Dear Editor,I am Yuki Tanaka from Hakodate Central General Hospital,Japan.Mikulicz’s disease is characterized by symmetrical swelling of lacrimal and salivary glands.In 2012,a Japanese study group proposed comprehens...Dear Editor,I am Yuki Tanaka from Hakodate Central General Hospital,Japan.Mikulicz’s disease is characterized by symmetrical swelling of lacrimal and salivary glands.In 2012,a Japanese study group proposed comprehensive diagnostic criteria for immunoglobulin G4-related disease(IgG4-RD)^([1]).They have revealed that Mikulicz’s disease is a systemic IgG4-RD and attracted attentions of ophthalmologists.In 2014,the criteria for IgG4-related ophthalmic disease(IgG4-ROD)were established.展开更多
In this meta-analysis,our aim was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of lotilaner ophthalmic solution in treating Demodex Blepharitis(DB),with the goal of providing evidence for clinical practice.Pub M...In this meta-analysis,our aim was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of lotilaner ophthalmic solution in treating Demodex Blepharitis(DB),with the goal of providing evidence for clinical practice.Pub Med,Embase,Web of Science,The Cochrane Library,CNKI,Wanfang,and CBM were searched from inception to November 28,2023.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)comparing lotilaner ophthalmic solution(experimental group)with placebo(control group)for the treatment of DB were included.Two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted the data,and assessed the quality of the included studies.Meta-analysis was conducted using Rev Man 5.4 software.The Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluations(GRADE)approach was used to evaluate the evidence quality of outcomes.Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot.Four RCTs involving 947 patients were included.Meta-analysis revealed that compared to placebo,lotilaner ophthalmic solution significantly increased the rate of mite eradication(RR=3.61,95%CI(2.90,4.49),P<0.00001).Additionally,lotilaner treatment resulted in higher rates of collarette cure,erythema cure,composite erythema/collarette cure,and clinically meaningful collarette cure;the differences were statistically significant,with effect sizes(RR=5.74,95%CI(4.27,7.72),P<0.00001),(RR=3.16,95%CI(2.18,4.58),P<0.00001),(RR=6.75,95%CI(3.75,12.16),P<0.00001),and(RR=3.09,95%CI(2.65,3.60),P<0.00001),respectively.Mite density(MD=–1.42,95%CI(–2.09,–0.74),P<0.0001)and collarette grade(MD=–1.51,95%CI(–1.77,–1.25),P<0.00001)were significantly reduced.Indeed,no discernible discrepancies in the comfort levels experienced with eye drops emerged between the two groups.Although the experimental group did exhibit a slightly higher occurrence of treatment-related adverse events,ranging from instillation site discomfort to eye discharge and eyelid swelling,these variances did not attain statistical significance.Notably,upon GRADE evaluation,the study's evidence quality was deemed moderate,while scrutiny for publication bias revealed minimal indications thereof.In the realm of treatment,lotilaner ophthalmic solution shined as a beacon of efficacy,effectively combating mite infections and bolstering cure rates among patients with DB.Moreover,its administration was met with commendable compliance and upheld safety standards.展开更多
AIM：To compare the effect of azithromycin drop and doxycyciine capsule on treatment of posterior blepharitis.METHODS：Fifty patients（100 eyes） with moderate posterior blepharitis,randomly divided into two therapeut...AIM：To compare the effect of azithromycin drop and doxycyciine capsule on treatment of posterior blepharitis.METHODS：Fifty patients（100 eyes） with moderate posterior blepharitis,randomly divided into two therapeutic groups;all the patients got warm eyelid compress and massage three times a day for 3wk.In addition the first group got azithromycin 1% drop,twice daily for 1wk and then one drop daily for 2wk.The second group got oral doxycyciine 100 mg daily for 3wk.At the end of the research,patients＇ signs and symptoms were compared together.ANOVA,Chi-square and MannWhitney tests were used for statistical analysis.RESULTS：Topical therapy with azithromycin