Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors(PEComas)are a diverse group of mesenchymal neoplasms.While they have been described throughout the genitourinary system,PEComas are quite rare within the bladder.We present the cas...Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors(PEComas)are a diverse group of mesenchymal neoplasms.While they have been described throughout the genitourinary system,PEComas are quite rare within the bladder.We present the case of a 37-year-old male who presented in clot retention and was found to have a bladder PEComa.Staging images seemingly demonstrated solid tumor confinement to the bladder and pelvis.Intraoperative pathology revealed peritoneal metastasis.The patient underwent a pelvic mass excision and partial cystectomy.The patient had plans for adjuvant chemotherapy,but later returned to the hospital and passed away from acute hypoxic respiratory failure.展开更多
The aim of this study was to determine the impact that age and comorbidity status have on both overall and bladder cancer-specific survival of bladder cancer patients. We obtained medical information pertaining to a p...The aim of this study was to determine the impact that age and comorbidity status have on both overall and bladder cancer-specific survival of bladder cancer patients. We obtained medical information pertaining to a population of 528 patients with newly diagnosed bladder cancer from Chung-Ang University Hospital cancer registry. The Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 （ACE-27） test, which has been previously validated in adult cancer patients, was used to assess comorbidity. We evaluated differences in the demographic and clinical characteristics of included patients, as well as differences in the treatments they received after categorizing them by age. The median age at the time of bladder cancer diagnosis of the entire cohort was 63 years, and the median follow-up time was 97 months. Of the 528 patients who were included in our study, 303 had at least one comorbid condition and 249 died during the follow-up period. When patients were stratified by age, we found that older patients had a higher proportion of severe comorbidities （P 〈 0.01） than younger patients, and that a lower proportion of them underwent radical cystec- tomy for invasive bladder cancer （IBC） （P 〈 0.01）. By multivariate analysis, we found that older age was predictive of lower overall survival （OS） and bladder cancer-specific survival （BCSS） rates among patients with superficial bladder cancer （SBC） and of lower OS rates among patients with IBC. We also found that moderate-severe comorbidity status and treatment through a bladder-conserving approach were predictive of lower OS and cancer-specific survival rates among patients with IBC. The disparity between overall deaths and bladder cancer deaths was shown in SBC and increased along with age and higher comorbidity. Age and comorbidity were found to be independent predictive factors of OS and BCSS among bladder cancer patients, and explained the disparity that we observed between overall bladder cancer-specific mortality rates.展开更多
A major problem which is poorly understood in the management of bladder cancer is low sensitivity to chemotherapy and high recurrence after transurethral resection. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) signa...A major problem which is poorly understood in the management of bladder cancer is low sensitivity to chemotherapy and high recurrence after transurethral resection. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling plays a very important role in progression, invasion and metastasis of bladder cancer cells. In this study, we investigated whether IGF-1R was involved in the growth stimulating activity and drug resistance of bladder cancer cells. The results showed: The mRNAs of IGF-1, IGF-2 and IGF-1R were strongly expressed in serum-free cultured T24 cell line, whereas normal urothelial cells did not express these factors/receptors or only in trace levels; T24 cell responded far better to growth stimulation by IGF-1 than did normal urothelial cells; blockage of IGF1R by antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) significantly inhibited the growth of T24 cell and enhanced sensitivity and apoptosis of T24 cells to mitomycin (MMC). These results suggested that blockage of IGF-IR signaling might potentially contribute to the treatment of bladder cancer cells which are insensitive to chemotherapy.展开更多
