Background:Bullying is a current social and educational problem with detrimental consequences in adolescence and later life stages.Previous research has explored the risk or protective factor at different socio-ecolog...Background:Bullying is a current social and educational problem with detrimental consequences in adolescence and later life stages.Previous research has explored the risk or protective factor at different socio-ecological levels,but further integration is needed to examine the relationships of family characteristics.This study examines how parenting style and attachment relate to adolescents’bullying and cyberbullying,and whether parental phubbing mediates these links.Methods:Grounded in social bonding theory,we surveyed a cross-sectional convenience sample of U.S.college students(N=545;Mean_(age)=19.60,SD=1.41)who retrospectively reported middle/high-school experiences from Massachusetts,Colorado,and Virginia.Measures followed established traditions of bullying involvement,parenting style,and partner phubbing).Linear regressions tested associations among parenting style,attachment to parents/teachers,parental phubbing,and bullying/cyberbullying offending and victimization.Results:Stronger parental attachment and democratic(authoritative)parenting were associated with lower bullying victimization,and teacher attachment was protective for offline and overall offending.Critically,parents’excessive personal technology use(phubbing)mediated the link between democratic parenting and bullying outcomes:high parental device use attenuated or nullified the protective association of democratic parenting.Conclusion:Findings reaffirm the value of nurturing,boundary-setting parenting and close parent–child/teacher bonds,while highlighting a contemporary risk—parental device-related inattention.Despite rapid technological change,the core need for stable human connection remains central to reducing bullying involvement.展开更多
This paper studied the contact stresses in curvic attachments.The principal purpose of this research is to employ a method of alleviating the fluctuating hoop stresses which can be considered to be a major contributio...This paper studied the contact stresses in curvic attachments.The principal purpose of this research is to employ a method of alleviating the fluctuating hoop stresses which can be considered to be a major contribution to fatigue failure in curvic attachments.This method entails novel precision geometry of the contacting flat on curvic which is a tactic to get appropriate arc heights in in-plane direction as well as vary radius in out-of-plane direction.The dimensional finite elements in both directions were analyzed.These analysis results indicated that significant reduction in fluctuating hoop stresses can be achieved by the proposed method,provided that the precision geometry is controlled sufficiently precisely.展开更多
A numerical simulation is conducted to investigate arc-anode attachment behavior, especially the formation mechanism of the constricted arc attachment mode for the water-cooled anode of wall-stabilized transferred arg...A numerical simulation is conducted to investigate arc-anode attachment behavior, especially the formation mechanism of the constricted arc attachment mode for the water-cooled anode of wall-stabilized transferred argon arcs. Argon molecular ions and the corresponding kinetic processes are included to the finite-rate chemistry model in order to capture the chemical nonequilibrium characteristics of the arc near the anode region. Modeling results show that constricted and diffusive arc–anode attachments can be self-consistently obtained at different arc currents while keeping other parameters unchanged. The dominant kinetic processes contributing to ionization and recombination in the arc center and fringes are presented. The results show that in arc fringes and the arc attachment region, molecular ion recombination plays an important role which leads to the rapid loss of electrons. The radial evolution of the production, loss and transport processes of electrons is further analyzed. It is found that for the constricted arc attachment mode, both the recombination and convection transport caused by the anode jet result in the loss of electrons at the arc fringes, which leads to the shrinkage of the arc column at the anode. The formation of the anode jet is due to the combined action of radial and axial Lorentz forces in the anode region.展开更多
Overdenture as a treatment modality for both partially and fully edentulous patients is costeffective and less expensive. The purpose of the present study was to examine the newly fabricated attachments by comparing t...Overdenture as a treatment modality for both partially and fully edentulous patients is costeffective and less expensive. The purpose of the present study was to examine the newly fabricated attachments by comparing them with conventional O-ring attachment in vitro in terms of retention force and cyclic aging resistance. A total of 150 samples were prepared and divided into five groups according to the materials used(O-ring attachment, Deflex M10 XR, Deflex Classic SR, Deflex Acrilato FD, and flexible acrylic resin). The retention force of different attachments was measured by a mini dental implant after three subsequent aging(0, 63, and 126) cycles in the circumstances similar to the oral environment. The gap space between the head of the implant and the inner surface of the attachments was detected. Two-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) analysis with multiple comparisons test was applied for statistical analysis. The results showed that Deflex M10 XR had the highest retention force and the lowest gap space after cyclic aging; in addition, by comparing the relative force reduction, the lowest values were obtained in the O-ring attachment and the highest values in the flexible acrylic resin attachment. The retention force measured after cyclic aging for the Deflex M10 XR attachment was greatly improved when compared with the O-ring attachment and other types of attachment materials; in addition, the Deflex M10 XR attachment exhibited the minimum gap space between the inner surface and the mini dental implant head. In conclusion, Deflex M10 XR has the ability to withstand weathering conditions and retains its durable and retentive properties after aging when compared with other attachments.展开更多
