induced by HFD in mice through regulating specific gut microbiota.展开更多
In this study,polysaccharides were extracted from blueberry fruit(BFP)and isolated to 3 components(BFP-1,BFP-2 and BFP-3).The molecular weight,monosaccharide composition,characteristic groups,microscopic morphology,an...In this study,polysaccharides were extracted from blueberry fruit(BFP)and isolated to 3 components(BFP-1,BFP-2 and BFP-3).The molecular weight,monosaccharide composition,characteristic groups,microscopic morphology,and triple helical conformation of the polysaccharides were characterized using high performance permeation chromatography,high performance liquid chromatography,gas chromatographymass spectrometry,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,scanning electron microscope and Congo red staining.Moreover,the hypolipidemic and immunological activities of the polysaccharides were also assessed.Results showed that the molecular weights of polysaccharides BFP-1,BFP-2,and BFP-3 were 5.547×10^(4),5.671×10^(4),and 3.951×10^(4)Da,respectively,the main monosaccharides were glucose(Glc),galactose(Gal)and arabinose(Ara),but BFP-3 was mainly composed of galacturonic acid(Gal A),Glc,Gal,and Ara.The backbone of BFP-1 was→4)-Glcp-(1→,which branches to Ara and xylose(Xyl)residues,while the backbone of BFP-2 was→5)-Araf-(1→,which branches to Xyl,Glc,rhamnose(Rha)and Gal residues,in particularly,BFP-3 has a more complex branching with a→3,6)-Galp-(1→)backbone,the side chain is dominated by Araf-(1→).Blueberry polysaccharides are pyran-type polysaccharides withα-glycosidic bonds,and BFP-1 has a typical triple-helical structure.The activity assay revealed that the binding of BFP-3 to sodium glycylcholate hydrate and sodium taurocholate was 79.95%and 78.50%,respectively,indicating that it had better hypolipidemic activity than the others.Immunoactivity assay showed that BFP promoted NO secretion through activating the NF-κB signalling pathway in RAW264.7 cells,which played a role in enhancing the immune function of the organism.These findings may provide a reference for the development and application of blueberry polysaccharides in functional food and medicine.展开更多
Through literature analysis and case study, the introduction history, variety selection (high bush, half high bush, low bush) and regional cultivation techniques of blueberry in China were summarized, and the practica...Through literature analysis and case study, the introduction history, variety selection (high bush, half high bush, low bush) and regional cultivation techniques of blueberry in China were summarized, and the practical effects of precision cultivation (water and fertilizer integration, wild planting) and under-forest economic model (forest-blueberry-fungus system, ecological tourism) were evaluated. It provided a technical reference for expanding the planting scale of blueberry and improving the fruit quality.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to realize the rapid and nondestructive identification of blueberry producing areas and protect benefits of high-quality blueberry brands.[Methods]Five types of blueberries from di...[Objectives]This study was conducted to realize the rapid and nondestructive identification of blueberry producing areas and protect benefits of high-quality blueberry brands.[Methods]Five types of blueberries from different regions were selected as experimental subjects,and spectral analysis techniques were combined with deep learning.Firstly,standard normal variable transform(SNV)and convolutional smoothing(SG)were used to deal with scattering noise and other issues in original spectral data.Secondly,due to a large amount of redundant information and high correlation between adjacent wavelengths in the collected spectra,continuous projection algorithm(SPA)and partial least squares regression(PLS)were combined for screening of features with RMSE as the indicator,and 40 feature variables were obtained.Finally,a convolutional network model CNN-SE integrating a Squeeze and Excitation(SE)attention mechanism module was constructed and compared with convolutional neural network(CNN),support vector machine(SVM),and BP neural network.[Results]The CNN-SE model had the best effect,with the accuracy and precision of the test set reaching 95%and 94.56%,respectively,and the recall and F 1 score reaching 93.94%and 94.24%,respectively.[Conclusions]The CNN-SE convolution network model can realize rapid,nondestructive and high-throughout identification of blueberry producing areas.展开更多
Blueberries have recently gained popularity as a"superfruit"among consumers worldwide.The rise of healthy eating concepts has led to widespread recognition of the nutritional content and antioxidant properti...Blueberries have recently gained popularity as a"superfruit"among consumers worldwide.The rise of healthy eating concepts has led to widespread recognition of the nutritional content and antioxidant properties of blueberries,boosting the blueberry industry s rapid growth.Blueberry production and processing are currently major elements of the agricultural economy in many nations and regions,including the United States,Canada,and Europe.The blueberry business has developed a reasonably mature industrial chain that includes planting,harvesting,processing,sales,and other components.The blueberry industry in China started relatively late.However,with the growth of market demand and consumer attention to healthy food,the blueberry planting area has been expanding every year.Several provinces and cities in China are actively promoting the construction of blueberry planting bases and gradually expanding from planting to deep processing fields,forming diversified products,including fresh fruits,dried fruits,jams,and blueberry drinks.With advancements in technology and innovation in management models,the efficiency and market competitiveness of blueberry cultivation are progressively improving.The blueberry industry has broad prospects.On the one hand,the ongoing enhancement of consumer health needs is expected to elevate the market demand for blueberries as high-value functional foods;alternatively,the advancement of planting technology and cold chain logistics may further optimize the yield and quality of the blueberry industry.The production of deep-processed blueberry goods will become a significant highlight of industrial development,enhancing the market value.This study aimed to investigate the various categories of blueberries,the blueberry industry s current state of development,and the challenges it encounters.In summary,the blueberry sector possesses significant future potential,but it also faces problems,including planting practices,market competitiveness,and brand development.The blueberry industry can expand and industrialize due to creative developments.展开更多