The number of AgNORs in the nucleolar organizer region was studied quantitativelyby one-step silver colloid technique in 6 samples obtained from normal bladder tissue,9 ofchronic cystitis and 56 of transitional cell c...The number of AgNORs in the nucleolar organizer region was studied quantitativelyby one-step silver colloid technique in 6 samples obtained from normal bladder tissue,9 ofchronic cystitis and 56 of transitional cell carcinoma of bladder.The results revealed that meannumber of AgNORs per nucleus was not statistically different between normal bladder tissueand tissue from chronic cystitis,while there was a significant difference between normal or in-flammatory tissue and malignant tisssue on the one hand and between various grades of bladdertumor on the other.The results also indicated that mean number of AgNORs per nucleus wasclosely related to the prognosis of bladder tumor.So it is suggested that AgNOR counting bythe silver stain technique might play a role in the differenciation of benign and malignant lesionsand in grading and prognosis in bladder tumors.展开更多
To study the relationship between oncogene C-erbB-1 and suppressor gene p53 and bladder cancer,oncogene C-erbB-1 and suppressor gene p53 were determined by immunohistochemistry in 58 cases of bladder cancer. In additi...To study the relationship between oncogene C-erbB-1 and suppressor gene p53 and bladder cancer,oncogene C-erbB-1 and suppressor gene p53 were determined by immunohistochemistry in 58 cases of bladder cancer. In addition,on 30 of them in situ hybridization展开更多
Objective： The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of bladder preserving approach transurethral resection （TURBT） with additional intravesicel instillation versus immediate cystectomy in patien...Objective： The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of bladder preserving approach transurethral resection （TURBT） with additional intravesicel instillation versus immediate cystectomy in patients with newly diagnosed stage T1G3 bladder cancer. Methods： Clinical data of patients with newly diagnosed T1G3 bladder cancer underwent immediate cystectomy （Group A） or TURBT with additional intravesical instillation （Group B） was collected from online databases. Meta-analysis that recommended by Cochrane Collaboration was done for the data obtained. Publication bias was examined using a funnel plot. Results： Four trails, including 434 patients, were eligible for this study. The general mortality rate of group A （74/149 = 49.7%） and group B （102/285 = 35.8%） was calculated and compared in RevMan 4.2, which showed the difference on general mortality rate between the two groups was not statistical significant, with the pooled RR = 1.23 （95% CI 1.10-1.70, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： Compared with TURBT, immediate cystectomy may not reduce the general mortality rate to improve the forward survival rate.展开更多
Introduction:Non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)is a common malignancy worldwide.While Bacillus Calmette-Guérin(BCG)is standard of care for treatment for most patients with high-risk NMIBC,many will either...Introduction:Non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)is a common malignancy worldwide.While Bacillus Calmette-Guérin(BCG)is standard of care for treatment for most patients with high-risk NMIBC,many will either not respond to BCG initially or will eventually develop BCG-unresponsive disease.A treatment option in BCG-unresponsive disease is nadofaragene firadenovec-vncg(Adstiladrin),a nonreplicating adenoviral vector–based gene therapy approved