Background:Early adolescents become increasingly conscious of their body image,which can profoundly impact their mental health and well-being.In South Korea,societal pressures and expectations regarding physical appea...Background:Early adolescents become increasingly conscious of their body image,which can profoundly impact their mental health and well-being.In South Korea,societal pressures and expectations regarding physical appearance are particularly intense,making the study of body-esteem in Korean adolescents especially pertinent.This study explores the roles of self-esteem,peer attachment,and maternal attachments in shaping body-esteem among early adolescents.Methods:Structural equation modeling(SEM)was employed using data from 1326 Korean middle school students(Mean_(age)=13.32,SD=1.73).Results:The results revealed that self-esteem had a significantly positive effect on both peer attachment and maternal attachment.However,while peer attachment positively influenced body-esteem,maternal attachment did not have a significant direnct effect on body-esteem.Conclusions:These findings suggest that during early adolescence,peer relationships,rather than maternal bonds,play a more critical role in shaping body image.In a culture that emphasizes peer validation and societal beauty standards,peer relationships have a stronger impact on body-esteem.Interventions should focus on fostering supportive peer environments and enhancing self-esteem to promote positive body-esteem and mental health among adolescents.展开更多
The characteristics of the particulate mouse centromere enriched fraction from isolated nuclei obtained in our laboratory were investigated by indirect immunoflu-orescence, test of the activity of microtubule organizi...The characteristics of the particulate mouse centromere enriched fraction from isolated nuclei obtained in our laboratory were investigated by indirect immunoflu-orescence, test of the activity of microtubule organizing center(MTOC), SDS-PAGE, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Most of the particles of the fraction are complexes of DNA and kinetochore proteins and show MTOC activity. The DNA isolated from the fraction can hybridize with DNA in the regions of the primary constrictions of all chromosomes of ascites cells. The kinetochore proteins isolated from the fraction are mainly those with molecular weight of 55 KD and 59 KD. Results suggested that the fraction obtained is a centromere enriched nuclear fraction as indicated in our previous report.展开更多
The ecological conditions that underlie much of human flourishing still receive scant attention from moral philosophers.While interest in philosophy of ecology has grown in recent years,ethicists are still reluctant t...The ecological conditions that underlie much of human flourishing still receive scant attention from moral philosophers.While interest in philosophy of ecology has grown in recent years,ethicists are still reluctant to grant ecological issues the status they arguably deserve.These issues are not restricted to custodianship of the natural world;they also pertain to our ability to enjoy love relationships and other passionate attachments.While the connection between human flourishing and love relationships has an ancient provenance,recently philosophers such as Harry Frankfurt,Bernard Williams,and Susan Wolf have emphasised it.Nevertheless,the ecological conditions of our passionate attachments remain obscure.This chapter investigates the extent that passionate attachments are underwritten by a delicate balance of ecological conditions.To do this,the author examines the effects of the pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus,SARS-CoV-2,which has threatened a key aspect of passionate attachments:our sociality.展开更多
Objective To discuss the application of semi-precision attachment in restoring a midfacial defect, including a nasal, upper lip, and anterior maxillary defect. Methods A splinted metal-ceramic crowns （from the upper ...Objective To discuss the application of semi-precision attachment in restoring a midfacial defect, including a nasal, upper lip, and anterior maxillary defect. Methods A splinted metal-ceramic crowns （from the upper right first molar to left molar） and a bar with stud attachments was done. A removable partial denture （RPD） containing the patrix portion of the attachment was then designed to restore the missing maxillary anterior teeth and alveolar ridge. Finally,, The facial prosthesis was joined to the denture utilizing two retentive metal posts on the superior aspect of the removable partial. Results A splinted metal-ceramic crowns （from the upper right frst molar to left molar） and a bar with stud attachments was done. A RPD containing the patrix portion of the attachment was then designed to restore the missing maxillary anterior teeth and alveolar ridge. Finally, The facial prosthesis was joined to the denture utilizing two retentive metal posts on the superior aspect of the removable partial. The prosthesis markedly improved the appearance of the patient and demonstrated good retention. Conclusion Using attachment in restoring rnaxillofacial defect may provide adequate retetion which lead to a sucessful treatment outcome.展开更多
Background:While various factors contributing to delinquency have been explored,the role of selfesteem in this specific context has received little attention.Hence,this study aims to investigate the complex issue of a...Background:While various factors contributing to delinquency have been explored,the role of selfesteem in this specific context has received little attention.Hence,this study aims to investigate the complex issue of adolescent delinquency in Iran by focusing on the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between parental attachment and delinquent behavior.Methods:Using the multistage cluster random sampling method,the research involved 528 high school students in Tehran.Each student completed validated scales assessing their parental attachment,self-esteem,and delinquency at school.Multiple regression analyses with the Sobel test and bootstrappingmethod were used to examine mediated effects.Results:Thefindings reveal that self-esteem significantly mediates the relationship betweenmaternal attachment and delinquency(standardized coefficient=−0.0292;p=0.04).Adolescents with secure maternal attachments tend to exhibit higher self-esteem,which reduces the likelihood of delinquent behavior.In contrast,paternal attachment did not show a significant mediating effect in this study.These results underscore the importance of cultivating secure maternal relationships and fostering positive self-esteem to address adolescent delinquency.Conclusion:The study suggests that targeted interventions that strengthen maternal attachment and boost self-esteem could effectively mitigate delinquent behaviors among Iranian adolescents.These interventions should prioritize the emotional support and value of secure maternal bonds as key factors in promoting healthy adolescent development.展开更多