The blueberry industry in Peru has experienced explosive growth over the past decade.According to statistics from the U.S.Department of Agriculture’s Foreign Agricultural Service(USDA FAS)and the Peru National Agrari...The blueberry industry in Peru has experienced explosive growth over the past decade.According to statistics from the U.S.Department of Agriculture’s Foreign Agricultural Service(USDA FAS)and the Peru National Agrarian Health Ser vice(SENASA),the registered planting area of Peruvian blueberries in 2012 was approximately 80 hectares.By the 2016-2017 season,the planting area had expanded to 1,932 hectares.In the 2024-2025 season,it further increased to approximately 20,490 hectares.展开更多
Edible plant derived exosome-like nanoparticles(ELNs)have been shown to have multiple nutraceutical functions.However,the diversity of plant materials makes the plant derived ELN study challenging.More efforts are sti...Edible plant derived exosome-like nanoparticles(ELNs)have been shown to have multiple nutraceutical functions.However,the diversity of plant materials makes the plant derived ELN study challenging.More efforts are still needed to explore the feasible isolation methods of edible plant derived ELNs and the possible roles of food-derived ELNs in improving human health.In this study,a size exclusion chromatography based method was compared with the traditional ultracentrifugation method to isolate blueberry derived ELNs(B-ELNs),and the miRNA profile of B-ELNs was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing.A total of 36 miRNAs were found to be enriched in B-ELNs compared with berry tissue,and their potential cross-kingdom human gene targets were further predicted.Results showed that size exclusion chromatography was effective for B-ELN isolation.The most abundant miRNAs in B-ELNs mainly belonged to the miR166 family and miR396 family.Target gene prediction indicated that B-ELNs could potentially regulate pathways related to the human digestive system,immune system and infectious diseases.展开更多
Background:Diabetes retinopathy(DR)is a complication of diabetes that affects patients’vision.Previous studies have found blueberry anthocyanins extract(BAE)can inhibit the progression of DR,but its mechanism is not ...Background:Diabetes retinopathy(DR)is a complication of diabetes that affects patients’vision.Previous studies have found blueberry anthocyanins extract(BAE)can inhibit the progression of DR,but its mechanism is not completely clear.Methods:To study the role of BAE in diabetes retinopathy,we treated human retinal endothelial cells(HRCECs)with 30 mM high glucose to simulate the microenvironment of diabetes retinopathy and used BAE to intervene the in vitro high glucose-induced retinopathy model.HRCEC cell viability and apoptosis rates were examined by Cell Counting Kit 8(CCK-8)assay and flow cytometry assay.The binding sites between miR-33 and glucocorticoid-induced transcript 1(GLCCI1)were assessed by luciferase reporter assay.Retinal neovascularization and oxidative stress contribute to diabetic retinopathy.The tubule formation assay was applied to detect the retinal neovascularization.The oxidative stress in the HRCECs was manifested by the reactive oxygen species(ROS)level,the malondialdehyde(MDA)level,and the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity.Results:Compared with HRCECs cells cultured under normal conditions,high glucose(HG)can induce oxidative stress in HRCRCs,specifically manifested in the increase of ROS and MDA levels,and the decrease of SOD activity.BAE relieved the tubule formation in n the HRCEC.BAE also relieved the ROS and MDA levels and increased the SOD activity.Luciferase reporter assay revealed that GLCCI1 is a target molecule downstream of miR-33.In HRCEC,BAE significantly inhibited the expression of miR-33 induced by HG.miR-33 mimic inhibited the BAE’s effects on oxidative stress and angiogenesis in an in vitro high glucose-induced retinopathy model.Conclusion:BAE alleviated the oxidative stress and microangiogenesis of HRCEC by regulating the miR-33/GLCCI1 axis.展开更多
As the blueberry industry continues to evolve,the effective control of its diseases and pests has become an essential component of local agricultural development.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the pri...As the blueberry industry continues to evolve,the effective control of its diseases and pests has become an essential component of local agricultural development.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the principal types of blueberry diseases and pests in Guizhou Province,along with the corresponding control measures,in order to serve as a valuable reference for blueberry growers.展开更多
Blueberry fruits from 45 commercial cultivars (39 northern highbush and 6 half highbush blueberry) grown in Suwon,Korea were analyzed for fruit size,soluble solids content,titratable acidity,total anthocyanin content,...Blueberry fruits from 45 commercial cultivars (39 northern highbush and 6 half highbush blueberry) grown in Suwon,Korea were analyzed for fruit size,soluble solids content,titratable acidity,total anthocyanin content,total phenolic content,and antioxidant activity.Fruit characteristics varied widely among the 45 blueberry cultivars.Fruit weight ranged from 0.9 to 3.6 g,soluble solids content from 8.3 to 14.3 °Brix,and titratable acidity from 0.8% to 3.6%.Antioxidant activity ranged from 0.7 to 2.1 mg of quercetin equivalents per gram of fresh berries in different blueberry cultivars.Among the 45 blueberry cultivars,high amounts of anthocyanins and polyphenols,and high antioxidant activity were observed in 'Elliott','Rubel','Rancocas',and 'Friendship'.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to research the adaptability of 8 blueberry species in Tianjin. [Method] With 8 blueberry species as materials, blueberry was explored in terms of plant characters, the type of fruit-bearing br...[Objective] The aim was to research the adaptability of 8 blueberry species in Tianjin. [Method] With 8 blueberry species as materials, blueberry was explored in terms of plant characters, the type of fruit-bearing branch, phenological phase, fruit economic characters, and yielding capacity. [Result] Al blueberry species were suitable to be grown in Tianjin with improved soils, showing blueberry growth characters, without any virus or diseases. General y speaking, species B, C, D, E, F and G can be grown in soils exposed to the air as fresh food; species A and H are suitable to be cultivation; species C tastes sour, which can be planted for further production. [Conclusion] The research provides references for blueberry introduction, selection, and cultivation in the region with similar ecological characters.展开更多