by the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)for the treatment of adults with high-risk BCGunresponsive NMIBC with carcinoma in situ with or without papillary tumors.Objective:To review safety outcomes of participants who received the FDA-approved dose of nadofaragene firadenovec(3×10^(11)vp/mL)across phase 2(NCT01687244)and phase 3(NCT02773849)studies.Methods:Data from the phase 2 and phase 3 studies were collected and analyzed.The findings were reported using descriptive statistics to summarize the key outcomes observed across studies.Results:Common adverse events(AEs)among nadofaragene firadenovec recipients were leakage of fluid around the urinary catheter,fatigue,bladder spasm,chills,dysuria,and micturition urgency.Most study drug–related AEs were mild and localized,with no grade 4 or 5 study drug–related AEs observed in either study.Study drug–related AEs were generally transient,with most study drug–related AEs having a median duration of≤2.0 days in the phase 3 study.Discontinuation rates due to study drug–related AEs were low,with none(0%)in the phase 2 study and three(1.9%)in the phase 3 study.No specific postmarketing surveillance was required by the FDA besides routine pharmacovigilance monitoring;no new real-world safety signals have been observed.Conclusion:Nadofaragene firadenovec demonstrated a favorable and tolerable safety profile across its clinical study program,allowing for broad patient selection among those with high-risk BCG-unresponsive NMIBC.展开更多
[目的]探讨尿液微小RNA(miR)-30a-5p表达与肌层浸润性膀胱癌(muscule-invasive bladder cancer,MIBC)患者新辅助化疗(neoadjuvant chemotherapy,NAC)反应和预后的相关性。[方法]回顾性分析2017年11月至2020年11月咸阳市第一人民医院收治...[目的]探讨尿液微小RNA(miR)-30a-5p表达与肌层浸润性膀胱癌(muscule-invasive bladder cancer,MIBC)患者新辅助化疗(neoadjuvant chemotherapy,NAC)反应和预后的相关性。[方法]回顾性分析2017年11月至2020年11月咸阳市第一人民医院收治的91例MIBC患者的临床资料,患者均接受了基于顺铂和吉西他滨的NAC方案,然后行膀胱手术。NAC治疗2个周期后评估肿瘤反应,将患者分为化疗敏感组和化疗抵抗组。采用实时荧光定量PCR检测尿液miR-30a-5p表达水平,定量甲基化特异性聚合酶链反应评估miR-30a-5p启动子区甲基化状态。分析尿液miR-30a-5p表达水平与患者总生存期(overall survival,OS)和疾病特异性生存期(disease specific survival,DSS)的关系。[结果 ]根据尿液miR-30a-5p表达中位值(0.72)将MIBC患者分为高表达(>0.72)组和低表达(≤0.72)组,miR-30a-5p低表达组患者淋巴结转移率(P=0.039)及Ki-67指数(P<0.001)较miR-30a-5p高表达组更高,且NAC化疗抵抗率更高(P=0.027)。化疗抵抗患者尿液miR-30a-5p表达水平明显低于化疗敏感组[0.53(0.26,0.94) vs 1.93(0.71,6.32),P=0.014]。尿液miR-30a-5p表达水平(≤0.66)预测NAC化疗敏感性的受试者工作特征曲线下面积(0.792)和灵敏度(92.60%)均较高。多因素分析显示,尿液miR-30a-5p是NAC敏感的独立预测因素(OR=0.323,95%CI:0.132~0.792,P=0.013)。miR-30a-5p低表达组患者中位DSS时间(328.0 d vs 614.5 d,P=0.002)和中位OS时间(495.5 d vs 1 026.0 d,P<0.001)均短于高表达组。尿液miR-30a-5p表达水平和MIBC组织样本中miR-30a-5p启动子CpG岛的甲基化率呈负相关(r=-0.759,P<0.001)。[结论]尿液miR-30a-5p低表达与MIBC患者NAC治疗反应和不良预后有关,可作为MIBC预后和NAC反应预测的生物标志物。展开更多
Aim： To compare the results of bladder tumor associated antigen （BTA TRAK）, nuclear matrix protein 22 （NMP 22） and voided urine cytology （VUC） in detecting bladder cancer. Methods： A total of 135 elderly male ...Aim： To compare the results of bladder tumor associated antigen （BTA TRAK）, nuclear matrix protein 22 （NMP 22） and voided urine cytology （VUC） in detecting bladder cancer. Methods： A total of 135 elderly male and 50 healthy volunteers enrolled in this study were classified into three groups： （i） 93 patients with bladder cancer; （ii） 42 patients with urinary benign conditions; and （iii） 50 healthy volunteers. BTA TRAK and NMP 22 kits were used to detect bladder cancer. Voided urine cytology was used to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the screening tests. Results： The sensitivity and specificity of cytology, BTA TRAK and NMP 22 were 24% and 97%, 51% and 73%, 78% and 73%, respectively. The level of NMP 22 increased with tumor grading. The BTA TRAK kit has the lowest sensitivity among the screening tests. The NMP 22 with the best sensitivity can be an adjunct to cytology for evaluating bladder cancer. Conclusion： The NMP 22 test has a better correlation with the grading of the bladder cancer than BTA TRAK. As cytology units are typically not available in hospitals or in outpatient clinics, NMP 22 might be a promising tool for screening bladder cancer.展开更多
