Mood disorders/psychosis have been associated with dysfunctions in the default mode network(DMN).However,the relative contributions of DMN regions to state and trait disturbances in pediatric bipolar disorder(PBD)rema...Mood disorders/psychosis have been associated with dysfunctions in the default mode network(DMN).However,the relative contributions of DMN regions to state and trait disturbances in pediatric bipolar disorder(PBD)remain unclear.The aim of this study was to investigate the possible mechanisms of PBD through brain imaging and explore the influence of psychotic symptoms on functional alterations in PBD patients.Twenty-nine psychotic and 26 non-psychotic PBD patients,as well as 19 age-and sex-matched healthy controls underwent a restingstate functional MRI scan and the data were analyzed by independent component analysis.The DMN component from the fMRI data was extracted for each participant.Spearman's rank correlation analysis was performed between aberrant connectivity and clinical measurements.The results demonstrated that psychotic PBD was characterized by aberrant DMN connectivity in the anterior cingulate cortex/medial prefrontal cortex,bilateral caudate nucleus,bilateral angular gyri,and left middle temporal gyrus,while non-psychotic PBD was not,suggesting further impairment with the development of psychosis.In summary,we demonstrated unique impairment in DMN functional connectivity in the psychotic PBD group.These specific neuroanatomical abnormalities may shed light on the underlying pathophysiology and presentation of PBD.展开更多
The bipolar ionic liquid thruster employs ionic liquid as a propellant to discharge positively and negatively charged high-energy particles under an alternating current(AC)power source,effectively suppressing electroc...The bipolar ionic liquid thruster employs ionic liquid as a propellant to discharge positively and negatively charged high-energy particles under an alternating current(AC)power source,effectively suppressing electrochemical reaction and ensuring charge neutrality.Determining an optimal AC supply power source frequency is critical for sustained stable thruster operation.This study focuses on the emission characteristics of the ionic liquid thruster under varied AC conditions.The AC power supply was set within the frequency range of 0.5-64 Hz,with eight specific frequency conditions selected for experimentation.The experimental results indicate that the thruster operates steadily within a voltage range of±1470 to±1920 V,with corresponding positive polarity current ranging from 0.41 to 4.91μA and negative polarity current ranging from−0.49 to−4.10μA.During voltage polarity switching,an emission delay occurs,manifested as a prominent peak signal caused by circuit capacitance characteristics and a minor peak signal resulting from liquid droplets.Extended emission test was conducted at 16 Hz,demonstrating approximately 1 h and 50 min of consistent emission before intermittent discharge.These findings underscore the favorable impact of AC conditions within the 8-16 Hz range on the self-neutralization capability of the ionic liquid thruster.展开更多
In this work, we show that an excessive lattice heating problem can occur in the diode electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device connected to a V<sub>DD</sub> bus in the popular diode input prot...In this work, we show that an excessive lattice heating problem can occur in the diode electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device connected to a V<sub>DD</sub> bus in the popular diode input protection scheme, which is favorably used in CMOS RF ICs. To figure out the reason for the excessive lattice heating, we construct an equivalent circuit for input human-body model (HBM) test environment of a CMOS chip equipped with the diode protection circuit, and execute mixed-mode transient simulations utilizing a 2-D device simulator. We analyze the simulation results in detail to show out that a parasitic pnp bipolar transistor action relating nearby p<sup>+</sup>-substrate contacts is responsible for the excessive lattice heating in the diode protection device, which has never been focused before anywhere.展开更多