Objectives:Attachment is a profound and enduring connection to the emotion children progressively form with their parents as they mature.It significantly impacts the social and psychological development of kids and te...Objectives:Attachment is a profound and enduring connection to the emotion children progressively form with their parents as they mature.It significantly impacts the social and psychological development of kids and teenagers.This study aimed to explore the latent profiles and longitudinal transition patterns of parent-child and peer attachments among adolescents.Methods:A cohort of 914 participants from China completed the measures with a twelve-month interval.There were 46.8%boys and 53.2%girls in this survey.Latent profile analysis(LPA)was adopted to explore the distinct profiles reflecting different parent-child and peer attachment response patterns at each time point.Latent transition analysis(LTA)was used to examine the membership of distinct latent profiles and how individuals move between profiles over time.Results:Three latent profiles were found:the poor parent-child communication profile,the moderate attachment profile,and the good attachment profile.It was shown that the transition probability from the poor parent-child communication and good attachment profiles to the moderate attachment profile was higher than the transition probability between the poor parent-child communication and good attachment profiles.Patterns of parent-child and peer attachments were associated with depression and anxiety.Conclusion:This study demonstrates differences in adolescents’attachment to fathers,mothers,and peers and the need for targeted interventions for groups of adolescents with moderate levels of parent-child and peer attachment.展开更多
Background:Live streaming has become a globally prevalent form of digital entertainment,particularly among young audiences,fostering new modes of online engagement through real-time interaction.However,excessive use m...Background:Live streaming has become a globally prevalent form of digital entertainment,particularly among young audiences,fostering new modes of online engagement through real-time interaction.However,excessive use may lead to addictive behaviors in certain users.Current research on live-streaming addiction remains limited,with prior studies focusing primarily on socio-psychological drivers rather than the role of technological affordances.To address this gap,this study develops a conceptual model based on socio-technical systems and attachment theory to investigate how emotional and functional attachment mediate the relationship between platform features and addictive behavior.Methods:A total of 533 valid responses were collected in a cross-sectional survey(mean age=26.4 years,standard deviation[SD]=4.7;53.8%female).Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling(SEM)to test the hypothesized relationships.Additionally,the potential mediating effects of emotional and functional attachment between the platform features and live-streaming addiction were examined using the Bootstrap method.Results:Social factors(perceived interactivity,β=0.204,p<0.001;perceived confirmation,β=0.379,p<0.001)and technical factors(perceived customization,β=0.227,p<0.001;perceived amusement,β=0.252,p<0.001;vicarious expression,β=0.352,p<0.001)significantly strengthen both emotional and functional attachment,which in turn positively predict live-streaming addiction(emotional attachment:β=0.468,p<0.001;functional attachment:β=0.393,p<0.001).Furthermore,emotional attachment exerted a stronger influence on addiction than functional attachment.Conclusions:These findings deepen the understanding of live-streaming addiction by integrating socio-technical perspectives and offer practical implications for stakeholders to mitigate negative outcomes through effective strategies.展开更多
BACKGROUND The primary issue in managing edentulous patients is the severely resorbed mandibular ridge,particularly in older individuals with diminished adaptive capacities.This compromised situation leads to the fabr...BACKGROUND The primary issue in managing edentulous patients is the severely resorbed mandibular ridge,particularly in older individuals with diminished adaptive capacities.This compromised situation leads to the fabrication of inadequate dentures that lack retention and stability,potentially causing psychosocial issues.AIM To determine the difference in retentive capacity between three attachment systems in implant-retained overdentures.METHODS Three edentulous mandibular models were fabricated using heat-cured polymethacrylate resin,with two implant replicas placed in the intra-foraminal region of each model.30 acrylic resin mandibular overdentures were fabricated with provisions for three different overdenture attachment systems:A prefabricated ball/O-ring attachment,a locator attachment system,and an equator attachment system.Each model was subjected to 15000 pulls using a universal testing machine to remove the overdenture from the acrylic model and the force data were recorded.RESULTS The ball/O-ring attachment system demonstrated superior retentive capacity for 15 years,while the locator and equator attachment systems maintained excellent retentive capacity for 5 years.CONCLUSION The ball/O-ring attachment system outperformed better than the other two attachment systems regarding retentive capacity.The locator and equator attachment systems presented sufficient retentive abilities until 15000 cycles.After 7500 cycles,significant differences in retentive force between the systems evolved.展开更多
Plate culture counting and strain isolation methods were utilized to assess the species richness and abundance of planktonic and attached bacteria on glass plates in the surface and bottom seawater of Qingdao Middle H...Plate culture counting and strain isolation methods were utilized to assess the species richness and abundance of planktonic and attached bacteria on glass plates in the surface and bottom seawater of Qingdao Middle Harbor over a year,with monthly and quarterly sampling.Both species richness and bacterial numbers exhibited seasonal variations.Specifically,the abundance of attached bacteria and bacterioplankton peaked in June and July,corresponding to higher water temperatures in summer and autumn,while lower abundances were noted in January and December during cooler periods.Throughout the year,the species richness of attached bacteria consistently exceeded that of planktonic bacteria in both shallow and deep waters.Pseudoalteromonas emerged as the most prevalent genus among both planktonic and attached bacteria in surface and bottom seawater samples.Furthermore,the magnitude of changes in species richness and abundance for attached bacteria(0.66×10^(5)-15.85×10^(5)CFU/cm^(2))was greater than that observed for planktonic bacteria(0.58×10^(8)-5.33×10^(8)CFU/L).We propose that the attached bacterial populations,situated in limited microenvironments within the larger seawater ecosystem,exhibit heightened sensitivity to environmental fluctuations,resulting in more rapid shifts in population dynamics and lower ecological stability.The theoretical implications and potential applications of these findings warrant further investigation.展开更多