B7-H1, a recently described member of the B7 family of costimulatory molecules, is thought to be involved in tumor immune escape by inducing T-cell apoptosis. In order to investigate the relationship between B7-H1 and...B7-H1, a recently described member of the B7 family of costimulatory molecules, is thought to be involved in tumor immune escape by inducing T-cell apoptosis. In order to investigate the relationship between B7-H1 and immune escape of bladder cancer, B7-H1 expression in 50 cases of bladder cancer was detected by using immunohistochemical method. Survival curves were con- structed using the Kaplan-Meier method and independent prognostic factors were evaluated using the Cox regression model. Our results showed that the positive rate of B7-H1 immunostaining in normal bladder tissue and bladder cancer was 0 and 72% respectively. The expression of B7-H1 was strongly associated with the pathological grade, clinical stage and recurrence （P〈0.05）. The survival rate was significantly lower in patients with B7-H1 positive group than in those with B7-H1 negative group and multi-variable analysis revealed that B7-H1 could be regarded as an independent factor in evaluating the prognosis of bladder cancer. It is concluded that the expression of B7-H1 is strongly associated with neoplastic progression and prognosis of bladder cancer. The manipulation of B7-H1 may become a beneficial target for immunotherapy in human bladder cancer.展开更多
In order to elucidate the mechanisms of multidrug resistance (MDR) in bladder cancer, the expression of glutathione S-transferase-π (GST-π) and multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP) in tissue samples resec...In order to elucidate the mechanisms of multidrug resistance (MDR) in bladder cancer, the expression of glutathione S-transferase-π (GST-π) and multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP) in tissue samples resected from 44 patients and 6 normal bladder mucosa as control was de- tected by using immunohistochemical method, and the results were analyzed by computer-assisted im- age analyzing system (IAS) to achieve semi-quantitative data. In addition, correlation between the expression of both factors was studied. The results showed that the positive expression rate of GST- π and MRP in bladder cancer was 72. 7 % (32/44) and 68. 2 % (30/44) respectively, significantly higher than those in normal bladder mucosa, being 16. 7% and 33. 3% respectively. The rate of GST-πpositive staining was increased correspondingly with tumor grade and stage elevated, being higher in recurrent tumors treated by chemotherapy, but not significantly (P>0. 05). There was no significant differences between the expression of MRP and tumors' behaviors and clinical characters. However, the results demonstrated that the correlation between the expression of both resistant fac- tors was very evident (r=0. 695, P<0. 0025). It was suggested that the activation of GST-π and MRP might occur during malignant transformation of normal mucosa, but tumors' differentiation and progression could not be the unique factors that influenced both overexpression. Chemotherapy might be another important reason. The correlation of both indicated that there was a common mech- anism regulating their expression probably, which made them play a pivotal role in chemotherapy drug resistance of bladder cancers.展开更多
文摘Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors(PEComas)are a diverse group of mesenchymal neoplasms.While they have been described throughout the genitourinary system,PEComas are quite rare within the bladder.We present the case of a 37-year-old male who presented in clot retention and was found to have a bladder PEComa.Staging images seemingly demonstrated solid tumor confinement to the bladder and pelvis.Intraoperative pathology revealed peritoneal metastasis.The patient underwent a pelvic mass excision and partial cystectomy.The patient had plans for adjuvant chemotherapy,but later returned to the hospital and passed away from acute hypoxic respiratory failure.