The results of grafting improvement and cultivation trials in the Yangtze River Delta of China showed that the rootstock cultivar had a great influence on plant growth and development, fruit yield and quality of ＂Spa...The results of grafting improvement and cultivation trials in the Yangtze River Delta of China showed that the rootstock cultivar had a great influence on plant growth and development, fruit yield and quality of ＂Spartan＂ blueberry. Among the seven rootstock-scion combinations, the northern highbush blueberry （Vaccinium corymbosum） cultivar ＂Croaton＇-＇Spartan＇ combination showed well-healed graft unions, large branch amount, early fruit bearing, high yield, excellent fruit quality and almost no tillers. As a kind of rootstock, ＂Croaton＇ was better than non-grafted ＇Spartan＇ and the two rabbiteye blueberry cultivars ＇Premier＇ and ＇Gardenblue＇. The grafting pattern showed no significant stimulating effect on the plant growth and development, fruit yield and quality of ＇Spartan＇ blueberry in this area, but the overall performance of greenwood cleft grafting was better than that of inlaid bud grafting. Suitable rootstock cultivar and grafting pattern significantly improve plant arowth and development, fruit vield and aualitv of ＇Spartan＇ blueberry.展开更多
As the most common and serious disease of blueberry,blueberry canker has caused huge economic losses to the blueberry planting industry.This paper summarized the pathogenic bacteria,symptoms,regularities and preventio...As the most common and serious disease of blueberry,blueberry canker has caused huge economic losses to the blueberry planting industry.This paper summarized the pathogenic bacteria,symptoms,regularities and prevention methods of blueberry canker.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effects of blueberry on hepatic fibrosis and NF-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) transcription factor in rats.METHODS:Forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group(A);CCl...AIM:To investigate the effects of blueberry on hepatic fibrosis and NF-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) transcription factor in rats.METHODS:Forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group(A);CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis group(B);blueberry prevention group(C);Dan-shao-hua-xian capsule(DSHX) prevention group(D);and blueberry + DSHX prevention group(E).Liver fibrosis was induced in rats by subcutaneous injection of CCl4 and a high-lipid/low-protein diet for 8 wk(except the control group).The level of hyaluronic acid(HA) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) in serum was examined.The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione-S-transferase(GST) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in liver homogenates was determined.The degree of hepatic fibrosis was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining.Expression of Nrf2 and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1(Nqo1) was detected by real-time reversed transcribed-polymerase chain reaction,immunohistochemical techniques,and western blotting.RESULTS:Compared with group B,liver indices,levels of serum HA and ALT of groups C,D and E were reduced(liver indices:0.038 ± 0.008,0.036 ± 0.007,0.036 ± 0.005 vs 0.054 ± 0.009,P<0.05;HA:502.33 ± 110.57 ng/mL,524.25 ± 255.42 ng/mL,499.25 ± 198.10 ng/mL vs 828.50 ± 237.83 ng/mL,P<0.05;ALT:149.44 ± 16.51 U/L,136.88 ± 10.07 U/L,127.38 ± 11.03 U/L vs 203.25 ± 31.62 U/L,P<0.05),and SOD level was significantly higher,but MDA level was lower,in liver homogenates(SOD:1.36 ± 0.09 U/mg,1.42 ± 0.13 U/mg,1.50 ± 0.15 U/mg vs 1.08 ± 0.19 U/mg,P<0.05;MDA:0.294 ± 0.026 nmol/mg,0.285 ± 0.025 nmol/mg,0.284 ± 0.028 nmol/mg vs 0.335 ± 0.056 nmol/mg,P<0.05).Meanwhile,the stage of hepatic fibrosis was significantly weakened(P<0.05).Compared with group A,the activity of GST liver homogenates and expression levels of Nrf2 and Nqo1 in group B were elevated(P<0.05).The expression level of Nrf2 and Nqo1 in groups C,D,and E were increased as compared with group B,but the difference was not significant.CONCLUSION:Blueberry has preventive and protective effects on CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis by reducing hepatocyte injury and lipid peroxidation.However,these effects may not be related to the activation of Nrf2 during long-term of CCl4.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Conventional drugs used in the treatment and prevention of liver diseases often have side effects, therefore research into natural substances are of significance. This study examined the effects of blueber...BACKGROUND: Conventional drugs used in the treatment and prevention of liver diseases often have side effects, therefore research into natural substances are of significance. This study examined the effects of blueberry on liver protection and cellular immune functions. METHODS: To determine the effects of blueberry on liver protective function, male mice were orally administered blueberry (0.6 g/10 g) or normal saline for 21 days. Hepatic RNA was extracted by Trizol reagent, and the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and Nqol was determined by real-time RTPCR. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver homogenate were determined, and liver index was measured. To assess the effects of blueberry on cellular immune function, male mice received blueberry (0.4, 0.6, or 0.8 g/10 g) for 35 days, and the percentages of CD3(+), CD41(+), and CDS(+) T lymphocyte subgroups in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry, the index of the thymus and spleen was measured, and lymphocyte proliferation in the spleen was determined by MTT assay. RESULTS: Blueberry treatment significantly increased the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and Nqol, the important antioxidant components in the liver. Hepatic SOD in the blueberry group was higher and MDA was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Blueberry also increased the index of the spleen and enhanced the proliferation of lymphocytes of the spleen (P<0.05). The percentages of the CD3(+) and CDA(+) T lymphocyte subsets and the CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio were also increased by blueberry (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Blueberry induces expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and Nqol, which can protect hepatocytes from oxidative stress. In addition, blueberry can modulate T-cell function in mice. (Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2010; 9: 164-168)展开更多