A numerical method is presented to simulate bubble–particle interaction phenomena in particle-laden flows.The bubble surface is represented in an Eulerian framework by a volume-of-fluid(VOF)method,while particle moti...A numerical method is presented to simulate bubble–particle interaction phenomena in particle-laden flows.The bubble surface is represented in an Eulerian framework by a volume-of-fluid(VOF)method,while particle motions are predicted in a Lagrangian framework.Different frameworks for describing bubble surfaces and particles make it difficult to predict the exact locations of collisions between bubbles and particles.An effective bubble,defined as having a larger diameter than the actual bubble represented by the VOFmethod,is introduced to predict the collision locations.Once the collision locations are determined,the attachment of particles to the bubble surface is determined using a novel numerical algorithm based on collision/induction times.The proposed numerical method is validated through simulations of a rising bubble moving through a layer of particles.The validity of the collision detection algorithm is examined by comparing the collision probability predicted by the present numerical method with that predicted from a theoretical relationship based on bubble/particle diameters.The attachment probability predicted by the present algorithm is found to agree well with that of an experiment.展开更多
Background:Childhood environmental unpredictability(CEU)is crucial to personal development,profoundly influence physical and psychological growth particularly,and psychopathy is recognized as a dark personality trait....Background:Childhood environmental unpredictability(CEU)is crucial to personal development,profoundly influence physical and psychological growth particularly,and psychopathy is recognized as a dark personality trait.The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of insecure attachment and life history strategy(LHS)on the relationship between CEU and psychopathy by establishing a sequential mediation model based on evolutionary life history theory and cognitive-affective personality system.Methods:A group of 532 undergraduates completed the measurements for CEU,insecure attachment,LHS,and psychopathy,and Bootstrap mediation test through SPSS 25.0 and PROCESS macro tool was used to examine the relationship among these variables.Results:The results revealed positive relations between CEU and insecure attachment(β=0.87,p<0.001),CEU and LHS(β=0.11,p<0.001),and CEU and psychopathy(β=0.14,p<0.001).Insecure attachment was also positively associated with LHS(β=0.62,p<0.001)and psychopathy(β=0.04,p<0.001).In addition,LHS was significantly associated with psychopathy(β=0.08,p<0.001).The relationship between CEU and psychopathy is mediated independently and sequentially by insecure attachment and LHS.Conclusion:The current research shows the relationship between CEU and psychopathy,as well as the mechanism of insecure attachment and life history strategy as mediators.展开更多
This study explores the impact of perceived value,awe,and place attachment on tourists'environmentally responsible behavior(ERB)in desert tourism contexts,using the Singing Sands Mountain and Crescent Spring sceni...This study explores the impact of perceived value,awe,and place attachment on tourists'environmentally responsible behavior(ERB)in desert tourism contexts,using the Singing Sands Mountain and Crescent Spring scenic area in Dunhuang,China as a case study.Data were collected from 315 tourists using a structured questionnaire and analyzed through a structural equation model.Results show that perceived value and awe significantly influence ERB both directly and indirectly via place attachment.Specifically,perceived value has a stronger direct effect on ERB compared to awe,highlighting the importance of tourists'overall evaluation of the destination in promoting sustainable behaviors.The mediating role of place attachment underscores the significance of emotional connections to the environment in fostering ERB.These findings provide valuable insights for sustainable tourism management in fragile desert ecosystems.The study also highlights the importance of enhancing perceived value through high-quality services and leveraging awe-inspiring experiences to promote sustainable behaviors.展开更多
The invasion of host cells by the henipavirus is facilitated through the interaction between viral attachment(G)and fusion(F)glycoproteins with receptors on the cell surface.Langya henipavirus(LayV)was newly identifie...The invasion of host cells by the henipavirus is facilitated through the interaction between viral attachment(G)and fusion(F)glycoproteins with receptors on the cell surface.Langya henipavirus(LayV)was newly identified in China in 2022.The G proteins of LayV and Mojiang virus(MojV)exhibit high amino acid homology(86%),while they are located in a unique evolutionary clade within the Henipavirus genus.In this study,the crystal structure of the LayV G protein was resolved at a 3.37Åresolution,revealing a head domain with sixβ-propeller-like domains distinct from other henipavirus G proteins,such as those of Nipah virus(NiV)and Hendra virus(HeV).Furthermore,the prominent loop in the center cavity of the LayV G protein showed unique structural features.In the ELISA and SPR assays,the LayV G protein was unable to bind to the existing henipavirus-neutralizing antibodies or the ephrin-B2 receptor.Immunogenicity studies in mice demonstrated robust antibody responses elicited by the LayV G protein.These antibodies exhibited strong reactivity against both LayV and MojV G proteins.However,only weak cross-reactivity was observed with other henipaviruses.Moreover,eight monoclonal antibodies targeting the LayV G protein were generated,two of which exhibited broad binding activity across different henipavirus G proteins.These findings underscore the need for tailored vaccines and therapeutics for LayV and related novel henipaviruses.展开更多