文摘The aim of this study was to determine the impact that age and comorbidity status have on both overall and bladder cancer-specific survival of bladder cancer patients. We obtained medical information pertaining to a population of 528 patients with newly diagnosed bladder cancer from Chung-Ang University Hospital cancer registry. The Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 （ACE-27） test, which has been previously validated in adult cancer patients, was used to assess comorbidity. We evaluated differences in the demographic and clinical characteristics of included patients, as well as differences in the treatments they received after categorizing them by age. The median age at the time of bladder cancer diagnosis of the entire cohort was 63 years, and the median follow-up time was 97 months. Of the 528 patients who were included in our study, 303 had at least one comorbid condition and 249 died during the follow-up period. When patients were stratified by age, we found that older patients had a higher proportion of severe comorbidities （P 〈 0.01） than younger patients, and that a lower proportion of them underwent radical cystec- tomy for invasive bladder cancer （IBC） （P 〈 0.01）. By multivariate analysis, we found that older age was predictive of lower overall survival （OS） and bladder cancer-specific survival （BCSS） rates among patients with superficial bladder cancer （SBC） and of lower OS rates among patients with IBC. We also found that moderate-severe comorbidity status and treatment through a bladder-conserving approach were predictive of lower OS and cancer-specific survival rates among patients with IBC. The disparity between overall deaths and bladder cancer deaths was shown in SBC and increased along with age and higher comorbidity. Age and comorbidity were found to be independent predictive factors of OS and BCSS among bladder cancer patients, and explained the disparity that we observed between overall bladder cancer-specific mortality rates.
文摘A major problem which is poorly understood in the management of bladder cancer is low sensitivity to chemotherapy and high recurrence after transurethral resection. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling plays a very important role in progression, invasion and metastasis of bladder cancer cells. In this study, we investigated whether IGF-1R was involved in the growth stimulating activity and drug resistance of bladder cancer cells. The results showed: The mRNAs of IGF-1, IGF-2 and IGF-1R were strongly expressed in serum-free cultured T24 cell line, whereas normal urothelial cells did not express these factors/receptors or only in trace levels; T24 cell responded far better to growth stimulation by IGF-1 than did normal urothelial cells; blockage of IGF1R by antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) significantly inhibited the growth of T24 cell and enhanced sensitivity and apoptosis of T24 cells to mitomycin (MMC). These results suggested that blockage of IGF-IR signaling might potentially contribute to the treatment of bladder cancer cells which are insensitive to chemotherapy.
文摘The number of AgNORs in the nucleolar organizer region was studied quantitativelyby one-step silver colloid technique in 6 samples obtained from normal bladder tissue,9 ofchronic cystitis and 56 of transitional cell carcinoma of bladder.The results revealed that meannumber of AgNORs per nucleus was not statistically different between normal bladder tissueand tissue from chronic cystitis,while there was a significant difference between normal or in-flammatory tissue and malignant tisssue on the one hand and between various grades of bladdertumor on the other.The results also indicated that mean number of AgNORs per nucleus wasclosely related to the prognosis of bladder tumor.So it is suggested that AgNOR counting bythe silver stain technique might play a role in the differenciation of benign and malignant lesionsand in grading and prognosis in bladder tumors.
文摘To study the relationship between oncogene C-erbB-1 and suppressor gene p53 and bladder cancer,oncogene C-erbB-1 and suppressor gene p53 were determined by immunohistochemistry in 58 cases of bladder cancer. In addition,on 30 of them in situ hybridization
文摘Objective： The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of bladder preserving approach transurethral resection （TURBT） with additional intravesicel instillation versus immediate cystectomy in patients with newly diagnosed stage T1G3 bladder cancer. Methods： Clinical data of patients with newly diagnosed T1G3 bladder cancer underwent immediate cystectomy （Group A） or TURBT with additional intravesical instillation （Group B） was collected from online databases. Meta-analysis that recommended by Cochrane Collaboration was done for the data obtained. Publication bias was examined using a funnel plot. Results： Four trails, including 434 patients, were eligible for this study. The general mortality rate of group A （74/149 = 49.7%） and group B （102/285 = 35.8%） was calculated and compared in RevMan 4.2, which showed the difference on general mortality rate between the two groups was not statistical significant, with the pooled RR = 1.23 （95% CI 1.10-1.70, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： Compared with TURBT, immediate cystectomy may not reduce the general mortality rate to improve the forward survival rate.