The highbush blueberry（Vaccinium corymbosum）,Duke,was used to construct a de novo transcriptome sequence library and to perform data statistical analysis.Mega 4,CLC Sequence Viewer 6 software,and quantitative PCR we...The highbush blueberry（Vaccinium corymbosum）,Duke,was used to construct a de novo transcriptome sequence library and to perform data statistical analysis.Mega 4,CLC Sequence Viewer 6 software,and quantitative PCR were employed for bioinformatics and expression analyses of the basic helix-loop-helix（BHLH）transcription factors of the sequencing library.The results showed that 28.38 gigabytes of valid data were obtained from transcriptome sequencing and were assembled into 108 033 unigenes.Functional annotation showed that 32 244 unigenes were annotated into Clusters of Orthologous Groups（COG）and Gene Ontology（GO）databases,whereas the rest of the 75 789 unigenes had no matching information.By using COG and GO classification tools,sequences with annotation information were divided into 25 and 52 categories,respectively,which involved transport and metabolism,transcriptional regulation,and signal transduction.Analysis of the transcriptome library identified a total of 59 BHLH genes.Sequence analysis revealed that 55 genes of that contained a complete BHLH domain.Furthermore,phylogenetic analysis showed that BHLH genes of blueberry（Duke）could be divided into 13 sub-groups.PCR results showed that 45 genes were expressed at various developmental stages of buds,stems,leaves,flowers,and fruits,suggesting that the function of BHLH was associated with the development of different tissues and organs of blueberry,Duke.The present study would provided a foundation for further investigations on the classification and functions of the blueberry BHLH family.展开更多
Blueberries are a rich source of anthocyanins, which are associated with health benefits contributing to a reduced risk for many diseases. The present study identified the functional Gardenblue blueberry （Vaccinium a...Blueberries are a rich source of anthocyanins, which are associated with health benefits contributing to a reduced risk for many diseases. The present study identified the functional Gardenblue blueberry （Vaccinium ashei Reade） anthocyanin extracts （GBBAEs） and evaluated their capacity and underlying mechanisms in protecting murine RAW 264.7 cells from lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-stimulated inflammation in vitro. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） kit results showed that GBBAEs significantly inhibited the production of nitric oxide （NO）, prostaglandin E2 （PGE2）, interleukin-6 （IL-6）, IL-113, and interferon-y （INF-y）. Real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR） analysis in- dicated that the mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-113, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1）, and cyclooxygenase 2 （COX-2） were suppressed in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the relative protein expression levels of COX-2 and nuclear factor-κB p65 （NF-κBp65）. All these results suggested the potential use of GBBAEs as a functional food for the treatment of in- flammatory diseases.展开更多
Objective To investigate whether the antioxidation and the regulation on the Extracellular Regulated Protein Kinases （ERK） signaling pathway are involved in the protective effects of blueberry on central nervous sys...Objective To investigate whether the antioxidation and the regulation on the Extracellular Regulated Protein Kinases （ERK） signaling pathway are involved in the protective effects of blueberry on central nervous system. Methods 30 Senescence-accelerated mice prone 8 （SAMP8） mice were divided into three groups and treated with normal diet, blueberry extracts （200 mg/kg.bw/day） and cyaniding-3-O-galactoside （Cy-3-GAL） （50 mg/kg.bw/day） from blueberry for 8 weeks. 10 SAMR1 mice were set as control group. The capacity of spatial memory was assessed by Passive avoidance task and Morris water maze. Histological analyses on hippocampus were completed. Malondialdehyde （MDA） levels, Superoxide Dismutase （SOD） activity and the expression of ERK were detected. Results Both Cy-3-GAL and blueberry extracts were shown effective functions to relieve cellular injury, improve hippocampal neurons survival and inhibit the pyramidal cell layer damage. Cy-3-GAL and blueberry extracts also increased SOD activity and reduced MDA content in brain tissues and plasma, and increased hippocampal phosphorylated ERK （p-ERK） expression in SAMP8 mice. Further more, the passive avoidance task test showed that both the latency time and the number of errors were improved by Cy-3-GAL treatment, and the Morris Water Maze test showed significant decreases of latency were detected by Cy-3-GAL and blueberry extracts treatment on day 4. Conclusion Blueberry extracts may reverse the declines of cognitive and behavioral function in the ageing process through several pathways, including enhancing the capacity of antioxidation, altering stress signaling. Cy-3-GAL may be an important active ingredient for these biological effects.展开更多
基金supported by the Scientific Project of Tianjin Municipal Education Commission(Grant No.2021KJ105)。
文摘Postharvest rot of blueberry fruits caused by Botrytis cinerea led to huge economic losses in storage and transportation.In this study,Metschnikowia pulcherrima T-2 was isolated from the surface of blueberry fruits and significantly reduced postharvest rot of blueberry fruits.The weight loss rate of T-2 soaked blueberry fruits was decreased;the contents of total soluble solids,titratable acidity and vitamin C of T-2 treated blueberry fruits were increased at a humidity of 85% and 25℃.T-2 also enhanced the control of gray mold in blueberry fruits,but could not directly inhibit the growth of B.cinerea in vitro.The volatile organic compounds(VOCs)produced by T-2 could inhibit the growth of B.cinerea,and significantly reduced the postharvest rot of blueberry fruits.According to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis and antibacterial analysis,the benzyl alcohol,phenylethyl alcohol,benzaldehyde,2-ethyl-1-hexanol,acetic acid,octanoic acid,3-hydroxy-2-butanone,2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine and isoamyl acetate were selected.The influence of the above 9 volatiles on B.cinerea growth was assessed by treating B.cinerea in vitro with various concentrations of volatile.The lowest effective amounts of 9 volatiles were established to reduce the postharvest rot of blueberry fruits.These results shed light on the roles of T-2 VOCs in the control of postharvest blueberry fruits to B.cinerea,and provided a new method of postharvest storage.