Background Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)is a significant health concern among adolescents and young adults,often resulting from adverse childhood experiences(ACEs).Dissociation,post-traumatic symptoms and attachment ...Background Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)is a significant health concern among adolescents and young adults,often resulting from adverse childhood experiences(ACEs).Dissociation,post-traumatic symptoms and attachment style may have a role in shaping such associations.Aims This study aims to provide a unified model of the impact of ACEs on NSSI,exploring complex post-traumatic stress disorder(cPTSD)symptoms and dissociation as potential mediators and the role of the predominant attachment style in affecting such associations.Methods 1010 young individuals attending the last year of high school participated in this cross-sectional study.ACEs,cPTSD,dissociation and NSSI were evaluated using self-report questionnaires.We fitted a path model of NSSI,with ACEs as exogenous variables and cPTSD and dissociation as sequential mediators.Secure,fearful and preoccupied attachment styles were modelled as grouping variables.Results Our findings showed that dissociation mediated the impact of ACEs on NSSI in subjects with a fearful attachment style,as opposed to those with a preoccupied attachment for whom cPTSD symptoms mediated the ACEs-NSSI association.Conclusions Attachment styles moderate the relationship between ACEs and NSSI,with either dissociation or post-traumatic symptomatology mediating the impact of ACEs on NSSI,depending on the predominant attachment style.Our results highlight the importance of attachment as a pathway modifier in the relationships between different psychopathology dimensions,providing a useful framework to better conceptualise the ACEs-NSSI association.展开更多
文摘Background:Bullying is a current social and educational problem with detrimental consequences in adolescence and later life stages.Previous research has explored the risk or protective factor at different socio-ecological levels,but further integration is needed to examine the relationships of family characteristics.This study examines how parenting style and attachment relate to adolescents’bullying and cyberbullying,and whether parental phubbing mediates these links.Methods:Grounded in social bonding theory,we surveyed a cross-sectional convenience sample of U.S.college students(N=545;Mean_(age)=19.60,SD=1.41)who retrospectively reported middle/high-school experiences from Massachusetts,Colorado,and Virginia.Measures followed established traditions of bullying involvement,parenting style,and partner phubbing).Linear regressions tested associations among parenting style,attachment to parents/teachers,parental phubbing,and bullying/cyberbullying offending and victimization.Results:Stronger parental attachment and democratic(authoritative)parenting were associated with lower bullying victimization,and teacher attachment was protective for offline and overall offending.Critically,parents’excessive personal technology use(phubbing)mediated the link between democratic parenting and bullying outcomes:high parental device use attenuated or nullified the protective association of democratic parenting.Conclusion:Findings reaffirm the value of nurturing,boundary-setting parenting and close parent–child/teacher bonds,while highlighting a contemporary risk—parental device-related inattention.Despite rapid technological change,the core need for stable human connection remains central to reducing bullying involvement.
基金Sponsored by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No.2007CB707705 and 2007CB707706)
文摘This paper studied the contact stresses in curvic attachments.The principal purpose of this research is to employ a method of alleviating the fluctuating hoop stresses which can be considered to be a major contribution to fatigue failure in curvic attachments.This method entails novel precision geometry of the contacting flat on curvic which is a tactic to get appropriate arc heights in in-plane direction as well as vary radius in out-of-plane direction.The dimensional finite elements in both directions were analyzed.These analysis results indicated that significant reduction in fluctuating hoop stresses can be achieved by the proposed method,provided that the precision geometry is controlled sufficiently precisely.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11735004, 11575019, 11702021)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents (BX20180029)
文摘A numerical simulation is conducted to investigate arc-anode attachment behavior, especially the formation mechanism of the constricted arc attachment mode for the water-cooled anode of wall-stabilized transferred argon arcs. Argon molecular ions and the corresponding kinetic processes are included to the finite-rate chemistry model in order to capture the chemical nonequilibrium characteristics of the arc near the anode region. Modeling results show that constricted and diffusive arc–anode attachments can be self-consistently obtained at different arc currents while keeping other parameters unchanged. The dominant kinetic processes contributing to ionization and recombination in the arc center and fringes are presented. The results show that in arc fringes and the arc attachment region, molecular ion recombination plays an important role which leads to the rapid loss of electrons. The radial evolution of the production, loss and transport processes of electrons is further analyzed. It is found that for the constricted arc attachment mode, both the recombination and convection transport caused by the anode jet result in the loss of electrons at the arc fringes, which leads to the shrinkage of the arc column at the anode. The formation of the anode jet is due to the combined action of radial and axial Lorentz forces in the anode region.
文摘Overdenture as a treatment modality for both partially and fully edentulous patients is costeffective and less expensive. The purpose of the present study was to examine the newly fabricated attachments by comparing them with conventional O-ring attachment in vitro in terms of retention force and cyclic aging resistance. A total of 150 samples were prepared and divided into five groups according to the materials used(O-ring attachment, Deflex M10 XR, Deflex Classic SR, Deflex Acrilato FD, and flexible acrylic resin). The retention force of different attachments was measured by a mini dental implant after three subsequent aging(0, 63, and 126) cycles in the circumstances similar to the oral environment. The gap space between the head of the implant and the inner surface of the attachments was detected. Two-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) analysis with multiple comparisons test was applied for statistical analysis. The results showed that Deflex M10 XR had the highest retention force and the lowest gap space after cyclic aging; in addition, by comparing the relative force reduction, the lowest values were obtained in the O-ring attachment and the highest values in the flexible acrylic resin attachment. The retention force measured after cyclic aging for the Deflex M10 XR attachment was greatly improved when compared with the O-ring attachment and other types of attachment materials; in addition, the Deflex M10 XR attachment exhibited the minimum gap space between the inner surface and the mini dental implant head. In conclusion, Deflex M10 XR has the ability to withstand weathering conditions and retains its durable and retentive properties after aging when compared with other attachments.