基金This work was supported by Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc.
文摘Introduction:Non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)is a common malignancy worldwide.While Bacillus Calmette-Guérin(BCG)is standard of care for treatment for most patients with high-risk NMIBC,many will either not respond to BCG initially or will eventually develop BCG-unresponsive disease.A treatment option in BCG-unresponsive disease is nadofaragene firadenovec-vncg(Adstiladrin),a nonreplicating adenoviral vector–based gene therapy approved by the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)for the treatment of adults with high-risk BCGunresponsive NMIBC with carcinoma in situ with or without papillary tumors.Objective:To review safety outcomes of participants who received the FDA-approved dose of nadofaragene firadenovec(3×10^(11)vp/mL)across phase 2(NCT01687244)and phase 3(NCT02773849)studies.Methods:Data from the phase 2 and phase 3 studies were collected and analyzed.The findings were reported using descriptive statistics to summarize the key outcomes observed across studies.Results:Common adverse events(AEs)among nadofaragene firadenovec recipients were leakage of fluid around the urinary catheter,fatigue,bladder spasm,chills,dysuria,and micturition urgency.Most study drug–related AEs were mild and localized,with no grade 4 or 5 study drug–related AEs observed in either study.Study drug–related AEs were generally transient,with most study drug–related AEs having a median duration of≤2.0 days in the phase 3 study.Discontinuation rates due to study drug–related AEs were low,with none(0%)in the phase 2 study and three(1.9%)in the phase 3 study.No specific postmarketing surveillance was required by the FDA besides routine pharmacovigilance monitoring;no new real-world safety signals have been observed.Conclusion:Nadofaragene firadenovec demonstrated a favorable and tolerable safety profile across its clinical study program,allowing for broad patient selection among those with high-risk BCG-unresponsive NMIBC.
文摘[目的]探讨尿液微小RNA(miR)-30a-5p表达与肌层浸润性膀胱癌(muscule-invasive bladder cancer,MIBC)患者新辅助化疗(neoadjuvant chemotherapy,NAC)反应和预后的相关性。[方法]回顾性分析2017年11月至2020年11月咸阳市第一人民医院收治的91例MIBC患者的临床资料,患者均接受了基于顺铂和吉西他滨的NAC方案,然后行膀胱手术。NAC治疗2个周期后评估肿瘤反应,将患者分为化疗敏感组和化疗抵抗组。采用实时荧光定量PCR检测尿液miR-30a-5p表达水平,定量甲基化特异性聚合酶链反应评估miR-30a-5p启动子区甲基化状态。分析尿液miR-30a-5p表达水平与患者总生存期(overall survival,OS)和疾病特异性生存期(disease specific survival,DSS)的关系。[结果 ]根据尿液miR-30a-5p表达中位值(0.72)将MIBC患者分为高表达(>0.72)组和低表达(≤0.72)组,miR-30a-5p低表达组患者淋巴结转移率(P=0.039)及Ki-67指数(P<0.001)较miR-30a-5p高表达组更高,且NAC化疗抵抗率更高(P=0.027)。化疗抵抗患者尿液miR-30a-5p表达水平明显低于化疗敏感组[0.53(0.26,0.94) vs 1.93(0.71,6.32),P=0.014]。尿液miR-30a-5p表达水平(≤0.66)预测NAC化疗敏感性的受试者工作特征曲线下面积(0.792)和灵敏度(92.60%)均较高。多因素分析显示,尿液miR-30a-5p是NAC敏感的独立预测因素(OR=0.323,95%CI:0.132~0.792,P=0.013)。miR-30a-5p低表达组患者中位DSS时间(328.0 d vs 614.5 d,P=0.002)和中位OS时间(495.5 d vs 1 026.0 d,P<0.001)均短于高表达组。尿液miR-30a-5p表达水平和MIBC组织样本中miR-30a-5p启动子CpG岛的甲基化率呈负相关(r=-0.759,P<0.001)。[结论]尿液miR-30a-5p低表达与MIBC患者NAC治疗反应和不良预后有关,可作为MIBC预后和NAC反应预测的生物标志物。
文摘Aim： To compare the results of bladder tumor associated antigen （BTA TRAK）, nuclear matrix protein 22 （NMP 22） and voided urine cytology （VUC） in detecting bladder cancer. Methods： A total of 135 elderly male and 50 healthy volunteers enrolled in this study were classified into three groups： （i） 93 patients with bladder cancer; （ii） 42 patients with urinary benign conditions; and （iii） 50 healthy volunteers. BTA TRAK and NMP 22 kits were used to detect bladder cancer. Voided urine cytology was used to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the screening tests. Results： The sensitivity and specificity of cytology, BTA TRAK and NMP 22 were 24% and 97%, 51% and 73%, 78% and 73%, respectively. The level of NMP 22 increased with tumor grading. The BTA TRAK kit has the lowest sensitivity among the screening tests. The NMP 22 with the best sensitivity can be an adjunct to cytology for evaluating bladder cancer. Conclusion： The NMP 22 test has a better correlation with the grading of the bladder cancer than BTA TRAK. As cytology units are typically not available in hospitals or in outpatient clinics, NMP 22 might be a promising tool for screening bladder cancer.