and oral therapy with doxycyciine relieved signs and symptoms after 3wk.There were no significant differences between symptoms healing rate and foreign body sensation healing in these two groups（P〉0.05）.However,azithromycin drop was more effective in reduction of eye redness and doxycyciine was more effective in meibomian glands plugging healing and reducing the corneal staining.CONCLUSION：Topical azithromycin could have similar effects as oral doxycyciine on posterior blepharitis in improving subjective symptoms.However,doxycyciine can reduce objective signs such as ocular surface staining and meibomian gland plugging more than azithromycin.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the correlation between Demodex infestation and keratitis,and to assess demodicosis using a simple approach.METHODS:A modified slit lamp illumination(at 40×magnification)was used to observe Demode...AIM:To evaluate the correlation between Demodex infestation and keratitis,and to assess demodicosis using a simple approach.METHODS:A modified slit lamp illumination(at 40×magnification)was used to observe Demodex tails in 40patients with refractory keratitis and 80 healthy controls.Bacterial smear and culture of the conjunctival sac and corneal lesion were performed to identify the pathogen.Tea tree oil ointment(TTOO)was added as a Demodex killing agent for lid scrubs to the treatment when Demodex infestation was confirmed.RESULTS:Demodex tails were found in all patients compared to 42/80 of the controls(P<0.01).Seventeen patients presented blepharitis,while 23 were free of scales and inflammation at the lid margin.The demodicosis was mild,moderate,and severe in 8,19,and 13 patients,respectively,compared to mild in 42 controls(P<0.01).The keratitis was mild,moderate,and severe in 13,19,and 8patients,respectively.The severity of Demodex infestation was not correlated to the severity of keratitis(P=0.126).The growth of Staphylococcus was revealed in nine patients who did not react to antibiotic eye drops prior to the TTOO treatment.Patients’signs and symptoms got resolved after the lid scrub with TTOO.CONCLUSION:Ocular Demodex needs to be checked and treated in refractory keratitis patients with or without blepharitis.A slit-lamp illumination under high magnification favors the judgment of the severity of Demodex infestation.展开更多
Coagulase-negative staphylococcus(C-NS)are regarded as normal flora of the lids and conjunctiva.The ability of these organisms to cause conjunctivitis and blepharitis can be overlooked or disregarded.To elucidate the ...Coagulase-negative staphylococcus(C-NS)are regarded as normal flora of the lids and conjunctiva.The ability of these organisms to cause conjunctivitis and blepharitis can be overlooked or disregarded.To elucidate the role of individual C-NS species in these eye diseases we compared Staphylococcus sp.isolated from the conjunctiva and lids of 50 healthy volunteers with 248 strains of Staphylococcus isolated from patients with staphylococcal conjunctivitis or blepharitis.S.epidermidis was the most frequent species isolated from the conjunctiva and lids of both groups.S.aureus was isolated only from infected patients.No individual C-NS species was found to be significantly associated with eye disease,but the colony count of C-NS after isolation was a useful indicator of conjunctivitis and blepharitis.The ability of Staphylococcus to ferment mannitol or mannose was associated with isolates only from infected patients.展开更多
Objective: to observe the efficacy of intense pulsed light (IPL) in the treatment of refractory Demodex blepharitis. Methods: a prospective study was conducted to collect 15 patients with Demodex blepharitis diagnosed...Objective: to observe the efficacy of intense pulsed light (IPL) in the treatment of refractory Demodex blepharitis. Methods: a prospective study was conducted to collect 15 patients with Demodex blepharitis diagnosed in Zigong first people's Hospital from September 2020 to may 2021 and ineffective after treatment with tea tree essential oil for 3 months. They were treated with IPL for 4 times (the first 3 times, with an interval of 2 weeks, and the last time with an