文摘Background:Early adolescents become increasingly conscious of their body image,which can profoundly impact their mental health and well-being.In South Korea,societal pressures and expectations regarding physical appearance are particularly intense,making the study of body-esteem in Korean adolescents especially pertinent.This study explores the roles of self-esteem,peer attachment,and maternal attachments in shaping body-esteem among early adolescents.Methods:Structural equation modeling(SEM)was employed using data from 1326 Korean middle school students(Mean_(age)=13.32,SD=1.73).Results:The results revealed that self-esteem had a significantly positive effect on both peer attachment and maternal attachment.However,while peer attachment positively influenced body-esteem,maternal attachment did not have a significant direnct effect on body-esteem.Conclusions:These findings suggest that during early adolescence,peer relationships,rather than maternal bonds,play a more critical role in shaping body image.In a culture that emphasizes peer validation and societal beauty standards,peer relationships have a stronger impact on body-esteem.Interventions should focus on fostering supportive peer environments and enhancing self-esteem to promote positive body-esteem and mental health among adolescents.
基金China National"863 Project"for Biotechmoloigt Development
文摘The characteristics of the particulate mouse centromere enriched fraction from isolated nuclei obtained in our laboratory were investigated by indirect immunoflu-orescence, test of the activity of microtubule organizing center(MTOC), SDS-PAGE, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Most of the particles of the fraction are complexes of DNA and kinetochore proteins and show MTOC activity. The DNA isolated from the fraction can hybridize with DNA in the regions of the primary constrictions of all chromosomes of ascites cells. The kinetochore proteins isolated from the fraction are mainly those with molecular weight of 55 KD and 59 KD. Results suggested that the fraction obtained is a centromere enriched nuclear fraction as indicated in our previous report.
文摘The ecological conditions that underlie much of human flourishing still receive scant attention from moral philosophers.While interest in philosophy of ecology has grown in recent years,ethicists are still reluctant to grant ecological issues the status they arguably deserve.These issues are not restricted to custodianship of the natural world;they also pertain to our ability to enjoy love relationships and other passionate attachments.While the connection between human flourishing and love relationships has an ancient provenance,recently philosophers such as Harry Frankfurt,Bernard Williams,and Susan Wolf have emphasised it.Nevertheless,the ecological conditions of our passionate attachments remain obscure.This chapter investigates the extent that passionate attachments are underwritten by a delicate balance of ecological conditions.To do this,the author examines the effects of the pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus,SARS-CoV-2,which has threatened a key aspect of passionate attachments:our sociality.
基金grant of Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Fund(T0202)
文摘Objective To discuss the application of semi-precision attachment in restoring a midfacial defect, including a nasal, upper lip, and anterior maxillary defect. Methods A splinted metal-ceramic crowns （from the upper right first molar to left molar） and a bar with stud attachments was done. A removable partial denture （RPD） containing the patrix portion of the attachment was then designed to restore the missing maxillary anterior teeth and alveolar ridge. Finally,, The facial prosthesis was joined to the denture utilizing two retentive metal posts on the superior aspect of the removable partial. Results A splinted metal-ceramic crowns （from the upper right frst molar to left molar） and a bar with stud attachments was done. A RPD containing the patrix portion of the attachment was then designed to restore the missing maxillary anterior teeth and alveolar ridge. Finally, The facial prosthesis was joined to the denture utilizing two retentive metal posts on the superior aspect of the removable partial. The prosthesis markedly improved the appearance of the patient and demonstrated good retention. Conclusion Using attachment in restoring rnaxillofacial defect may provide adequate retetion which lead to a sucessful treatment outcome.
基金supported in part by the Higher Education Sprout Project,Ministry of Education,to the Headquarters of University Advancement at National Cheng Kung University(NCKU).
文摘Background:While various factors contributing to delinquency have been explored,the role of selfesteem in this specific context has received little attention.Hence,this study aims to investigate the complex issue of adolescent delinquency in Iran by focusing on the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between parental attachment and delinquent behavior.Methods:Using the multistage cluster random sampling method,the research involved 528 high school students in Tehran.Each student completed validated scales assessing their parental attachment,self-esteem,and delinquency at school.Multiple regression analyses with the Sobel test and bootstrappingmethod were used to examine mediated effects.Results:Thefindings reveal that self-esteem significantly mediates the relationship betweenmaternal attachment and delinquency(standardized coefficient=−0.0292;p=0.04).Adolescents with secure maternal attachments tend to exhibit higher self-esteem,which reduces the likelihood of delinquent behavior.In contrast,paternal attachment did not show a significant mediating effect in this study.These results underscore the importance of cultivating secure maternal relationships and fostering positive self-esteem to address adolescent delinquency.Conclusion:The study suggests that targeted interventions that strengthen maternal attachment and boost self-esteem could effectively mitigate delinquent behaviors among Iranian adolescents.These interventions should prioritize the emotional support and value of secure maternal bonds as key factors in promoting healthy adolescent development.
基金funded by the Shihezi University Innovation and Development Special Project“Research and Application of Knowledge Graph Based Big Data Platform for the Development Trend of College Students’Mental Health”(CXFZSK202205)by the China Young Pioneers Research Topic General Topic(2022YB16).
文摘Objectives:Attachment is a profound and enduring connection to the emotion children progressively form with their parents as they mature.It significantly impacts the social and psychological development of kids and teenagers.This study aimed to explore the latent profiles and longitudinal transition patterns of parent-child and peer attachments among adolescents.Methods:A cohort of 914 participants from China completed the measures with a twelve-month interval.There were 46.8%boys and 53.2%girls in this survey.Latent profile analysis(LPA)was adopted to explore the distinct profiles reflecting different parent-child and peer attachment response patterns at each time point.Latent transition analysis(LTA)was used to examine the membership of distinct latent profiles and how individuals move between profiles over time.Results:Three latent profiles were found:the poor parent-child communication profile,the moderate attachment profile,and the good attachment profile.It was shown that the transition probability from the poor parent-child communication and good attachment profiles to the moderate attachment profile was higher than the transition probability between the poor parent-child communication and good attachment profiles.Patterns of parent-child and peer attachments were associated with depression and anxiety.Conclusion:This study demonstrates differences in adolescents’attachment to fathers,mothers,and peers and the need for targeted interventions for groups of adolescents with moderate levels of parent-child and peer attachment.