基金funded by the Liaoning province Department of Education fund(LJKZ0651)the scientific research fund project of Liaoning provincial department of education(LJKZ0430)the Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Liaoning Province(2023JH6/100500010)。
文摘The prevalence of high blood pressure is on the rise among younger individuals,and recent findings have linked exercise to changes in the diversity and configuration of gut microbiota.However,specific modifications to one's diet,such as incorporating blueberries while engaging in physical activity,can also influence this association.To explore the effects of exercise and blueberry consumption on gut bacteria,we conducted an 8-week study involving healthy and hypertensive college students.Our microbiome analysis revealed slight shifts in gut bacteria composition in response to increased physical activity,with significant changes in the diversity of the g_[Eubacterium]_eligens_group observed in hypertensive college students who regularly consumed blueberries.Although exercise and blueberry supplementation had a negligible impact on the gut microbiota diversity of healthy college students,it significantly boosted the production of butyric acid bacteria in hypertensive young adults.These results suggest that the changes in gut bacteria variety and abundance brought about by blueberries may be tied to alterations in the body composition of patients with hypertension.This study aims to reveal the impact of blueberry on the hypertensive students from a unique perspective,suggesting the impact of taking blueberry while taking exercises.
基金financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170377,81973463)the Primary Research&Development Plan of Jiangsu Province(BE2020344,BE2022371)。
文摘Blueberry anthocyanins(VA)and blackberry anthocyanins(RA)showed benefits on metabolic syndrome(MS)induced by high-fat diet(HFD)in mice.In this study,we investigated whether the therapeutic effects of VA and RA were achieved by the gut microbiota regulation and whether these effects could be replicated through fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)using the HFD caused MS model in pseudo-germ-free mice.The results demonstrated that the beneficial effects of VA and RA on MS,including reducing body weight gain and fat accumulation,improving glucose and lipid metabolism,and mitigating intestinal barrier damage,were attributed to the gut microbiota and could be replicated by FMT.16S r RNA sequencing analysis suggested that FMT from donor mice supplemented with VA and RA could regulate the gut microbiota composition.Particularly,FMT from RA supplemented mice displayed the potential to restore the diversity of gut microbiota and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes.Meanwhile,FMT from VA supplemented mice appeared to exert its effects by selectively influencing specific gut microbiota,such as the genus Akkermansia.Furthermore,our analysis identified 10 common differential amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)among groups compared to HFD-HFD group.Notably,ASV_36450 was negatively associated with metabolic parameters,suggesting that Lactobacillus might be the potential bacteria in regulating MS.Overall,our study demonstrated that FMT from VA and RA supplemented mice could ameliorate MS induced by HFD in mice through regulating specific gut microbiota.
基金financial support received from the Anhui Provincial Excellent Scientific Research and Innovation Team(2023AH010050)the Key Research and Development Plan of Anhui Province(202204c06020013,202204c06020029)+1 种基金the“Biology and Medicine”key subject of Hefei University(2023xk05)the open research project of Anhui Ecological Fermentation Engineering Research Center for Functional Fruit Beverage(FSKFKT015)。
文摘In this study,polysaccharides were extracted from blueberry fruit(BFP)and isolated to 3 components(BFP-1,BFP-2 and BFP-3).The molecular weight,monosaccharide composition,characteristic groups,microscopic morphology,and triple helical conformation of the polysaccharides were characterized using high performance permeation chromatography,high performance liquid chromatography,gas chromatographymass spectrometry,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,scanning electron microscope and Congo red staining.Moreover,the hypolipidemic and immunological activities of the polysaccharides were also assessed.Results showed that the molecular weights of polysaccharides BFP-1,BFP-2,and BFP-3 were 5.547×10^(4),5.671×10^(4),and 3.951×10^(4)Da,respectively,the main monosaccharides were glucose(Glc),galactose(Gal)and arabinose(Ara),but BFP-3 was mainly composed of galacturonic acid(Gal A),Glc,Gal,and Ara.The backbone of BFP-1 was→4)-Glcp-(1→,which branches to Ara and xylose(Xyl)residues,while the backbone of BFP-2 was→5)-Araf-(1→,which branches to Xyl,Glc,rhamnose(Rha)and Gal residues,in particularly,BFP-3 has a more complex branching with a→3,6)-Galp-(1→)backbone,the side chain is dominated by Araf-(1→).Blueberry polysaccharides are pyran-type polysaccharides withα-glycosidic bonds,and BFP-1 has a typical triple-helical structure.The activity assay revealed that the binding of BFP-3 to sodium glycylcholate hydrate and sodium taurocholate was 79.95%and 78.50%,respectively,indicating that it had better hypolipidemic activity than the others.Immunoactivity assay showed that BFP promoted NO secretion through activating the NF-κB signalling pathway in RAW264.7 cells,which played a role in enhancing the immune function of the organism.These findings may provide a reference for the development and application of blueberry polysaccharides in functional food and medicine.
文摘Through literature analysis and case study, the introduction history, variety selection (high bush, half high bush, low bush) and regional cultivation techniques of blueberry in China were summarized, and the practical effects of precision cultivation (water and fertilizer integration, wild planting) and under-forest economic model (forest-blueberry-fungus system, ecological tourism) were evaluated. It provided a technical reference for expanding the planting scale of blueberry and improving the fruit quality.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(LH2022E099)Daqing Guidance Fund for Science and Technology Planning Project(zd-2023-63)San Heng San Zong Support Program of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University(ZRCPY202216).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to realize the rapid and nondestructive identification of blueberry producing areas and protect benefits of high-quality blueberry brands.[Methods]Five types of blueberries from different regions were selected as experimental subjects,and spectral analysis techniques were combined with deep learning.Firstly,standard normal variable transform(SNV)and convolutional smoothing(SG)were used to deal with scattering noise and other issues in original spectral data.Secondly,due to a large amount of redundant information and high correlation between adjacent wavelengths in the collected spectra,continuous projection algorithm(SPA)and partial least squares regression(PLS)were combined for screening of features with RMSE as the indicator,and 40 feature variables were obtained.Finally,a convolutional network model CNN-SE integrating a Squeeze and Excitation(SE)attention mechanism module was constructed and compared with convolutional neural network(CNN),support vector machine(SVM),and BP neural network.[Results]The CNN-SE model had the best effect,with the accuracy and precision of the test set reaching 95%and 94.56%,respectively,and the recall and F 1 score reaching 93.94%and 94.24%,respectively.[Conclusions]The CNN-SE convolution network model can realize rapid,nondestructive and high-throughout identification of blueberry producing areas.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Start-up Fund for PhD of Zhaoqing University(210046&240013)the Zhaoqing Science and Technology Innovation Guidance Project(2023040308015)+2 种基金the Youth Foundation of Zhaoqing University(QN202439)Guangdong Provincial College Student Innovation Project(S202310580044)the Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates of Zhaoqing University(X202410580116).