interval of 4 weeks). The symptoms and symptoms of patients before and after treatment (2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks) were observed changes in the total amount of Demodex and the number of Demodex in different stages. Results: during the 3-month follow-up period, the symptom score and the number of Demodex decreased significantly. Before treatment, at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment, the symptom scores were 9.69 ± 2.06, 9.08 ± 2.02, 7.85 ± 2.34, 3.69 ± 2.84 and 3.23 ± 3.19 respectively. The symptoms improved from the 8th week, and the difference was statistically significant compared with that before treatment (P < 0.05);The total amount of Demodex was 17 (11.5, 26.25), 13.5 (11, 18.75), 11.5 (8.5, 16.75), 7 (5.25, 11.25) and 6 (1.75, 7.75) respectively. From the 8th week, the total amount of Demodex was lower than that before treatment (P < 0.05). The number of Demodex decreased mainly in adults (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the number of eggs and larvae (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusion: IPL is an effective method for the treatment of refractory Demodex blepharitis.展开更多
文摘Dear Editor,I am Yuki Tanaka from Hakodate Central General Hospital,Japan.Mikulicz’s disease is characterized by symmetrical swelling of lacrimal and salivary glands.In 2012,a Japanese study group proposed comprehensive diagnostic criteria for immunoglobulin G4-related disease(IgG4-RD)^([1]).They have revealed that Mikulicz’s disease is a systemic IgG4-RD and attracted attentions of ophthalmologists.In 2014,the criteria for IgG4-related ophthalmic disease(IgG4-ROD)were established.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2020YFC2008304)Health Commission of Henan Province(Grant No.LHGJ20220426)。
文摘In this meta-analysis,our aim was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of lotilaner ophthalmic solution in treating Demodex Blepharitis(DB),with the goal of providing evidence for clinical practice.Pub Med,Embase,Web of Science,The Cochrane Library,CNKI,Wanfang,and CBM were searched from inception to November 28,2023.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)comparing lotilaner ophthalmic solution(experimental group)with placebo(control group)for the treatment of DB were included.Two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted the data,and assessed the quality of the included studies.Meta-analysis was conducted using Rev Man 5.4 software.The Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluations(GRADE)approach was used to evaluate the evidence quality of outcomes.Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot.Four RCTs involving 947 patients were included.Meta-analysis revealed that compared to placebo,lotilaner ophthalmic solution significantly increased the rate of mite eradication(RR=3.61,95%CI(2.90,4.49),P<0.00001).Additionally,lotilaner treatment resulted in higher rates of collarette cure,erythema cure,composite erythema/collarette cure,and clinically meaningful collarette cure;the differences were statistically significant,with effect sizes(RR=5.74,95%CI(4.27,7.72),P<0.00001),(RR=3.16,95%CI(2.18,4.58),P<0.00001),(RR=6.75,95%CI(3.75,12.16),P<0.00001),and(RR=3.09,95%CI(2.65,3.60),P<0.00001),respectively.Mite density(MD=–1.42,95%CI(–2.09,–0.74),P<0.0001)and collarette grade(MD=–1.51,95%CI(–1.77,–1.25),P<0.00001)were significantly reduced.Indeed,no discernible discrepancies in the comfort levels experienced with eye drops emerged between the two groups.Although the experimental group did exhibit a slightly higher occurrence of treatment-related adverse events,ranging from instillation site discomfort to eye discharge and eyelid swelling,these variances did not attain statistical significance.Notably,upon GRADE evaluation,the study's evidence quality was deemed moderate,while scrutiny for publication bias revealed minimal indications thereof.In the realm of treatment,lotilaner ophthalmic solution shined as a beacon of efficacy,effectively combating mite infections and bolstering cure rates among patients with DB.Moreover,its administration was met with commendable compliance and upheld safety standards.