基金funded by the Social Science Major Project of Tianjin Municipal Education Commission(Grant No.2025JWZD-GJ26).
文摘Background:Live streaming has become a globally prevalent form of digital entertainment,particularly among young audiences,fostering new modes of online engagement through real-time interaction.However,excessive use may lead to addictive behaviors in certain users.Current research on live-streaming addiction remains limited,with prior studies focusing primarily on socio-psychological drivers rather than the role of technological affordances.To address this gap,this study develops a conceptual model based on socio-technical systems and attachment theory to investigate how emotional and functional attachment mediate the relationship between platform features and addictive behavior.Methods:A total of 533 valid responses were collected in a cross-sectional survey(mean age=26.4 years,standard deviation[SD]=4.7;53.8%female).Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling(SEM)to test the hypothesized relationships.Additionally,the potential mediating effects of emotional and functional attachment between the platform features and live-streaming addiction were examined using the Bootstrap method.Results:Social factors(perceived interactivity,β=0.204,p<0.001;perceived confirmation,β=0.379,p<0.001)and technical factors(perceived customization,β=0.227,p<0.001;perceived amusement,β=0.252,p<0.001;vicarious expression,β=0.352,p<0.001)significantly strengthen both emotional and functional attachment,which in turn positively predict live-streaming addiction(emotional attachment:β=0.468,p<0.001;functional attachment:β=0.393,p<0.001).Furthermore,emotional attachment exerted a stronger influence on addiction than functional attachment.Conclusions:These findings deepen the understanding of live-streaming addiction by integrating socio-technical perspectives and offer practical implications for stakeholders to mitigate negative outcomes through effective strategies.
文摘BACKGROUND The primary issue in managing edentulous patients is the severely resorbed mandibular ridge,particularly in older individuals with diminished adaptive capacities.This compromised situation leads to the fabrication of inadequate dentures that lack retention and stability,potentially causing psychosocial issues.AIM To determine the difference in retentive capacity between three attachment systems in implant-retained overdentures.METHODS Three edentulous mandibular models were fabricated using heat-cured polymethacrylate resin,with two implant replicas placed in the intra-foraminal region of each model.30 acrylic resin mandibular overdentures were fabricated with provisions for three different overdenture attachment systems:A prefabricated ball/O-ring attachment,a locator attachment system,and an equator attachment system.Each model was subjected to 15000 pulls using a universal testing machine to remove the overdenture from the acrylic model and the force data were recorded.RESULTS The ball/O-ring attachment system demonstrated superior retentive capacity for 15 years,while the locator and equator attachment systems maintained excellent retentive capacity for 5 years.CONCLUSION The ball/O-ring attachment system outperformed better than the other two attachment systems regarding retentive capacity.The locator and equator attachment systems presented sufficient retentive abilities until 15000 cycles.After 7500 cycles,significant differences in retentive force between the systems evolved.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 42206126 and 42076044the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province under contract No.ZR2021QD099.
文摘Plate culture counting and strain isolation methods were utilized to assess the species richness and abundance of planktonic and attached bacteria on glass plates in the surface and bottom seawater of Qingdao Middle Harbor over a year,with monthly and quarterly sampling.Both species richness and bacterial numbers exhibited seasonal variations.Specifically,the abundance of attached bacteria and bacterioplankton peaked in June and July,corresponding to higher water temperatures in summer and autumn,while lower abundances were noted in January and December during cooler periods.Throughout the year,the species richness of attached bacteria consistently exceeded that of planktonic bacteria in both shallow and deep waters.Pseudoalteromonas emerged as the most prevalent genus among both planktonic and attached bacteria in surface and bottom seawater samples.Furthermore,the magnitude of changes in species richness and abundance for attached bacteria(0.66×10^(5)-15.85×10^(5)CFU/cm^(2))was greater than that observed for planktonic bacteria(0.58×10^(8)-5.33×10^(8)CFU/L).We propose that the attached bacterial populations,situated in limited microenvironments within the larger seawater ecosystem,exhibit heightened sensitivity to environmental fluctuations,resulting in more rapid shifts in population dynamics and lower ecological stability.The theoretical implications and potential applications of these findings warrant further investigation.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)under the Grant Numbers NRF-2021R1A2C2092146 and RS-2023-00282764.
文摘A numerical method is presented to simulate bubble–particle interaction phenomena in particle-laden flows.The bubble surface is represented in an Eulerian framework by a volume-of-fluid(VOF)method,while particle motions are predicted in a Lagrangian framework.Different frameworks for describing bubble surfaces and particles make it difficult to predict the exact locations of collisions between bubbles and particles.An effective bubble,defined as having a larger diameter than the actual bubble represented by the VOFmethod,is introduced to predict the collision locations.Once the collision locations are determined,the attachment of particles to the bubble surface is determined using a novel numerical algorithm based on collision/induction times.The proposed numerical method is validated through simulations of a rising bubble moving through a layer of particles.The validity of the collision detection algorithm is examined by comparing the collision probability predicted by the present numerical method with that predicted from a theoretical relationship based on bubble/particle diameters.The attachment probability predicted by the present algorithm is found to agree well with that of an experiment.