文摘Blueberries have recently gained popularity as a"superfruit"among consumers worldwide.The rise of healthy eating concepts has led to widespread recognition of the nutritional content and antioxidant properties of blueberries,boosting the blueberry industry s rapid growth.Blueberry production and processing are currently major elements of the agricultural economy in many nations and regions,including the United States,Canada,and Europe.The blueberry business has developed a reasonably mature industrial chain that includes planting,harvesting,processing,sales,and other components.The blueberry industry in China started relatively late.However,with the growth of market demand and consumer attention to healthy food,the blueberry planting area has been expanding every year.Several provinces and cities in China are actively promoting the construction of blueberry planting bases and gradually expanding from planting to deep processing fields,forming diversified products,including fresh fruits,dried fruits,jams,and blueberry drinks.With advancements in technology and innovation in management models,the efficiency and market competitiveness of blueberry cultivation are progressively improving.The blueberry industry has broad prospects.On the one hand,the ongoing enhancement of consumer health needs is expected to elevate the market demand for blueberries as high-value functional foods;alternatively,the advancement of planting technology and cold chain logistics may further optimize the yield and quality of the blueberry industry.The production of deep-processed blueberry goods will become a significant highlight of industrial development,enhancing the market value.This study aimed to investigate the various categories of blueberries,the blueberry industry s current state of development,and the challenges it encounters.In summary,the blueberry sector possesses significant future potential,but it also faces problems,including planting practices,market competitiveness,and brand development.The blueberry industry can expand and industrialize due to creative developments.
文摘The blueberry industry in Peru has experienced explosive growth over the past decade.According to statistics from the U.S.Department of Agriculture’s Foreign Agricultural Service(USDA FAS)and the Peru National Agrarian Health Ser vice(SENASA),the registered planting area of Peruvian blueberries in 2012 was approximately 80 hectares.By the 2016-2017 season,the planting area had expanded to 1,932 hectares.In the 2024-2025 season,it further increased to approximately 20,490 hectares.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701561)。
文摘Edible plant derived exosome-like nanoparticles(ELNs)have been shown to have multiple nutraceutical functions.However,the diversity of plant materials makes the plant derived ELN study challenging.More efforts are still needed to explore the feasible isolation methods of edible plant derived ELNs and the possible roles of food-derived ELNs in improving human health.In this study,a size exclusion chromatography based method was compared with the traditional ultracentrifugation method to isolate blueberry derived ELNs(B-ELNs),and the miRNA profile of B-ELNs was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing.A total of 36 miRNAs were found to be enriched in B-ELNs compared with berry tissue,and their potential cross-kingdom human gene targets were further predicted.Results showed that size exclusion chromatography was effective for B-ELN isolation.The most abundant miRNAs in B-ELNs mainly belonged to the miR166 family and miR396 family.Target gene prediction indicated that B-ELNs could potentially regulate pathways related to the human digestive system,immune system and infectious diseases.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Grant Number:2022A359).
文摘Background:Diabetes retinopathy(DR)is a complication of diabetes that affects patients’vision.Previous studies have found blueberry anthocyanins extract(BAE)can inhibit the progression of DR,but its mechanism is not completely clear.Methods:To study the role of BAE in diabetes retinopathy,we treated human retinal endothelial cells(HRCECs)with 30 mM high glucose to simulate the microenvironment of diabetes retinopathy and used BAE to intervene the in vitro high glucose-induced retinopathy model.HRCEC cell viability and apoptosis rates were examined by Cell Counting Kit 8(CCK-8)assay and flow cytometry assay.The binding sites between miR-33 and glucocorticoid-induced transcript 1(GLCCI1)were assessed by luciferase reporter assay.Retinal neovascularization and oxidative stress contribute to diabetic retinopathy.The tubule formation assay was applied to detect the retinal neovascularization.The oxidative stress in the HRCECs was manifested by the reactive oxygen species(ROS)level,the malondialdehyde(MDA)level,and the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity.Results:Compared with HRCECs cells cultured under normal conditions,high glucose(HG)can induce oxidative stress in HRCRCs,specifically manifested in the increase of ROS and MDA levels,and the decrease of SOD activity.BAE relieved the tubule formation in n the HRCEC.BAE also relieved the ROS and MDA levels and increased the SOD activity.Luciferase reporter assay revealed that GLCCI1 is a target molecule downstream of miR-33.In HRCEC,BAE significantly inhibited the expression of miR-33 induced by HG.miR-33 mimic inhibited the BAE’s effects on oxidative stress and angiogenesis in an in vitro high glucose-induced retinopathy model.Conclusion:BAE alleviated the oxidative stress and microangiogenesis of HRCEC by regulating the miR-33/GLCCI1 axis.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Development Center Project of Ministry of Education(2022YFD1601704)Huang Yanpei s Vocational Education Thought Research Topic of China Vocational Education Society(ZJS2024YB181)+1 种基金Project of Chinese Institute of Electronic Labor(Cea12023269)New Generation Information Technology Innovation Project of Center for Scientific Research and Development of Higher Education Institutions,Ministry of Education(2022IT120).