文摘AIM：To compare the effect of azithromycin drop and doxycyciine capsule on treatment of posterior blepharitis.METHODS：Fifty patients（100 eyes） with moderate posterior blepharitis,randomly divided into two therapeutic groups;all the patients got warm eyelid compress and massage three times a day for 3wk.In addition the first group got azithromycin 1% drop,twice daily for 1wk and then one drop daily for 2wk.The second group got oral doxycyciine 100 mg daily for 3wk.At the end of the research,patients＇ signs and symptoms were compared together.ANOVA,Chi-square and MannWhitney tests were used for statistical analysis.RESULTS：Topical therapy with azithromycin and oral therapy with doxycyciine relieved signs and symptoms after 3wk.There were no significant differences between symptoms healing rate and foreign body sensation healing in these two groups（P〉0.05）.However,azithromycin drop was more effective in reduction of eye redness and doxycyciine was more effective in meibomian glands plugging healing and reducing the corneal staining.CONCLUSION：Topical azithromycin could have similar effects as oral doxycyciine on posterior blepharitis in improving subjective symptoms.However,doxycyciine can reduce objective signs such as ocular surface staining and meibomian gland plugging more than azithromycin.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82271052,No.82271058,No.U20A20386)the Taishan Scholar Program(No.tspd20150215,No.tsqn201909188)。
文摘AIM:To evaluate the correlation between Demodex infestation and keratitis,and to assess demodicosis using a simple approach.METHODS:A modified slit lamp illumination(at 40×magnification)was used to observe Demodex tails in 40patients with refractory keratitis and 80 healthy controls.Bacterial smear and culture of the conjunctival sac and corneal lesion were performed to identify the pathogen.Tea tree oil ointment(TTOO)was added as a Demodex killing agent for lid scrubs to the treatment when Demodex infestation was confirmed.RESULTS:Demodex tails were found in all patients compared to 42/80 of the controls(P<0.01).Seventeen patients presented blepharitis,while 23 were free of scales and inflammation at the lid margin.The demodicosis was mild,moderate,and severe in 8,19,and 13 patients,respectively,compared to mild in 42 controls(P<0.01).The keratitis was mild,moderate,and severe in 13,19,and 8patients,respectively.The severity of Demodex infestation was not correlated to the severity of keratitis(P=0.126).The growth of Staphylococcus was revealed in nine patients who did not react to antibiotic eye drops prior to the TTOO treatment.Patients’signs and symptoms got resolved after the lid scrub with TTOO.CONCLUSION:Ocular Demodex needs to be checked and treated in refractory keratitis patients with or without blepharitis.A slit-lamp illumination under high magnification favors the judgment of the severity of Demodex infestation.
文摘Coagulase-negative staphylococcus(C-NS)are regarded as normal flora of the lids and conjunctiva.The ability of these organisms to cause conjunctivitis and blepharitis can be overlooked or disregarded.To elucidate the role of individual C-NS species in these eye diseases we compared Staphylococcus sp.isolated from the conjunctiva and lids of 50 healthy volunteers with 248 strains of Staphylococcus isolated from patients with staphylococcal conjunctivitis or blepharitis.S.epidermidis was the most frequent species isolated from the conjunctiva and lids of both groups.S.aureus was isolated only from infected patients.No individual C-NS species was found to be significantly associated with eye disease,but the colony count of C-NS after isolation was a useful indicator of conjunctivitis and blepharitis.The ability of Staphylococcus to ferment mannitol or mannose was associated with isolates only from infected patients.
文摘Objective: to observe the efficacy of intense pulsed light (IPL) in the treatment of refractory Demodex blepharitis. Methods: a prospective study was conducted to collect 15 patients with Demodex blepharitis diagnosed in Zigong first people's Hospital from September 2020 to may 2021 and ineffective after treatment with tea tree essential oil for 3 months. They were treated with IPL for 4 times (the first 3 times, with an interval of 2 weeks, and the last time with an interval of 4 weeks). The symptoms and symptoms of patients before and after treatment (2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks) were observed changes in the total amount of Demodex and the number of Demodex in different stages. Results: during the 3-month follow-up period, the symptom score and the number of Demodex decreased significantly. Before treatment, at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment, the symptom scores were 9.69 ± 2.06, 9.08 ± 2.02, 7.85 ± 2.34, 3.69 ± 2.84 and 3.23 ± 3.19 respectively. The symptoms improved from the 8th week, and the difference was statistically significant compared with that before treatment (P < 0.05);The total amount of Demodex was 17 (11.5, 26.25), 13.5 (11, 18.75), 11.5 (8.5, 16.75), 7 (5.25, 11.25) and 6 (1.75, 7.75) respectively. From the 8th week, the total amount of Demodex was lower than that before treatment (P < 0.05). The number of Demodex decreased mainly in adults (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the number of eggs and larvae (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusion: IPL is an effective method for the treatment of refractory Demodex blepharitis.