基金supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2020A1515110608)Department of Education of Guangdong Province-Guangdong Province General University Youth Innovative Talent Project(2019KQNCX039).
文摘Background:Childhood environmental unpredictability(CEU)is crucial to personal development,profoundly influence physical and psychological growth particularly,and psychopathy is recognized as a dark personality trait.The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of insecure attachment and life history strategy(LHS)on the relationship between CEU and psychopathy by establishing a sequential mediation model based on evolutionary life history theory and cognitive-affective personality system.Methods:A group of 532 undergraduates completed the measurements for CEU,insecure attachment,LHS,and psychopathy,and Bootstrap mediation test through SPSS 25.0 and PROCESS macro tool was used to examine the relationship among these variables.Results:The results revealed positive relations between CEU and insecure attachment(β=0.87,p<0.001),CEU and LHS(β=0.11,p<0.001),and CEU and psychopathy(β=0.14,p<0.001).Insecure attachment was also positively associated with LHS(β=0.62,p<0.001)and psychopathy(β=0.04,p<0.001).In addition,LHS was significantly associated with psychopathy(β=0.08,p<0.001).The relationship between CEU and psychopathy is mediated independently and sequentially by insecure attachment and LHS.Conclusion:The current research shows the relationship between CEU and psychopathy,as well as the mechanism of insecure attachment and life history strategy as mediators.
基金financed by 2024 Gansu Province College Teachers'Innovation Fund Project(2024B-051)Northwest Normal University Young Teachers'Research Ability Enhancement Program Project(NWNU-LKQN2019-25)Grant number Gansu Provincial Social Science Planning Youth Project"Research on the Construction of Tourism Safety Guarantee System for Scenic Spots in Gansu Province"(2021QN008).
文摘This study explores the impact of perceived value,awe,and place attachment on tourists'environmentally responsible behavior(ERB)in desert tourism contexts,using the Singing Sands Mountain and Crescent Spring scenic area in Dunhuang,China as a case study.Data were collected from 315 tourists using a structured questionnaire and analyzed through a structural equation model.Results show that perceived value and awe significantly influence ERB both directly and indirectly via place attachment.Specifically,perceived value has a stronger direct effect on ERB compared to awe,highlighting the importance of tourists'overall evaluation of the destination in promoting sustainable behaviors.The mediating role of place attachment underscores the significance of emotional connections to the environment in fostering ERB.These findings provide valuable insights for sustainable tourism management in fragile desert ecosystems.The study also highlights the importance of enhancing perceived value through high-quality services and leveraging awe-inspiring experiences to promote sustainable behaviors.
基金the funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32200762).
文摘The invasion of host cells by the henipavirus is facilitated through the interaction between viral attachment(G)and fusion(F)glycoproteins with receptors on the cell surface.Langya henipavirus(LayV)was newly identified in China in 2022.The G proteins of LayV and Mojiang virus(MojV)exhibit high amino acid homology(86%),while they are located in a unique evolutionary clade within the Henipavirus genus.In this study,the crystal structure of the LayV G protein was resolved at a 3.37Åresolution,revealing a head domain with sixβ-propeller-like domains distinct from other henipavirus G proteins,such as those of Nipah virus(NiV)and Hendra virus(HeV).Furthermore,the prominent loop in the center cavity of the LayV G protein showed unique structural features.In the ELISA and SPR assays,the LayV G protein was unable to bind to the existing henipavirus-neutralizing antibodies or the ephrin-B2 receptor.Immunogenicity studies in mice demonstrated robust antibody responses elicited by the LayV G protein.These antibodies exhibited strong reactivity against both LayV and MojV G proteins.However,only weak cross-reactivity was observed with other henipaviruses.Moreover,eight monoclonal antibodies targeting the LayV G protein were generated,two of which exhibited broad binding activity across different henipavirus G proteins.These findings underscore the need for tailored vaccines and therapeutics for LayV and related novel henipaviruses.
基金supported by #NEXTGENERATIONEU(NGEU)and funded by the Ministry of University and Research(MUR),National Recovery and Resilience Plan(NRRP),project MNESYS(PE0000006)-(DN.155311.10.2022)supported by Sapienza Grant 2021(RM12117A60BDF685).
文摘Background Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)is a significant health concern among adolescents and young adults,often resulting from adverse childhood experiences(ACEs).Dissociation,post-traumatic symptoms and attachment style may have a role in shaping such associations.Aims This study aims to provide a unified model of the impact of ACEs on NSSI,exploring complex post-traumatic stress disorder(cPTSD)symptoms and dissociation as potential mediators and the role of the predominant attachment style in affecting such associations.Methods 1010 young individuals attending the last year of high school participated in this cross-sectional study.ACEs,cPTSD,dissociation and NSSI were evaluated using self-report questionnaires.We fitted a path model of NSSI,with ACEs as exogenous variables and cPTSD and dissociation as sequential mediators.Secure,fearful and preoccupied attachment styles were modelled as grouping variables.Results Our findings showed that dissociation mediated the impact of ACEs on NSSI in subjects with a fearful attachment style,as opposed to those with a preoccupied attachment for whom cPTSD symptoms mediated the ACEs-NSSI association.Conclusions Attachment styles moderate the relationship between ACEs and NSSI,with either dissociation or post-traumatic symptomatology mediating the impact of ACEs on NSSI,depending on the predominant attachment style.Our results highlight the importance of attachment as a pathway modifier in the relationships between different psychopathology dimensions,providing a useful framework to better conceptualise the ACEs-NSSI association.