基金supported by a grant from Hubei Provin-cial Science and Technology Key Program Foundation of China (No. 2007AA402C60).
文摘B7-H1, a recently described member of the B7 family of costimulatory molecules, is thought to be involved in tumor immune escape by inducing T-cell apoptosis. In order to investigate the relationship between B7-H1 and immune escape of bladder cancer, B7-H1 expression in 50 cases of bladder cancer was detected by using immunohistochemical method. Survival curves were con- structed using the Kaplan-Meier method and independent prognostic factors were evaluated using the Cox regression model. Our results showed that the positive rate of B7-H1 immunostaining in normal bladder tissue and bladder cancer was 0 and 72% respectively. The expression of B7-H1 was strongly associated with the pathological grade, clinical stage and recurrence （P〈0.05）. The survival rate was significantly lower in patients with B7-H1 positive group than in those with B7-H1 negative group and multi-variable analysis revealed that B7-H1 could be regarded as an independent factor in evaluating the prognosis of bladder cancer. It is concluded that the expression of B7-H1 is strongly associated with neoplastic progression and prognosis of bladder cancer. The manipulation of B7-H1 may become a beneficial target for immunotherapy in human bladder cancer.
基金This project was supported by a grant from the fund of science of Hubei Province (No. 99J124 ).
文摘In order to elucidate the mechanisms of multidrug resistance (MDR) in bladder cancer, the expression of glutathione S-transferase-π (GST-π) and multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP) in tissue samples resected from 44 patients and 6 normal bladder mucosa as control was de- tected by using immunohistochemical method, and the results were analyzed by computer-assisted im- age analyzing system (IAS) to achieve semi-quantitative data. In addition, correlation between the expression of both factors was studied. The results showed that the positive expression rate of GST- π and MRP in bladder cancer was 72. 7 % (32/44) and 68. 2 % (30/44) respectively, significantly higher than those in normal bladder mucosa, being 16. 7% and 33. 3% respectively. The rate of GST-πpositive staining was increased correspondingly with tumor grade and stage elevated, being higher in recurrent tumors treated by chemotherapy, but not significantly (P>0. 05). There was no significant differences between the expression of MRP and tumors' behaviors and clinical characters. However, the results demonstrated that the correlation between the expression of both resistant fac- tors was very evident (r=0. 695, P<0. 0025). It was suggested that the activation of GST-π and MRP might occur during malignant transformation of normal mucosa, but tumors' differentiation and progression could not be the unique factors that influenced both overexpression. Chemotherapy might be another important reason. The correlation of both indicated that there was a common mech- anism regulating their expression probably, which made them play a pivotal role in chemotherapy drug resistance of bladder cancers.