研究了一种双极性增益Boost变换器,它不仅具有传统Boost变换器的升压特性,而且具有双极性增益特性,即对于正、负输入电压,均能得到正极性的直流输出电压。因此,该双极性增益Boost变换器可直接用于功率因数校正变换器。本文分析了该双极...研究了一种双极性增益Boost变换器,它不仅具有传统Boost变换器的升压特性,而且具有双极性增益特性,即对于正、负输入电压,均能得到正极性的直流输出电压。因此,该双极性增益Boost变换器可直接用于功率因数校正变换器。本文分析了该双极性增益Boost变换器工作于电感电流连续模式(Continuous Current Mode,CCM)时的工作模态,分析了正、负输入电压情况下,该双极性增益Boost变换器的直流稳态特性,分析结果表明该双极性增益Boost变换器具有与传统Boost变换器相同的升压特性。最后,通过实验验证了理论分析的正确性。展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81171291, 81371531, 81571344, 81871344)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (BK20161109)+2 种基金the Key Program for Guangming Lu (BWS11J063, and 10z026)the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province, China (18KJB190003)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China (2014M552700)
文摘Mood disorders/psychosis have been associated with dysfunctions in the default mode network(DMN).However,the relative contributions of DMN regions to state and trait disturbances in pediatric bipolar disorder(PBD)remain unclear.The aim of this study was to investigate the possible mechanisms of PBD through brain imaging and explore the influence of psychotic symptoms on functional alterations in PBD patients.Twenty-nine psychotic and 26 non-psychotic PBD patients,as well as 19 age-and sex-matched healthy controls underwent a restingstate functional MRI scan and the data were analyzed by independent component analysis.The DMN component from the fMRI data was extracted for each participant.Spearman's rank correlation analysis was performed between aberrant connectivity and clinical measurements.The results demonstrated that psychotic PBD was characterized by aberrant DMN connectivity in the anterior cingulate cortex/medial prefrontal cortex,bilateral caudate nucleus,bilateral angular gyri,and left middle temporal gyrus,while non-psychotic PBD was not,suggesting further impairment with the development of psychosis.In summary,we demonstrated unique impairment in DMN functional connectivity in the psychotic PBD group.These specific neuroanatomical abnormalities may shed light on the underlying pathophysiology and presentation of PBD.
基金co-supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFC2201001)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.20210623091808026).
文摘The bipolar ionic liquid thruster employs ionic liquid as a propellant to discharge positively and negatively charged high-energy particles under an alternating current(AC)power source,effectively suppressing electrochemical reaction and ensuring charge neutrality.Determining an optimal AC supply power source frequency is critical for sustained stable thruster operation.This study focuses on the emission characteristics of the ionic liquid thruster under varied AC conditions.The AC power supply was set within the frequency range of 0.5-64 Hz,with eight specific frequency conditions selected for experimentation.The experimental results indicate that the thruster operates steadily within a voltage range of±1470 to±1920 V,with corresponding positive polarity current ranging from 0.41 to 4.91μA and negative polarity current ranging from−0.49 to−4.10μA.During voltage polarity switching,an emission delay occurs,manifested as a prominent peak signal caused by circuit capacitance characteristics and a minor peak signal resulting from liquid droplets.Extended emission test was conducted at 16 Hz,demonstrating approximately 1 h and 50 min of consistent emission before intermittent discharge.These findings underscore the favorable impact of AC conditions within the 8-16 Hz range on the self-neutralization capability of the ionic liquid thruster.
文摘In this work, we show that an excessive lattice heating problem can occur in the diode electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device connected to a V<sub>DD</sub> bus in the popular diode input protection scheme, which is favorably used in CMOS RF ICs. To figure out the reason for the excessive lattice heating, we construct an equivalent circuit for input human-body model (HBM) test environment of a CMOS chip equipped with the diode protection circuit, and execute mixed-mode transient simulations utilizing a 2-D device simulator. We analyze the simulation results in detail to show out that a parasitic pnp bipolar transistor action relating nearby p<sup>+</sup>-substrate contacts is responsible for the excessive lattice heating in the diode protection device, which has never been focused before anywhere.
文摘研究了一种双极性增益Boost变换器,它不仅具有传统Boost变换器的升压特性,而且具有双极性增益特性,即对于正、负输入电压,均能得到正极性的直流输出电压。因此,该双极性增益Boost变换器可直接用于功率因数校正变换器。本文分析了该双极性增益Boost变换器工作于电感电流连续模式(Continuous Current Mode,CCM)时的工作模态,分析了正、负输入电压情况下,该双极性增益Boost变换器的直流稳态特性,分析结果表明该双极性增益Boost变换器具有与传统Boost变换器相同的升压特性。最后,通过实验验证了理论分析的正确性。