文摘As the blueberry industry continues to evolve,the effective control of its diseases and pests has become an essential component of local agricultural development.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the principal types of blueberry diseases and pests in Guizhou Province,along with the corresponding control measures,in order to serve as a valuable reference for blueberry growers.
文摘Blueberry fruits from 45 commercial cultivars (39 northern highbush and 6 half highbush blueberry) grown in Suwon,Korea were analyzed for fruit size,soluble solids content,titratable acidity,total anthocyanin content,total phenolic content,and antioxidant activity.Fruit characteristics varied widely among the 45 blueberry cultivars.Fruit weight ranged from 0.9 to 3.6 g,soluble solids content from 8.3 to 14.3 °Brix,and titratable acidity from 0.8% to 3.6%.Antioxidant activity ranged from 0.7 to 2.1 mg of quercetin equivalents per gram of fresh berries in different blueberry cultivars.Among the 45 blueberry cultivars,high amounts of anthocyanins and polyphenols,and high antioxidant activity were observed in 'Elliott','Rubel','Rancocas',and 'Friendship'.
基金Supported by Foundation of President of Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences(11014)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to research the adaptability of 8 blueberry species in Tianjin. [Method] With 8 blueberry species as materials, blueberry was explored in terms of plant characters, the type of fruit-bearing branch, phenological phase, fruit economic characters, and yielding capacity. [Result] Al blueberry species were suitable to be grown in Tianjin with improved soils, showing blueberry growth characters, without any virus or diseases. General y speaking, species B, C, D, E, F and G can be grown in soils exposed to the air as fresh food; species A and H are suitable to be cultivation; species C tastes sour, which can be planted for further production. [Conclusion] The research provides references for blueberry introduction, selection, and cultivation in the region with similar ecological characters.
文摘The results of grafting improvement and cultivation trials in the Yangtze River Delta of China showed that the rootstock cultivar had a great influence on plant growth and development, fruit yield and quality of ＂Spartan＂ blueberry. Among the seven rootstock-scion combinations, the northern highbush blueberry （Vaccinium corymbosum） cultivar ＂Croaton＇-＇Spartan＇ combination showed well-healed graft unions, large branch amount, early fruit bearing, high yield, excellent fruit quality and almost no tillers. As a kind of rootstock, ＂Croaton＇ was better than non-grafted ＇Spartan＇ and the two rabbiteye blueberry cultivars ＇Premier＇ and ＇Gardenblue＇. The grafting pattern showed no significant stimulating effect on the plant growth and development, fruit yield and quality of ＇Spartan＇ blueberry in this area, but the overall performance of greenwood cleft grafting was better than that of inlaid bud grafting. Suitable rootstock cultivar and grafting pattern significantly improve plant arowth and development, fruit vield and aualitv of ＇Spartan＇ blueberry.
基金Key Technical Research Project of Jilin Provincial Department of Science and Technology(20190301043NY)Jilin Provincial Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talent Funding Project(2020036)Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Platform Operation Subsidy Project(2020132032)。
文摘As the most common and serious disease of blueberry,blueberry canker has caused huge economic losses to the blueberry planting industry.This paper summarized the pathogenic bacteria,symptoms,regularities and prevention methods of blueberry canker.
基金Supported by A grant from Foundation of High Level Talented Specialists of Guizhou Province,China,No. TZJF-200850a grant from Foundation of the Program for Tackling Key Problems of Guizhou Science and Technology Department,China,No. 2010GZ97666
文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of blueberry on hepatic fibrosis and NF-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) transcription factor in rats.METHODS:Forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group(A);CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis group(B);blueberry prevention group(C);Dan-shao-hua-xian capsule(DSHX) prevention group(D);and blueberry + DSHX prevention group(E).Liver fibrosis was induced in rats by subcutaneous injection of CCl4 and a high-lipid/low-protein diet for 8 wk(except the control group).The level of hyaluronic acid(HA) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) in serum was examined.The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione-S-transferase(GST) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in liver homogenates was determined.The degree of hepatic fibrosis was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining.Expression of Nrf2 and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1(Nqo1) was detected by real-time reversed transcribed-polymerase chain reaction,immunohistochemical techniques,and western blotting.RESULTS:Compared with group B,liver indices,levels of serum HA and ALT of groups C,D and E were reduced(liver indices:0.038 ± 0.008,0.036 ± 0.007,0.036 ± 0.005 vs 0.054 ± 0.009,P<0.05;HA:502.33 ± 110.57 ng/mL,524.25 ± 255.42 ng/mL,499.25 ± 198.10 ng/mL vs 828.50 ± 237.83 ng/mL,P<0.05;ALT:149.44 ± 16.51 U/L,136.88 ± 10.07 U/L,127.38 ± 11.03 U/L vs 203.25 ± 31.62 U/L,P<0.05),and SOD level was significantly higher,but MDA level was lower,in liver homogenates(SOD:1.36 ± 0.09 U/mg,1.42 ± 0.13 U/mg,1.50 ± 0.15 U/mg vs 1.08 ± 0.19 U/mg,P<0.05;MDA:0.294 ± 0.026 nmol/mg,0.285 ± 0.025 nmol/mg,0.284 ± 0.028 nmol/mg vs 0.335 ± 0.056 nmol/mg,P<0.05).Meanwhile,the stage of hepatic fibrosis was significantly weakened(P<0.05).Compared with group A,the activity of GST liver homogenates and expression levels of Nrf2 and Nqo1 in group B were elevated(P<0.05).The expression level of Nrf2 and Nqo1 in groups C,D,and E were increased as compared with group B,but the difference was not significant.CONCLUSION:Blueberry has preventive and protective effects on CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis by reducing hepatocyte injury and lipid peroxidation.However,these effects may not be related to the activation of Nrf2 during long-term of CCl4.
文摘BACKGROUND: Conventional drugs used in the treatment and prevention of liver diseases often have side effects, therefore research into natural substances are of significance. This study examined the effects of blueberry on liver protection and cellular immune functions. METHODS: To determine the effects of blueberry on liver protective function, male mice were orally administered blueberry (0.6 g/10 g) or normal saline for 21 days. Hepatic RNA was extracted by Trizol reagent, and the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and Nqol was determined by real-time RTPCR. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver homogenate were determined, and liver index was measured. To assess the effects of blueberry on cellular immune function, male mice received blueberry (0.4, 0.6, or 0.8 g/10 g) for 35 days, and the percentages of CD3(+), CD41(+), and CDS(+) T lymphocyte subgroups in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry, the index of the thymus and spleen was measured, and lymphocyte proliferation in the spleen was determined by MTT assay. RESULTS: Blueberry treatment significantly increased the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and Nqol, the important antioxidant components in the liver. Hepatic SOD in the blueberry group was higher and MDA was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Blueberry also increased the index of the spleen and enhanced the proliferation of lymphocytes of the spleen (P<0.05). The percentages of the CD3(+) and CDA(+) T lymphocyte subsets and the CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio were also increased by blueberry (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Blueberry induces expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and Nqol, which can protect hepatocytes from oxidative stress. In addition, blueberry can modulate T-cell function in mice. (Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2010; 9: 164-168)
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31301754)the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences-Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (CAAS-ASTIP)the Cultivation Plan for Youth Agricultural Science and Technology Innovative Talents of Liaoning Province, China (2015059)
文摘The highbush blueberry（Vaccinium corymbosum）,Duke,was used to construct a de novo transcriptome sequence library and to perform data statistical analysis.Mega 4,CLC Sequence Viewer 6 software,and quantitative PCR were employed for bioinformatics and expression analyses of the basic helix-loop-helix（BHLH）transcription factors of the sequencing library.The results showed that 28.38 gigabytes of valid data were obtained from transcriptome sequencing and were assembled into 108 033 unigenes.Functional annotation showed that 32 244 unigenes were annotated into Clusters of Orthologous Groups（COG）and Gene Ontology（GO）databases,whereas the rest of the 75 789 unigenes had no matching information.By using COG and GO classification tools,sequences with annotation information were divided into 25 and 52 categories,respectively,which involved transport and metabolism,transcriptional regulation,and signal transduction.Analysis of the transcriptome library identified a total of 59 BHLH genes.Sequence analysis revealed that 55 genes of that contained a complete BHLH domain.Furthermore,phylogenetic analysis showed that BHLH genes of blueberry（Duke）could be divided into 13 sub-groups.PCR results showed that 45 genes were expressed at various developmental stages of buds,stems,leaves,flowers,and fruits,suggesting that the function of BHLH was associated with the development of different tissues and organs of blueberry,Duke.The present study would provided a foundation for further investigations on the classification and functions of the blueberry BHLH family.
基金Project supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.2013PY095)the Clinical Research Project of Health and Family Planning Commission of Wuhan Municipality(No.WX13A05)+1 种基金the Research Project of Wuhan City Central Hospital(No.YQ15A04)the Grant from Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of Hubei Province of China(No.02.03.2014-10)
文摘Blueberries are a rich source of anthocyanins, which are associated with health benefits contributing to a reduced risk for many diseases. The present study identified the functional Gardenblue blueberry （Vaccinium ashei Reade） anthocyanin extracts （GBBAEs） and evaluated their capacity and underlying mechanisms in protecting murine RAW 264.7 cells from lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-stimulated inflammation in vitro. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） kit results showed that GBBAEs significantly inhibited the production of nitric oxide （NO）, prostaglandin E2 （PGE2）, interleukin-6 （IL-6）, IL-113, and interferon-y （INF-y）. Real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR） analysis in- dicated that the mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-113, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1）, and cyclooxygenase 2 （COX-2） were suppressed in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the relative protein expression levels of COX-2 and nuclear factor-κB p65 （NF-κBp65）. All these results suggested the potential use of GBBAEs as a functional food for the treatment of in- flammatory diseases.
基金supported by the grant of National Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(09JCYBJC12900)
文摘Objective To investigate whether the antioxidation and the regulation on the Extracellular Regulated Protein Kinases （ERK） signaling pathway are involved in the protective effects of blueberry on central nervous system. Methods 30 Senescence-accelerated mice prone 8 （SAMP8） mice were divided into three groups and treated with normal diet, blueberry extracts （200 mg/kg.bw/day） and cyaniding-3-O-galactoside （Cy-3-GAL） （50 mg/kg.bw/day） from blueberry for 8 weeks. 10 SAMR1 mice were set as control group. The capacity of spatial memory was assessed by Passive avoidance task and Morris water maze. Histological analyses on hippocampus were completed. Malondialdehyde （MDA） levels, Superoxide Dismutase （SOD） activity and the expression of ERK were detected. Results Both Cy-3-GAL and blueberry extracts were shown effective functions to relieve cellular injury, improve hippocampal neurons survival and inhibit the pyramidal cell layer damage. Cy-3-GAL and blueberry extracts also increased SOD activity and reduced MDA content in brain tissues and plasma, and increased hippocampal phosphorylated ERK （p-ERK） expression in SAMP8 mice. Further more, the passive avoidance task test showed that both the latency time and the number of errors were improved by Cy-3-GAL treatment, and the Morris Water Maze test showed significant decreases of latency were detected by Cy-3-GAL and blueberry extracts treatment on day 4. Conclusion Blueberry extracts may reverse the declines of cognitive and behavioral function in the ageing process through several pathways, including enhancing the capacity of antioxidation, altering stress signaling. Cy-3-GAL may be an important active ingredient for these biological effects.
